CN112271838A - Motor rotor with magnetic steel in double-V arrangement structure - Google Patents

Motor rotor with magnetic steel in double-V arrangement structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112271838A
CN112271838A CN202011117900.6A CN202011117900A CN112271838A CN 112271838 A CN112271838 A CN 112271838A CN 202011117900 A CN202011117900 A CN 202011117900A CN 112271838 A CN112271838 A CN 112271838A
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China
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
layer
rotor
permanent magnets
permanent
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CN202011117900.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李良梓
周汉秦
周小筠
沈梦杰
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Lishui Fangde Zhiqu Applied Technology Research Institute Co ltd
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Lishui Fangde Zhiqu Applied Technology Research Institute Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011117900.6A priority Critical patent/CN112271838A/en
Publication of CN112271838A publication Critical patent/CN112271838A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor rotor with magnetic steel in a double-V arrangement structure, which comprises a motor shaft, a rotor core, a first layer of permanent magnets and a second layer of permanent magnets, wherein the rotor core is provided with a plurality of permanent magnet grooves, the first layer of permanent magnets and the second layer of permanent magnets are respectively arranged in corresponding permanent magnet grooves, two adjacent first layer of permanent magnets and two adjacent second layer of permanent magnets are arranged at an included angle to form a V-shaped permanent magnet unit, and the plurality of V-shaped permanent magnet units are arranged along the axial direction, and the motor rotor is characterized in that: the V-shaped permanent magnet units formed by the first layer of permanent magnet are positioned in the included angle range area of the V-shaped permanent magnet units formed by the second layer of permanent magnet, and the inner side edge of the first layer of permanent magnet positioned on the same side of the V-shaped permanent magnet units is parallel to the outer side edge of the second layer of permanent magnet or the included angle is less than 10 degrees. The invention can effectively improve the space utilization rate of the rotor and economically improve the peak performance of the motor by using less permanent magnets on the premise of not blocking a Q-axis magnetic circuit.

Description

Motor rotor with magnetic steel in double-V arrangement structure
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a motor rotor with magnetic steel in a double-V arrangement structure.
Background
The new energy automobile requires high motor rotation speed and large torque to meet good starting or climbing capacity and high speed; on the other hand, the motor must have high torque and power density due to the limited space and weight requirements of the passenger car. The PMSM is widely applied to new energy vehicles due to good speed regulation capability and high torque density. In recent years, the design types of rotors are more and more diversified, but the limited rotor space is limited, and the torque and power density of the motor are more and more difficult to improve, so how to effectively utilize the rotor space and further effectively improve the torque and power density of the motor is a key problem in the research of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
The currently common method for increasing the torque power density of the motor comprises the following steps: increasing the grade of the permanent magnet, increasing the width of the permanent magnet, increasing the thickness of the permanent magnet, changing the distribution of magnetic poles, or a combination of the above methods. With the continuous iteration of the rotor design, the torque and the power density of the motor are improved by the method to enter the bottleneck, if the grade of the permanent magnet and the using amount of the permanent magnet are improved without limit, the cost is increased sharply, the performance of the motor is improved slightly, and even a magnetic circuit is deteriorated, so that the performance of the motor is reduced or the loss of the motor is increased, and thus the cost performance and the design rationality of the motor are reduced sharply.
