GB303917A - Improvements in the production of sulphonic acids - Google Patents

Abstract

303,917. Johnson, J. Y., (I. G Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). Sept 12, 1927. Samples furnished. Emulsions, making.-Sulphonic acids useful as emulsifying agents are obtained from unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons or their halogen derivatives or from unsaturated hydroaromatic compounds by treating them with sulphonating agents, such as sulphuric acid, sulphur trioxide, and/or chlorsulphonic acid, and an equimolecular amount or more of an organic acid, acid anhydride, or acid chloride or of phosphoric acid ur its anhydride or chloride. The reaction may be applied to the individual hydrocarbons or compounds or to mixtures containing a preponderating proportion thereof such as petroleum or its cracking products or brown-coal tar oils such as gas oil, yellow oil, and solar oil; such mixtures may be treated directly or after enriching or isolating their olefine constituents. In one example, tetrahydrobenzene is treated with a mixture of sulphuric acid and acetic anhydride and the reaction product is diluted with water, heated to remove acetic acid, and neutralized. Derivatives of unsaturated hydroaromatic hydrocarbons, such as the corresponding napbthenic acids, may be treated in the same way. In another example, propylene is led into a mixture of sulphuric acid and acetic anhydride and the mixture is allowed to stand. The reaction product so obtained is worked up by diluting with water, boiling under reflux, and distilling off acetic acid. The sulphonated propylene can be recovered from the solution as calcium or sodium salt. Higher homologues or propylene or halogen derivatives of the olefines such as trichlorethylene. may be treated in the same way.