HRP20090682B1 - Energy system for drying products - Google Patents

Abstract

Sources of energy: solar collectors (4), high temperature heat pump (5) air-water and hot water boiler (6). With the help of a radial fan (86), the drying air flows through the duct (114), passes through the perforated floor (115), enters the chamber (3), flows through the wet product becoming moist, flows through the opening (94) into the duct (34). When moisture is not removed, moist air flows through the duct (35), the hot water-air exchanger (15), becomes drying and repeats the cycle. When removing moisture, a portion of the humid air of the duct (34) flows through the plate recuperators (7) and (8), the air-to-water exchanger (9) and the duct (96) and (97) into the environment. The ambient air enters through the blinds (108) and (109), flows through channels (110) and (111) through the exchanger (10) and (11) water-air, plate recuperators (7) and (8), mixes with moist air in the duct (35). The mixed air flows through the heat exchanger (15) warm water-air, becomes drying and continues flowing. Moisture is done by superheated steam. \ N \ n

Description

Technical field to which the invention relates

The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and relates to the drying of moist products, especially to the drying of tobacco. According to the International Patent Classification (IPC), the designation is F26B 23/00 and A24B 1/02.

Technical problem

The invention solves the problem of: a reliable and efficient system for drying wet products, especially tobacco, with heat sources below 100ºC; reducing energy consumption by using available installed energy sources; continuous supply of energy to the hot water-air heat exchanger and maintenance of the temperature of the drying air at the set value by means of an electric motor three-arm regulation faucet with three-point operation, guided by a temperature transmitter and a digital regulator/indicator; utilization of the energy of moist air, which goes outside the drying system into the environment, through energy recovery; heating moist air using a hot water-air heat exchanger, solar energy, a high-temperature air-water heat pump and a hot water boiler; continuous maintenance of the relative humidity of moist air at a set value guided by a humidity transmitter and a digital regulator/indicator; maintaining the required amount of air flow by regulating the number of revolutions of the fan motor with a frequency regulator; wetting of dried tobacco with steam.

State of the art

Tobacco manufacturers dry tobacco using equipment called a tobacco dryer. A tobacco dryer consists of a chamber in which harvested tobacco is placed for drying, strung and compacted in frames or in containers, and a chamber in which a thermogen is installed, which heats moist air. A heat exchanger is installed in the upper part of the thermogen, where energy is burned and humid air is heated. Maintaining the temperature of the drying air at the set value is done by periodically turning on the combustion of energy in the heat exchanger. A radial fan is installed in the thermogen, which performs a forced flow of dried and moist air and suction of fresh air. Tobacco is dried by introducing dried air into the tobacco drying chamber, which reduces the amount of moisture in the tobacco, and increases the humidity of the dried air, which becomes moist air. When drying tobacco, the basic parameters are temperature, relative air humidity in the room where the tobacco is dried, the amount of dried air that is forced to circulate between the tobacco leaves and the time to maintain the set temperature and humidity. Tobacco drying takes place in the phase when moisture is not removed and in the phase when moisture is removed from the chamber where the tobacco is dried. In the phase when the moisture is not removed, the yellowing of the tobacco takes place and lasts 36 to 72 hours, which depends on the maturity of the tobacco and the position of the leaf on the tobacco stem. In the phase when the moisture is removed, the color of the leaf is fixed, the leaf blade and the main veins of the tobacco leaf are dried for 3 to 4 days. In the phase when moisture is not removed, the need for energy is lower, the initial temperature of the drying air is determined between 30 oC and 37 oC, the final temperature of the drying air is determined between 37 oC and 42 oC, relative humidity up to 90%, with a large recirculation of the drying air . In the phase when moisture is removed, the need for energy increases, the initial temperature of the drying air is determined based on the final temperature of the drying air of the phase when moisture is not removed, the final temperature of the drying air is 74 oC, relative humidity between 18% and 11%, with increased by removing moist air into the environment. In the phase when moisture is not removed, the air in the dryer recirculates, and by passing through the heat exchanger, the burnt gases-moist air, the moist air is heated and becomes drying air. In the phase when the moisture is removed, part of the moist air recirculates, and part of it is taken into the environment from the tobacco drying chamber through swinging louvers and brings dry air from the environment through the louvers installed on the thermogen, in an equal amount and mixes with the recirculation air. When the mixed dry and moist air passes through the heat exchanger, the burnt gases-moist air are heated and become drying air. The humidity is adjusted using adjustable blinds installed on the thermogen, and the humidity in the tobacco drying chamber is controlled using a psychrometer. Regulation of the amount of air flow is done by adjusting the blinds that are installed on the thermogen. In the thermogen above the heat exchanger, a tube with nozzles for spraying water for moistening the tobacco is installed. At the end of drying, the tobacco is moistened with water, which is injected into the recirculation air in the form of a water mist due to the pressure of the nozzles. Tobacco needs to be moistened because dried tobacco is brittle and not suitable for transport and further processing. Dryer manufacturers manufacture dryers called tobacco dryers and supply them to tobacco manufacturers for drying tobacco. The dryer consists of a chamber in which the harvested tobacco is placed for drying, strung and compacted in frames or containers, and a chamber in which a thermogen is installed. A heat exchanger is built into the thermogen in which the energy is burned, and the moist air is heated using the exchanger, which becomes dry. These dryers use heating oil or natural gas as an energy source.

