CN112003399A - Rotor, motor, compressor, air conditioner and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a rotor, a motor, a compressor, an air conditioner and a vehicle. Wherein, the rotor includes: the rotor comprises a rotor iron core, wherein a plurality of magnet slots are formed in the rotor iron core; the permanent magnet is arranged in the magnet groove; the first through hole is arranged on the rotor core, is close to one side of the outer contour line of the rotor core, and is positioned between the outer contour line of the rotor core and the magnet slot; the ratio of the minimum distance L1 from the first through hole to the magnet slot to the thickness hm of the permanent magnet is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3. The rotor provided by the invention can furthest improve the using amount of the permanent magnet to achieve the purpose of improving the magnetic load, the number of the magnets is increased, the built-in depth of the magnets is increased, and the copper loss and the eddy current loss of the magnets are reduced, so that the efficiency of the motor is improved, the q-axis inductance is reduced, and the requirements of high-speed operation and low noise can be met.

Description

Rotors, motors, compressors and air conditioners, vehicles

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular, to a rotor, a motor, a compressor, an air conditioner and a vehicle.

Background technique

In the related art, the commonly used variable frequency permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor magnet adopts the "V" shape, resulting in a large q-axis inductance Lq. When the motor runs at high speed, the power supply voltage cannot be further improved due to the set value, resulting in the motor running at high speed. Under the condition of high torque, it enters the field weakening in advance, and the operation under the high torque load condition is limited at the highest operating speed, and after the motor enters the field weakening operation, the motor noise becomes worse.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

To this end, a first aspect of the present invention proposes a rotor.

A second aspect of the present invention proposes a motor.

A third aspect of the present invention provides a compressor.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an air conditioner.

A fifth aspect of the present invention proposes a vehicle.

In view of this, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a rotor is provided, the rotor includes: a rotor iron core, and a plurality of magnet slots are arranged on the rotor iron core; a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is arranged in the magnet slot; a first The through hole is arranged on the rotor iron core, the first through hole is close to the side of the outer contour line of the rotor iron core, and the first through hole is located between the outer contour line of the rotor iron core and the magnet slot; wherein, the first through hole is The ratio of the minimum distance L1 to the magnet slot and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3.

The rotor provided by the present invention includes a rotor iron core and a permanent magnet. The rotor iron core is provided with a plurality of magnet slots, the permanent magnets are mounted on the magnet slots, and the rotor iron core is provided with a first through hole, and the through hole is located at the edge of the rotor iron core and Between the magnet slots, the minimum distance from the first through hole to the magnet slot is L1, and the thickness of the permanent magnet along the magnetization direction is hm, which satisfies: 1≤L1/hm≤3. In the rotor provided by the present invention, the magnet slots and the first through holes arranged in the area included in the edge of the rotor core can saturate the q-axis magnetic circuit and further reduce the q-axis inductance. In the prior art, the "V" shape of the rotor magnet can increase the amount of magnets, but the "V" shape design leads to a large q-axis inductance Lq. Although the ratio of the salient pole ratio Lq/Ld is large when Lq is large, the motor can use the magnetic field. Resistance torque, increase the maximum torque of the motor, but when the motor is running at high speed, because the power supply voltage is limited by the battery and is a set value, it cannot be further increased, resulting in the motor entering the field weakening in advance under the condition of high speed and high torque, and the highest running The operation of the high torque load under the rotating speed is limited, and the noise of the motor becomes worse after the motor enters the field weakening operation. Therefore, the rotor core provided in the present invention is provided with a first through hole, and the position of the first through hole is reasonably set , and the dimensional relationship with the thickness of the permanent magnet, thereby reducing the q-axis inductance, which can meet the requirements of high-speed operation and low noise. Further, the first through hole is arranged on the rotor iron core to reduce the weight of the rotor and increase the area of the through hole, which satisfies the requirement of large refrigerant flow after miniaturization of the motor under the large displacement compressor.

In addition, the rotor in the above-mentioned technical solution provided by the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

In the above technical solution, preferably, the axis of symmetry of the magnet slot is used as the d-axis, and the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the d-axis is D1; the center line of the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles is used as the The diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the q axis is D2, and the difference between D1 and D2 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 1.6 mm.

In this technical solution, the axis of symmetry of the magnet slot is taken as the d axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the d axis of the rotor is D1, the central axis of the adjacent magnetic poles is the q axis, and the rotor core corresponding to the q axis The diameter of the outer contour line is D2, and the relationship between D1 and D2 satisfies: 0.2mm≤D1-D2≤1.6mm, so that the air gap at the q axis is larger than the air gap at the d axis, so that the magnetic flux leakage at the q axis is reduced. Small magnetic flux leakage between poles reduces iron loss, thereby improving motor efficiency, and at the same time meeting the requirements for the maximum amount of magnets, and the air gap is non-uniformly designed to minimize the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density and improve noise.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the outer contour of any cross section of the rotor core includes at least four arcs and/or straight lines.