At present, new energy motor manufacturers actively lay out and develop a stator flat copper wire winding technology, and the technology can better improve the temperature of the motor stator side; but the speed is one of the current development trends due to the high speed; the flat copper wire can not solve the problems of loss and temperature rise of the motor at a high-speed section due to the alternating current effect, particularly the temperature of the rotor side, and the temperature of the permanent magnet at the rotor side can even exceed the temperature of the stator side at present; therefore, the loss of the rotor and the temperature of the permanent magnet are reduced, especially the temperature of the permanent magnet close to the outer diameter area of the rotor is higher in magnetic field saturation degree, the loss and the temperature rise are the worst, and the improvement of the high-temperature demagnetization resistance of the permanent magnet in the area is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the motor rotor with the magnetic steel in the double-V arrangement structure, and the motor rotor not only has the advantage of high torque power density, but also has the advantages of low iron loss of a stator and a rotor, easiness in processing of a permanent magnet and contribution to implementation of a diffusion process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a magnet steel becomes electric motor rotor of two V structure of arranging, includes motor shaft, rotor core, first layer permanent magnet and second floor permanent magnet, be equipped with a plurality of permanent magnet grooves on the rotor core, first layer permanent magnet and second floor permanent magnet set up respectively in corresponding permanent magnet groove, and two adjacent first layer permanent magnets, two adjacent second floor permanent magnets all become the contained angle setting and form V-arrangement permanent magnet unit, and a plurality of V-arrangement permanent magnet units are arranged along the axial, its characterized in that: the V-shaped permanent magnet units formed by the first layer of permanent magnet are positioned in the included angle range area of the V-shaped permanent magnet units formed by the second layer of permanent magnet, and the inner side edge of the first layer of permanent magnet positioned on the same side of the V-shaped permanent magnet units is parallel to the outer side edge of the second layer of permanent magnet or the included angle is less than 10 degrees.
Preferably, the included angle formed by the two first-layer permanent magnets in the V-shaped permanent magnet unit is 120 degrees < a <180 degrees.
Preferably, the included angle formed by the two second layers of permanent magnets in the V-shaped permanent magnet unit is 80 ° < a <120 °.
Preferably, the first layer of permanent magnet and the second layer of permanent magnet may both adopt permanent magnets with any one of rectangular, trapezoidal and triangular cross sections.
Preferably, the first layer of permanent magnet and the second layer of permanent magnet both adopt permanent magnets with isosceles trapezoid cross sections.
As a preferred scheme, the first layer of permanent magnet and the second layer of permanent magnet are formed by splicing two symmetrical permanent magnets with right-angled trapezoid cross sections.
Preferably, the two permanent magnets forming the first layer of permanent magnet or the second layer of permanent magnet are directly inserted into the permanent magnet grooves, or the two permanent magnets are inserted into the permanent magnet grooves after being fixed by bonding.
The rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of non-uniform air gaps are further spaced on the outer surface of the rotor core, and a magnetic isolation bridge is formed between two adjacent non-uniform air gaps.
Preferably, a magnet isolation hole is further formed in a rotor core in the middle of the V-shaped permanent magnet unit formed by the second layer of permanent magnets.
Preferably, a plurality of lightening holes are formed in the position, close to the rotor shaft, of the rotor iron core at intervals along the circumferential direction, and a positioning hole is formed between every two adjacent lightening holes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
aiming at the double-V-shaped permanent magnet rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, compared with the traditional method of directly thickening the rectangular permanent magnet to improve the peak performance of the motor, the permanent magnet arrangement form of the invention is adopted to replace the traditional rectangular permanent magnet, so that the space utilization rate of the rotor can be effectively improved on the premise of not blocking a Q-axis magnetic circuit, the peak performance, especially the peak torque, of the motor is economically improved by using less permanent magnets, and the capacity of outputting the maximum peak performance by the permanent magnet in unit volume and the unit magnetic circuit is improved at the same time.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic end view of a rotor sheet of a permanent magnet synchronous motor 1/8 model according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is an end view of a rotor structure of a model permanent magnet synchronous motor 1/8 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an end view of a rotor structure of a conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor 1/8 model;
fig. 4 is a flux density cloud of the rotor structure of the model permanent magnet synchronous motor 1/8 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flux density cloud of a rotor structure of a conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor 1/8 model;
fig. 6 is a graph comparing the off-peak characteristics of the inventive solution with the conventional motor rotor solution.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 6, the motor rotor provided with double V-shaped magnetic steel arrangement structure in this embodiment includes a motor shaft 10, a rotor core 1, a first layer of permanent magnets 2 and a second layer of permanent magnets 3, the rotor core 1 is provided with a plurality of permanent magnet grooves 6, a first layer of permanent magnets 2 and a second layer of permanent magnets 3 are respectively arranged in the corresponding permanent magnet grooves 6, two adjacent first layer of permanent magnets 2 and two adjacent second layer of permanent magnets 3 are arranged at included angles to form V-shaped permanent magnet units, the plurality of V-shaped permanent magnet units are arranged along the axial direction, the V-shaped permanent magnet units formed by the first layer of permanent magnets 2 are positioned in the range of the included angles of the V-shaped permanent magnet units formed by the second layer of permanent magnets 3, and the inner side edge of the first layer of permanent magnet 2 and the outer side edge of the second layer of permanent magnet 3 which are positioned on the same side of the V-shaped permanent magnet unit are mutually parallel or the included angle is less than 10 degrees.
