GB333550A - Improvements in the manufacture and production of valuable liquid fuels - Google Patents

Abstract

333,550. Johnson, J. Y., (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). March 11, 1929. Mineral and tar oils, extracting and purifying; liquid fuel.-Liquid fuels are obtained from the high boiling constituents of distillable liquid carbonaceous materials, such as tars or mineral oils, or from the liquid products obtained by the distillation, destructive hydrogenation or cracking of coal, tars or mineral oils, by treatment with solvents to separate the initial materials into two portions, one richer and the other poorer in hydrogen, the second portion being then subjected to treatment with hydrogen under pressure, either alone or with carbonaceous substances, such as part of the first portion separated. to produce a non-knocking motor fuel. The first, portion is suitable as an illuminating or Diesel oil, either alone or after treatment with hydrogen under pressure at an elevated temperature. Preferably, substances of the nature ot middle oils are separated from the initial materials before treatment with the solvent, the constituents remaining after the removal of the middle oils being added to the, portion poor in hydrogen, if desired. Benzines, for example, may be obtained by subjecting the portion poor in hydrogen to destructive hydrogenation with mineral oil residues; these benzines may be mixed with other benzines such as those resulting from the destructive hydrogenation of brown coal rich in bitumen. Preferably the destructive hydrogenation of the parts poorer in hydrogen is carried out in the presence of catalysts, particularly those immune from sulphur poisoning and from the sixth group of the periodic system. As solvents for the separation, liquid sulphur dioxide or liquid ammonia., or a mixture of cyclohexane and methanol, or mixtures of all these may be used. In an example, a crude illuminating oil, obtained from the destructive hydrogenation of Columbia middle oil at 200 atmospheres and 425‹ C. in the presence of molybdic acid and zinc oxide, is separated by liquid sulphur dioxide into 60 per cent of a pure illuminating oil and 20 to 25 per cent of a product poor in hydrogen, mainly aromatic hydrocarbons. This product is added to the initial Columbia middle oil and the mixture subjected to destructive hydrogenation, benzines being obtained which are better as regards their antiknock properties than those obtained from the oil without the addition of the product poor in hydrogen. In a second example, a middle oil obtained by the destructive hydrogenation of brown coal is subjected to a second destructive hydrogenation at 200 atmospheres and 450‹ C. in presence of a mixture of molybdenum, chromium, and manganese oxides, and the higher boiling portions are treated with liquid sulphur dioxide, the portion poorer in hydrogen being destructively hydrogenated. In further examples the solvents employed are a mixture of methanol and cyclohexane and liquid ammonia and methanol respectively. Specification 300,900 (as open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts) is referred to.