GR1009841B - Internal combustion engine with elliptic wheels - Google Patents

Abstract

In the M.E.K.E.T, a different way of converting the reciprocating motion into a rotational one is applied. The piston (26) is integrated with two elliptical KOT (1), (2) which are also mutually integrated in a parallel position. They oscillate on guides and free space (15), (16), (17 exists in their geometric center. At the periphery of the KOT (1), (2) there are moving two pairs of DOT (35, 36) and (37, 38), one pair per KOT. Each pair is attached to its own arm (33), (34) and each arm is integrated to its own axle (27), (28). The axles are homocentric, seated on the bearings (29), (30), (31), rotating in the free space (15), (16), (17) of the K.O.T (1), (2) and having direction from the geometric center of one KOT to the geometric center of the other. At the piston’s reciprocation (26), the KOT (1), (2) urge the DOT (35, 36), (37, 38) to drive on the KOT, each on its own trajectory, entraining the arms (33), (34) and OA (27), (28) in rotational motion. The reverse is also true; namely, when the OA (27), (28) rotate, they entrain the arms (33), (34) and they in turn entrain the DOT (35, 36), (37, 38) which urge the KOT (1), (2) and the piston in reciprocating motion.

Description

Elliptical wheel internal combustion engine

DESCRIPTION

The present invention is an Internal Combustion Engine (IEC), in which a different way of converting the reciprocating movement of the piston, from reciprocating to rotary, is applied, from the previously known IEC.

The known, basic, so far way of converting the reciprocating movement of the piston,

a) With piston and crankshaft and

b) Rod - yoke - pushrod - crankshaft

have a basic disadvantage of some negative forces, for the degree of efficiency of the M.E.K. and are exercised on the piston and on the zygoma. The disadvantages are as follows:

In the (a) case, of small and medium low M.E.K. forces, and during the combustion-expansion times mainly, but also during the compression phase, with the action of the exhaust gases or air on the piston and the reaction of the pusher, a negative constitutive force is created (in terms of the M.E.K. performance).

In (b) case, for M.E.K. of large sub-forces, with rod - zygoma - rectifiers - pusher, a negative force is also created, a derivative of forces, rod and pusher.

In both of the aforementioned cases, this negative force is applied laterally (with respect to the vertical axis of the piston) to the piston and laterally of the zygoma (with respect to the vertical axis of the zygoma) to the zygoma. The result is that the piston is pressed against the sleeve, and the yoke against the guides respectively.

Consequently, in both (a) case and (b) case, we have unwanted friction - overheating, the result of which is damage, deformations in pistons, springs, sleeves, zygomas, rectifiers, certainly a reduction in the efficiency of the M.E.K. . and in order to limit, as far as possible, all of these, the use of more lubricants is required.

