GB937494A - Acylation of pulp and manufacture of paper therefrom useful in photography - Google Patents
Acylation of pulp and manufacture of paper therefrom useful in photographyInfo
- Publication number
- GB937494A GB937494A GB1091/60A GB109160A GB937494A GB 937494 A GB937494 A GB 937494A GB 1091/60 A GB1091/60 A GB 1091/60A GB 109160 A GB109160 A GB 109160A GB 937494 A GB937494 A GB 937494A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- acid
- weight
- water
- bath
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B3/00—Preparation of cellulose esters of organic acids
- C08B3/08—Preparation of cellulose esters of organic acids of monobasic organic acids with three or more carbon atoms, e.g. propionate or butyrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B3/00—Preparation of cellulose esters of organic acids
- C08B3/06—Cellulose acetate, e.g. mono-acetate, di-acetate or tri-acetate
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
- D21H11/16—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only modified by a particular after-treatment
- D21H11/20—Chemically or biochemically modified fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/71—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes
- D21H17/72—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes of organic material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/775—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/17—Ketenes, e.g. ketene dimers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
- D21H17/28—Starch
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
- D21H17/44—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups cationic
- D21H17/45—Nitrogen-containing groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Wood pulp is acylated by impregnation with an aliphatic acid having from 2-4 carbon atoms containing water in a proportion of not more than 15% by weight based on the total weight of the acid and water, the impregnated wood pulp is then immersed in at least 20 parts by weight, based on the dry weight of the pulp, of a bath comprising at least 25% by weight of the anhydride of an aliphatic acid having from 2-4 carbon atoms, an aliphatic acid and a catalyst which will not combine with the pulp and the bath is maintained at a temperature or temperatures below 35 DEG C. until the pulp has an acetyl content of from 15 to 25% by weight, based on the weight of the acylated pulp, or the equivalent content of another acyl group having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, the proportion of catalyst in the bath being such that said temperature or temperatures can be maintained. The pulp may be kraft wood pulp, preferably bleached, having a tear value above 5 and an initial cuprammonium intrinsic viscosity of at least 5, determined at 25 DEG C. in a cuprammonium liquid containing 3\sB0,05 gms. Cu, 16,05\sB0,1 gms. NH3 and approximately 1 gm. sugar, all per 100 ml. solution. Acylation of such a pulp may be effected to an acetyl content of 20% by weight. The impregnated pulp, after removal of excess of the aqueous aliphatic acid, may contain 0,6-1 parts by weight of the acid per part by weight of dry pulp. Each aliphatic acid is preferably acetic acid, but acylation with other fatty acyl radicals containing 3 or 4 carbon atoms, e.g. propionyl or butyryl, may be effected in the same way. Desirably, the bath contains 30-84% by weight, especially 50-53%, of acetic anhydride, and from 20-50 parts by weight of the bath, based on the dry weight of the pulp, are employed, the bath also containing 0,45-1,6% by weight of sulphoacetic acid as catalyst. Other specified catalysts include phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, methane sulphonic acid, methane trisulphonic acid, phenol sulphonic acid and phenol trisulphonic acid. The pulp may be impregnated by soaking the pulp sheet directly in the aqueous aliphatic acid, suitably containing 5% by weight of water, based on the total weight of acid and water, and then removing excess acid. Alternatively, the pulp may be impregnated with the aliphatic acid containing water by first slushing in water and then soaking with the aliphatic acid in anhydrous form until sufficient water is displaced from the pulp to reduce the weight of water in the total weight of acid and water in the pulp to 15% or less. The temperature of the bath before immersion of the pulp may be 13 DEG -16 DEG C., and during the acylation may be held at 17 DEG -25 DEG C. After acylation, sodium acetate may be added to the bath to neutralize acid catalyst before separating the acylated pulp therefrom. The acylated pulp may be separated from the acylation bath and then either washed with water, or sprayed with acetic acid and washed with water containing a weak alkali. The acylated pulp, containing if desired up to 25% of its dry weight of unacylated wood pulp, may be used in the manufacture of paper (see Group VIII), especially for use as a photographic support. Specifications 724,827, 858,060, U.S.A. Specifications 2,992,156 and 3,057,755 are referred to.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US78604159A | 1959-01-12 | 1959-01-12 | |
US78604259A | 1959-01-12 | 1959-01-12 | |
US78604559A | 1959-01-12 | 1959-01-12 | |
US81702559A | 1959-06-01 | 1959-06-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB937494A true GB937494A (en) | 1963-09-25 |
Family
ID=27505765
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1091/60A Expired GB937494A (en) | 1959-01-12 | 1960-01-12 | Acylation of pulp and manufacture of paper therefrom useful in photography |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE586431A (en) |
FR (1) | FR1244859A (en) |
GB (1) | GB937494A (en) |
-
0
- BE BE586431D patent/BE586431A/xx unknown
-
1960
- 1960-01-11 FR FR815374A patent/FR1244859A/en not_active Expired
- 1960-01-12 GB GB1091/60A patent/GB937494A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE586431A (en) | |
FR1244859A (en) | 1960-10-28 |
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