For drying, tobacco manufacturers have drying technologies that are used for tobacco of different maturity and position of the picked leaf from the tobacco stem.

Energy utilization in these dryers is 65% to 70%. Heating and maintaining the set temperature of the drying air is done with interruptions in the combustion of energy. The supply of energy for heating moist air is interrupted, the temperature of the drying air is not uniform, which has a bad effect on the biochemical processes in the tobacco leaf. The combustion temperatures of energy sources in the heat exchanger are high. High temperatures in the heat exchanger due to temperature changes caused by switching on and off the humid air heating cause deformations of the sheets at the joints, which affects the service life of the exchanger. In the stage when the moisture is removed, part of the moist air is discharged into the environment as waste from the tobacco drying chamber through the oscillating blinds and irreversibly transfers energy to the environment. Regulation of the fresh air supply is done manually using blinds. Moisture control is performed with a psychrometer. Regulation of the amount of air flow is done manually by means of blinds. Wetting the tobacco by spraying water over the nozzles is ineffective because drops of water settle on the tobacco leaves in places, which change the color of the tobacco leaf at the deposited place.

Presentation of the essence of the invention

The invention is an efficient energy system, which is placed in a chamber that is an integral part of the dryer, which is used to dry moist products, especially tobacco. The dryer also has a chamber where tobacco is placed to be dried strung and compacted in frames or in containers. In the phase when moisture is not removed, the air in the dryer recirculates, and by passing through the heat exchanger, the hot water-air is heated and becomes drying air. In the phase of moisture removal, part of the moist air is recirculated, part is discharged into the environment, and dry air is supplied from the environment in an equal amount. The system transfers the energy of moist air that is removed to the environment to dry air using a plate air-to-air heat recuperator. After energy recovery by the air-to-air plate heat exchanger, the remaining energy in the moist air is recovered again using the air-to-water and hot water-to-air heat exchangers and transferred to the dry air from the environment, before entering the air-to-air plate heat exchanger. To heat the drying air using a hot water-air heat exchanger, one of the three installed energy sources is selected. Energy sources are solar energy, high temperature air-water heat pump and hot water boiler. With this system, in all stages of drying, with the help of differential thermostats and electric three-way control taps, the selection of one of the available energy sources for drying is made, which has a sufficient amount and energy potential. With the help of an electric three-point control valve, working in three points, hot water is recirculated and the necessary energy is continuously supplied to the hot water-air heat exchanger, in order to maintain the temperature of the dried air at the set value. A digital regulator/indicator with a humidity transmitter, using a reversible electric motor and a threaded spindle, adjusts the distance between the moving plates, maintains the required amount of relative humidity in the drying chamber. The essence of this system is to heat the dry air with the recovered energy of the moist air, dry the tobacco with the most economical, installed, energy source that has the necessary energy, continuously supply energy to the dried air for drying, maintain the temperature and humidity at a set value during tobacco drying, maintain the required amount of air flow electronically by regulating the number of revolutions of the electric fan motor, wetting the dried tobacco with superheated steam, after drying. The energy of the sun delivered to the solar collectors is transferred to the heat accumulator and taken to the hot water-air heat exchanger for heating the moist air and drying the tobacco. When the temperature in the solar collectors for heating the drying air used to dry the tobacco is low, and higher than the temperature of the hot water heated by energy recovery using air-water and hot water-air heat exchangers, then the energy from the solar collectors is redirected to heat the dry air, which flows from the environment, through hot water-air heat exchangers, and before entering the plate heat