GB2612462A - Permanent magnet motor with variable saliency ratio and design method thereof - Google Patents
Permanent magnet motor with variable saliency ratio and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- GB2612462A GB2612462A GB2218905.4A GB202218905A GB2612462A GB 2612462 A GB2612462 A GB 2612462A GB 202218905 A GB202218905 A GB 202218905A GB 2612462 A GB2612462 A GB 2612462A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 59
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
- H02K1/246—Variable reluctance rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Linear Motors (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
A permanent magnet motor with a variable saliency ratio, comprising a stator and a shaft mounted rotor, where the stator is located on an outer side of the rotor. The stator comprises a stator core 1 and a stator winding 1-1, the core comprises armature teeth 1-2 and a stator yoke. The rotor comprises identical independent rotor pole units 3, each unit comprising a magnetic attractive magnetic bridge 3-1, a permanent magnet A 3-2, a permanent magnet B 3-3, a permanent magnet C 3-4, a magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet 3-5, a magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A 3-6, a magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B 3-7, and a magnetic isolation magnetic barrier C 3-8. The barrier A is located between the air gap and the magnet A, the barrier C is located between the magnet A and the magnet B, the barrier B is located on two ends of the magnet C, and the silicon steel sheet is located between the air gap and the magnet C. The bridge is arc-shaped, and is located on an outer side of the magnets A and B, and the magnets A and B are located on two sides of magnet C. The magnets A, B and C may be arranged in a triangular formation.
Description
PERMANENT MAGNET MOTOR WITH VARIABLE SALIENCY RATIO AND
DESIGN METHOD THEREOF
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure relates to a permanent magnet motor with a variable saliency ratio and a design method thereof, and belongs to the field of motor technologies, electric vehicles, and electric tractors.
BACKGROUND
In recent years, with the increasingly serious environmental pollution and energy shortage, the electric vehicle industry is in the ascendant. With the increasingly complex road conditions, electric vehicles often face various operating conditions such as frequent start and stop, heavy load climbing, and high-speed cruise. This puts forward higher requirements for performance such as a high torque output capability, high efficiency, and a wide speed regulation range of automotive motors. Due to advantages such as a high torque density, a high power density, and high efficiency of permanent magnet motors, the permanent magnet motors have become the research hotspot of experts and scholars at home and abroad, and often become the first choice of automotive drive motor manufacturers. At present, well-known foreign manufacturers such as Toyota in Japan, Bayerische Motoren Werke AG in Germany, General Motors in the United States, and domestic vehicle manufacturers such as BYD Corp and Chery all use built-in permanent magnet motors as automotive drive motors. This type of motor usually adopts an embedded permanent magnet design, so that quadrature-axis inductance is greater than direct-axis inductance, and a motor formed with a positive saliency ratio makes full use of a reluctance torque to improve a torque output capability of the motor. However, in order to make full use of the reluctance torque, at a low speed, this type of motor usually requires large demagnetizing current. On one hand, the demagnetizing current passes through a plurality of layers of air magnetic barriers. This objectively reduces field weakening efficiency when the motor is at a high speed. On the other hand, the large demagnetizing current also increases a demagnetization risk of the permanent magnet motor. Tn order to reduce the demagnetization risk of the permanent magnet motor and improve the speed regulation range of the permanent magnet motor, a type of magnetic field enhanced motor has attracted attention of scholars at home and abroad in recent years. In this type of motor, an inductance value of a quadrature-axis magnetic flux path is greatly reduced by disposing an air magnetic barrier on the quadrature-axis magnetic flux path, while a change of direct-axis inductance is not large, so that a reverse saliency characteristic that the direct-axis inductance is greater than the quadrature-axis inductance is implemented. This type of motor implements use of a positive reluctance torque when added with magnetizing current, to avoid the demagnetization risk caused by the conventional large demagnetizing current. However, at the high speed, in order to increase a rotation speed, the demagnetizing current is added to this type of motor. Then, the torque output capability of this type of motor is greatly reduced. This is not conducive to loaded operation of the motor at the high speed.
In general, in terms of the current means and technologies, the currently researched automotive drive motors are all of a single saliency characteristic, that is, a motor with a positive saliency ratio or a motor with a reverse saliency ratio. It is difficult to meet the requirements of the automotive drive motor for a plurality of characteristics: a high torque output, high efficiency, and a wide speed regulation range. Currently, a motor with a variable saliency ratio that is adapted to different operating conditions and that is self-adapted to the saliency ratio in different operating conditions is still lacked.