In this technical solution, the outer edge of the rotor core is composed of more than 4 arcs and/or straight lines. Specifically, the outer contour of the rotor core may include multiple arcs connected end to end, or multiple straight lines connected end to end. Or include arcs and straight lines. The arcs and straight lines are connected to form an outer contour. By setting multiple arcs and/or straight lines, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core is designed to be non-uniform, and the air gap magnetic density is minimized. Harmonic content, reducing iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving motor efficiency.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the distance from the corresponding outer contour line between the adjacent d-axis to the q-axis to the geometric center of the rotor core is gradually reduced from the D1 to L3, and then gradually increases. up to the D2; wherein, the L3 is the minimum value among the distances from all points on the outer contour of the rotor core to the geometric center.

In this technical solution, the corresponding outer contour lines between the adjacent d-axes and the q-axes are gradually recessed from the d-axes and the q-axes to the side of the geometric center of the rotor core, so that the outer contour lines between the d-axes and the q-axes are gradually recessed to the side of the geometric center of the rotor core. The maximum depression is set on the contour line, and the distance from the depression to the rotor core is the minimum of the distances from all points on the entire contour line to the geometric center, so that the outer edge air gap of the rotor core is designed to be non-uniform, and the maximum The reduction of the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density reduces the iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving the motor efficiency.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the difference between 1/2 of D1 and L3 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

In this technical solution, through the reasonable design of the size and relationship between L3 and D1, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core is designed to be non-uniform, which minimizes the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density and reduces the iron loss and impurities. dissipation losses, thereby improving motor efficiency.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, between the adjacent d-axis and q-axis, the distance between the outer contour line and the geometric center of the rotor core is D1, and the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line is θ1; The distance value from the line to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually decreases from D1 to L3, and then gradually increases to D2. The central angle corresponding to the outer contour line is θ2; the distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core The central angle corresponding to the outer contour line gradually decreasing from D1 to L3 is θ3.

In this technical solution, the outer edge of the rotor core is composed of more than 4 arcs or straight lines, and the angle θ1 is rotated from the d axis to the q axis. After the shaft rotates the angle θ1, it rotates the angle θ2 again. The outer contour line corresponding to the angle θ2 is composed of an arc or straight line concave to the inner diameter of the rotor. The angle θ3 reaches the largest depression in the geometric center of the rotor core, which makes the outer edge air gap of the rotor core non-uniform design, minimizes the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, and reduces the iron loss and stray loss. Thereby increasing the efficiency of the motor. Here, the angle θ2 is greater than the angle θ3.

Further, the outer contour of the rotor core corresponding to the adjacent d-axis to the q-axis includes four arcs, specifically the first arc corresponding to the angle θ1, the second arc corresponding to the angle θ3, The distance value from the outer contour line corresponding to the angle θ2 to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually increases from L3 to D2. The corresponding outer contour line is the third arc, and the distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core is The outer contour of D2 is the fourth arc.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, in the outer contour line corresponding to θ2, the distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually decreases from D1 to L3. The outer contour line and the distance value are determined by the L3 gradually increases until the contour line corresponding to D2 is an asymmetric structure.

In this technical solution, the outer contour line corresponding to θ2 is divided into two sections by a straight line with a distance L3 passing through the geometric center of the rotor core, and one section is the distance from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core from D1. It is reduced to the outer contour line corresponding to L3, and the other section is the distance from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core. The value gradually increases from the L3 to the contour line corresponding to the D2. The contour lines at both ends are the contour corresponding to L3. The connection between the point on the line and the geometric center has an asymmetric structure, which makes the outer edge air gap of the rotor core non-uniformly designed, minimizes the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, and reduces the iron loss and stray loss. , thereby improving the motor efficiency. Further, the outer contour line corresponding to θ2 is not limited to an asymmetric structure, and may also be a symmetrical structure.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the ratio of the angle θ2 to the angle θ1 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4; the ratio of the angle θ2 to the angle θ3 is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 2.5.

In this technical solution, the angle θ1, angle θ2 and angle θ3 satisfy 1≤θ2/θ1≤4, 1.1≤θ2/θ3≤2.5, which makes the outer edge air gap of the rotor core non-uniformly designed to minimize the air gap The magnetic density harmonic content reduces iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving motor efficiency.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the rotor further comprises: a center hole, which is arranged on the rotor iron core, and the center hole is used to pass through the shaft of the motor; a rivet hole, which is arranged on the rotor iron core, and the rivet hole is located adjacent to Between the two magnetic poles, and close to one end of the center hole, the minimum distance between the rivet hole and the magnet slot is L2, and the relationship between L2 and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet satisfies: 0.3≤L2/hm≤2.

In this technical solution, the rotor iron core is provided with a center hole and a rivet hole, and the center hole is used to pass through the shaft of the motor; The minimum distance is L2, and the distance between L2 and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet along the magnetization direction satisfies: 0.3≤L2/hm≤2, so that the width of the q-axis magnetic circuit between adjacent magnetic poles is small, and under the condition of ensuring the maximum rotor strength, Reduce the q-axis inductance, so that the motor can meet high-speed operation, and reduce noise.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the rotor further comprises: a first end plate and a second end plate, the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively arranged at both ends of the rotor core; Two through holes are arranged on the first end plate and the second end plate, and the second through holes communicate with the first through holes.

