GB2622316A - Method for simulating high-efficiently breeding unique rare Adiantum nelumboides in wild environment - Google Patents
Method for simulating high-efficiently breeding unique rare Adiantum nelumboides in wild environment Download PDFInfo
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- GB2622316A GB2622316A GB2313527.0A GB202313527A GB2622316A GB 2622316 A GB2622316 A GB 2622316A GB 202313527 A GB202313527 A GB 202313527A GB 2622316 A GB2622316 A GB 2622316A
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- 241000736299 Adiantum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000656 polylysine Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 44
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 21
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 16
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- 235000004347 Perilla Nutrition 0.000 description 14
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- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 239000007836 KH2PO4 Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
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- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000005852 Adiantum capillus veneris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013211 Adiantum capillus veneris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000456329 Adiantum erythrochlamys Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003421 Dianthus chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000736301 Pteridaceae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004161 plant tissue culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002062 proliferating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003104 tissue culture media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/002—Culture media for tissue culture
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
- A01H1/122—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H9/00—Pteridophytes, e.g. ferns, club-mosses, horse-tails
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A method for simulating high-efficiently breeding of Adiantum nelumboides in a wild environment comprises collecting spores from the right and left sides of a bottom and top of a leaf wherein the middle of the leaf is considered to be the axis of symmetry of the leaf. The collected spores are placed in a glass container and then vibrated clockwise for 30-45 minutes with a vibrating frequency of 250-300rpm and a vibrating amplitude of 20-26mm. The spores are then sterilised and inoculated on an induction media in a culture vessel to produce prothallia. The prothallia are then taken out of the culture vessel, divided into blocks according to a unit area of 0.8~1.2cm×0.8~1.2cm, placed on a substrate of an open seedling box, sprayed with a mixed solution on the surface of the substrate, until the bottom water accumulates for 0.5cm~1.0cm, then putting a transparent cover on the box for 28~35 days until sporophytes start to grow, in 60 days obtaining a large number of seedlings which are suitable for return to the wild. The substrate used may be silica gravel from weathered rock, the substrate being formed of three layers, in the upper layer the gravel is 3-5mm, in the middle layer the gravel is 0.06-1.0mm and in the lower layer the gravel is 1.0-3.0mm.
Description
METHOD FOR SIMULATING HIGH-EFFICIENTLY BREEDING
UNIQUE RARE ADIANTUM NELUMBOIDES IN WILD
ENVIRONMENT
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the technical field of breeding, and in particular relates to a method for simulating high-efficiently breeding unique rare Adiantum nelumboides in a wild environment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Adiantum nelumboides, belonging to Adiantum capillus-veneris Genus, Pteridaceae Family, as a variant of Adiantum erythrochlamys Diels, is a first level national key protected wild plant, as wells as a sole single-leaved pteridophyte growing in Asia, only distributed in low-altitude areas of Chongqing City such as Wanzhou District, Fuling and Shizhu Country, so it is an endemic species of China, a relict plant of the Quaternary Period, known as the "treasure of China".
Adiantum nelumboides faces a series of challenges in the natural environment, such as poor adaptability and weak natural renewal ability, so how to breed and protect it through technology is a worldwide problem. Establishing a system of "ex situ conservation-scientific research and breeding-return and re-protection" for Adiantum nelumboides and enabling it to grow normally under natural conditions so as to alleviate the endangered status of this species in the wild, has become an urgent problem to be solved. For this, how to obtain a large number of high-quality seedlings suitable for field environments and return requirements has become the key to solving the problem.
