GB743866A - Improvements in or relating to hollow particles - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to hollow particlesInfo
- Publication number
- GB743866A GB743866A GB1315053A GB1315053A GB743866A GB 743866 A GB743866 A GB 743866A GB 1315053 A GB1315053 A GB 1315053A GB 1315053 A GB1315053 A GB 1315053A GB 743866 A GB743866 A GB 743866A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- forming
- latent
- film
- hollow particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title abstract 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229960000510 ammonia Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229940077445 dimethyl ether Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 229940117927 ethylene oxide Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012628 flowing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010055615 Zein Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- AVMNFQHJOOYCAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;propanoic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCC(O)=O AVMNFQHJOOYCAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/32—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Gas-filled hollow particles are formed from film-forming material by a process which includes sub-dividing into individual droplets a solution comprising a volatile solvent having dissolved therein film-forming material and a latent gas material, and subjecting the droplets to a drying temperature at which the solvent is volatilized at a rate to form a tough, gas-impervious surface skin coincident with particle formation, and the latent gas material is converted into a gas, whereby gas liberated within said forming particle is trapped by the surface skin within the space thereof, thus forming particles having a continuous hole-free-skin surface. Specified film-forming materials are polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, polystyrene, polyvinylidene chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene, polyamide resins, alkyds, polysiloxane, phenolformaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate-butyrate, acetate-propionate, xanthate, cuprammonium cellulose, methyl and ethyl cellulose, soybean protein, zein protein and alginates. The latent gas material may be a dissolved gas, e.g. ammonia, methyl chloride, dimethyl ether, ethylene oxide, methylamine, methyl bromide, dimethylamine or carbon dioxide or a substance which is decomposed at drying temperatures with formation of a gas, a large number of the usual flowing agents being specified for this purpose. Specified solvents are water, alcohols, ethers, esters, organic acids, hydrocarbons, and chlorinated hydrocarbons. In general, the film-forming material in solution is spray dried. The product may be used as insulating material or as a filler for such articles as linoleum and floor tiles or as aggregate for concrete or plaster. The particles may be adhered together either by softening under pressure or by using a binder to form rigid or non-rigid materials and may then be used as the core of three-ply laminates. They may also be used as compressible lubricants when bonded with polyethylene, oils and greases.ALSO:Hollow particles are formed from sodium aluminate or silicate by a process which includes subdividing into individual droplets a solution comprising a volatile solvent having dissolved therein the aluminate or silicate and a latent gas material and subjecting the drops to a drying temperature at which the solvent is volatilized at a rate to form a tough, gas-impervious surface skin coincident with particle formation, and the latent gas mixture is converted into a gas, whereby gas liberated within said forming particle is trapped by the surface skin thus forming particles having a continuous hole-free skin surface. The latent gas material may be a dissolved gas, e.g. ammonia, methyl chloride, dimethyl ether, ethyleneoxide methyl amine, methyl bromide, dimethyl amine or carbon dioxide or a substance which is decomposed of drying temperatures with formation of a gas, a large number of the usual flowing agents being specified for this purpose. Specified solvents are water, alcohols, ethers, esters, organic acids, hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons. In general the aluminate or silicate in solution is sprayed. The product may be used as insulating materialALSO:Cements and plasters incorporate hollow particles formed from film-forming material by subdividing into individual droplets a solution of the film-forming material in a volatile solvent and a latent gas material and subjecting the drops to a drying temperature at which the solvent is volatilized at a rate to form a gas-impervious surface skin and then the latent gas material gasified, this gas being trapped by the surface skin. In examples: (1) one part of Portland cement and from 3 to 9 parts of hollow particles made from phenol-formaldehyde or polyvinyl alcohol resin, with, if desired, a small proportion of sand were mixed and used to make light-weight concrete; (2) one part fibrous gypsum plaster and from 2-4 parts phenol-formaldehyde resin hollow particles were used to produce light-weight plaster.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1315053A GB743866A (en) | 1953-05-11 | 1953-05-11 | Improvements in or relating to hollow particles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1315053A GB743866A (en) | 1953-05-11 | 1953-05-11 | Improvements in or relating to hollow particles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB743866A true GB743866A (en) | 1956-01-25 |
Family
ID=10017788
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1315053A Expired GB743866A (en) | 1953-05-11 | 1953-05-11 | Improvements in or relating to hollow particles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB743866A (en) |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3432579A (en) * | 1966-07-11 | 1969-03-11 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Process for producing low-density pellets from slurries containing film-forming materials |
| WO2002031032A1 (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2002-04-18 | Agrolinz Melamin Gmbh | Syntactic aminoplast foams |
| WO2002077050A1 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-10-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Discrete microcavity particles having a flexible wall structure |
| GB2398296A (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-18 | Bj Services Co | Cement containing a polymer encapsulated expandable material |
| US7543642B2 (en) | 2003-01-24 | 2009-06-09 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Cement compositions containing flexible, compressible beads and methods of cementing in subterranean formations |