SUMMARY
To overcome deficiencies in the existing prior art, the present disclosure provides a permanent magnet motor with a variable saliency ratio and a design method thereof. In the permanent magnet motor with the variable saliency ratio, a plurality of layers of q-axis magnetic flux paths are constructed. When a quadrature-axis current value in a stator winding (1-1) is changed, a saturation degree of quadrature-axis magnetic flux of the motor is indirectly changed, to change quadrature-axis inductance, and further affect a saliency ratio value of the motor, so that the saliency ratio value of the motor is self-adapted to operating conditions of an electric vehicle.
To achieve the foregoing objective, technical solutions used in the present disclosure are as follows. A permanent magnet motor with a variable saliency ratio is provided, including a stator and a rotor, where the stator is located on an outer side of the rotor; a layer of air gap is provided between the stator and the rotor; the rotor is fixed to a rotation shaft; the stator includes a stator core (1) and a stator winding (1-1), the stator core (1) includes in armature teeth (1-2) and a stator yoke, a slot shape of a stator slot between the armature teeth (1-2) is a pear shape, the stator winding (1-1) is a distributed integral slot winding, and the stator winding (1-1) is wound on the armature teeth (1-2). The rotor includes n identical independent rotor units (3). A design method of the permanent magnet motor with the variable saliency ratio is provided, including the following steps: step 1: designing three armature quadrature-axis magnetic flux paths on a magnetic circuit of the rotor; first designing a quadrature-axis magnetic flux path -1, and designing a permanent magnet C (3-4) magnetic flux path to converge with a permanent magnet A (3-2) magnetic flux path in a saturation region 1, where when armature quadrature-axis current is small, quadrature-axis magnetic flux preferentially passes through the q-axis magnetic flux path -1, namely, between the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) and the permanent magnet A (3-2), and enables the saturation region 1 to be saturated; step 2: designing a quadrature-axis magnetic flux path -2, and designing a width between the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) and the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-I) and a width between an outer side of the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and a next independent rotor unit (3), where when the armature quadrature-axis current increases, the quadrature-axis magnetic flux preferentially passes through the q-axis magnetic flux path -2, namely, between the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) and the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), and between the outer side of the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and the next independent rotor unit (3), and enables a saturation region 2 to be saturated; step 3: designing a quadrature-axis magnetic flux path -3, and designing a width of the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), where when the armature quadrature-axis current is large, the saturation region 1 and the saturation region 2 are gradually saturated, and the quadrature-axis magnetic flux preferentially passes through the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), and starts from the armature teeth (1-2) and sequentially passes through the air gap into the arc-shaped magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), and then passes through the air gap and returns to the armature teeth (1-2), and step 4: changing a magnitude of armature current, to implement segmented saturation of the quadrature-axis magnetic flux paths, and change magnetic resistance of the quadrature-axis magnetic flux paths, where when the quadrature-axis magnetic flux constantly increases, the quadrature-axis magnetic flux sequentially passes through the q-axis magnetic flux path -1, the q-axis magnetic flux path -2, and the q-axis magnetic flux path -3, to prompt the saturation region 1 and the saturation region 2 to be saturated in succession, quadrature-axis magnetic resistance constantly increases, and quadrature-axis inductance constantly decreases; because no armature direct-axis current is fed into the stator winding (1-1), a change of direct-axis magnetic resistance of the motor is not obvious, and a change of direct-axis inductance is not large; and therefore, when the armature quadrature-axis current changes, a quadrature-direct axis inductance difference of the motor changes in steps, and a magnitude of the saliency ratio of the motor correspondingly changes.
Further, the independent rotor unit (3) includes a magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), a permanent magnet A (3-2), a permanent magnet B (3-3), a permanent magnet C (3-4), a magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5), a magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6), a magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B (3-7), and a magnetic isolation magnetic barrier C (3-8); where the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) is located between the air gap and the permanent magnet A (3-2); the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier C (3-8) is located between the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3); the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B (3-7) is located on two ends of the permanent magnet C (3-4); the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet is located between the air gap and the permanent magnet C (3-4); the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is arc-shaped, and is located on an outer side of the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3); and the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3) are respectively located on two sides of the permanent magnet C (3-4).