An included angle a formed by two first layers of permanent magnets 2 in the V-shaped permanent magnet unit is 120 degrees < a <180 degrees, and an included angle A formed by two second layers of permanent magnets 3 in the V-shaped permanent magnet unit is 80 degrees < A <120 degrees. The first layer of permanent magnet 2 and the second layer of permanent magnet 3 can both adopt permanent magnets with any one of rectangular, trapezoidal and triangular cross sections. Preferably, the first layer of permanent magnet 2 and the second layer of permanent magnet 3 both adopt permanent magnets with isosceles trapezoid cross sections. Preferably, the first layer of permanent magnet 2 and the second layer of permanent magnet 3 are formed by splicing two symmetrical permanent magnets with right-angled trapezoid cross sections. The two permanent magnets forming the first layer of permanent magnet 2 or the second layer of permanent magnet 3 are directly inserted into the permanent magnet groove 6, or the two permanent magnets are inserted into the permanent magnet groove 6 after being bonded and fixed, and the permanent magnets can reduce the iron loss of a stator and a rotor of the motor at a high-speed continuous working point and the eddy current loss of the permanent magnets by using a mirror symmetry bonding technology.
A plurality of non-uniform air gaps 4 are further arranged on the outer side surface of the rotor core 1 at intervals, and a magnetic isolation bridge 7 is formed between every two adjacent non-uniform air gaps 4. And a magnetic isolation hole 5 is also formed in the rotor core in the middle of the V-shaped permanent magnet unit formed by the second layer of permanent magnets 3. And a plurality of lightening holes 8 are also formed in the position, close to the rotor shaft 10, of the rotor core at intervals along the circumferential direction, and a positioning hole 9 is also formed between every two adjacent lightening holes 8.
Wherein, the rotor core 1 is used for providing a path for transferring magnetic field energy; the first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 are used for providing permanent magnetic fields; the non-uniform air gap 4 is used for reducing harmonic waves, so that the loss, the torque ripple and the like of the motor are reduced; the magnetism isolating holes 5 are used for preventing the magnetic leakage of the permanent magnets 3 at the inner sides, and two ribs can be formed to reduce the stress of the motor at high speed; the permanent magnet slot 6 is used for placing the permanent magnet 2 and the permanent magnet 3; the magnetic isolation bridge 7 is used for preventing the first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 from generating magnetic flux leakage at the outer sides; the lightening holes 8 are used for reducing the rotational inertia of the rotor, and meanwhile, the lightening holes are close to the motor shaft 10, so that the magnetic density of the motor shaft 10 can be effectively reduced, the shaft current in the motor shaft 10 is further reduced, and the bearing ablation phenomenon can be effectively prevented; the positioning hole 9 is used for positioning a tool; the motor shaft 10 is connected to the rotor core 1 and transmits torque.
Fig. 1 is a detailed illustration of the dimensions of the first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3: the first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 are both isosceles trapezoids, are formed by splicing two symmetrical right-angled trapezoids, and adopt a diffusion process. The main parameters involved are: an included angle a of the first permanent magnet 2, a bottom side length b of the first permanent magnet 2, a top side length d of the first permanent magnet 2, a waist length c of the first permanent magnet 2, an angle e of the first permanent magnet 2 and an angle f of the first permanent magnet 2; an included angle A of the second permanent magnet 3, a bottom side length B of the second permanent magnet 3, a top side length D of the second permanent magnet 3, a waist length C of the second permanent magnet 3, an angle E of the second permanent magnet 3 and an angle F of the second permanent magnet 3; by adjusting the above parameters of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, the two layers of permanent magnets can form different shapes such as rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, etc., wherein the angle E + F of the second permanent magnet is 180 degrees, and the angle E + F of the first permanent magnet is 180 degrees.