At present, most research institutions, scholars and researchers mainly focus on traditional breeding and tissue culture for Adiantum nelumboides. Adiantum nelumboides cannot achieve mass reproduction or occupy new areas, due to severe germination conditions and low survival rate of its spores; in addition, the growth cycle of Adiantum nelumboides is long, taking nearly 1 year for spores to form young sporophytes from germination, and changes in various environmental factors during this process will affect the germination and growth of spores(Zeng Jianhong et al., Biological Characteristics and Protection Countermeasures of the Rare and Endangered Adiantum nelumboides in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, 2002). (Huang Fang et al. Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Adiantum nelumboides, 2008) By ways of researching tissue culture and rapid propagation of Adiantum nelumboides, adopting technology about aseptic seeding, tissue culture and rapid propagation, and using prothalli a for proliferation, about 20°4-30% of gametophytes convert to young sporophytes, so the conversion rate is low. (Zhang Guorong, Investigation and Analysis on the Endangered Causes of Endemic Medicinal and Ornamental Adiantum nelumboides in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, 2010) The highest conversion rate of converting a gametophyte to a sporophyte is only 46.6%, and the study shows that increasing the conversion rate from a gametophyte to a young sporophyte is of great significance for artificial breeding of Adiantum nelumboides. (Yang Qinghua et al., 2021) A method for seeding and propagating spores of Adiantum nelumboides is disclosed in "A Spore Propagation Method for Rare and Endangered Adiantum nelumboides using two or more isochoric mixtures of grass charcoal, humus soil, red jade soil, black soil and vermiculite as a cultivation substrate, and it takes about 105-147 days from seeding to the emergence of sporophyte seedlings, but this method is cumbersome and the emergence time is long. (Chen Huiyuan et al., 2021) In "a Method for the Propagation of Adiantum nelumboides Ramets ", two substrates, namely river sand and peat(peat: perlite: river sand = 3:1:1) are used to treat propagules before transplanting and manage them after transplanting, it takes 60 days to have bred potted Adiantum nelumboides with ornamental value, this method has distinct seasonal characteristics and obvious disadvantages of higher requirements for the time of ramets and the growth state of maternal plants, as well as in terms of reproductive speed and proliferation coefficient compared with tissue culture.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for simulating high-efficiently breeding unique rare Adiantum nelumboides in a wild environment, optimizing the breeding technology system for Adiantum nelumboides, establishing a seedlings' growth and acclimatization method that adapts to the environmental conditions in the wild from the initial stage, and obtaining a large number of high-quality seedlings that are completely suitable for return to the wild. The present invention is of great ecological, social and practical significance for carrying out research on the breeding and application of Adiantum nelumboides, stabilizing the population of rare and endangered species, improving the stability and resilience of ecosystems, effectively avoiding species extinction, protecting plant diversity, and playing a major role in the protection of the Yangtze River, so as to build a beautiful China with harmonious symbiosis of human and nature.
The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for simulating high-efficiently breeding unique rare Adiantum nelumboides in a wild environment, comprising the steps of S 1. collecting and pretreating spores, and inducing and propagating prothallia: collecting Adiantum nelumboides' spores, the collection beginning with the occurrence that the front sides of leaves become darker, their waviness become larger, and the sorus cover on the back of leaves change from green to gray-brown without cracking, after collection, placing them horizontally in a vibrator's glass container, after sterilization, inoculating the spores on a induction medium, so that the prothallia grow out on a proliferation medium; and 52. simulating inducting and acclimatizing sporophytes in wild environments: directly taking the prothallia out of the culture vessel, dividing them into blocks according to a unit area of 0.8-1.2cmx0.8-1.2cm, placing them on the substrate of an open seedling box, directly spraying mixed solution on the surface of the substrate, until the bottom water accumulates for 0.5cm-1.0cm, then putting a transparent cover on it, in 28-35 days beginning to germinate sporophytes, in 60 days obtaining a large number of seedlings in verdancy and vigorous growth and suitable for return to the wild.
Preferably, in Si, the spores are clockwise vibrated for 30-45min with a vibrating frequency of 250-300rpm and a vibrating amplitude of 20-26mm.
Preferably, in Sl, during collecting the Adiantum nelumboides' spores, selecting a round sorus in the middle of its leaf, the number of sorus is decided by regarding the middle of each leaf as the axis of symmetry and then respectively taking 5-6 spores on the left and right of the top of the leaf, the spores' collection number in the whole leaf is decided by regarding the middle of each leaf as the axis of symmetry and then respectively taking 3-4 spores on the left 20 and right of the bottom of the leaf and 2 spores on the left and right of the top of the leaf Preferably, in Si, the induction medium includes MS +0.05-0.1mg/L KT+0.001-0.003mg/L TDZ+0.5-0.8mg/L NAA+3.0% of sucrose +0.7% of agar with a pH of 5.5-6.0; the proliferation medium includes MS+0.6-0.8mg/L 6-BA+0.1-0.3mg/L NAA+3.0% of 25 sucrose +0.7% of agar, and its pH is 5.5-6.0.
