GB773999A - Improvements in or relating to improved mineral-base lubricating oils and methods for using same - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to improved mineral-base lubricating oils and methods for using same

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Publication number
GB773999A
GB773999A GB20433/54A GB2043354A GB773999A GB 773999 A GB773999 A GB 773999A GB 20433/54 A GB20433/54 A GB 20433/54A GB 2043354 A GB2043354 A GB 2043354A GB 773999 A GB773999 A GB 773999A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
esters
petroleum
oils
lubricating
lubricating oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB20433/54A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
Original Assignee
Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Esso Research and Engineering Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Exxon Research and Engineering Co, Esso Research and Engineering Co filed Critical Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Publication of GB773999A publication Critical patent/GB773999A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M167/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M165/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
    • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
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    • C10M2205/22—Alkylation reaction products with aromatic type compounds, e.g. Friedel-crafts
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    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/30—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/304—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monohydroxy compounds, dihydroxy compounds and dicarboxylic acids only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
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    • C10M2219/088—Neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
    • C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/108—Phenothiazine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/12—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of organic compounds, e.g. with PxSy, PxSyHal or PxOy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2225/04—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of macromolecualr compounds not containing phosphorus in the monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2225/04—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of macromolecualr compounds not containing phosphorus in the monomers
    • C10M2225/041—Hydrocarbon polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/14—Group 7
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10

Abstract

A lubricating composition which when employed as the lubricant in an internal combustion engine, has little tendency to produce combustion chamber deposits which contribute to an increase in the octane number requirement of the gasoline fuel employed, comprises a major proportion of mineral lubricating oil and a minor proportion of one or more of the additives listed below, the total composition having a resinification index (i.e. the proportion of solid combustion residue as determined by a specified procedure) of less than 20 mg./5 gms. The additives are oil-soluble viscosity index improvers, detergents or oxidation inhibitors chosen from (1) polyolefins having a molecular weight above 5,000; (2) phosphosulphurized hydrocarbons which may have been treated to reduce acidity; (3) metal petroleum sulphonates; (4) metal salts of alkyl phenolsulphides; (5) metal dialkyl phosphates or thiophosphates and (6) polymers of esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids. Ingredient (1) may be a polymerized C3-C5 olefin or a polyalkylstyrene, while ingredient (2) may be produced by the action of a phosphorus sulphide or other combination of phosphoros and sulphur or a paraffin, an olefin or olefin polymer, a naphthene, or aromatic hydrocarbon, a terpene, a hydrocarbon resin or a petroleum lubricating oil. The acidity of the phosphosulphurized material may be reduced by estrification (e.g. by reaction with esters, alcohols or phenols), by neutralization (e.g. by reaction with basic metallic compounds, ammonic or organic nitrogen bases) or by reaction with such materials as olefins (e.g. diisobutylene) or dipentene. Neutralization may be followed or preceded by treatment with steam. Ingredient (6) may be a polymerized ester of methacrylic acid or a fumarate-vinyl-acetate copolymer. The mineral lubricating oil may be a refined petroleum distillate and/or a refined cycle stock obtained from the catalytic cracking of a petroleum fraction. Other lubricating oils may be present in the lubricating composition, for example synthetic hydrocarbon oils (e.g. polymerized olefins and oils obtained from coal or shale or from the reaction between hydrogen and oxides of carbon), ester oils (e.g. complex esters, and esters formed between monohydric alcohols and dicarboxylic acids, particularly di - 2 - ethyl - hexyl sebacate and di-C8 oxo alcohol sebacate), polyalkylene oxide oils, complex formals, and mercaptals and their esters. The lubricating compositions may contain additional ingredients such as pour point depressants (e.g. chlorinated wax-naphthalene condensation products and polymers and copolymers of unsaturated esters), anti-rust agents (e.g. partial esters of polyhydroxy compounds such as oleates of sorbitan or polyglycerols, esters of the trimer of ricinoleic acid, alkyl phosphoric acids and acid phosphates), dyes, oiliness agents, plasticizers, defoamers and extreme pressure agents. The lubricating compositions are preferably employed in engines burning a gasoline having a resinification index below 40 mg./200 gms. Such a gasoline may be formulated from two or more of straight raw petroleum distillates, alkylates (prepared by the alkylation of olefins with isoparaffins), hydroformed or reformed gasolines, and catalytically cracked naphthas. The gasoline may also contain lead tetraethyl, scavenging agents, antioxidants, gum inhibitors, solvent oils, rust inhibitors and metal deactivators. Suitable scavengers are ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, hexachlorobutadiene, dibromoxylenes, dibromotoluenes and 2, 4 dichlorotoluene. In the examples, lubricating compositions are described which consist of (a) refined petroleum lubricating oil distillate and polyisobutene (molecular weight about 15,000), with or without P2S5-treated polybutene or the guanidine potassium, or barium salt of P2S5-treated polybutene, or a blend of P2S5-treated alpha-pinene and the guanidine or barium salt of P2S5-treated polybutene; (b) refined petroleum lubricating oil distillate and a polymerized C0-C10 alcohol ester of methacrylic acid; (c) refined petroleum lubricating oil distillate, P2Sn-treated alpha-pinene, mixed calcium and barium salts of tert.-octyl phenolsulphide and alkaline calcium petroleum sulphonate and (d) cycle stock from the catalytic cracking of gas oil and polyisobutene (moleculear weight about 15,000). In further examples, gasoline compositions are described consisting of isopentane, catalytic and virgin naphthas and tetraethyl lead, together with either a blend of ethylene bromide with ethylene chloride or a mixture of monobromoxylenes.
GB20433/54A 1953-08-19 1954-07-13 Improvements in or relating to improved mineral-base lubricating oils and methods for using same Expired GB773999A (en)

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US375137A US2849398A (en) 1953-08-19 1953-08-19 Mineral-base lubricating oils and methods for using same

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DE1035299B (en) 1958-07-31
FR1124444A (en) 1956-10-12

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