The invention reasonably increases the using amount of the permanent magnet to improve the peak performance of the motor, particularly the peak torque, on the premise of not obstructing the Q-axis magnetic circuit of the motor. That is, compared with the traditional rectangular permanent magnet design, the trapezoidal permanent magnet design is adopted, and the same permanent magnet usage amount is adopted, so that higher peak torque performance can be realized. Specifically, the conventional scheme 1 is illustrated in detail by comparing with the scheme of the present invention through fig. 2 to 6.
Conventional solution 1, as shown in fig. 3, represents a conventional rectangular permanent magnet solution, where a ═ 110 °, B ═ 6mm, C ═ 15mm, D ═ 6mm, E ═ 90 °, F ═ 90 °; a 130 °, b 3.2mm, c 7.5mm, d 3.2mm, e 90 ° and f 90 °.
Scheme 2 of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, where a is 110 °, B is 8mm, C is 15.1mm, D is 4mm, E is 82.4 °, and F is 97.6 °; 130 ° for a, 4.2mm for b, 7.6mm for c, 2.2mm for d, 82.4 ° for e, and 97.6 ° for f. The above parameters are described: the permanent magnet of the scheme 2 of the invention is formed by splicing the rectangular permanent magnets at the corresponding positions of the traditional scheme 1 after beveling, namely the permanent magnets of the scheme 2 of the invention and the traditional scheme 1 are kept consistent in use amount.
Fig. 6 is a comparison of the external peak characteristic curves of the conventional scheme 1 and the inventive scheme 2 under the same peak current and voltage boundary conditions. Therefore, compared with the scheme 1, the utilization rate of the rotor space is improved after the permanent magnet shape is changed into the trapezoid in the scheme 2, and the magnetic circuit between the two layers of original permanent magnets cannot be obstructed. According to the simulation result, the peak performance of the scheme 2 is higher than that of the scheme 1, and the permanent magnets are consistent in usage amount, namely the scheme 2 has the advantage of outputting higher peak performance at the same cost as the scheme 1.
In addition, the rotor of the scheme 2 has lower overall flux density level than the rotor of the scheme 1, because the thickness of the large permanent magnet of the scheme 2 is thinner at the position closer to the outer diameter of the rotor, so that the magnetic circuit at the position is wider, and the flux density is lower, as can be seen from the table 1, and the area with the flux density larger than 1.8T is marked in black. It can be seen that in the scheme 2, the area of the region with the magnetic density larger than 1.8T is obviously smaller than that of the scheme 1. In addition, because scheme 2 high magnetic density region is less, the rotor iron loss at important operating point is lower, bonds the application of magnet steel simultaneously, has further reduced the eddy current loss of magnet steel, and table 1 has compared scheme 1 and scheme 2 the rotor loss condition (rotor iron loss + magnet steel loss) at high-speed operating point. It can be seen that the rotor loss level is lower for scheme 2 compared to scheme 1.
Figure BDA0002730950740000031
TABLE 1
The symmetrical permanent magnet in the scheme 2 has the characteristic of thinner thickness close to the outer diameter side of the rotor, the diffusion process of the permanent magnet is convenient to implement, and the diffusion effect close to the outer diameter side of the rotor is better than that close to the inner diameter side. Because the temperature of the permanent magnet is higher near the outer diameter side of the rotor, the magnetic steel is required to have better demagnetization resistance, and the current latest magnetic steel process characteristics can just meet the requirement.
The mirror image trapezoidal permanent magnet can effectively utilize the emerging permanent magnet permeation process at present, and the part of the permanent magnet close to the outer diameter part of the rotor obtains higher coercive force by utilizing the content of the least heavy rare earth Dy or Te, so that the high-temperature demagnetization resistance of the motor can be improved; therefore, the design of the invention can ensure and even improve the stability and reliability of the product under the condition of reducing the use of rare earth resources.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a magnet steel becomes electric motor rotor of two V structure of arranging, includes motor shaft (10), rotor core (1), first layer permanent magnet (2) and second floor permanent magnet (3), be equipped with a plurality of permanent magnet grooves (6) on rotor core (1), first layer permanent magnet (2) and second floor permanent magnet (3) set up respectively in corresponding permanent magnet groove (6), and two adjacent first layer permanent magnets (2), two adjacent second floor permanent magnet (3) all become the contained angle and set up and form V-arrangement permanent magnet unit, and a plurality of V-arrangement permanent magnet units are arranged along the axial, its characterized in that: the V-shaped permanent magnet unit formed by the first layer of permanent magnet (2) is positioned in the included angle range area of the V-shaped permanent magnet unit formed by the second layer of permanent magnet (3), and the inner side edge of the first layer of permanent magnet (2) positioned on the same side of the V-shaped permanent magnet unit is parallel to the outer side edge of the second layer of permanent magnet (3) or the included angle is less than 10 degrees.