Preferably, in S2, the seedling box has a dimension of length x width x height = (41-45)cm x (30-36)cm x (25-30)cm and ventholes with a diameter of 0.8-1.2cm, the transparent upper cover made from a PET material is 16-20cm in height, the upper cover is provided with two rotary buttons, each of which controls 2-4 ventholes.
Preferably, in S2, the seedling box has a dimension of length x width x height = 43cm x 33cm x 28cm and ventholes with a diameter of 1.0cm, the transparent upper cover made from a PET material is 18cm in height, the upper cover is provided with two rotary buttons, each of which controls 4 ventholes.
Preferably, in S2, in the first week, the rotary buttons are adjusted to open one hole and close three holes; in the second week, the rotary buttons are adjusted to open two holes and close two holes; in the third week, the rotary buttons are adjusted to open three holes arid close one hole; in the fourth week, the rotary buttons are adjusted to close all the holes.
Preferably, in S2, the substrate components of the seedling box are formed by weathering and eroding rock, and its main component is gravel of silica, the diameter of the gravel is 0.06mm-5.0mm, the thickness of the substrate is 5cm, divided into upper, middle and lower layers, the upper layer is mixed with gravel having diameters of 3mm-5.0mm, the middle layer is mixed gravel having diameters of 0.06mm-1.0mm, and the lower layer is mixed with gravel having diameters of 1mm-3.0mm.
The organic combination of measures such as mixture with 3 layers of gravel with different particle sizes and environmental adjustment of the seeding box can not only ensure the moisture required by the prothallia in the process of producing sporophyte seedlings, but also adjust air humidity and temperature, enabling the plants to breathe fresh oxygen and providing a place and environment for the smooth germination of Adiantum nelumboides' prothaIlia. Its most importance is to realize the germination of sporophytes in the simulated original ecological state of the wild field and the integration and intensification of seedling's growth and plant's acclimatization, simplify experimental technical processes and save time and effort. At the time of return, the seedlings are watered regularly in the first half of the month after planting, and the plant's preservation rate reaches 91.1% after half a year. Preferably, in S2, the mass concentration of perilla leaf juice in the mixed solution is 45-95%, the concentration of Epolylysine is 0.01-0.05g/L, the concentration of GA3 is 0.01-0.03g/L, the concentration of IAA is 0.1-0.5g/L, the concentration of NAA is 0.3-0.6mg/L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is 0.5-1.0g/L, the concentration of (N H.02S 04 s 1.0-2.08/L.
Further preferably, in S2, the production method of perilla leaf juice is as follows: taking 25 100g of perilla leave, washing them, adding 0-100m1 of purified water to crush them, then filtering out the leaf residue with a multi-mesh filter to obtain perilla leaf juice.
The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1.The method can simulate a wild environment, efficiently breed the unique rare Adiantum nel umboi des, and breed, induce and acclimate seedlings from a primary stage and source, so as 30 to realize perfectly integrating of the breeding of seedlings and their adaptive acclimatization of the wild environment.
2. A short-term regular vibrate to the spores is beneficial to stimulate their internal vitality and raise induction and induction speed of prothallia.
3.The combination of grow seedlings box + gravel substrate precisely controls the environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, moisture and oxygen required for the induction of sporophyte seedlings, while achieving synchronizing substrates in natural growth. 4.The treatment by mixed solution can greatly promote growth quantity and growth potential of Adiantum nelumboides' seedlings, and the seedlings can be directly used for natural 5 return of rare plants in the wild, so as to realize the germination of sporophytes in the simulated original ecological state of the wild field and the integration and intensification of seedling's growth and plant's acclimatization, simplify experimental technical processes and save time and effort.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG.1 shows collecting Adiantum nelumboides' spores, where a stands for a collection process, b stands for a collection detail map.
FIG.2 shows proliferation and expansion of Adiantum nelumboides' prothallia.
FIG. 3 shows growth comparison of Adiantum nelumboides' seedlings between a seedling box and a culture vessel, where a stands for a collection process, b stands for a collection detail map, there are significant differences in seedling growth rates, plant sizes and growth potential.
FIG.4 shows growth of sporophyte seedlings in 10 days.
FIG.5 shows growth of sporophyte seedlings in 20 days.
F1G.6 shows growth of sporophyte seedlings in 30 days.
[16.7 shows batch reproduction and vigorous growth of Adiantum nelumboides' seedlings.