The Elliptical Wheel Internal Combustion Engine (M.E.K.E.T.) consists of two Mainly Toothed Wheels, (1), (2), Figure 1, with the main characteristic of these wheels not being circular, but elliptical in shape , their characteristic is shown in Figure 2, (47). They are identical in shape - weight - material and are fixed together in a block with links (3), (4), Figure 1, Figure 3, in a position parallel to each other and at different levels. Their movement is not rotary, but reciprocating. They fall back on directives (5), (6), Figure 2, in a way that will be explained in the next paragraph. Apart from the peculiarity of the elliptical shape, each of the two Mainly Toothed Wheels (K.O.T.), (1), (2), has several more particularities, such as not being supported on a central axis (as long as it does not rotate), the teeth (1), (2), Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, of each C.O.T., have relatively large width, thickness and height, with peaks (7), (8) of teeth and intermediate spaces, particularly blunted, to distribute pressures over larger surfaces (one of the main roles of toothing), Figure 2. They are also supported - reinforced from their sides (not from their bottom) by two rims (9), (10), and (13), (14), Figure 1, Figure 3, parallel to each other, in such a way as to form a "double tau" ( H ) Figure 3, for additional strengths. The toothing is structurally one, but it is used internally and externally (from two sides), so in essence we have two toothed wheels in each C.O.T., in such a way that the top (7), Figure 2, each internal tooth to be a base (8), Figure 2, for the immediately following outer tooth. In other words, each K.O.T. (1), (2), Figure 1, Figure 2, has two orbits integrated into one, thus additionally achieving the same length of inner and outer orbit interval. In Figure 3, they are shown in Section A-B and A'-B', the two K.O.T. and more specifically the serrations (1) with the rims (9), (10) and the serrations (2) with the rims (13), (14). The two parallel rims (according to K.O.T.) follow the same elliptical shape of the serrations. The two closest to each other (10), (13), Figure 3, rims of each C.O.T., have a greater height than the two extreme ones (9), (14), Figure 3, leaving space free (15), (16), (17), Figure 2 and Figure 3, again in elliptical shape. The support of each of the K.O.T. is made only of the higher rims (10), (13), Figure 3, with arms (18), (19), (20), (21), Figure 2, which are fixed radially to each one separately and which end in rectangular frame (KLMN), Figure 2. This rectangular frame (KLMN) can be reciprocated in two directions (5), (6), Figure 2, which are on either side of the frame, on the two longest sides of (K, L) and (M,N). By extension, the (individual) K.O.T. can regress together with its frame (since it is embedded), consequently and since the two K.O.T. are fixed together, in a block with links (3), (4), Figure 1, Figure 3, appropriate, the retraction of the first (1) is also the retraction of the second (2), the second one also moves in pair of its own vertices, which are parallel to the first (1). At the upper extreme points (23), (24), Figure 1, of the K.O.T. the rod (25) of the piston (26) of the M.E.K. is supported. E.T.MA. From the free space (elliptical shape) (17), (16), (15), Figure 2, Figure 3, left by the two K.O.T. (1), (2), two concentric axes (OA) pass through (27), (28), Figure 1, Figure 2, one perforated (28) and one solid (27) (one inside the other) . The elliptical space (15), (16), (17), Figure 2, Figure 3 is sufficient to allow the return of piston (26) and K.O.T. (1), (2) and the rotation of O.A. (27), (28) which are firmly established. O.A. (27), (28), have a direction from the geometric center of a K.O.T. to the geometric center of the other. They are mounted, on one side, on the common bearing (29), Figure 1 and on the other, the perforated one (28), on the bearing (30), Figure 1, and the solid one (27), on the bearing (31), Figure 1. The movement or stopping of each axis (27), (28) is a function of the other, they must always move in the opposite direction to each other and with the same number of revolutions. This is achieved with a gear box (32), Figure (1). The catalytic role of the gear box is at Top Dead Center (TDC) O', Bottom Dead Center (CDC) I' and points Z, T (through the K.O. T.). On the axes (27), (28), there are two flywheels (44), (45), Figure 1, which ensure the smooth rotation of the O.A. (27), (28) in the entire 360° circle, but particularly at the points O, Z, Θ, H, with the accumulation of energy from the productive phase of combustion - expansion and giving it to non-productive phases. On the O.A. (27), (28), Fig. 1, Fig. 2, are fixed arms (33), (34), Fig. 1, Fig. 2, to the drilled shaft (28), the arm (34), Fig. 1, to the solid (27), the arm (33), Figure 1. On the arm (34), there is a counterweight (49), and on the arm (33), a counterweight (50), as compensation for the weight of the piston, rod, K.O .T. and rectangular frames. At the ends of each arm (33), (34), there is a pair of Secondary Gears (DOT), of circular shape (35,36), for the arm (33) and (37,38), for the arm (34), Figure 1, Figure 2. D.O.T. they have the same teeth as the C.O.T., because they orbit on them. OL D.O.T. (35,36), (37,38) are fixed on one side with pins (39,40) and (41,42) to the two arms (33), (34) respectively, Figure 1, Figure 2. Each pair D.O .T. engages with one of the C.O.T., with one of the pair, on the internal toothing (7) and one on the external (8), Figure 2. So each pair of C.O.T. to roll in his own K.O.T.

The operation of this whole arrangement is in the following order:

In Figure 2, the piston (26) is located. shortly after K.N.S. with an upward movement, as shown by the arrow, to start the compression phase. The energy required during the compression phase comes from the kinetic energy of the flywheels (44), (45), Figure 1. As the flywheels rotate, the O.A. (27), (28). They, in turn, rotate the arms (33), (34) respectively, in a direction as shown by the arched arrows, Figure 2 and force the internal D.O.T. (36), (37), to roll in opposite directions, each in its own internal, elliptical orbit of the K.O.T. (1), (2), Figure 1, Figure 2, pushing them from the inside out and forcing them to move in the piston-rod vertical direction and from bottom to top (like the arrow). Consequently, the rod (25) and the piston (26) are displaced and the compression phase begins. The active role of D.O.T. (36), (37), are in this phase, from point O to points Z, O, at the same time, from point O to points Z, Θ, the external D.O.T. (35), (38), play an auxiliary role, i.e. a holding role only. But then, from points Z, O to point H, the roles of D.O.T. are reversed. That is, the arms (33), (34), continuing with the same direction, their circular course, drag this time, the external D.O.T. (35), (38), to roll in the outer orbits of the K.O.T. (1), (2), each in its own orbit. And this rolling, parallel to the lateral pressure from the outside to the inside, lasts until point H and expels the K.O.T. (1), (2), continue to move upwards, dragging rod (25) and piston (26), continuing the compression phase. From points Z, O, to point H, the internal D.O.T. (36), (37), have an auxiliary role, simply holding. At point H, all four D.O.T. meet, there the compression phase has been completed. The O.A. (27), (28), have rotated 180° and the piston (26) is on the A.N.S. Then, the combustion-expansion phase begins, the piston (26) from the A.N.S. begins to descend and pushes bactro and K.O.T. down, so the external D.O.T. (35), (38), pressed by the K.O.T. from the inside to the outside, they are pushed to roll in their outer orbit, up to the points Z, Θ, entraining the arms (33), (34) and the O.A. (27), (28), in circular movement of the same direction of the compression phase.

From point H to the middle (points Z, Θ), the internal D.O.T. (36), (37), have an auxiliary role, simply holding. From points Z, Θ to point O, the roles change again. the internal D.O.T. (36), (37), are pressed by the internal toothing from the outside to the inside of the K.O.T. (1), (2), so they necessarily orbit on it, dragging arms (33), (34) and O.A. (27), (28), in circular motion until the internal D.O.T. (36), (37), reach point O and complete a 360° turn. At this point, the piston is at the C.N.S. of its path and this whole cycle repeats itself.

During the previous movement, from points Z, Θ to point O, the external D.O.T. (35), (38) have an auxiliary role, simply holding. This entire mechanism, piston (26), rod (25), C.O.T. (1), (2), O.A. (27), (28), arms (33), (34), D.O.T. (35,36), (37,38), pins (39,40), (41,42), guide rails (5), (6), move in a sealed lubricated area, at the bottom of which, there is an oil pan (46 ) to retain the lubricants, Figure 2.

ABBREVIATIONS:

Claims (9)