In this technical solution, the two ends of the rotor core are further provided with a first end plate and a second end plate respectively, the first end plate and the second end plate are provided with a second through hole, and the second through hole is connected to the rotor. The first through holes on the iron core are connected to each other for gas circulation, which meets the gas circulation requirements after the miniaturization of the motor.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the rotor further comprises: electromagnetic steel plates, which are stacked to form a rotor iron core; the minimum distance among the distances between the magnet slots and the outer contour of the rotor iron core is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel plates .

In this technical solution, the rotor core of the rotor is formed by stacking electromagnetic steel plates to increase axial electrical insulation and reduce eddy current loss. The flow path in turn effectively reduces eddy current losses. The minimum distance between the magnet slot and the outer contour line of the rotor iron core is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel plate, thereby ensuring the mechanical strength of the rotor iron core to meet the requirements of high-speed operation of the motor.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the thickness of a single electromagnetic steel sheet is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

In this technical solution, the thickness of a single electromagnetic steel plate is less than or equal to 0.5 mm, so that the eddy current loss of the rotor iron core is small and the operation efficiency of the motor is improved. The minimum distance between the magnet slot and the outer contour line of the rotor iron core is greater than 0.5mm, which ensures the mechanical strength of the rotor iron core and meets the requirements of high-speed operation of the motor.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the permanent magnets are rare earth NdFeB magnets; the number of the first through holes is multiple, and the multiple first through holes are arranged in a center-symmetrical manner around the geometric center of the rotor core.

In this technical solution, the rare earth NdFeB magnets have high magnetic properties to ensure the operation stability and operation efficiency of the motor. There are a plurality of first through holes arranged centrally symmetrically around the geometric center of the rotor core, which can reduce the weight of the rotor. At the same time, it plays the role of gas circulation, which meets the requirements of gas circulation after the motor is miniaturized, and the first through holes are arranged in a center-symmetrical manner around the geometric center of the rotor core, so that the mass distribution of the rotor can be evenly distributed. Under the high-speed operation of the motor Noise can be reduced.

In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, all permanent magnets corresponding to a single magnetic pole are arranged in a "V" shape or a "W" shape.

In this technical solution, by arranging the permanent magnets in a "V" shape or a "W" shape, compared with the "one" shape arrangement of permanent magnets currently used in the rotor, the amount of permanent magnets can be maximized. To achieve the purpose of increasing the magnetic load, the number of magnets and the built-in depth of the magnets are increased, and the copper loss and the eddy current loss of the magnets are reduced, thereby improving the motor efficiency.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a motor comprising: a stator, the stator including a rotor hole; and the rotor according to any one of the above technical solutions, the rotor being arranged in the rotor hole.

According to the motor provided by the invention, the amount of permanent magnets is maximized, the purpose of increasing the magnetic load is achieved, and the high power density of the motor is realized, and the increase of the magnetic load can reduce the copper loss of the motor, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor. By arranging the first through hole on the rotor iron core, the weight of the rotor is reduced, and the area of the through hole is increased, so as to meet the requirements of the large-displacement compressor and the large refrigerant flow after the motor is miniaturized, and the first through hole is reasonably arranged. The position of , and the dimensional relationship with the thickness of the permanent magnet, thereby reducing the q-axis inductance, which can meet the requirements of high-speed operation and low noise. Further, by designing the shape and size of the outer edge of the rotor iron core, the outer edge air gap of the rotor iron core is designed to be non-uniform, so as to minimize the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density and reduce the iron loss and stray loss, thereby Improve motor efficiency.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a compressor is provided, including the motor described in the above technical solution. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of the motor, which will not be repeated here.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an air conditioner is provided, including the compressor described in any of the above technical solutions. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of the compressor, which will not be repeated here.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle including the motor described in any of the above technical solutions or the compressor described in any of the above technical solutions. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of the motor or the compressor, which will not be repeated here.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the description section that follows, or will be learned by practice of the present invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 12-slot 8-pole rotor of an in-line permanent magnet in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is the 12-slot 8-pole rotor structure schematic diagram of the V-shaped permanent magnet in the prior art;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor of a 12-slot 8-pole motor with slot-pole matching according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator of a 12-slot 8-pole motor with slot-pole matching according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first end plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a comparison of no-load back EMF waveforms of the motor with the rotor shown in FIG. 3 and the stator of FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention and the existing example of the motor with the rotor shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and the stator of FIG. 4 .

Among them, the corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the component names in Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 is:

1 rotor, 102 rotor core, 104 center hole, 106 rivet hole, 108 magnet slot, 110 permanent magnet, 112 first through hole, 2 stator, 202 stator core, 204 stator teeth, 206 winding slot, 208 stator winding, 210 rotor hole, 3 first end plate, 302 second through hole, 304 connecting hole.

Detailed ways

In order to understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict.

Many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific details disclosed below. Example limitations.