FIG.8 shows simulation of the return of Adiantum nelumboides efficiently bred in the wild [16.9 shows observations of Adiantum nelumboides returned in the wild
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SOME EMBODIMENTS
The present invention is further described in combination with the examples as follows, but the protection scope claimed by the present invention is not limited to the described scope of the examples.
EXAMPLE 1
Collecting and pretreating spores, inducing and propagating prothallia, inducting and 30 acclimatizing sporophytes in wild environments.
The spore's collection complies with the principle of advantage and superior species, that is, during collecting the Adiantum nelumboides' spores, selecting a round sorus in the middle of its leaf The number of sorus is decided by regarding the middle of each leaf as the axis of symmetry and then respectively taking 6 spores on the left and right of the top of the leaf, in this way, the total number of spores in the middle is 6*2=12. The spores' collection number in the whole leaf is decided by regarding the middle of each leaf as the axis of symmetry and then respectively taking 4 spores on the left and right of the bottom of the leaf and 2 spores on the left and right of the top of the leaf, in this way, the total number of whole-leaf spores is the number taken at the bottom plus the number taken in the middle, that is 12. This method can ensure that the number of two samples is equal, avoiding collecting short linear sorus of the lower portion of plants and the surrounding leaves, as well as ensure spores' quality. The collection begins with the occurrence that the front sides of leaves become darker, their waviness become larger, and the sorus cover on the back of leaves change from green to gray-brown without cracking. After collection, they are placed horizontally in a vibrator's glass container, and clockwise vibrated for 35min with a vibrating frequency of 260rpm and vibrating amplitude of 24mm, and the short-term regular vibration conduces to stimulating the internal vitality of the spores and raising the induction and induction speed of prothallia. After sterilization, the spore is inoculated on a culture medium including MS+0.08mg/L KT+0.002mg/L TDZ+0.6rng/L NAA+3.0% of sucrose + 0.7% of agar with a pH of 5.5. In 2025 days, the prothallium grows out, the proliferation medium includes MS+0.7mg/L 6-BA+0.2mg/L NA A+3.0% of sucrose + 0.7% of agar, and its pH is 5.5.
EXAMPLE 1-1
Based on Example 1, the difference is that the spores stimulated by vibration are the whole-20 leaf spores.
CONTROL 1 Based on Example 1, the difference is that the spores are the middle-leaf spores and not vibrated, and the others conditions are the same as Example 1.
CONTROL 2 Based on Example 1, the difference is that the spores are the whole-leaf spores and not vibrated, and the others conditions are the same as Example 1.
The induction state of prothallia through different treatments of Adianturn nelumboides' spores is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 The induction state of prothallia through different treatments of Adiantum 30 nelumboides' spores No. Stimulation by vibration spore prothalliu inductio prolifer proliferati (rpm/min) number in number n rate ation rate(%) on (%) coefficient 1 Examplel(m ddle-leaf spore 90 82 91.1 98.5 6.9 -I-stimulated by vibration) 2 Example1-1(wholc-leaf spore 90 81 91.2 98.4 6.8 +stimulated by vibration) 3 Control group 1 (middle-leaf spore) 90 35 34.4 32.3 1.5 4 Control group 2 (whole -leaf spore) 90 21 23.3 22,4 1.1 It can be seen from Table 1 that short-term regular vibration is beneficial to stimulate the internal vitality of the spores and raise the induction and induction speed of prothallia. Moreover, the induction rate and proliferation rate of the prothallia using whole-leaf spores can reach the level of middle-leaf spores after vibration and stimulation. Although according to the central effect of plants, that is, nutrients first converge to the central portion and the central spores grow more vigorously, so that the middle-leaf spores are normally better, but after appropriate vibration and stimulation, the vitality of the whole-leaf spores including inactive spores can be stimulated, promoting the induction and proliferation in the later stage, so that the vitality of inactive spores can be stimulated and more adaptable to changes in the environment. Moreover, the whole leaf spores are used for treatment, omitting a step for screening spores and cutting down on procedures
EXAMPLE 2
Simulating the induction and acclimatization of sporophyte seedlings in wild environments.
The prothallia obtained by the method for collecting and pretreating spores and inducing and proliferating prothallia in Example 1 are used for the experiment in this example.