Further, the permanent magnet A (3-2), the permanent magnet B (3-3), and the permanent magnet C (3-4) are triangular; magnetizing directions of the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3) are opposite; and a magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet A (3-2) is radial magnetization.
Further, the permanent magnet A (3-2) is made of neodymium iron boron; the permanent magnet B (3-3) and the permanent magnet C (3-4) are each made of ferrite; the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) is made of an oriented silicon steel sheet, and an orientation direction of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) is consistent with that of the permanent magnet C (3-4); the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is made of a soft magnetic material; and the stator core (1) and a rotor core (2) are each made of a non-oriented silicon steel sheet.
Further, two ends of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) are provided with a convex bayonet with a length of 1 mm to 3 mm. In this embodiment, the length of the convex bayonet is 1 mm. The independent rotor unit (3) is provided with a recessed slot, and a depth of the recessed slot is consistent with that of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5), and the recessed slot is fitted with the convex bayonet.
Specifically, the saliency ratio is a ratio of the quadrature-axis inductance to the direct-axis inductance, and when the saliency ratio is greater than I, the saliency ratio is a positive saliency ratio. or when the saliency ratio is less than 1, the saliency ratio is a reverse saliency ratio.
Specifically, the saturation region 1 is a region enclosed between the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5), the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B (3-7), the permanent magnet C (3-4), and the permanent magnet A (3-2), and the saturation region 2 is a region enclosed between the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) and the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and a region enclosed between the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and the next independent rotor unit (3).
Preferably, an angle between the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3) is 30 degrees to 50 degrees. In this embodiment, an angle between the permanent magnet B (3-2) and the permanent magnet C (3-3) is set to 42 degrees Preferably, a thickness of the permanent magnet A (3-2) is the same as that of the permanent magnet B (3-3), and a value of the thickness is 1 mm to 3 mm. A thickness of the permanent magnet C (3-4) is 1 mm to 5 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3) is 2.4 mm, and the thickness of the permanent magnet C (3-4) is 3 mm.
Preferably, the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is U-shaped, trapezoidal, or arc-shaped. In this embodiment, the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is arc-shaped.
The permanent magnet motor with the variable saliency ratio and the design method thereof provided in the present disclosure have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art I. In the present disclosure, a structure of the rotor is divided into a plurality of layers through partitioning of soft magnetic materials and silicon steel sheet materials with different orientations, to guide a plurality of layers of q-axis magnetic flux paths. When armature quadrature-axis current is changed, a saliency ratio of the motor is self-adaptively adjusted with a load magnitude of the motor When the motor operates at low-speed heavy load, the quadrature-axis current is large. In this case, the saliency ratio of the motor is a reverse saliency ratio, so that loading capacity of the motor at the low speed is improved, and an irreversible demagnetization risk of the motor is reduced. When the motor operates at high-speed light load, the quadrature-axis current is small. In this case, the saliency ratio of the motor is a positive saliency ratio. This helps make full use of a reluctance torque, and improve the loading capacity of the motor at the high speed. Therefore, the motor is adapted to conditions with different rotation speeds and load, so that a torque output capability of the motor at the low speed and the high speed is improved.
2. The present disclosure adopts a hybrid permanent magnet material, so that costs of the permanent magnet motor are reduced, and operating reliability of the motor is improved. A triangular arrangement manner of the permanent magnet further improves a torque density and a power density of the motor.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a permanent magnet motor with a variable saliency ratio of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an independent rotor unit (3) in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of magnetic circuit analysis of the independent rotor unit (3) in FIG. I. FIG. 4 is a diagram of related dimensions of the independent rotor unit (3) in FIG. 1, where arrow directions on the permanent magnet B and the permanent magnet A are magnetizing directions, and a direction on a magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet is an orientation direction of a silicon steel sheet material.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
The following further describes the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A permanent magnet motor with a variable saliency ratio includes a stator and a rotor The stator is located on an outer side of the rotor; a layer of air gap is provided between the stator and the rotor; the rotor is fixed to a rotation shaft; the stator includes the stator core ( I) and the stator winding (1-1), the stator core (I) includes in armature teeth (1-2) and a stator yoke, a slot shape of a stator slot between the armature teeth (1-2) is a pear shape, the stator winding (1-1) is a distributed integral slot winding, and the stator winding (1-1) is wound on the armature teeth (1-2). The rotor includes n identical independent rotor units (3).