The rotor 1 , the motor and the compressor according to some embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , according to an embodiment of the present invention, a rotor 1 is provided. The rotor 1 includes: a rotor iron core 102 , a plurality of magnet slots 108 are arranged on the rotor iron core 102 ; in the magnet slot 108 ; the first through hole 112 is disposed on the rotor iron core 102 , the first through hole 112 is close to the outer contour line of the rotor iron core 102 , and the first through hole 112 is located outside the rotor iron core 102 Between the contour line and the magnet slot 108; wherein, the minimum distance L1 from the first through hole 112 to the magnet slot 108 and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet 110 satisfy: 1≤L1/hm≤3.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the rotor 1 provided by the present invention is composed of a rotor iron core 102 and a permanent magnet 110. The rotor iron core 102 is provided with a plurality of magnet slots 108, the permanent magnets 110 are installed on the magnet slots 108, and the rotor iron core 102 There is a first through hole 112, the through hole is between the edge of the rotor core 102 and the magnet slot 108, wherein the minimum distance from the first through hole 112 to the magnet slot 108 is L1, and the thickness of the permanent magnet 110 along the magnetization direction is hm , satisfying: 1≤L1/hm≤3. In the rotor 1 provided by the present invention, the magnet slot 108 and the first through hole 112 provided in the area included in the edge of the rotor core 102 saturate the q-axis magnetic circuit and further reduce the q-axis inductance. In the prior art, the "V" shape of the rotor magnet can increase the amount of magnets, but the "V" shape design leads to a large q-axis inductance Lq. Although the ratio of the salient pole ratio Lq/Ld is large when Lq is large, the motor can use the magnetic field. Resistance torque, increase the maximum torque of the motor, but when the motor is running at high speed, because the power supply voltage is limited by the battery and is a set value, it cannot be further increased, resulting in the motor entering the field weakening in advance under the condition of high speed and high torque, and the highest running The operation of the high torque load under the rotating speed is limited, and the noise of the motor becomes worse after the motor enters the field weakening operation. Therefore, the rotor core 102 provided in the present invention is provided with the first through hole 112, and the first through hole is set reasonably The position of 112 and the dimensional relationship with the thickness of the permanent magnet 110, thereby reducing the q-axis inductance, which can meet the requirements of high-speed operation and low noise. Further, the first through holes 112 are provided on the rotor iron core 102 to reduce the weight of the rotor 1 and increase the area of the through holes, so as to meet the requirements of large-displacement compressors and large refrigerant flow after miniaturization of the motor.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as shown in FIG. 3 , the axis of symmetry of the magnet slot 108 is taken as the d-axis, and the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 corresponding to the d-axis is D1; The center line of the distance between the two magnetic poles is used as the q axis, and the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 corresponding to the q axis is D2, and the relationship between D1 and D2 satisfies: 0.2mm≤D1-D2≤1.6mm.

In this embodiment, the symmetry axis of the magnet slot 108 is taken as the d axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 corresponding to the 1d axis of the rotor is D1, the central axis of the adjacent magnetic pole is the q axis, and the rotor corresponding to the q axis The diameter of the outer contour line of the iron core 102 is D2, and the distance between D1 and D2 satisfies: 0.2mm≤D1-D2≤1.6mm, so that the air gap at the q axis is larger than the air gap at the d axis, so that the leakage flux at the q axis is reduced. Small, reduce the magnetic flux leakage between the magnetic poles, reduce the iron loss, thus improve the motor efficiency, and meet the requirements of the maximum amount of magnets, and the air gap is non-uniformly designed to minimize the air gap magnetic density harmonic content, improve noise.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as shown in FIG. 3 , the outer contour of any cross section of the rotor core 102 includes at least four arcs and/or straight lines.

In this embodiment, the outer edge of the rotor core 102 is composed of more than four arcs and/or straight lines. Specifically, the outer contour of the rotor core 102 may include multiple arcs connected end to end, or multiple straight lines connected end to end It is composed of, or includes arcs and straight lines. The arcs and straight lines are connected to form an outer contour. By setting multiple arcs and/or straight lines, the outer edge of the rotor core Gap flux density harmonic content, reducing iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving motor efficiency.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the distance value from the corresponding outer contour line between the adjacent d-axis to the q-axis to the geometric center of the rotor core 102 is gradually reduced from the D1 to L3, and then Gradually increase to the D2; wherein, the L3 is the minimum value among the distances from all points on the outer contour of the rotor core 102 to the geometric center.

In this embodiment, the corresponding outer contour lines between the adjacent d-axes to the q-axes are gradually recessed from the d-axes and the q-axes to the side of the geometric center of the rotor core 102, so that the distance between the d-axes and the q-axes is The maximum depression is set on the outer contour, and the distance from the depression to the rotor core 102 is the minimum value among the distances from all points on the entire contour to the geometric center, thereby making the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 non-uniform design. , to minimize the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reduce the iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving the motor efficiency.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the difference between 1/2 of D1 and L3 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

In this embodiment, by rationally designing the dimensions and relationship between L3 and D1, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 is designed to be non-uniform, so as to minimize the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density and reduce the iron loss and stray losses, thereby increasing motor efficiency.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, between the adjacent d-axis to q-axis, the distance between the outer contour line and the geometric center of the rotor core 102 is D1, and the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line is θ1; The distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core 102 gradually decreases from D1 to L3, and then gradually increases to D2. The central angle corresponding to the outer contour line is θ2; The distance value of the center gradually decreases from D1 to the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line of L3 is θ3.