Processing Number A: The primary goal of plant protection is to realize ex situ conservation and batch reproduction for rare and endangered plants, on this basis, the ultimate goal for rare plants is to allow rare and endangered plants to set foot on the road of return to the wild, achieve survival in the wild, rebuild the population and maintain ecological balance. For those, the ability to obtain a large number of Adiantum nelumboides' seedlings adapted to the complex and changeable wild environment is the key core factor. After researching the induction and acclimatization of sporophytes by means of different combinations such as indoor sterile culture vessels, outdoor square plug trays and seedling boxes, it is found that the seedling box is the best choice. The prothallia are directly taken out of the culture vessel, divided into blocks according to a unit area of lcm x lcm, and placed on the substrate of the open seedling box having a dimension of lengthx width x height = 430mm x 330mm x 280mm and ventholes with a diameter of 1.0cm. Mixed solution (100m1 of perilla leaf juice + 0.03g/L c-polylysine +0.02g/L GA3 +0.3g1 IAA +0.5mg/L NAA +0.8g/L KH2PO4 +1.5g/L (NH4)2804) is directly sprayed on the surface of the substrate, until the bottom water accumulates for 0.8cm, then a transparent cover of PET material is covered, in 28-35 days it begins to germinate sporophytes, in 60 days a large number of seedlings in verdancy and vigorous growth and suitable for return to the wild can be obtained. Creating and controlling microenvironments is important for the sporophyte seedlings generated through induction of Adiantum nelumboides' prothallia. The control of a rotary ventilation switch near both sides on the top of the transparent upper cover of the seedling box can play a key role in adjusting air temperature, humidity and oxygen content in the box. In the first week, the rotary ventilation switch is adjusted to open one hole and close three holes; in the second week, the rotary ventilation switch is adjusted to open two holes and close two holes; in the third week, the rotary ventilation switch is adjusted to open three holes and close one hole; in the fourth week, the rotary ventilation switch is adjusted to close all the holes. The substrate components of the seedling box are formed by weathering and eroding rock, and its main component is ordinary gravel of silica, which can be collected at the foot of the nearby granite mountain, and from which clean gravel is selected without weeds, lichen and moss on its surface, so that it can be used directly during laying at the bottom of the seedling box, without sterilization and spraying herbicides. The diameter of the gravel is 0.06mm -5.0mm, the thickness of the gravel is 50mm, divided into upper, middle and lower layers, the upper layer is mixed with gravel 1 (the gravel having a particle size of 3mm is mixed with the gravel having a particle size of 5mm according to the mass ratio of 1:1), the thickness of the upper layer is lOmm, the middle mixed gravel 2 (the gravel having a particle size of 0.08mm is mixed with the gravel having a particle size of 1mm according to the mass ratio of 1:1), the thickness is 20mm, and the lower layer is mixed with gravel 3 (the gravel having a particle size of lmm is mixed with and the gravel having a particle size of 2mm according to the mass ratio of 1:1), the thickness of the lower layer is 20mm. The organic combination of measures such as mixture with 3 layers of gravel with different particle sizes and environmental adjustment of the seeding box can not only ensure the moisture required by the prothallia in the process of producing sporophyte seedlings, but also adjust air humidity and temperature, enabling the plants to breathe fresh oxygen and providing a place and environment for the smooth germination of Adiantum nelumboides' prothallia. Its most importance is to realize the germination of sporophytes in the simulated original ecological state of the wild field and the integration and intensification of seedling's growth and plant's acclimatization, simplify experimental technical processes and save time and effort. At the time of return, the seedlings are watered regularly in the first hall of the month after planting, and the plant's preservation rate reaches 91.1% after half a year.