recuperators, air-air. The advantages of this system are low energy consumption, high accuracy of maintaining the temperature of the drying air and humidity in the chamber where the tobacco is dried, moistening of the dried tobacco with superheated water vapor, a high degree of safety of the system during operation, reduction of environmental pollution to a minimum. The operation of this system results in very large energy savings. In the regions where tobacco is produced and dried, the time of direct and diffused solar radiation on the collectors is 36% of the total time of tobacco drying, energy saving by direct and diffused solar radiation during tobacco drying is 25%. The high-temperature air-water heat pump saves 66% by heating moist air. By recuperating the energy of moist air that is discharged into the environment, in the phase of moisture removal, 70% of the energy with a high energy potential is returned to the dry air that comes from the environment. The total energy saving using this system is 90%. The system refers to safer, more economical and more efficient drying of tobacco. Installed equipment for the use of solar energy using a collector, at the time when the wet product is not being dried, can be used for heating sanitary water. The high-temperature air-water heat pump, when the wet product is not being dried, can be used for heating sanitary water and for low-temperature heating of residential and commercial premises. The hot water boiler, which is installed outside the drying facility for drying wet products, can be used for heating sanitary water, residential or business premises in winter.

Short description of the pictures

The invention is described in detail by pictures in which:

Figure 1 – shows a side view of the chamber in which the energy system equipment is installed.

Figure 2 - shows a front view of the chamber in which the energy system equipment is installed and the position of the solar collectors.

Figure 3 – shows the horizontal section A – A, top view.

Figure 4 - shows the view along the longitudinal section B - B, which shows the air flow and the positions of the fans, high-temperature air-water heat pumps, hot water-air heat exchangers and blinds.

Figure 5 - shows a cross-sectional view C - C, showing the positions of the threaded spindle and the heat exchanger for heat recovery.

Figure 6 - shows a cross-sectional view D - D, in which the positions of the moving plates, rotary blinds, air-to-air plate heat recuperators, heat accumulator, water vapor boiler and electric fan motor can be seen.

Figure 7 – shows the diagram of the hydraulic connection of the heat source.

Figure 8 - shows the diagram of the hydraulic connection of the source for moistening.

Detailed description of the invention

Dryer 1 for drying tobacco consists of chamber 2 and chamber 3. The tobacco to be dried is strung and compacted in frames or in containers, placed in chamber 3. The structure of chamber 3 is the same as the chamber structure of dryers that are produced and delivered to the market today manufacturers of tobacco dryers, so it is not necessary to describe it further.

Tobacco drying takes place in the phase when moisture is not removed and in the phase when moisture is removed from the chamber 3 in which the tobacco is dried. In the stage when the moisture is not removed, the tobacco is yellowed. In the phase when the moisture is removed, the leaf color is fixed, the leaf blade and the main leaf veins are dried.

For drying, tobacco producers receive drying technologies from tobacco production and drying instructors, which are applied to tobacco of different maturity and position of the picked leaf from the tobacco stalk, therefore it is not necessary to further describe the technology and regimes of tobacco drying.

This invention also provides solutions that enable tobacco manufacturers to efficiently and reliably manage tobacco drying technologies of different maturity and position of the harvested leaf from the tobacco stem, in order to obtain the best possible quality of dried tobacco.

Figures 1 to 8 show the tobacco drying system. Energy sources are used for drying tobacco: the sun - radiation on solar collectors 4, high-temperature heat pumps 5 air-water and hot water boiler 6 on gas, heating oil, coal, wood, biomass or electricity. The hot water boiler 6 is located outside the drying facility 1, and the solar collectors 4 are located on the roof of the drying facility 1, oriented to the south. The rest of the equipment of the tobacco drying system is located in chamber 2 of dryer 1.

