GB760499A - Improvements in or relating to heating element composition - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to heating element composition

Info

Publication number
GB760499A
GB760499A GB3309/54A GB330954A GB760499A GB 760499 A GB760499 A GB 760499A GB 3309/54 A GB3309/54 A GB 3309/54A GB 330954 A GB330954 A GB 330954A GB 760499 A GB760499 A GB 760499A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
mixture
urea
epoxy resin
formaldehyde
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB3309/54A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ELECTROFILM Inc
Original Assignee
ELECTROFILM Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ELECTROFILM Inc filed Critical ELECTROFILM Inc
Publication of GB760499A publication Critical patent/GB760499A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
    • H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/38—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes condensation products of aldehydes with amines or amides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/06—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base
    • H01C17/065—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base by thick film techniques, e.g. serigraphy
    • H01C17/06506—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits
    • H01C17/06573—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the permanent binder
    • H01C17/06586—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the permanent binder composed of organic material

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

A heating element composition comprises a mixture of finely-divided electrically-conductive metal particles and a thermosetting binder composed of a urea- or melamine-formaldehyde resin together with an epoxy resin derived from a polyhydric phenol and an epihalohydrin or its equivalent, which is free from functional groups other than epoxide and hydroxyl groups. The metal particles are preferably in flake form and are predominantly under 40, preferably under 10, microns. Suitable metals are silver, aluminium, chromium, copper and nickel, and they may be in the range of about 3 to 80 parts to between 20 to 50 parts of the resins. Other less conductive particles are also generally included, these being of graphite and metal oxides such as antimony oxide. The proportions of resins may be from 6 to 9 of epoxy resin to from 2 to 4 of formaldehyde resin. The mixture is deposited by spraying the composition thinned with a solvent such as dioxane, toluene, xylene, methyl isobutyl carbinol and methyl isobutyl ketone. After spraying, the coating is heated to about 350 DEG F. so that the resins become completely polymerized. In the production of the element, a base layer may be applied to the surface of the body which is to carry the heating film, and this layer comprises a mixture of an epoxy resin as described above which has been esterified with a long-chain fatty acid, e.g. coconut or dehydrated castor fatty acid, together with a urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde or melamine-modified urea-formresin, and, if desired, pigments such as vermiculite, mica and antimony oxide. This composition is applied in the same way as the heating film composition. A final coating may also be applied consisting of a mixture of an esterified epoxy resin and a urea-formaldehyde resin. Specification 718,161 is referred to.
GB3309/54A 1953-09-03 1954-02-04 Improvements in or relating to heating element composition Expired GB760499A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US378334A US2825702A (en) 1953-09-03 1953-09-03 Heating elements in film form

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB760499A true GB760499A (en) 1956-10-31

Family

ID=23492713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB3309/54A Expired GB760499A (en) 1953-09-03 1954-02-04 Improvements in or relating to heating element composition

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2825702A (en)
GB (1) GB760499A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2490056A1 (en) * 1980-09-05 1982-03-12 Bonato Mario Electrically powered heating panel - uses medium resistivity material on heat and electrically insulating base with electric insulator covering to provide uniform heat
US4545926A (en) * 1980-04-21 1985-10-08 Raychem Corporation Conductive polymer compositions and devices
US5378407A (en) * 1992-06-05 1995-01-03 Raychem Corporation Conductive polymer composition

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3066180A (en) * 1957-04-06 1962-11-27 Asea Ab Coating for equalizing the potential gradient along the surface of an electric insulation
US3278455A (en) * 1962-01-30 1966-10-11 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrically conductive resin compositions and articles coated therewith
US3173885A (en) * 1962-07-11 1965-03-16 Du Pont Resistor composition
US3597720A (en) * 1969-09-05 1971-08-03 Gulf & Western Ind Prod Co Wiper arm and potentiometer comprising the same
US3686139A (en) * 1970-03-10 1972-08-22 Globe Union Inc Resistive coating compositions and resistor elements produced therefrom
DE2720615C2 (en) * 1977-05-07 1983-04-07 Preh, Elektrofeinmechanische Werke, Jakob Preh, Nachf. Gmbh & Co, 8740 Bad Neustadt Process for the production of a composite electrical layer resistor
US4250398A (en) * 1978-03-03 1981-02-10 Delphic Research Laboratories, Inc. Solid state electrically conductive laminate
EP0143660A3 (en) * 1983-12-01 1986-01-29 Electro Materials Corp. Of America Resistors, methods of forming said resistors, and articles comprising said resistors
JPS6248001A (en) * 1985-08-27 1987-03-02 住友電気工業株式会社 Manufacture of electric resistance element
DE3833555C1 (en) * 1988-10-03 1989-11-23 Preh-Werke Gmbh & Co Kg, 8740 Bad Neustadt, De
US7220947B2 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-05-22 Global Heating Solutions, Inc. Pipe heater
US20140069540A1 (en) * 2012-09-11 2014-03-13 Jean Renee Chesnais Wrappable sleeve with heating elements and methods of use and construction thereof

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1872581A (en) * 1930-03-17 1932-08-16 Continental Diamond Fibre Co Resistor material and method of making the same
US2177484A (en) * 1935-03-23 1939-10-24 Mallory & Co Inc P R Resistance device
GB490232A (en) * 1936-02-11 1938-08-11 Steatit Magnesia Ag Method of giving ceramic material a coating of metal
US2386095A (en) * 1944-02-18 1945-10-02 Du Pont Heating device
US2528360A (en) * 1946-04-10 1950-10-31 Devoe & Raynolds Co Epoxide resin compositions
US2559077A (en) * 1946-07-01 1951-07-03 Carl G Westerberg Resistance element and method of preparing same
US2472801A (en) * 1947-05-06 1949-06-14 Morris L Barfield Temperature-stable molded resistor
US2692321A (en) * 1950-12-15 1954-10-19 William M Hicks Resistor
US2679569A (en) * 1951-08-25 1954-05-25 Electrofilm Corp Electrically conductive film

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4545926A (en) * 1980-04-21 1985-10-08 Raychem Corporation Conductive polymer compositions and devices
FR2490056A1 (en) * 1980-09-05 1982-03-12 Bonato Mario Electrically powered heating panel - uses medium resistivity material on heat and electrically insulating base with electric insulator covering to provide uniform heat
US5378407A (en) * 1992-06-05 1995-01-03 Raychem Corporation Conductive polymer composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US2825702A (en) 1958-03-04

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