GR20170200053U - Closed-circuit turbine arrangement for power generation - Google Patents

Abstract

Novelty: a closed-circuit turbine arrangement exploiting thermal loads released to the environment by machines operating on cooling cycle is disclosed. Constitution: the invented renewable energy system is composed of the evaporation chamber 1 where the fluid is heated up by the thermal energy 6 via the heat exchanger 5 and expanded at the entry of the gas turbine 3, causing the rotation of the turbines’ shaft; it has also the condenser 2 where the fluid is cooled via the cooling system 7 and forwarded via the pump 4, in condensed form, to the heat exchanger 5. Purpose: to exploit thermal low-temperature loads serving so far solely for the heating of usage water and spaces; to produce energy from thermal loads released in the environment by machines operating on cooling cycle (air conditioning systems, refrigerators, heat pumps etc) at whatever time, season and place.

Description

Closed loop turbine arrangement for power generation.

The closed-circuit turbine arrangement, hereinafter referred to as the DCC, concerns the creation of a machine, which will reverse the cooling cycle so that by giving heat to the appropriate fluid medium, we will produce kinetic energy in the turbine, where we will exploit it as we wish in each case.

Until today, the thermal energy presented in the form of low temperatures, could not offer man anything more than the heating of his space and water. Even nowadays, all the refrigeration machines that offer people cooling (refrigerator, air conditioner or heat pump), expel from their condenser large amounts of thermal energy, which thermal energy if we do not take advantage of it to heat our water and space , then we simply release it needlessly into the environment.

A brief description of the already known refrigerating machines will help us understand the purpose of the DKKS. A refrigerating machine simply transfers heat from one point to another, so always in the evaporator we have heat absorption equal to Q1, in the compressor performance of mechanical work that you convert into thermal energy equal to Q2 and in the condenser heat rejection equal to Q1+Q2=Q3 . That is, to remove thermal energy from a point (so as to create cooling), we use energy, and the totality of this energy is removed, without any use in the environment. This happens because the temperature of the condenser in a refrigerating machine does not exceed 90c°, which results in the difficulty of exploiting it for anything more than space and water heating.

At this point, DKKS comes up with a solution because it exploits this thermal waste for the purpose of clean energy production.

The DKKS does not have an exclusive operating relationship with a refrigeration machine, it can take advantage of any thermal load that presents itself in the form of low temperatures and is deemed unsuitable for exploitation for any other known energy production method. Nevertheless, in the case of a heat pump or a modern refrigerating machine for the production of cooling in chambers, the cooperation with the DKKS is considered very attractive since it was considered by the inventor, that this cooperation can reach the level of energy autonomy, even the production excess energy.

An already known method of energy production is also that of the steam turbine, where thermal energy is channeled into the medium (water) and due to its heating we create high pressure in a boiler which you release in the turbine engine, resulting in its rotation and consequently the production of energy. In the case of the thermal loads presented in the condenser of a refrigerating machine, this method cannot offer anything, because the operating temperature of the steam turbine exceeds 500C°. In a similar manner, the DCS exploits these loads as follows.

The main feature of the DKKS circuit is that it works strictly closed to avoid leakage of the medium we will use, with two main heat exchange parts, the first is the evaporation chamber (I) where it is the point where we provide the thermal energy in question (6) in our system and the second is the condensing element (2) where we remove the heat (7) of the medium from the system to achieve the desired pressure drop. By creating in a system two points with different temperatures and at the same time different pressures, then the system trying to balance creates gas movement from the point with high pressure to the point with low pressure. Keeping the points with the temperature difference and simultaneously pressure in the system, then we create a cycle of gas movement. On the basis of this theory and by continuously feeding the evaporation chamber with the colder condensed medium received from the end of the condenser, we maintain a continuous and uninterrupted flow with a sufficiently high pressure, thus placing a turbine (3), at the end of the evaporation chamber, we produce on its axis the desired kinetic energy for its exploitation as the case may be. To transmit the heat to the exhaust chamber we use a high efficiency heat exchanger (5), while for the continuous supply of the exhaust chamber with fluid to be heated, we use a pump (4) that moves either autonomously or with direct drive from the turbine engine shaft DKKS.

The medium we will use could not be water, the temperature at which the system operates is too low to affect the state of the water, however many of the new technology refrigerants present extremely large temperature pressure curves resulting in a sharp increase their pressure for a small temperature change and to have a large enough pressure difference between the two aforementioned main parts.

The environment where the device will operate also defines the refrigerant we will use. This is done for the correct operation of the arrangement under any climatic condition, since what we are looking for is the pressure difference between the two parts, regardless of whether this has been caused by heat in the conventional sense of the term (perceived by humans) or in the broad meaning of the term heat, since -1C<0> is much warmer than -50C°.

Consider for example a heat pump that works for domestic heating and cooling, with a coefficient of performance (cop) of 5, that works for space heating and consumes electrical energy W equal to Q, to transfer thermal energy 4Q so it will channel into the space heat nearly equal to 5Q. Instead we channel the 5Q heat into the exhaust chamber of the CHP where based on the operation of the invention and the degree of efficiency of the turbine (≥40%), we will produce electricity equal to 2Q and excess heat in the condenser equal to 3Q. Thus we achieve excess energy production, 2Q-Q=Q and space heating 3Q. In the case of space cooling, we have a better performance since the heat we remove from the space is equal to 4Q. which remains as is.

The purpose of the invention is the exploitation of the thermal energy emitted into the environment by all machines operating on the basis of the Sadi Carnot cycle, but also the exploitation of any thermal load that does not need any other exploitation by humans and in the end is emitted into the environment unnecessarily.

Claims (5)

CLAIMS 1. Turbine closed circuit arrangement, comprising the following elements, exhaust chamber (1), gas turbine (3), condenser (2), where we channel thermal energy to produce kinetic energy. A closed circuit device according to claim 1, which is fluid operated which has the same or similar thermodynamic characteristics as those of refrigerants media used in machines operating on the basis of refrigerant circle. 4. A closed circuit arrangement according to claim 3, wherein you achieve forced rotation of the turbine, due to the forced flow of the fluid medium from point (1) to point (2) thereby imparting rotary motion on the turbine shaft to be used as needed. 5. A device according to claim 4, wherein it cooperates with a base-operated machine the refrigeration cycle, in order to produce electrical or kinetic energy from the environment regardless of time, geographical area and season. 3. Exhaust chamber (1) used in closed circuit arrangement according to claim 1 and has geometrical features that help to optimize flow and acceleration of the fluid after it is heated by the exchanger heat (5).