Processing Number B: The prothallia are placed in a culture vessel, the culture medium is a mixture of gravel and peat (1:1), the peat is HAW ITA peat, its volume-weight is 0.25-0.5, its total porosity is 50%, the culture medium is sterilized for 20min under the sterilization conditions of temperature of 121 °C and pressure of 0.1MPa in a sterilizing autoclave, and the others are same with Processing Number A. Processing Number C: The prothallia are placed in a square plug tray, the dimension of the square tray is 380mmz300mmz56mm, its top is not covered, and the others are same with Processing Number A. Processing Number D: compared with the specific treatment method that the prothallia induced by the spores early sterilized and cultivated in the sporangia continue to be on MS inorganic solid plant tissue culture medium without any changes to the culture medium and container Table 2 Comparison table about the induction of Adiantum nelumboides' sporophyte 15 seedlings by different ways No. Induction Prothall ium Seeding number Inducti on rate Seedling growth in 60 days Survival rate after return combination of number (%) seedings A Seeding box 90 88 97.8 The seedlings arc numerous in verdancy and vigorous growth 91.1% +mixed solution B Culture vessel + 90 73 81.1 The seedlings arc less numerous, 67.2% mixed solution gradually become yellow and weak in growth C Square plug tray + mixed solution 90 5 16.7 Few seedlings occur, wither and die 59.8% D Control 90 0 0.0 No seedlings occur in inorganic medium 0 It can be seen from Table 2 that the order of Treatment A (seedling box + mixed solution), Treatment B (culture vessel + mixed solution), Treatment C (square tray + mixed solution) and Treatment D (control) in the aspect of the induction number and induction rate of sporophyte seedlings is Treatment A> Treatment B> Treatment C> Treatment D. The number of the sporophyte seedlings induced by prothallia in the combination of Treatment A is the largest, reaching 88, which is 15, 73 and 88 higher than those of Treatment B, Treatment C and Treatment D, respectively; the induction rate of sporophyte seedlings is the highest, 97.8%, which increases by 16.7%, 81.1% and 97.8% compared with Treatment B, Treatment C and Treatment D, respectively. The number of induced sporophyte seedlings in Treatment B is 58 and 73 higher than those of Treatment C and Treatment D, respectively, and the induction rate increases by 64.4%, respectively. It was proved that there is a significant difference in the type of container + mixed solution in the aspect of the induction number and induction rate of Adiantum nelumboides' sporophyte. Treatment A (seedling box + mixed solution) can accurately control the environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, moisture and oxygen required for the induction of sporophyte seedlings on the mixed gravel substrate, and maximize the growth quantity and growth potential of Adiantum nelumboides' seedlings, and the seedlings can be directly used for natural return of rare plants in the wild.
EXAMPLE 3
Based on Example 2, the composition of the mixed solution is changed, and the others are same with Treatment A of Example 2.
Treatment A of Example 2: 100m1 of perilla leaf juice + 0.03g/L a-polylysine +0.02g/L GA3 +0.3g/L IAA +0.5mg/L NAA +0.8g/L KH2PO4 +1.5g/L (NI-14)2SO4.
EXAMPLE 3-1: 0.03g/L a-polylysine +0.02g/L GA3 +0.3g/L IAA +0.5mg/L NAA +0.8g/L 10-12PO4+1.5g/L(NH4)2SO4.
EXAMPLE 3-2: 100m1 of perilla leaf juice + 0.02g/L GA3 +0.3g/L IAA +0.5mg/L NAA +0.8g/L Kt-12M +1.5g/L (NR4)2S 04.
EXAMPLE 3-3: 100m1 of perilla leaf juice + 0.03g/L c-polylysine +0.3g/L IAA +0.5mg/L 20 NAA +0.8g/L KH2PO4 +1.5g/L(NH4)2SO4.
EXAMPLE 3-4: 100m1 of perilla leaf juice + 0.03g/L s-polylysine +0.02g/L GA3 +0.5mg/L NAA +0.8g/L KH2PO4 +1.5g/L (NR4)2S 04.
EXAMPLE 3-5: 100m1 of perilla leaf juice + 0.03g/L c-polylysine +0.02g/L GA3 +0.3mg/L NAA +0.8g/L KH2PO4 +1.5g/L (NI-14)2S 04.
EXAMPLE 3-6: 100m1 of perilla leaf juice + 0.03g/L E-p ol y ly sine +0.02g/L GA3 +0.3mg/L NAA +1.5g/L (NI-14)2S 04.
