GB416024A - Improvements in or relating to processes and apparatus for producing a combustible mixture of liquid or colloidal fuel and air - Google Patents

Abstract

416,024. Generating combustion products under pressure. MAINA, J., 35, Maybury Mansions, Marylebone Street, London. Feb. 3, 1933, Nos. 3299 and 20924. [Class 51 (i).] A gaseous explosive mixture for use in internal-combustion engines and burners is produced by (1) highly compressing a substantially inert gaseous fluid so as to raise it to a temperature higher than that at which the heaviest vaporizable constituents of the liquid or colloidal fuel are vaporized ; (2) injecting the said fuel, in a highly dispersed state, into the highly compressed and highly heated gaseous fluid, as near as possible at the highest attainable pressure and temperature of the said fluid thereby forming a non-explosive gaseous mixture and (3) adding air, which may be compressed and heated, in proportions to form an explosive and ignitible mixture. Water or steam may be added at any stage of the process. Nitrogen may be used as the inert gas, but as applied to an engine, the exhaust is used, and a petrol carburetter may be used at starting. A compressor 2, Fig. 1, driven by an independent motor, is fed with hot exhaust gases at 3, the compressed gases being delivered through pipe 2<1>, Fig. 2, into a vaporizing chamber 5<a> surrounded by an exhaust jacket 5b fuel being forced by a pump 4 through a nozzle 4<1> into the chamber 5<a> in a highly atomized state. The mixture of inert gases and fuel escapes past a valve 6 and is conveyed by a pipe 7, Fig. 1, to an annular passage 8 around a Venturi tube 10 to the throat of which it passes through apertures 9. Mixing then takes place with air admitted at 12 and the explosive mixture so formed passes the throttle valve 11 to the engine. At starting, a petrolair mixture may be admitted from a carburetter 12<a>, the change-over being effected by a valve 13. The throttle valve 11 is interconnected with a throttle 11<a> and also with a throttle 15 in the gas passage 7. In a modification, the fuel is injected by the pump directly into the cylinder of the gas compressor. In a further modification, Fig. 4, particularly applicable to burners, the fuel is injected either into the cylinder 2 or the vaporizing chamber 5 which is provided with an independent heating device 5d. The mixture escapes past a valve 17 into a pipe 18 whence it flows into a chamber 19 and then through orifices 30 into a Venturi tube 23 through which air is drawn. The outlet orifice of the pipe 18 is controlled by a valve 26, 25 attached to a spring-loaded piston 24 actuated by the depression in the air passage 20 transmitted through duct 21. In a still further modification, the mixture of hot gases and fuel is conveyed to a nozzle discharging at the throat of a Venturi tube, the inlet to the nozzle being controlled by a valve coupled to an automatic valve in the outlet passage which latter valve is forced to its seat and also closes the nozzle valve in the event of a backfire.