A design method of the permanent magnet motor with the variable saliency ratio includes the following steps: step 1: three armature quadrature-axis magnetic flux paths are designed on a magnetic circuit of the rotor; first, the quadrature-axis magnetic flux path -1 is designed, and a permanent magnet C (3-4) magnetic flux path is designed to converge with a permanent magnet A (3-2) magnetic flux path in the saturation region 1, where when armature quadrature-axis current is small, quadrature-axis magnetic flux preferentially passes through the q-axis magnetic flux path -1, namely, between the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) and the permanent magnet A (3-2), and enables the saturation region 1 to be saturated; step 2: the quadrature-axis magnetic flux path -2 is designed, and a width between the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) and the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and a width between an outer side of the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and the next independent rotor unit (3) are designed, where when the annature quadrature-axis current increases, the quadrature-axis magnetic flux preferentially passes through the q-axis magnetic flux path -2, namely, between the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) and the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), and between the outer side of the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and the next independent rotor unit (3), and enables the saturation region 2 to be saturated step 3: the quadrature-axis magnetic flux path -3 is designed, and a width of the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is designed, where when the armature quadrature-axis current is large, the saturation region 1 and the saturation region 2 are gradually saturated, and the quadrature-axis magnetic flux preferentially passes through the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), and starts from the armature teeth (1-2) and sequentially passes through the air gap into the arc-shaped magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), and then passes through the air gap and returns to the armature teeth (1-2); and step 4: a magnitude of armature current is changed, to implement segmented saturation of the quadrature-axis magnetic flux paths, and change magnetic resistance of the quadrature-axis magnetic flux paths, where when the quadrature-axis magnetic flux constantly increases, the quadrature-axis magnetic flux sequentially passes through the q-axis magnetic flux path -1, the q-axis magnetic flux path -2, and the q-axis magnetic flux path -3, to prompt the saturation region 1 and the saturation region 2 to be saturated in succession, quadrature-axis magnetic resistance constantly increases, and quadrature-axis inductance constantly decreases; because no armature direct-axis current is fed into the stator winding (1-1), a change of direct-axis magnetic resistance of the motor is not obvious, and a change of direct-axis inductance is not large; and therefore, when the armature quadrature-axis current changes, a quadrature-direct axis inductance difference of the motor changes in steps, and a magnitude of the saliency ratio of the motor correspondingly changes.
The independent rotor unit (3) includes the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), the permanent magnet A (3-2), the permanent magnet B (3-3), the permanent magnet C (3-4), the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5), the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6), the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B (3-7), and the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier C (3-8). The magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) is located between the air gap and the permanent magnet A (3-2); the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier C (3-8) is located between the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3); the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B (3-7) is located on two ends of the permanent magnet C (3-4); the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet is located between the air gap and the permanent magnet C (3-4); the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is arc-shaped, and is located on an outer side of the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3); and the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3) are respectively located on two sides of the permanent magnet C (3-4).
The permanent magnet A (3-2), the permanent magnet B (3-3), and the permanent magnet C (3-4) are triangular; magnetizing directions of the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3) are opposite; and a magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet A (3-2) is radial magnetization.
The permanent magnet A (3-2) is made of neodymium iron boron; the permanent magnet B (3-3) and the permanent magnet C (3-4) are each made of ferrite; the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) is made of an oriented silicon steel sheet, and an orientation direction of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) is consistent with that of the permanent magnet C (3-4); the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is made of a soft magnetic material; the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6), the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B (3-7), and the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier C (3-8) are each made of an air magnetic barrier; and the stator core (1) and the rotor core (2) are each made of a non-oriented silicon steel sheet.
Two ends of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) are provided with a convex bayonet with a length of I mm to 3 mm. In this embodiment, the length of the convex bayonet is I mm. The independent rotor unit (3) is provided with a recessed slot, and a depth of the recessed slot is consistent with that of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5), and the recessed slot is fitted with the convex bayonet.
The saliency ratio is a ratio of the quadrature-axis inductance to the direct-axis inductance, and when the saliency ratio is greater than 1, the saliency ratio is a positive saliency ratio; or when the saliency ratio is less than I, the saliency ratio is a reverse saliency ratio.
The saturation region 1 is a region enclosed between the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5), the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B (3-7), the permanent magnet C (3-4), and the permanent magnet A (3-2), and the saturation region 2 is a region enclosed between the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) and the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and a region enclosed between the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and the next independent rotor unit (3).