In the phase when the moisture is not removed, the tobacco is dried by one of the available installed energy sources. In the phase when moisture is removed, the tobacco is dried using one of the available installed energy sources and recovered energy. Recovered energy is obtained using plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 air-air, heat exchanger 9 air-water and heat exchangers 10 and 11 hot water-air as heat recuperators, by transferring the energy of moist air leaving the environment to dry air coming from the environment . The heat accumulator 12 accumulates energy from the solar collectors 4 at the time when the direct and diffuse radiation of solar energy reaches a temperature higher than the necessary temperature required for heating moist air. The heat accumulator 12 accumulates energy from the high-temperature air-water heat pump, if the temperature in the solar collectors is lower than the temperature required for heating moist air. Maintaining the hot water temperature at the set value in the heat accumulator 12 when the high-temperature heat pump 5 air-water is working is done using thermostats 13 and 14. The heat exchanger 15 hot water-air heats moist air with energy from the heat accumulator 12 if the temperature in the heat accumulator is 12 higher than the necessary temperature required for heating humid air, and if the temperature in the heat accumulator 12 is lower than the necessary temperature required for heating humid air, then the heat exchanger 15 hot water-air heats the humid air with the energy of the hot water boiler 6. Plate recuperators 7 and 8 air-air in the moisture removal phase, by removing the moist air from chamber 3, the energy of part of the moist air is transferred to the dry air coming from the environment into the drying system. Movable plates 16 and 17 placed above air-to-air plate recuperators 7 and 8, suspended from a smooth pipe 18 by moving and adjusting the mutual distance, let moist and fresh air through air-to-air plate recuperators 7 and 8. Rubber multi-layer seals 19 and 20 are installed on the moving plates, vertically placed, with a small gap to the plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 air-to-air, in order to prevent the passage of moist and dry air outside the open entrance to the plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 air-to-air. Moving plates 16 and 17 in the phase when moist air is not removed, close the passage of moist and dry air towards plate recuperators 7 and 8 air-to-air. The screw spindle 21 with left and right thread moves and adjusts the movable plates 16 and 17. The reversible electric motor 22 with a reducer, working in three points, through the chain transmission 23, rotates the screw spindle 21 with left and right thread. Digital moisture regulator/indicator and moisture transmitter, built into the electrical control cabinet 24, using a moisture sensor 25, a reversible electric motor 22 with a three-point reduction gear, a chain transmission 23, a threaded spindle 21 with left and right thread, adjusting the distance between the moving plates 16 and 17, maintains the required amount of relative humidity in chamber 3 for drying tobacco. Below the moving plates 16 and 17, on the frame of the plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 air-to-air, a tin frame 26 is placed in order to protect the surfaces of the frame of the plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 air-to-air from wear due to the movement of the moving plates 16 and 17. End switches 27 and 28 limit the movement of the movable plates 16 and 17 by turning off the operation of the reversible electric motor 22 with the reducer. The rotary shutter 29 regulates the amount of moist air flow towards the hot water-air heat exchanger 15 in order to maintain a constant pressure of moist air towards the plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 air-air during the removal of moisture from the chamber 3. Reversible electric motor starter 30 with a reducer, working in three points, it rotates the rotary shutter 29. A digital regulator/indicator and a differential pressure transmitter are installed in the electrical cabinet 31, connected by pipe lines with sensors 32 and 33, which, with the help of a reversible electric actuator 30, maintain the adjusted pressure of moist air in front of the plate recuperators 7 and 8 and the flow of moist and dry air through plate recuperators 7 and 8 air-to-air. The limit switch 28 by means of a reversible electric actuator 30 with a reducer, working in three points, will return the rotary blind 29 to the position of maximum flow of moist air from the channel 34 to the channel 35 and turn off the operation of the circulation pump 36, when no moist air is removed and no dry air is supplied . The limit switch 37 limits the minimum distance between the movable plates 16 and 17 by turning off the operation of the reversible electric motor 22 with the reducer. The air-water heat exchanger 9 and the hot water-air