In this embodiment, the outer edge of the rotor core 102 is composed of more than 4 arcs or straight lines, and the angle θ1 is rotated from the d axis to the q axis. After the q-axis rotates by the angle θ1, the angle θ2 is rotated again. The outer contour line corresponding to the angle θ2 is composed of an arc or straight line concave to the inner diameter of the rotor 1. After the d-axis rotates the q-axis by the angle θ1, the angle θ3 is rotated. , the maximum depression of the geometric center of the rotor iron core 102 is reached at the angle θ3, so that the outer edge air gap of the rotor iron core 102 is non-uniformly designed, the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density is minimized, and the iron loss and stray losses, thereby increasing motor efficiency. Here, the angle θ2 is greater than the angle θ3.

Further, the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 corresponding to the adjacent d-axis to the q-axis includes four arcs, specifically the first arc corresponding to the angle θ1, and the second arc corresponding to the angle θ3. , the distance from the outer contour line corresponding to the angle θ2 to the geometric center of the rotor core 102 gradually increases from L3 to D2. The corresponding outer contour line is the third arc, and the distance from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core 102 The outer contour line whose distance value is D2 is the fourth segment arc.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the outer contour line corresponding to θ2, the distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core 102 is gradually reduced from D1 to L3. The outer contour line and the distance value are determined by The contour line corresponding to the L3 gradually increases to the D2 is an asymmetric structure.

In this embodiment, the outer contour line corresponding to θ2 is divided into two segments by a straight line with a distance L3 passing through the geometric center of the rotor core 102, and one segment is the distance from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core 102 by D1 gradually decreases to the outer contour line corresponding to L3, and the other section is the distance from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core 102 gradually increases from the L3 to the contour line corresponding to the D2. The contour lines at both ends are marked by L3 The connection line between the point on the corresponding contour line and the geometric center has an asymmetric structure, so that the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 is designed to be non-uniform, which minimizes the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density and reduces the iron loss. and stray losses, thereby increasing motor efficiency. Preferably, the outer contour line corresponding to θ2 is an asymmetric structure. Further, the outer contour line corresponding to θ2 may also be a symmetrical structure with the line connecting the point on the contour line corresponding to L3 and the geometric center as the symmetry axis.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the ratio of the angle θ2 to the angle θ1 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4; the ratio of the angle θ2 to the angle θ3 is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 2.5.

In this embodiment, the angle θ1, angle θ2 and angle θ3 satisfy 1≤θ2/θ1≤4, 1.1≤θ2/θ3≤2.5, so that the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 is non-uniformly designed to minimize the air gap. Gap flux density harmonic content, reducing iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving motor efficiency.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as shown in FIG. 3 , the rotor 1 further includes: a central hole 104, which is arranged on the rotor iron core 102, and the central hole 104 is used to pass through the shaft of the motor; the rivet hole 106, Set on the rotor core 102, the rivet hole 106 is located between two adjacent magnetic poles, and is close to one end of the central hole 104, and the minimum distance between the rivet hole 106 and the magnet slot 108 is L2, L2 and the permanent magnet 110 The thicknesses hm satisfy: 0.3≤L2/hm≤2.

In this embodiment, the rotor core 102 is provided with a central hole 104 and a rivet hole 106, and the central hole 104 is used to pass through the shaft of the motor; the rivet hole 106 is located between the two magnetic poles on the side of the central hole 104. The minimum distance between 106 and the magnet slot 108 is L2, and the distance between L2 and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet 110 along the magnetization direction satisfies: 0.3≤L2/hm≤2, so that the q-axis magnetic circuit width between adjacent magnetic poles is small. Under the condition of ensuring the strength of the rotor to the greatest extent, the q-axis inductance is reduced, so that the motor can meet the high speed operation and reduce the noise.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as shown in FIG. 5 , the rotor 1 further includes: a first end plate 3 and a second end plate, and the first end plate 3 and the second end plate are respectively disposed on the rotor core The second through holes 302, the second through holes 302 are arranged on the first end plate 3 and the second end plate, and the second through holes 302 communicate with the first through holes 112.

In this embodiment, both ends of the rotor core 102 are further provided with a first end plate 3 and a second end plate, respectively, and the first end plate 3 and the second end plate are provided with second through holes 302 , and the second end plate 3 The through hole 302 communicates with the first through hole 112 on the rotor iron core 102, and is used for gas circulation to meet the gas circulation requirement after the motor is miniaturized. The structure of the second end plate is the same as that of the first end plate 3 .

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the rotor 1 further comprises: electromagnetic steel sheets, which are stacked to form the rotor iron core 102 ; the smallest distance among the distances between the magnet slots 108 and the outer contour line of the rotor iron core 102 greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet.

