GB986090A - Process and apparatus for the catalytic cracking of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons for the production of high calorific value gases more particularly town gas - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for the catalytic cracking of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons for the production of high calorific value gases more particularly town gas

Info

Publication number
GB986090A
GB986090A GB4549663A GB4549663A GB986090A GB 986090 A GB986090 A GB 986090A GB 4549663 A GB4549663 A GB 4549663A GB 4549663 A GB4549663 A GB 4549663A GB 986090 A GB986090 A GB 986090A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
gas
zone
cracking
steam
effluent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB4549663A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heinrich Koppers GmbH
Original Assignee
Heinrich Koppers GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heinrich Koppers GmbH filed Critical Heinrich Koppers GmbH
Publication of GB986090A publication Critical patent/GB986090A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C10K3/06—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by mixing with gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G11/10—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with stationary catalyst bed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G11/20—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert heated gases or vapours
    • C10G11/22—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0211—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a non-catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0216—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a non-catalytic reforming step containing a non-catalytic steam reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0244—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being an autothermal reforming step, e.g. secondary reforming processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0838—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel
    • C01B2203/0844—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel the non-combustive exothermic reaction being another reforming reaction as defined in groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/0294
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
    • C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1247—Higher hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
    • C01B2203/142—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
    • C01B2203/143—Three or more reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/80—Aspect of integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas not covered by groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/1695
    • C01B2203/82—Several process steps of C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/08 integrated into a single apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

<PICT:0986090/C4-C5/1> Town gas containing a reduced carbon monoxide content is produced by a process in which the hydrocarbon feedstock (liquid gas, refinery residue gas, gasoline, Diesel oils) is initially converted with steam in a pre-cracking zone to form a gas mixture consisting of predominantly low molecular weight hydrocarbons, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide and this mixture is divided into two component streams (a) and (b) of which (a) is cracked, optionally with added air, in a main cracking zone, to form water gas whose CO content is reduced by partial conversion with steam to carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and (b) is added, substantially unchanged, to the converted water gas before this leaves the main cracking tube. The steam for conversion is preferably mixed with the feedstock in advance of the pre-cracking zone, together with the steam required in the latter; the process may be performed at normal or at elevated pressure. In the accompanying Figure a cracking furnace is composed of pre-cracking zone 7, main cracking zone 13, conversion zone 14 and mixing chamber 9, while apertures 15 at the bottom of zone 7 provide access to internal bore 8 of cracking tube 3 which by-passes zones 13 and 14. Hydrocarbon feedstock and steam, preferably preheated, is fed at 5 and is heated by passage through 7. One component of the effluent from 7 escapes through 15, passes down through 8 and reaches chamber 9 without further change of composition. The remaining gas effluent from 7 may be mixed with air from 11 to 9 cracked in zone 13, which is fitted with catalyst, e.g. nickel. The gas product of cracking passes to zone 14 which effects at least partial conversion of CO to CO2 by means of e.g. an iron catalyst. Effluent from 14 is then mixed with the unchanged product from 7 in mixing chamber 9 to produce a gas having the calorific value and density characteristic of town gas.
GB4549663A 1962-12-11 1963-11-18 Process and apparatus for the catalytic cracking of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons for the production of high calorific value gases more particularly town gas Expired GB986090A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEK48433A DE1199918B (en) 1962-12-11 1962-12-11 Method and device for generating gases with a high calorific value, in particular town gas, by splitting gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB986090A true GB986090A (en) 1965-03-17

Family

ID=7224923

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB4549663A Expired GB986090A (en) 1962-12-11 1963-11-18 Process and apparatus for the catalytic cracking of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons for the production of high calorific value gases more particularly town gas

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1199918B (en)
GB (1) GB986090A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2222096A (en) * 1988-04-12 1990-02-28 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Reactor for reforming hydrocarbon and process for reforming hydrocarbon
GB2257981A (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-01-27 Inst Francais Du Petrole Synthesis gas manufacature

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT165284B (en) * 1946-05-21 1950-02-10 Ernst Dipl Ing Nausch Process for the production of a gas that complies with the guidelines for town gases from heavy residual oil (Pacura) and water vapor
FR1018179A (en) * 1950-05-19 1952-12-29 Azote Office Nat Ind Process for upgrading liquid hydrocarbons
DE1021121B (en) * 1955-06-07 1957-12-19 Max Gerhold Dipl Ing Dr Techn Process for the thermal-catalytic conversion of high and high molecular weight, gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons into gases consisting essentially of low molecular weight carbon compounds and hydrogen

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2222096A (en) * 1988-04-12 1990-02-28 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Reactor for reforming hydrocarbon and process for reforming hydrocarbon
GB2222096B (en) * 1988-04-12 1991-12-18 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Reactor for reforming hydrocarbon and process for reforming hydrocarbon
US5112578A (en) * 1988-04-12 1992-05-12 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. Reactor for reforming hydrocarbon and process for reforming hydrocarbon
GB2257981A (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-01-27 Inst Francais Du Petrole Synthesis gas manufacature
AU650766B2 (en) * 1991-07-18 1994-06-30 Institut Francais Du Petrole Process and device for manufacturing synthesis gas and application
GB2257981B (en) * 1991-07-18 1995-06-21 Inst Francais Du Petrole Process and device for manufacturing synthesis gas and application

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1199918B (en) 1965-09-02

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