GB603238A - An improved lubricant, and manufacture of addition agents therefor - Google Patents

An improved lubricant, and manufacture of addition agents therefor

Info

Publication number
GB603238A
GB603238A GB15491/45A GB1549145A GB603238A GB 603238 A GB603238 A GB 603238A GB 15491/45 A GB15491/45 A GB 15491/45A GB 1549145 A GB1549145 A GB 1549145A GB 603238 A GB603238 A GB 603238A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
oil
alcohols
alcohol
metal
calcium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB15491/45A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Standard Oil Development Co
Original Assignee
Standard Oil Development Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US564546A priority Critical patent/US2467176A/en
Application filed by Standard Oil Development Co filed Critical Standard Oil Development Co
Priority to GB15491/45A priority patent/GB603238A/en
Priority to FR914579D priority patent/FR914579A/en
Publication of GB603238A publication Critical patent/GB603238A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12—Reaction products
    • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
    • C10M159/24—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
    • C07C309/62—Sulfonated fats, oils or waxes of undetermined constitution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
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    • C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
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    • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
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    • C10M2205/20—Natural rubber; Natural resins
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/08—Aldehydes; Ketones
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/28—Esters
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/082—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type monocarboxylic
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    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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    • C10M2211/044—Acids; Salts or esters thereof
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
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    • C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
    • C10N2060/04—Oxidation, e.g. ozonisation
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    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives

Abstract

The preparation of complex salts suitable for use as detergent additives for lubricants, particularly motor oils, comprises mixing an alkaline earth metal salt of a mahogany sulphonic acid in the presence of mineral oil and water, with an alkaline earth metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, and heating the resultant mixture until it has become substantially dehydrated. All the alkaline earth metal compounds may be calcium compounds and 0.02 to 5.0 per cent by weight of the additive may be dissolved in a mineral lubricating oil. Other additives of the detergent type such as metal soaps, metal phenates metal alcoholates, metal phenol sulphides, metal organo phosphates, thiophosphates, phosphites, and thiophosphites, metal sulphonates, metal thiocarbamates, metal xanthates and thioxanthates may also be present. Examples of such addition agents are: barium tert.-octyl phenol sulphide, cobalt tert.-amyl phenol sulphide, tin salt of paraffin wax alkylated phenol sulphide, magnesium cetyl phenate, nickel oleate, calcium dichlorostearate, aluminium-calcium mixed soap of fatty acids from oxidation of petroleum fractions, calcium isohexadecyl phenol sulphonate, barium octadecylate, calcium phenyl stearate, nickel dibutyl dithio carbamate, nickel amyl xanthate, zinc salt of salicylic acid sulphide octyl ester, barium salt of bis-(2,4-diamylphenol)-4-amylphenol dithioether, reaction product of calcium tert.-octyl phenol sulphide and sulphur, reaction product of barium tert.-octyl phenate and phosphorus pentasulphide, and barium 2-stearoyl-4-amyl phenol sulphide. In an example, mineral lubricating oil is treated with concentrated to fuming sulphuric acid, the acid-treated oil neutralized with sodium carbonate or hydroxide, preferably in aqueous solution, the water-soluble sodium sulphonate drawn off, the neutralized oil extracted with alcohol, the alcohol separated from the sodium sulphonates, the sodium sulphonates dissolved in oil, the resulting oil solution emulsified with 20-100 per cent excess of 15-25 per cent calcium chloride solution, 0.3 to 1.5 per cent of hydrated lime added, and the resultant mixture heated to remove water and filtered. Apart from synthetic detergents other types of additives may be used in conjunction with the sulphonate complexes, for example, dyes, pour depressors, heat thickened fatty oils, sulphurized fatty oils, antioxidants, thickeners, viscosity index improvers, oiliness agents, resins, rubber, olefine polymers, voltolized fats, voltolized mineral oils and/or voltolized waxes, and colloidal solids such as graphite or zinc oxide. Specific examples of such as co-additives include dibenzyl disulphide, sulphurized sperm oil, voltolized sperm oil, phenyl alpha naphthylamine, polyisobutylene, polymerized lauryl methacrylate, diamyl trisulphide, sulphurized paraffin wax olefines, tricresyl phosphate, 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-methyl phenol, and the reaction product of phenol with sulphur chloride treated diisobutylene. Solvents and solubilizing agents such as esters, ketones, alcohols or aldehydes may also be employed, particularly the higher alcohols having eight or more carbon atoms and preferably 12 to 20 carbon atoms. The alcohols may be saturated straight and branched chain aliphatic alcohols such as octyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, or heptadecyl alcohol; the corresponding olefinic alcohols such as oleyl alcohol, arylic alcohols, such as naphthenic alcohols; and aryl substituted alkyl alcohols, such as phenyl octyl alcohol, or octadecyl benzyl alcohol. Mixtures of alcohols may be employed and the alcohols may be pure or substantially pure synthetic alcohols or mixtures of alcohols prepared by the oxidation of petroleum products such as paraffin wax or petrolatum. Certain mixed naturally occurring alcohols such as those obtainable from wool fat or sperm oil may be used or wool fat or sperm oil itself.ALSO:Oil-soluble complex salts suitable for use as detergent additives in internal-combustion engine lubricating oils and possibly of the nature of Werner co-ordination compounds, are obtained by mixing an oil-soluble alkaline earth metal salt of a mahogany petroleum sulphonic acid in the presence of mineral oil and water, with an alkaline earth metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, and heating the resultant mixture until it has become substantially dehydrated. In an example, an unrefined solvent extracted distillate mineral lubricating oil is treated with concentrated to fuming sulphuric acid, the acid-treated oil neutralized with an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate or hydroxide, the solution of water-soluble sodium sulphonates drawn off, and the oil-soluble sodium sulphonates ("mahogany soaps") extracted from the neutralized oil with alcohol, the alcohol removed, the residual sulphonates dissolved in mineral lubricating oil, the resulting oil solution emulsified with 20-100 per cent excess of 15-25 per cent calcium chloride solution, 0.3 to 1.5 per cent of hydrated lime added, and the resultant mixture heated to remove water and filtered.
GB15491/45A 1944-11-21 1945-06-18 An improved lubricant, and manufacture of addition agents therefor Expired GB603238A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US564546A US2467176A (en) 1944-11-21 1944-11-21 Lubricant addition agents
GB15491/45A GB603238A (en) 1945-06-18 1945-06-18 An improved lubricant, and manufacture of addition agents therefor
FR914579D FR914579A (en) 1945-06-18 1945-09-18 Lubricant additive

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GB15491/45A GB603238A (en) 1945-06-18 1945-06-18 An improved lubricant, and manufacture of addition agents therefor

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FR (1) FR914579A (en)
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US2467176A (en) 1949-04-12
FR914579A (en) 1946-10-11

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