In this embodiment, the rotor core 102 of the rotor 1 is formed by stacking electromagnetic steel sheets to increase axial insulation and reduce eddy current loss. The path of eddy current flow is effectively reduced and the eddy current loss is effectively reduced. The minimum distance between the magnet slot 108 and the outer contour of the rotor core 102 is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel plate, thereby ensuring the mechanical strength of the rotor core 102 to meet the requirements of high-speed operation of the motor.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the thickness of a single electromagnetic steel sheet is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

In this embodiment, the thickness of a single electromagnetic steel plate is less than or equal to 0.5 mm, so that the eddy current loss of the rotor iron core 102 is small, and the operation efficiency of the motor is improved. The minimum distance between the magnet slot 108 and the outer contour line of the rotor iron core 102 is greater than 0.5 mm, which ensures the mechanical strength of the rotor iron core 102 and meets the requirements of high-speed operation of the motor.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the permanent magnets 110 are rare earth NdFeB magnets; as shown in FIG. 3 , the number of the first through holes 112 is multiple, and the multiple first through holes 112 surround the rotor core The geometric centers of 102 are arranged in a center symmetrical manner.

In this embodiment, the magnetic properties of the rare earth NdFeB magnets are relatively high, which ensures the operation stability and operation efficiency of the motor. The plurality of first through holes 112 are arranged centrally symmetrically around the geometric center of the rotor core 102, which can ensure the operation stability and operation efficiency of the motor. The weight of the rotor is reduced, and at the same time, it plays the role of gas circulation, which meets the requirements of gas circulation after the miniaturization of the motor, and the first through holes 112 are arranged in a center-symmetrical manner around the geometric center of the rotor core 102, which can make the mass distribution of the rotor uniform. Noise can be reduced when the motor runs at high speed.

In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as shown in FIG. 3 , all the permanent magnets 110 corresponding to a single magnetic pole are arranged in a "V" shape or a "W" shape.

In this embodiment, by arranging the permanent magnets 110 in a "V" shape or a "W" shape, compared with the "one" shape arrangement of permanent magnets currently used in the rotor, the amount of permanent magnets used can be maximized , To achieve the purpose of increasing the magnetic load, the number of magnets and the built-in depth of the magnets are increased, and the copper loss and the eddy current loss of the magnets are reduced, thereby improving the motor efficiency.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a motor is provided, which includes a stator 2 including a rotor hole 210 ; and a rotor 1 as in any of the above embodiments, the rotor 1 is disposed in the rotor hole 210 .

According to the motor provided by the present invention, the amount of the permanent magnet 110 is maximized, the purpose of increasing the magnetic load is achieved, and the high power density of the motor is realized, and the increase of the magnetic load can reduce the copper loss of the motor, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor. By arranging the first through hole 112 on the rotor iron core 102, the weight of the rotor 1 is reduced, the area of the through hole is increased, and it can meet the requirements of the large-displacement compressor and the large refrigerant flow after the motor is miniaturized. The position of a through hole 112 and the dimensional relationship with the thickness of the permanent magnet 110, thereby reducing the q-axis inductance, which can meet the requirements of high-speed operation and low noise. Further, by designing the shape and size of the outer edge of the rotor iron core 102, the air gap of the outer edge of the rotor iron core 102 is designed to be non-uniform, so as to minimize the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density and reduce the iron loss and stray loss. , thereby improving the motor efficiency.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 , the motor includes a stator 2 and a rotor 1 , the stator iron core 202 of the stator 2 is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets, and the rotor iron core 102 of the rotor 1 is also formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets. The thicknesses of the electromagnetic steel sheets for laminating the stator iron core 202 and the rotor iron core 102 are both less than or equal to 0.5 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheets in this embodiment is 0.3 mm. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , this implementation The rotor 1 provided in this example has 12 slots and 8 poles, and the stator 2 matched with it is shown in FIG. 4 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , the stator 2 includes a stator iron core 202, a rotor hole 210 for the rotor 1 to pass through, a plurality of winding slots 206 arranged around the rotor hole 210, and a stator winding 208 installed in the winding slot 206; A plurality of the winding slots 206 are arranged in a center symmetrical manner around the rotor hole 210 . The motor stator windings 208 are wound on the stator teeth 204 to form three-phase winding coils of motors A, B and C.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the rotor 1 includes a rotor core 102 , a central hole 104 for the shaft to pass through, a rivet hole 106 for connecting rivets, a plurality of magnet slots 108 provided around the central hole 104 , and a magnet Permanent magnet 110 in slot 108 . The magnet slots 108 and the permanent magnets 110 are arranged in a center symmetrical manner around the central hole 104 , and the permanent magnets 110 under a single magnetic pole are arranged in a "V" shape. A first through hole 112 is provided in the region included in the V-shaped magnet slot 108 and the diameter edge of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 . The magnet slots 108 are disposed adjacent to the diameter edge of the outer contour of the rotor core 102 , and the minimum distance between the magnet slots 108 and the diameter edge of the outer contour of the rotor core 102 is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet, which is 0.5 mm. The rivet holes 106 of the rotor 1 are distributed between the two magnet slots 108 of adjacent magnetic poles, and are arranged centrally symmetrically around the central hole 104 .