heat exchangers 10 and 11 by means of the pipe installation and circulation pump 36 will recover the remaining energy of the moist air after passing through the plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 air-air and transfer the energy to the dry air coming from environment, and before entering the plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 air-to-air. The circulation pump 36 is switched on by means of the end switch 28 at the moment of opening the flow of dry and part of moist air towards the plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 air-to-air. Circulation pump 38 continuously adds the required amount of energy to the hot water-air heat exchanger 15 via the electric motor three-point control valve 39, working in three points. Electromotoric three-arm regulation faucet 39, by working in three points, by reducing the energy supply to the heat exchanger 15 hot water-air, enables recirculation of hot water by circulating between the heat exchanger 15 hot water-air and electric motor three-arm regulation three-position faucet 39. Electric motor three-arm regulation faucet 39, by working in three points regulate the supply of energy to the heat exchanger 15 hot water-air. Adjusting and maintaining the temperature of the drying air at the set value is done using the temperature transmitter 40 and the temperature regulator/indicator, mounted in the electrical control cabinet 24, by acting on the electric motor of the three-point regulating valve 39, working in three points. The differential thermostat 41 controls the temperature difference in the heat accumulator 12 and in the hot water-air heat exchanger 15 using temperature sensors 42 and 43. If the temperature in the heat accumulator 12 is higher than the temperature in the hot water-air heat exchanger 15, the differential thermostat 41 will set the electric three-arm two-position faucet 44 in the position to use the energy from the heat accumulator 12, turn off the operation of the hot water boiler 6 and turn off the operation of the circulation pump 45, and if the temperature is not higher, it will set the electric motor three-arm two-position tap 44 in the position to use the energy of the hot water boiler 6, it will turn on the operation of the hot water boiler 6 and the operation of the circulation pump 45. The differential thermostat 46 controls the temperature difference using temperature sensors 47, 48 and 49 in solar collectors 4, in relation to the temperatures in heat exchanger 15 hot water-air and heat exchanger 9 air-water. If the temperature in the solar collectors 4 is higher than the temperature in the heat exchanger 15, the hot water-air differential thermostat 46 will turn off the operation of the high-temperature heat pump 5 air-water, which will automatically turn off the operation of the circulation pump 50, turn on the circulation pump 51 and the three-arm two-position electric motor set the tap 52 in the position so that the energy from the solar collectors 4 is transferred to the heat accumulator 12. If the temperature in the solar collectors 4 is lower than the temperature in the hot water-air heat exchanger 15, and higher than the temperature in the air-water heat exchanger 9, the differential the thermostat 46 will turn off the operation of the circulation pump 51, turn on the high-temperature heat pump 5 air-water, which automatically turns on the operation of the circulation pump 50, set the electric three-arm two-position faucet 52 in a position so that the energy from the high-temperature heat pump 5 air-water can be transferred to heat accumulator 12 and three-arm electric motor d set the valve 53 in the position so that the energy from the solar collectors 4 is transferred to the heat exchangers 10 and 11 hot water-air. When the temperature in the solar collectors 4 is lower than the temperature in the air-water heat exchanger 9, the differential thermostat 46 will set the electric three-arm two-position faucet 53 in a position to enable energy recovery by the air-water heat exchanger 9 - heat exchangers 10, 11 hot water - air. When the air-water heat pump 5 automatically turns off the operation of the circulation pump 50, at the same time, using the electromagnetic auxiliary switch installed in the electrical cabinet 31 and the reversible electric motor 103, it will close the shutters 102. If the temperature in the solar collectors 4 is lower than the temperature in the heat accumulator 12, the differential the thermostat 54, using sensors 55 and 56, will turn off the operation of the circulation pump 51, and if it is higher, it will turn on the operation of the circulation pump 51. Expansion of hot water and maintenance of the set pressure is made possible by closed expansion expansion vessels 57, 58 and 59, and the pipe installation and equipment with safety valves 60, 61 and 62 is protected against increased pressure. Pre-regulation valves 63, 64, and 65, bypass valves 66, 67, and 68, filling and emptying taps 69, 70, and 71 are