An angle between the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3) is 30 degrees to 50 degrees. in this embodiment, an angle between the permanent magnet B (3-2) and the permanent magnet C (3-3) is set to 42 degrees.
A thickness of the permanent magnet A (3-2) is the same as that of the permanent magnet B (3-3), and a value of the thickness is I mm to 3 mm. A thickness of the permanent magnet C (3-4) is 1 mm to 5 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3) is 2.4 mm, and the thickness of the permanent magnet C (3-4) is 3 mm.
The magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is U-shaped, trapezoidal, or arc-shaped. In this embodiment, the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is arc-shaped.
A linear distance between the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) and the permanent magnet A (3-2) is Li, and 3 mm<L1<6 mm is satisfied. In this embodiment, a value of Ll is 4.6 mm. The thickness of the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is L2, and 1 mm<L2<4 mm is satisfied. In this embodiment, a value of L2 is 3.1 mm. A distance between an end portion of the air magnetic barrier A (3-2) and the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-I) is L4, and 1 mm<L4<4 mm is satisfied. In this embodiment, a value of L4 is 1.6 mm. A distance between the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and the next independent rotor unit (3) is L3, and I mm<L3<4 mm is satisfied. In this embodiment, a value of L4 is 1.8 mm.
The foregoing are merely preferred implementations of the present disclosure, but are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, or the like made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (7)
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- What is claimed is: 1. A permanent magnet motor with a variable saliency ratio, characterized by comprising a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator is located on an outer side of the rotor; a layer of air gap is provided between the stator and the rotor; the rotor is fixed to a rotation shaft; the stator comprises a stator core ( I) and a stator winding (1-1), the stator core (1) comprises m armature teeth (1 -2) and a stator yoke, a slot shape of a stator slot between the armature teeth (1-2) is a pear shape, the stator winding (1-1) is a distributed integral slot winding, and the stator winding (1-1) is wound on the armature teeth (1-2); and the rotor comprises n identical independent rotor units (3); and the independent rotor unit (3) comprises a magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), a permanent magnet A (3-2), a permanent magnet B (3-3), a permanent magnet C (3-4), a magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5), a magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6), a magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B (3-7), and a magnetic isolation magnetic barrier C (3-8); wherein the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) is located between the air gap and the permanent magnet A (3-2); the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier C (3-8) is located between the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3); the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B (3-7) is located on two ends of the permanent magnet C (3-4); the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) is located between the air gap and the permanent magnet C (3-4); the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is arc-shaped, and is located on an outer side of the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3); and the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3) are respectively located on two sides of the permanent magnet C (3-4) 2. The permanent magnet motor with the variable saliency ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that, the permanent magnet A (3-2), the permanent magnet B (3-3), and the permanent magnet C (3-4) are triangular; magnetizing directions of the permanent magnet A (3-2) and the permanent magnet B (3-3) are opposite; and a magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet A (3-2) is radial magnetization.
- 3. The permanent magnet motor with the variable saliency ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that, the permanent magnet A (3-2) is made of neodymium iron boron; the permanent magnet B (3-3) and the permanent magnet C (3-4) are each made of ferrite; the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) is made of an oriented silicon steel sheet, and an orientation direction of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) is consistent with that of the permanent magnet C (3-4); the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) is made of a soft magnetic material, and the stator core (1) and a rotor core (2) are each made of a non-oriented silicon steel sheet.
- 4. The permanent magnet motor with the variable saliency ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that, two ends of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) are provided with a convex bayonet with a length of 1 mm to 3 mm; the independent rotor unit (3) is provided with a recessed slot, and a depth of the recessed slot is consistent with that of the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5), and the recessed slot is fitted with the convex bayonet.