Wherein, the minimum distance from the first through hole 112 to the V-shaped magnet slot 108 is L1, and the thickness of the permanent magnet 110 in the magnetization direction is hm, which satisfies: 1≤L1/hm≤3. Specifically, L1=3mm; hm=2.3mm, then L1/hm=1.3, so that the magnetic density of the region included in the diameter edge of the V-shaped magnet slot 108 and the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 is saturated, and the magnetic density reaches 1.4 T, that is, the q-axis magnetic circuit is saturated, which reduces the q-axis inductance, and at the same time meets the requirement that the rotor magnet can be saturated and magnetized, so that the motor can run at high speed and reduce noise.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the central axis of the V-shaped magnet slot 108 is the d axis, the outer diameter of the d axis of the rotor 1 is D1, the central axis of the adjacent magnetic poles is the q axis, and the outer diameter of the q axis of the rotor 1 is D2 , satisfy: 0.2mm≤D1-D2≤1.6mm. Specifically, D1=60mm, D2=59.4mm, then D1-D2=0.6mm, that is, the air gap at the q axis is larger than the air gap at the d axis, so that the magnetic flux leakage at the q axis is reduced, and the magnetic flux leakage between the magnetic poles is reduced, The iron loss is reduced, thereby improving the motor efficiency, and at the same time meeting the requirement of the maximum amount of magnets.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the outer edge of the rotor core 102 is composed of more than three arc segments, from the d-axis to the q-axis direction, the angle θ1 is the arc of the diameter D1, and the arc segment within the angle θ2 is the arc of the diameter D1. It is composed of arc segments with a concave inner diameter, reaching the maximum concave at the angle θ3, satisfying: 1≤θ2/θ1≤4, 1.1≤θ2/θ3≤2.5; The distance is L3, which satisfies: 0.3mm≤D1/2-L3≤2mm. In a specific embodiment, θ1=4.5 degrees, θ2=12 degrees, θ3=8 degrees, L3=28.8, then θ2/θ1=2.7, θ2/θ3=1.5, D1/2-L3=1.2mm, so that the rotor core The non-uniform design of the air gap at the outer edge of the 102 minimizes the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reduces the iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving the motor efficiency.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the rivet holes 106 of the rotor 1 are arranged between adjacent magnetic poles, and the minimum distance from the rivet holes 106 to the V-shaped magnet slot 108 is L2, which satisfies: 0.3≤L2/hm≤2. In a specific embodiment, L2=1.5mm, hm=2.3mm, then L2/hm=0.65, so that the q-axis magnetic circuit width between adjacent magnetic poles is small, and the q-axis is reduced under the condition of ensuring the strength of the rotor 1 to the maximum extent. Inductance, so that the motor can run at high speed and reduce noise.

Compare the performance parameters of the motor composed of the rotor 1 provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 with the performance parameters of the motor in the related art; the existing example is shown in FIG. The number of magnets is 1. The maximum amount of permanent magnets for a single pole is determined by the outer circle of the rotor and the range limited by the pole pitch angle of a single magnetic pole. The pole pitch angle of a single magnetic pole is determined by the number of poles of the motor, and the size of the outer circle of the rotor and the number of poles of the motor are determined. After that, the diameter of the outer contour of the rotor is D1=60mm, the number of motor poles p=4, and the thickness hm of the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet needs to meet the anti-demagnetization requirements. If hm=2.3mm, the maximum amount of permanent magnets under a single magnetic pole is also determined. The width of the permanent magnet is 19.1mm, the magnet eddy current loss is 47.3W and the copper loss is 192.2W at a high speed of 11000 rpm. Compared with the rotor 1 structure of the present invention, the width of the permanent magnet 110 under a single magnetic pole of the present invention is 22mm, the magnet eddy current loss is 9.5W at a high speed of 11,000 rpm, the copper loss is 158.1W, the amount of magnets is increased by 15.2%, and the copper loss is increased by 15.2%. Reduced by 34.1W, the magnet eddy current loss is reduced by 37.8W, the relative value of the motor efficiency (ie the subtraction value of the two efficiencies) is increased by 1.5%, the amount of permanent magnet 110 is maximized, the magnetic load is increased, and the motor power density is improved. .

Compare the performance parameters of the motor composed of the rotor 1 provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 with the performance parameters of the motor in the related art; the existing example is the rotor structure shown in FIG. 2 , and the permanent magnet under a single magnetic pole is the word "V" The diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core is set in a full circle, and the air gap is uniformly designed. No-load iron loss is high, q-axis magnetic circuit reluctance is small, and q-axis inductance is large. The air gap is uniformly designed, the air gap magnetic density is high in harmonic content, and the iron loss and stray loss of the motor are large; the distance from the rivet hole to the magnet slot is large. Compared with the rotor 1 structure of the present invention, the air gap at the q axis of the present invention is larger than the air gap at the d axis, the magnetic leakage between the poles at the q axis is small, the harmonic content of the back EMF is low, the magnetic circuit reluctance of the q axis is large, and the q axis The inductance is small; the air gap is non-uniformly designed to minimize the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density and improve the noise. The relative value of the simulated no-load back EMF harmonic content (that is, the subtraction value of the two harmonic contents) is reduced by 7.55%, and the no-load iron loss is reduced by 6.1%. The lower the harmonic content of the air gap flux density, the better the noise of the motor; the area included in the diameter edge of the V-shaped magnet slot 108 and the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 is set With the first through hole 112, the q-axis magnetic circuit is saturated, further reducing the q-axis inductance, and the q-axis inductance Lq is reduced by 12%; at a high speed of 11,000 rpm, the iron loss is reduced by 27W, and the relative value of the motor efficiency (that is, the efficiency of the two The subtraction value) is increased by 0.6%; the weight of the rotor 1 of the present invention is reduced by 6%.