installed in the pipe hot water installation, automatic air vents 72, 73, 74, 75, and 76 at the highest points. dirt traps 77, 78, and 79, pressure manometers 80 and 81 and thermometers 82, 83 and 84. By reducing the energy consumption of the hot water boiler 6, the recirculation of part of the hot water is enabled by the differential bypass valve 85. The heated fluid is boiler water if the dryers are installed in places in for which the minimum ambient temperature is higher than +2 oC, if the minimum ambient temperature is lower than +2 oC, then ethylene glycol is added to the boiler water in a percentage so that the heated fluid does not freeze at low temperatures. Forced air flow is achieved by means of a radial fan 86 driven by an electric motor 87 connected to each other by a cardan shaft 88. The amount of air flow to the set value is regulated by the number of revolutions of the electric motor 87. The number of revolutions of the electric motor 87 is regulated by an electronic frequency regulator mounted in the electrical cabinet 31, using a flow rate transmitter 89 of air and speed regulator/indicator, mounted in electrical cabinet 31. Radial fan 86, semi-circular sheet 91, perforated pipe 92, heat exchanger 15 hot water-air are installed in vertical rectangular channel 90. Above the vertical rectangular channel 90, air-air plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 are installed, supported on a support 93 that lies on the side of the vertical rectangular channel 90. air through plate heat recuperators 7 and 8 air-to-air moving plates 16 and 17. The tin frame 26 closes the gap between the air-to-air plate heat recuperators 7 and 8. Moist air from chamber 3 passes through opening 94 between chambers 2 and 3 and flows into channel 34. In the phase of not removing moisture, moist air flows from channel 34 into channel 35, passes through heat exchanger 15 hot water-air and becomes drying air. In the moisture removal phase, a part of the moist air from the channel 34 flows through the channel 35 to the hot water-air heat exchanger 15, and the part between the moving plates 16 and 17 through the plate recuperators 7 and 8 air-air and through the air-water heat exchanger 9 into the channel 95. Moist air that transferred most of the heat to dry air using the heat recuperator becomes air of increased relative humidity in duct 95. Part of the air of increased relative humidity from duct 95 flows through ducts 96 and 97 through the protective net 98 into the environment, and part through inclined duct 99. according to the high temperature heat pump 5 air-water. A semi-circular sheet 100 is installed in the channel 96 for accepting condensate from moist air, and the condensate is drained into the environment using a pipe 101. Blinds 102 are installed in the oblique channel 99, which regulate the discharge of part of the air with increased relative humidity to the high-temperature heat pump 5 air-water by a reversible electric motor 103 with a reducer. In the phase when the moisture is removed from the chamber 3, in the inclined channel 104, which is open on the upper and lower sides, air of increased relative humidity from the inclined channel 99 mixes with dry air from the environment and becomes the primary air of the high-temperature heat pump 5 air-water . Temperature regulation to the set value of the primary air of the high-temperature heat pump 5, in the phase when moisture is removed, is performed by the electronic regulator/indicator of the primary air built into the electrical cabinet 31 and the temperature transmitter 105 by means of the reversible electric motor 103 with a reducer. In the phase when the moisture is not removed, the primary air of the high-temperature heat pump 5 is dry air that is supplied from the environment through the fixed shutters 106 and 107, through the inclined channel 104, which is open on the upper and lower sides. In the moisture removal phase, dry air from the environment enters through fixed louvers 108 and 109, flows through channels 110 and 111, passes through hot water-air exchangers 10 and 11, flows through channels 112 and 113, between moving plates 16 and 17, through plate recuperators heats 7 and 8 air-air into channel 35 and mixes with part of the moist air and becomes mixed air. The mixed air flows through the hot water-air heat exchanger 15 and becomes drying air. The drying air using the radial fan 86, which enables forced air flow, flows through the channel 114, passes through the perforated floor 115, enters the chamber 3, passes between the tobacco leaves, dehumidifying it, becomes moist air and flows towards the opening 94 between the chambers 2 and 3 into the channel 34. A filter mesh 116 is installed between chambers 2 and 3 in the opening 94. In order to be able to humidify the tobacco, the ridged two-position switch installed in the electrical control cabinet 24 should be set to the position of humidifying the tobacco, and after finishing the humidification of the tobacco, return it