- 5. A design method of the permanent magnet motor with the variable saliency ratio according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1: designing three armature quadrature-axis magnetic flux paths on a magnetic circuit of the rotor; first designing a quadrature-axis magnetic flux path -1, and designing a permanent magnet C (3-4) magnetic flux path to converge with a permanent magnet A (3-2) magnetic flux path in a saturation region 1, wherein when armature quadrature-axis current is small, quadrature-axis magnetic flux preferentially passes through the q-axis magnetic flux path -1, namely, between the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5) and the permanent magnet A (3-2), and enables the saturation region 1 to be saturated; step 2: designing a quadrature-axis magnetic flux path -2, and designing a width between the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) and the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and a width between an outer side of the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and a next independent rotor unit (3), wherein when the armature quadrature-axis current increases, the quadrature-axis magnetic flux preferentially passes through the q-axis magnetic flux path -2, namely, between the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) and the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), and between the outer side of the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and the next independent rotor unit (3), and enables a saturation region 2 to be saturated; step 3: designing a quadrature-axis magnetic flux path -3, and designing a width of the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), wherein when the armature quadrature-axis current is large, the saturation region 1 and the saturation region 2 are gradually saturated, and the quadrature-axis magnetic flux preferentially passes through the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), and starts from the armature teeth (1-2) and sequentially passes through the air gap into the arc-shaped magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1), and then passes through the air gap and returns to the armature teeth (1-2); and step 4: changing a magnitude of armature current, to implement segmented saturation of the quadrature-axis magnetic flux paths, and change magnetic resistance of the quadrature-axis magnetic flux paths, wherein when the quadrature-axis magnetic flux constantly increases, the quadrature-axis magnetic flux sequentially passes through the q-axis magnetic flux path -1, the q-axis magnetic flux path -2, and the q-axis magnetic flux path -3, to prompt the saturation region 1 and the saturation region 2 to be saturated in succession, quadrature-axis magnetic resistance constantly increases, and quadrature-axis inductance constantly decreases, because no armature direct-axis current is fed into the stator winding (1-1), a change of direct-axis magnetic resistance of the motor is not obvious, and a change of direct-axis inductance is not large; and therefore, when the armature quadrature-axis current changes, a quadrature-direct axis inductance difference of the motor changes in steps, and a magnitude of the saliency ratio of the motor correspondingly changes.
- 6. The design method of the permanent magnet motor with the variable saliency ratio according to claim 5, characterized in that, the saliency ratio is a ratio of the quadrature-axis inductance to the direct-axis inductance, and when the saliency ratio is greater than 1, the saliency ratio is a positive saliency ratio; or when the saliency ratio is less than I, the saliency ratio is a reverse saliency ratio.
- 7. The design method of the permanent magnet motor with the variable saliency ratio according to claim 5, characterized in that, the saturation region 1 is a region enclosed between the magnetic conductive silicon steel sheet (3-5), the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier B (3-7), the permanent magnet C (3-4), and the permanent magnet A (3-2), and the saturation region 2 is a region enclosed between the magnetic isolation magnetic barrier A (3-6) and the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-1) and a region enclosed between the magnetic attractive magnetic bridge (3-I) and the next independent rotor unit (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111677293.3A CN114204710B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Variable salient pole rate permanent magnet motor and design method thereof |
| PCT/CN2022/070670 WO2023123534A1 (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2022-01-07 | Variable-saliency-ratio permanent magnet motor and design method therefor |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB202218905D0 GB202218905D0 (en) | 2023-01-25 |
| GB2612462A true GB2612462A (en) | 2023-05-03 |
| GB2612462B GB2612462B (en) | 2024-04-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2218905.4A Active GB2612462B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2022-01-07 | Permanent magnet motor with variable saliency ratio and design method thereof |
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| GB (1) | GB2612462B (en) |
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| CN104638863A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江迈雷科技有限公司 | Permanent-magnet synchronous motor |
| CN106026597A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏大学 | Built-in magnetic barrier type magnetic field enhanced permanent magnet brushless motor |
| EP3767809A1 (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2021-01-20 | Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai | Permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor and electric vehicle provided with same |
| WO2021065687A1 (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Rotor and motor |
| CN112769307A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-05-07 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Asymmetric permanent magnet memory motor with dynamically adjustable shaft offset capability |
| CN114204710A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 江苏大学 | Permanent magnet motor with multiple salient pole ratios and design method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-01-07 GB GB2218905.4A patent/GB2612462B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104638863A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江迈雷科技有限公司 | Permanent-magnet synchronous motor |
| CN106026597A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏大学 | Built-in magnetic barrier type magnetic field enhanced permanent magnet brushless motor |
| EP3767809A1 (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2021-01-20 | Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai | Permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor and electric vehicle provided with same |
| WO2021065687A1 (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Rotor and motor |
| CN112769307A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-05-07 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Asymmetric permanent magnet memory motor with dynamically adjustable shaft offset capability |
| CN114204710A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 江苏大学 | Permanent magnet motor with multiple salient pole ratios and design method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2612462B (en) | 2024-04-10 |
| GB202218905D0 (en) | 2023-01-25 |
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