FIG. 6 is a comparison of the no-load back EMF waveform of the motor with the rotor shown in FIG. 3 and the stator 2 shown in FIG. 4 and the existing example of the rotor shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 with the stator 2 shown in FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention; Compared with the existing example, the back EMF coefficient is increased by 8.5%, and the back EMF is greatly improved. Under the same current, the torque of the motor is increased, the power density of the motor is increased, and the miniaturization of the motor is realized. Compared with the existing V-shape, the harmonic content of the back EMF of the present invention is reduced by 7.55%. The lower the harmonic content of the back EMF, the smaller the iron loss caused by the harmonics, and the higher the motor efficiency.

5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first end plate 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The first end plate 3 and the second end plate have the same structure, and are provided with the first through holes 112 provided in the rotor iron core 102 to cooperate with each other. The second through hole 302 is used for gas flow, and the connecting hole 304 corresponding to the rivet hole 106 is used to meet the gas flow requirement after the motor is miniaturized.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a compressor is provided, including the motor described in the above embodiments. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of the motor, which will not be repeated here.

According to an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present invention, an air conditioner is provided, including the compressor described in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of the compressor, which will not be repeated here.

According to an embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle including the motor according to any of the above embodiments or the compressor according to any of the above embodiments. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of the motor or the compressor, which will not be repeated here.

In the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be It is directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiment", etc. means that a particular feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in the present invention at least one embodiment or example of . In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or instance. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (18)

1. A rotor for an electric motor, wherein the rotor comprises: a rotor iron core, which is provided with a plurality of magnet slots; a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is arranged in the magnet slot; A first through hole is disposed on the rotor iron core, the first through hole is close to the outer contour line of the rotor iron core, and the first through hole is located on the outer contour of the rotor iron core between the contour line and the magnet slot; Wherein, the ratio of the minimum distance L1 from the first through hole to the magnet slot and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3. 2. The rotor of claim 1, wherein Taking the symmetry axis of the magnet slot as the d-axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the d-axis is D1; Taking the center line of the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles as the q-axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the q-axis is D2, and the difference between the D1 and the D2 is greater than or equal to 0.2mm and less than or equal to 1.6mm. 3. The rotor of claim 2, wherein The outer contour of any cross section of the rotor core includes at least four arcs and/or straight lines. 4. The rotor of claim 3, wherein The distance from the corresponding outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core between the adjacent d-axis and the q-axis gradually decreases from the D1 to L3, and then gradually increases to the desired distance. said D2; Wherein, the L3 is the minimum value among the distances from all points on the outer contour of the rotor core to the geometric center. 5. The rotor of claim 4, wherein The difference between 1/2 of the D1 and the L3 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm. 6. The rotor of claim 4, wherein Between the adjacent d-axis and the q-axis, the distance from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core is the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line of the D1; θ1; The distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually decreases from the D1 to L3, and then gradually increases to the D2. The central angle corresponding to the outer contour line is θ2; The distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually decreases from the D1 to the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line of L3 is θ3. 7. The rotor of claim 6, wherein In the outer contour line corresponding to the θ2, the value of the distance from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually decreases from the D1 to the outer contour line corresponding to the L3 and the The contour line corresponding to the distance value gradually increasing from the L3 to the D2 is an asymmetric structure. 8. The rotor of claim 6, wherein The ratio of the θ2 to the θ1 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4; The ratio of the θ2 to the θ3 is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 2.5. 9. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: a center hole, which is arranged on the rotor iron core, and the center hole is used to pass through the shaft of the motor; A rivet hole is arranged on the rotor iron core, the rivet hole is located between two adjacent magnetic poles, and is close to one end of the central hole, and the distance between the rivet hole and the magnet slot is 50% The minimum distance is L2, and the ratio of the L2 to the thickness hm of the permanent magnet is greater than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 2. 10. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: a first end plate and a second end plate, the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively arranged at both ends of the rotor core; A second through hole, the second through hole is disposed on the first end plate and the second end plate, and the second through hole is communicated with the first through hole. 11. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: an electromagnetic steel plate, which is stacked to form the rotor core; The smallest distance among the distances between the magnet slot and the outer contour line of the rotor core is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet. 12. The rotor of claim 11, wherein The thickness of a single said electromagnetic steel sheet is less than or equal to 0.5mm. 13. The rotor of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The permanent magnet is a rare earth NdFeB magnet; The number of the first through holes is multiple, and the plurality of first through holes are arranged in a center-symmetrical manner around the geometric center of the rotor core. 14. The rotor of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein All the permanent magnets corresponding to a single magnetic pole are arranged in a "V" shape or a "W" shape. 15. A motor, characterized in that, comprising: a stator including a rotor bore; and The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 14, which is arranged in the rotor hole. 16. A compressor comprising the motor of claim 15. 17. An air conditioner comprising the compressor of claim 16. 18. A vehicle, characterized by comprising the electric motor as claimed in claim 15; or the compressor as claimed in claim 16.

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