2. Electric motor rotor with double V-arrangement of magnetic steel according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle formed by the two first layers of permanent magnets (2) in the V-shaped permanent magnet units is 120 ° < a <180 °.
3. Electric motor rotor with double V-arrangement of magnetic steel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the angle formed by two second layers of permanent magnets (3) in the V-shaped permanent magnet units is 80 ° < a <120 °.
4. The rotor of a motor with double-V-shaped magnetic steel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the first layer of permanent magnets (2) and the second layer of permanent magnets (3) can both adopt permanent magnets with any one of rectangular, trapezoidal and triangular cross sections.
5. The rotor of an electric machine with double-V-shaped magnetic steel arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the first layer of permanent magnets (2) and the second layer of permanent magnets (3) both adopt permanent magnets with isosceles trapezoid cross sections.
6. The rotor of a motor with double-V-shaped magnetic steel arrangement structure according to claim 5, wherein the first layer of permanent magnets (2) and the second layer of permanent magnets (3) are formed by splicing two symmetrical permanent magnets with right-angled trapezoid cross sections.
7. The rotor of an electric machine with double-V arrangement of magnetic steel according to claim 6, wherein two permanent magnets forming the first layer of permanent magnets (2) or the second layer of permanent magnets (3) are directly inserted into the permanent magnet slots (6), or the two permanent magnets are fixed by bonding and then inserted into the permanent magnet slots (6).
8. The rotor of an electric machine with double-V-shaped magnetic steel arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of non-uniform air gaps (4) are further arranged on the outer side surface of the rotor core (1) at intervals, and a magnetic isolation bridge (7) is formed between two adjacent non-uniform air gaps (4).
9. The rotor of an electric machine with double-V-shaped magnetic steel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the rotor core in the middle of the V-shaped permanent magnet unit formed by the second layer of permanent magnets (3) is further provided with a magnetic isolation hole (5).
10. The rotor of an electric machine with double-V-shaped magnetic steel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of lightening holes (8) are further formed in the position, close to a rotor shaft (10), of the rotor core at intervals along the circumferential direction, and positioning holes (9) are further formed between every two adjacent lightening holes (8).
CN202011117900.6A 2020-10-19 2020-10-19 Motor rotor with magnetic steel in double-V arrangement structure Pending CN112271838A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114513069A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-05-17 天津大学 Permanent magnet starting/power generator double V-shaped rotor for hybrid electric vehicle
EP4064526A1 (en) * 2021-03-26 2022-09-28 Hefei Jee Power Systems Co., Ltd. Rotary motor sheet and rotor
EP4096064A1 (en) * 2021-05-28 2022-11-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A rotor of an electric rotating machine and an electric rotating machine comprising such a rotor
WO2023000735A1 (en) * 2021-07-22 2023-01-26 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 Motor rotor, permanent magnet synchronous motor, and vehicle

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4064526A1 (en) * 2021-03-26 2022-09-28 Hefei Jee Power Systems Co., Ltd. Rotary motor sheet and rotor
EP4096064A1 (en) * 2021-05-28 2022-11-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A rotor of an electric rotating machine and an electric rotating machine comprising such a rotor
WO2022249147A1 (en) * 2021-05-28 2022-12-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A rotor of an electric rotating machine and an electric rotating machine comprising such a rotor
WO2023000735A1 (en) * 2021-07-22 2023-01-26 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 Motor rotor, permanent magnet synchronous motor, and vehicle
CN114513069A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-05-17 天津大学 Permanent magnet starting/power generator double V-shaped rotor for hybrid electric vehicle

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