Table 3 Comparison table about the induction of Adiantum nelumboides' sporophyte seedlings by different mixed solutions No. Combination(g.L1) Prothallium number Inducted seeding number Induction rate(%) Example2-1 Pretreatment A with mixed solution 90 88 97.8 Example3-1 Pretreatment B with mixed solution 90 70 77.8 Examplc3-2 Pretreatment C with mixed solution 90 80 88.9 Examplc3-3 Pretreatment D with mixed solution 90 71 78.9 Example3-4 Pretreatment E with mixed solution 90 81 90.0 Example3-5 Pretreatment F with mixed solution 90 83 92.2 Example3-6 Pretreatment G with mixed solution 90 85 94.4 No control group with mixed solution 90 0 0 It can be seen from Table 3 that the induction number of sporophyte seedlings under Pretreatment A with mixed solution is at most 88, and its induction rate is 97.8%; the induction number of sporophyte seedlings under Pretreatment B with mixed solution is 70, and its induction rate is 77.8%, compared with Treatment A, the number decreases by 18 and the rate decreases by 20.0%; the induction number of sporophyte seedlings under Pretreatment C with mixed solution is 80, and its induction rate is 88.9%, compared with Treatment A, the number decreases by 8 and the rate decreases by 8.9%; the induction number of sporophyte seedlings under Pretreatment D with mixed solution is 71, and its induction rate is 78.9%, compared with Treatment A, the number decreases by 17 and the rate decreases by 18.9%; the induction number of sporophyte seedlings under Pretreatment E with mixed solution is 81, and its induction rate is 90.0%, compared with Treatment A, the number decreases by 7 and the rate decreases by 7.8%; the induction number of sporophyte seedlings under Pretreatment F with mixed solution is 83, and its induction rate is 92.2%, compared with Treatment A, the number decreases by 5 and the rate decreases by 5.6%; the induction number of sporophyte seedlings under Pretreatment G with mixed solution is 85, and its induction rate is 94.4%, compared with Treatment A, the number decreases by 3 and the rate decreases by 3.4%. Among the combinations of pretreatment with mixed solution, there is an extremely significant difference between Pretreatment B and Pretreatment A, while the differences between Pretreatment C, D, E, F and G and Pretreatment A are small, indicating that perilla leaf juice has a significant promoting effect on the induction of Adiantum nelumboides' sporophyte seedlings. However, the induction number of Adiantum nelumboides' sporophyte in the control group (not under the pretreatment with mixed solution) is 0, and the induction rate was 0.0%, compared with the control group, the number increases by 88 and the rate increases by 97.8%; compared with the control group, the induction number of Pretreatment A as an optimal combination of the pretreatment with mixed solution increases by 88 and its induction rate increases by 97.8%, the result shows that the mixed solution of perilla leaf juice (100m1 of perilla leaf juice + 0.03g/L c-polylysine +0.02g/L GA3 +0.3g/L IAA +0.5mg/L NAA +0.8g/L KH2PO4 +1.5g/L (NH4)2804)can greatly increase the induction number of sporophyte seedlings in the aspect of the induction of Adiantum nelumboides' sporophyte seedlings, and significantly increase the induction rate of sporophyte seedlings.
EXAMPLE 4
Based on Example 2, the composition of the substrate components is changed, and the others are same with Treatment A of Example 2.
Treatment A of Example 2: the upper layer is mixed with gravel 1 (the gravel having a 5 particle size of 3mm is mixed with the gravel having a particle size of 5mm according to the mass ratio of 1:1), the thickness of the upper layer is lOmm, the middle mixed gravel 2 (the gravel having a particle size of 0.08mm is mixed with the gravel having a particle size of 1mm according to the mass ratio of 1:1), the thickness is 20mm, and the lower layer is mixed with gravel 3 (the gravel having a particle size of lmm is mixed with and the gravel having a particle 10 size of 2mm according to the mass ratio of 1:1), the thickness of the lower layer is 20mm. EXAMPLE 4-1: the particle sizes of the upper, middle and lower layers are same with each other, all 3.0mm EXAMPLE 4-2: the particle sizes of the upper, middle and lower layers are same with each other, all lOmm.
Table 4 Comparison table about the induction of Adiantum nelumboides' sporophyte seedlings by different substrate components No. Comb nation(g-L-1) Prothallium number Inducted seeding number Induction rate(%) Example 2-1 Treatment A with mixed gravel 90 88 97.8 Example 4-1 Treatment B with gravel having a size of 3 Omm 90 75 83.3 Example 4-2 Treatment C with gravel having a size of 1 Omm 90 62 68.9 It can be seen from Table 4 that the induction number of sporophyte seedlings under Treatment A with mixed gravel is at most 88, and its induction rate is 97.8%; the induction number of sporophyte seedlings under Treatment B with mixed gravel is 75, and its induction rate is 83.3%, compared with Treatment A, the number decreases by 13 and the rate decreases by 14.5%; the induction number of sporophyte seedlings under Treatment C with mixed gravel is 62, and its induction rate is 68.9%, compared with Treatment A, the number decreases by 26 and the rate decreases by 28.9%; among the combinations of mixed gravel, Treatment B and C differ significantly from Treatment A, indicating that deferent combinations of mixed gravel have a significant promoting effect on the induction of Adiantum nelumboides' sporophyte seedlings.
Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in preferred examples, it is not intended to limit the present invention, any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so the protection scope of the present invention should subject to the claims. The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent alternatives of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. Equivalent substitutions and improvements in the scope are also included in the scope of protection of the present invention
Claims (2)
- CLAIMSWhat is claimed is: 1. A method for simulating high-efficiently breeding unique rare Adiantum nelumboides in a wild environment, comprising the steps of: Si. collecting and pretreating spores, and inducing and propagating prothallia: collecting Adiantum nelumboides' spores, selecting a round sorus in the middle of its leaf, the number of sorus is decided by regarding the middle of each leaf as the axis of symmetry and then respectively taking 5-6 spores on the left and right of the top of the leaf, the spores' collection number in the whole leaf is decided by regarding the middle of each leaf as the axis of symmetry and then respectively taking 3-4 spores on the left and right of the bottom of the leaf and 2 spores on the left and right of the top of the leaf; the collection beginning with the occurrence that the front sides of leaves become darker, their 15 waviness become larger, and the sorus cover on the back of leaves change from green to gray-brown without cracking, after collection, placing them horizontally in a vibrator' s glass container, the spores are clockwise vibrated for 30-45min with a vibrating frequency of 250-300rpm and a vibrating amplitude of 20-26mm; after sterilization, inoculating the spores on a induction medium, so that the prothalli a grow out on a proliferation medium; and S2, simulating inducting and acclimatizing sporophytes in wild environments: directly taking the prothalli a out of the culture vessel, dividing them into blocks according to a unit area of 0.8-1.2cmx0.8-I.2cm, placing them on the substrate of an open seedling box, directly spraying mixed solution on the surface of the substrate, until the bottom water accumulates for 0.5cm-1.0cm, then putting a transparent cover on it, in 28-35 days beginning to germinate sporophytes, in 60 days obtaining a large number of seedlings in verdancy and vigorous growth and suitable for return to the wild; in S t, the induction medium includes MS+0.05-0. tmg/L KT+0.001-0.003mg/L 30 TDZ+0.5-0.8mg/L NAA+3.0% of sucrose +0.7% of agar with a pH of 5.5-6.0; the proliferation medium includes MS+0.6-0.8mg/L 6-BA+0.1-0.3mg/L NAA+3.0% of sucrose +0.7% of agar, and its pH is 5.5-6.0.in 52, the mass concentration of penlla leaf juice in the mixed solution is 45-95%, the concentration of a-polylysine is 0.03g/L, the concentration of 0A3 is 0.02g/L, the concentration of IAA is 0.3WL, the concentration of NAA is 0.5mg/L, the concentration of K_H2PO4 is 0.8g/L, the concentration of (NH4)2SO4 is 1.5g/L; in S2, the seedling box has a dimension of length x width x height = (41-45)cm x (30-36)cm x (25-30)cm and ventholes with a diameter of 0.8-1.2cm, the transparent upper cover made from a PET material is 16-20cm in height, the upper cover is provided with two rotary buttons, each of which controls 2-4 ventholes; in S2, in the first week, the rotary buttons are adjusted to open one hole and close three holes; in the second week, the rotary buttons are adjusted to open two holes and close two holes; in the third week, the rotary buttons are adjusted to open three holes and close one hole; in the fourth week, the rotary buttons are adjusted to close all the holes.
- 2. The method for simulating high-efficiently breeding unique rare Adiantum n el umboi des in a wild environment, according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the substrate components of the seedling box are formed by weathering and eroding rock, and its main component is gravel of silica, the diameter of the gravel is 0.06mm-5.0mm, the thickness of the substrate is 5cm, divided into upper, middle and lower layers, the upper layer is mixed with gravel having diameters of 3mm-5.0mm, the middle layer is mixed gravel having diameters of 0.06mm-1.0mm, and the lower layer is mixed with gravel having diameters of lmm-3.0mm.
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