to the position of drying the tobacco . The ridged two-position switch, which is built into the electrical control cabinet 24, redirects the action of the digital humidity regulator/indicator, built into the electrical control cabinet 24, by means of the microprocessor 25 for moisture from three-position action when drying tobacco to two-position action of moistening tobacco using the thermostat 117. The tobacco is moistened with superheated water vapor , which is produced in the boiler 118 as saturated water vapor by the electric heater 119. The level controller 120 maintains the water level in the boiler 118 and allows the electric heater 119 to be constantly in water. When the water level is below the set value, the level regulator 120 will open the electromagnetic valve 121 and allow pressurized water to enter the boiler 118, and when the set level is reached, the level regulator 120 will close the electromagnetic valve 121 and cut off the water supply to the boiler 118. Thermostat 122 includes the operation of the electric heater 119 at the set value of the water vapor temperature. The limit thermostat 123 will turn off the operation of the electric heater 119 if the set temperature in the water heater 118 is exceeded. The electric heater 119 heats the water to the set value, which evaporates, increases the pressure in the water heater 118, in which there is hot water in the lower zone, and water vapor in the upper zone. . Water vapor is prepared for humidification when the set temperature of water vapor in the boiler 118 is reached. At the moment when the temperature of the water vapor in the boiler 118 is reached, based on the digital humidity regulator/indicator built into the electrical control cabinet 24, by means of the microprocessor 25 for humidity which requests an increase in air humidity to the set value, using the thermostat 117 and the electromagnetic valve 124, water vapor will be released from the boiler 118. When the water vapor passes through the electromagnetic valve 124 and the pipe 125, it expands by reducing the pressure and using the perforated pipe 92, which lets the superheated steam through. humidifies the air in channel 35. The air, by means of the radial fan 86, which enables forced flow, enters the vertical rectangular channel 90, is moistened with superheated water vapor, flows through the channel 114, passes through the perforated floor 115, enters the chamber 3, passes between the tobacco leaves, moistens the tobacco, passes through the opening 94 between chambers 2 and 3, flows through channel 34 and 35 towards rectangular channel 90 and continues circulation. When the set air humidity is reached or when the temperature in the boiler 118 is lower than the set one, air humidification will be stopped, and the air humidification cycle will be repeated until the required tobacco humidity. The semi-circular sheet 91, during tobacco humidification, drains the steam condensate into the environment through the pipe 126. The expansion vessel 127 enables the expansion of the liquid in the installation and maintains the working pressure, and the safety valve 128 protects the installation from increased pressure. The tobacco humidification pipe installation has a non-return valve 129, a regulator water inlet pressure 130, dirt trap 131, bypass valve 132, pressure gauge 133, thermometer 134 and pre-regulation valve 135.

Claims (1)

1. The energy system for drying wet products is located in the object of the dryer (1), which consists of a chamber (3), in which wet products are dried, where with the help of a radial fan (86), the drying air flowing through the channel (114) passes through the perforated floor (115), enters the chamber (3), flows through the moist product, from which it takes away moisture by transferring heat, becomes moist and as moist air passes through the opening (94), enters the chamber (2) in which the energy equipment is located, indicated by , that the system contains movable plates (16) and (17), placed above air-to-air plate recuperators (7) and (8), suspended from a smooth tube (18) by moving and adjusting the distance between them, they let moist and fresh air through the plate recuperators ( 7) and (8); that the system contains a threaded spindle (21) with a left and right thread that moves and adjusts the movable plates (16) and (17); that the system contains a reversible electric motor (22) with a reducer, which operates in three points, via a chain transmission (23), which rotates the threaded spindle (21); that the system contains a digital moisture regulator/indicator and a moisture transmitter built into the electrical control cabinet (24) using a moisture sensor (25), a reversible electric motor (22) with a reducer, a chain transmission (23), a threaded spindle (21), by adjusting the mutual distance of moving plates (16) and (17), maintains the required amount of relative humidity in the chamber (3) for drying tobacco. [image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image] [image]