1. Elliptical Wheel Internal Combustion Engine consists. from the sleeve (48), within which the piston (26) reciprocates, on which the rod (25) is fixed. Two identical elliptical Mainly Toothed Wheels (1), (2) are fixed on the shaft (25), fixed together with links (3), (4), in a parallel position and at different levels. Each Main Gear (1), (2), is placed inside a rectangular frame (KLMN) and is integrated with it, with radial arms (18), (19), (20), (21). The two large sides of the rectangular frame (KL), (MN) can slide and at the same time be held by guides (5), (6), allowing the Main Gears (1), (2) to perform only reciprocating movement , each at their own risk. 2. Elliptical Gear Internal Combustion Engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the toothing of each Main Gear (1), (2) is double-sided integrated into one, i.e. internal and external, with the same length of external and internal spacing orbit, in such a way that the apex (7) of each internal denticle is a base (8) for the immediately following external denticle, with denticles of relatively large thickness, width and height and with apexes and bases particularly blunt. Fixing - reinforcement of the toothing of each Main Gear (1), (2), is done from its sides, with two parallel rings (9,10), (13,14), respectively, forming a "double tau" ( H ) cross-section. The rims (9,10), (13,14) have an elliptical shape, following the elliptical shape of the teeth (1), (2), leaving a free space towards their geometric center, (15), (16), (17), again elliptical in shape. 3. Elliptical Gear Internal Combustion Engine according to claim 2, characterized in that two concentric axes (27) pass through the free space (15), (16), (17) of the Main Gears (1), (2) ), (28), i.e. a perforated (28) and a solid (27). The shaft (27) passes inside (28), their direction is from the geometric center of the Main Gear (1) to the geometric center of the Main Gear (2). The rotation of the shaft (27) is necessarily opposite to the rotation of the shaft (28) and with the same number of turns both shafts. These are secured by a gear box (32). The concentric shafts are mounted on one side in the common bearing (29) and on the other, the perforated shaft (28) in the bearing (30), and the solid shaft (27) in the bearing (31). The perforated shaft (28) has a flywheel (45), and the solid shaft (27) has a flywheel (44). 4. Elliptical Wheel Internal Combustion Engine according to claim 3, characterized in that on each concentric axis (27), (28), arms are fixed, on (27) the arm (33), on (28) the arm (34) ). In the arm (33), there is a counterweight (50) and in the arm (34), there is a counterweight (49). In the arm (33), there are two Secondary Gears, circular in shape, the wheel (35) fixed with the pin (39) KL the wheel (36), fixed with the pin (40). And in the arm (34), there are two Secondary Toothed Wheels, circular in shape, the wheel (38) fixed with the pin (41) and the wheel (37) fixed with the pin (42). 5. Elliptical Gear Internal Combustion Engine according to claims 1, 2, 4, characterized in that the Secondary Gear (35), of the arm (33), engages with the external toothing of the Main Gear (1). The Secondary Gear (36), of the arm (33), meshes with the internal gearing of the Main Gear (1). The Secondary Gear (38), of the arm (34), meshes with the external gearing of the Main Gear (2). The Secondary Gear (37), of the arm (34), meshes with the internal gearing of the Main Gear (2). 6. Elliptical Wheel Internal Combustion Engine according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, characterized in that the entire operation starting from the injection-combustion-expansion phase, the piston (26) is located at Top Dead Point, and the Secondary Sprockets (35), (36), (37), (38), at the bottom point Х of the Main Sprockets (1), (2) and the combustion - expansion phase begins. The piston (26), from the Top Dead Center, begins to descend, pushing the cam (25) and the Main Gears (1), (2) downwards. Consequently, the external Secondary Gears (35), (38), pressed (from the inside out) by the Main Gears (1), (2), are forced to roll in their outer orbit, in the opposite direction from each other, up to points Z, Θ, entraining the arms (33), (34) and by extension also the axes (27), (28), in a circular motion, again in the opposite direction, the axis (27 ) from the shaft (28). At points Z, Θ, axes (27), (28) have recorded a 90° rotation. At the same time, the internal secondary gears, (36), (37), have an auxiliary role, simply holding their pairs. When the Secondary Gears (35), (36), (37), (38) are at points Z, Θ, the piston (26) and the Main Gears (1), (2) are at half of their route. 7. Elliptical Gear Internal Combustion Engine according to claim 6, characterized in that the piston (26) continues to descend, continuing to push the Main Gears (1), (2) down, with the result that they are now pushed ( from the outside to the inside) the internal Secondary Gears (36), (37), to roll in the internal orbit of the Main Gears (1), (2), entraining the arms (33), (34) and the shafts (27), (28), in continuation of the same rotary movement, and again in the opposite direction (27) from (28), until the piston (26) reaches the Bottom Dead Center and the Secondary Gears Wheels (35), (36), (37), (38), at the highest point D'. From points Z, Θ, to point O', the external Secondary Gears (35), (38), have an auxiliary role, simply holding their pairs, and the shafts (27), (28) have undergone a rotation of 180 °. 8. Elliptical Wheel Internal Combustion Engine according to claim 7, characterized in that the shafts (27), (28) continue to rotate in the same direction, from the kinetic energy accumulated in the flywheels (44), (45) , from the combustion-expansion phase, entraining the arms (33), (34) and the internal Secondary Gears (36), (37), to roll in the internal orbit of the Main Gears (1), (2) , with the same time as they had during the previous phase of the expansion, pushing them radially and from the inside out, to points Z, Θ, pushing them to perform a movement. The above movement has the direction of the longitudinal axis of the piston (26), rod (25) and direction from the Bottom Dead Center to the Top Dead Center, entraining the piston (26) to move towards the Top Dead Center. When the internal Secondary Gears reach points Z, Θ, the axes (27), (28) have rotated 270°, and the piston (26) is located. halfway up, rising. From point D' to points Z, Θ, the external Secondary Gears (35), (38) have an auxiliary role, simply holding their pairs. 9. Elliptical Wheel Internal Combustion Engine according to claim 8, characterized in that, subsequently, rotating and at the same time by the accumulated energy of the flywheels (44), (45), the shafts (27), (28) dragging them arms (33), (34), force the outer Secondary Gears (35), (38) to orbit in the outer orbit of the Main Gears (1), (2), pushing them from the outside inwards, pushing them to continue their upward movement. This movement is transferred to the rod (25) and piston (26). The thrust of the external Secondary Gears (35), (38) lasts until they reach the bottom point Υ'. From points Z, Θ, to point H, the internal Secondary Gears (36), (37), have an auxiliary role, simply holding their pairs. When all four Secondary Gears (35, 36, 37, 38), are at point Х', the shafts (27), (28), have completed 360° rotation, then the piston (26) is at Top Dead Center , from where all the operational phases of the Elliptical Wheel Internal Combustion Engine started and have been completed.