GB390218A - Improvements in the treatment of fibrous materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Organic fibrous materials such as textiles or leather are treated with aqueous solutions containing amines or ammonium bases having at least one alkyl or cycloalkyl radicle with at least eight carbon atoms and at least one double bond, or water soluble salts thereof. The wetting, cleansing and dispersing properties of the aqueous treatment liquids are improved by the said amines &c. which may also used for softening fabrics, e.g. artificial silk and leather, and as levelling agents. They may be used alone or with the usual washing, wetting and emulsifying agents, e.g. inorganic or organic soluble salts and acids, perborates, vegetable mucilages, gums, glue and solvents such as cyclohexanone, trichlorethylene, benzylalcohol and ethyleneglycolmonocresylether. By emulsifying paraffin wax or olive oil by means of the amines &c., oiling agents for textiles are obtained. The amines, which may contain hydroxy groups, may be used in alkaline or acid baths, e.g. carbonizing baths. The following salts of the amines are mentioned: hydrochlorides, sulphates, nitrates, acetates, lactates and formates. In examples: (1) a bath for scouring wool contains a mixture of the hydrochlorides of the secondary and tertiary bases obtained as bye-product when monooleylamine is warmed with crude dimethylsulphate; the bye-product is obtained by extracting the reaction mixture with ether after adding water and caustic soda and removing the excess dimethylsulphate: (2) an emulsion suitable for degreasing is obtained by adding cyclohexanol to an aqueous solution of oleylamine lactate or acetate: (3) a carbonizing bath is prepared by adding to sulphuric acid, monooleyltrimethylammonium sulphate, e.g. the main product of the reaction referred to in example (1), or the sulphate of the quaternary base obtained by warming dimethylsulphate with the hydrochloride of N-oleyl-N-diethylethylenediamine (obtained from oleylamine and o -chlortriethylamine): (4) olive oil is emulsified with oleyl-N-trimethylammonium sulphate and water: (5) a substitute for saponines having a high foaming power is prepared from the hydrochloride of diethylchlorethylamine and heptadecyleneamine (obtained by saponification of heptadecyleneisocyanate which is prepared from oleic chloride and sodium azide): (6) a wetting agent comprises the acetates of a mixture of bases obtained by reacting allylamine with the sulphuric esters of the alcohol mixture prepared by reduction of naphthenic acids (cf. Specification 359,116): (7) viscose and cotton are softened by means of an aqueous solution of the acetate of N-octodecenyl-N-hydroxyethylamine. Specifications 294,890, 307,948, 328,675, [all in Class 15 (ii), Dyeing, Processes &c. for], 339,962, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], 343,098, 353,232, 366,909, 369,614, and 372,325 also are referred to. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 339,962 and 369,614.ALSO:Amines or ammonium bases having at least one alkyl or cycloalkyl radicle with at least eight carbon atoms and at least one double bond, or water soluble salts thereof are stated to be emulsifying and dispersing agents. They may be used alone or with the usual washing, wetting and emulsifying agents, e.g. inorganic or organic soluble salts and acids, perborates, vegetable mucilages, gums, glue and solvents such as cyclohexanone, trichlorethylene, benzyl-alcohol and ethyleneglycolmonocresylether. By emulsifying paraffin wax or olive oil by means of the amines &c. oiling agents for textiles are obtained. The following amines and salts are mentioned; the hydrochlorides of the secondary and tertiary bases obtained as by-product when monooleylamine is warmed with crude dimethylsulphate (the by-product is obtained by extracting the reaction mixture with ether after adding water and caustic soda and removing the excess dimethylsulphate), oleylamine lactate or acetate, monooleyltrimethylammonium sulphate, i.e. the main product of the reaction referred to above, the sulphate of the quaternary base obtained by warming dimethylsulphate with the hydrochloride of N-oleyl-N-diethylethylenediamine, the product of the reaction of the hydrochloride of diethylchlorethylamine and heptadecyleneamine, the acetates of a mixture of bases obtained by reacting allylamine with the sulphuric esters of the alcohol mixture prepared by reduction of naphthenic acids, and the acetate of N-octodecenyl-N-hydroxyethylamine. In examples, cyclohexanol is emulsified in water with oleylamine lactate or acetate and olive oil is emulsified with oleyl-N-trimethyl ammonium sulphate. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 339,962, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], and 369,614.