| US7651563B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2010-01-26 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Synthetic microspheres and methods of making same |
| US7658794B2 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2010-02-09 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Fiber cement building materials with low density additives |
| US7744689B2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2010-06-29 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Alkali resistant glass compositions |
| US7897534B2 (en) | 2003-10-29 | 2011-03-01 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Manufacture and use of engineered carbide and nitride composites |
| US7993570B2 (en) | 2002-10-07 | 2011-08-09 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Durable medium-density fibre cement composite |
| US7998571B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2011-08-16 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Composite cement article incorporating a powder coating and methods of making same |
| US8209927B2 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2012-07-03 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Structural fiber cement building materials |
| US8609244B2 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2013-12-17 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Engineered low-density heterogeneous microparticles and methods and formulations for producing the microparticles |
| US20140175322A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | Georgia-Pacific Gypsum Llc | Building materials, compositions, and methods |
| US8993462B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2015-03-31 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Surface sealed reinforced building element |
| US9499975B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2016-11-22 | Georgia-Pacific Gypsum Llc | Building materials, compositions, and methods |
| CN106140039A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of melamine resin hollow microsphere and its preparation method and application |
-
1953
- 1953-05-11 GB GB1315053A patent/GB743866A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3432579A (en) * | 1966-07-11 | 1969-03-11 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Process for producing low-density pellets from slurries containing film-forming materials |
| US7658794B2 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2010-02-09 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Fiber cement building materials with low density additives |
| US8603239B2 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2013-12-10 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Fiber cement building materials with low density additives |
| US8182606B2 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2012-05-22 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Fiber cement building materials with low density additives |
| US7727329B2 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2010-06-01 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Fiber cement building materials with low density additives |
| WO2002031032A1 (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2002-04-18 | Agrolinz Melamin Gmbh | Syntactic aminoplast foams |
| WO2002077050A1 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-10-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Discrete microcavity particles having a flexible wall structure |
| US7878026B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2011-02-01 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Synthetic microspheres and methods of making same |
| US7666505B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2010-02-23 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Synthetic microspheres comprising aluminosilicate and methods of making same |
| US7651563B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2010-01-26 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Synthetic microspheres and methods of making same |
| US7993570B2 (en) | 2002-10-07 | 2011-08-09 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Durable medium-density fibre cement composite |
| GB2398296B (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2007-04-25 | Bj Services Co | Polymer shell encapsulated gas as a cement expansion additive |
| GB2398296A (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-18 | Bj Services Co | Cement containing a polymer encapsulated expandable material |
| US7494544B2 (en) | 2003-01-23 | 2009-02-24 | Bj Services Company | Polymer shell encapsulated gas as a cement expansion additive |
| US7543642B2 (en) | 2003-01-24 | 2009-06-09 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Cement compositions containing flexible, compressible beads and methods of cementing in subterranean formations |
| US7897534B2 (en) | 2003-10-29 | 2011-03-01 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Manufacture and use of engineered carbide and nitride composites |
| US7998571B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2011-08-16 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Composite cement article incorporating a powder coating and methods of making same |
| US7744689B2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2010-06-29 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Alkali resistant glass compositions |
| US8609244B2 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2013-12-17 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Engineered low-density heterogeneous microparticles and methods and formulations for producing the microparticles |
| US8993462B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2015-03-31 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Surface sealed reinforced building element |
| US8209927B2 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2012-07-03 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Structural fiber cement building materials |
| US20140175322A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | Georgia-Pacific Gypsum Llc | Building materials, compositions, and methods |
| US9157242B2 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-10-13 | Georgia-Pacific Gypsum Llc | Building materials, compositions, and methods |
| US9499975B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2016-11-22 | Georgia-Pacific Gypsum Llc | Building materials, compositions, and methods |
| CN106140039A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of melamine resin hollow microsphere and its preparation method and application |
| CN106140039B (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2019-07-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of melamine resin hollow microsphere and its preparation method and application |
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