GB2603197A - Security Bollard System, Installation and Method - Google Patents

Abstract

A security bollard system for use on bridges to separate vehicles from pedestrian walkways or cycle paths comprises a plurality of bollard modules 12 having a baseplate 14 and a bollard post 16. A plurality of link plates 18 connect adjacent baseplates and a plurality of reinforcement modules 22 extend between adjacent bollard modules. The baseplates, linking plates and reinforcement modules are encased in concrete. The bollard post may comprise inner and outer members and each baseplate may comprise a plurality of threaded studs 24 which may extend through slots in the linking plates. The reinforcement modules may comprise rebar cages and further rebar reinforcement 36 may surround the bollard posts. The rebar cages may be encased in concrete to form a raised curb. A security bollard installation comprises a first bollard system connected to a second by a movable link. A method of installing a security bollard system comprises the steps of locating a link plate within a rebar cage and using shuttering to control the flow of concrete.

Description

SECURITY BOLLARD SYSTEM, INSTALLATION AND METHOD

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a security bollard system, a security bollard installation and a method. In particular the invention relates security bollard systems for mitigating against hostile vehicle attacks.

BACKGROUND

Security bollard systems for mitigating against hostile vehicle attacks are known in the art.

The majority of such systems either require a deep underground foundation or very large and heavy plates on which they are mounted. Whilst these are suitable for many applications they are not appropriate for use on structures such as bridges where there is limited space and a structural deck close below the surface in which deep footings cannot be placed. Bridges are a particularly dangerous place for hostile vehicle attacks as there is limited space for pedestrians to move out of the way of a vehicle if it were to mount the pavement, as demonstrated by the 2017 terrorist attack on London Bridge.

The present invention aims to provide a security bollard system that is suitable for use on bridges, in particular for separating a vehicular flow from a pedestrian walkway or cycle path, which addresses one or more of the disadvantages associated with the prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a security bollard system comprising: a plurality of bollard modules each comprising a baseplate and a bollard post extending from said baseplate; a plurality of link plates extending between and bolted to adjacent baseplates of said plurality of bollard modules; and a plurality of reinforcement modules extending between adjacent bollard modules. The baseplates, link plates and reinforcement modules are encased in concrete.

It is an advantage of the invention that the entire structure of the bollard can sit above a structural surface on which it is mounted and the combined mass of a run of the bollard modules and the concrete is sufficient to stop penetration by a hostile vehicle.

In a preferred embodiment the baseplate of each bollard module is substantially planar, and the bollard post comprises a hollow outer member passing through the base plate and welded thereto, and an inner member located inside the hollow outer member and welded thereto at a lower end thereof The outer member may be longer than the inner member, and both inner and outer members may comprise steel tubes.

In an embodiment the bollard module further comprises a tubular collar extending around the base of the outer member and located adjacent an upper surface of the baseplate. The tubular collar is welded to said upper surface of the baseplate at a first end, and welded to the outer surface of the outer member at a second end. The inner and outer member may each further comprise an end cap closing their respective distil ends.

The multiple layers, inner add outer tube, add strength to the bollard and by maintaining them unattached at their upper end they are permitted to deform independently under impact. The use of the collar a the lower end reinforces the base and strengthens the joint between the bollard and the base plate.

Each baseplate may comprise a plurality of threaded studs extending therefrom. The link plates may each have an elongate slot at either end thereof through which the threaded studs extend, and the security bollard system may further comprise a plurality of nuts securing said link plates to said base plates, optionally using a washer between the nut and link plate. By using slots rather than holes in the link plates several advantages are achieved. Firstly ease of installation is significantly improved as small differences in the distance between the bollards is easily accommodated by the slot. This advantage is particularly beneficial when it is necessary to form a curved barrier with the bollard system. Secondly, in the event that there is any movement in the steel structure of the bollard under impact, even a small amount of slip of the link plate between the baseplate and the nut or washer holding it in place extends the duration of the impact, which reduces the instantaneous peak force of impact.

In an embodiment the plurality of reinforcement modules comprises a plurality of rebar cages, each of which extend between adjacent bollard posts above said baseplates, and wherein said rebar cages are clamped to said adjacent baseplates by one of the link plates.

It will be appreciated that other reinforcement material other than rebar may be used. Preferably the security bollard system further comprises rebar reinforcement extending between said rebar cages so that said bollard posts are surrounded by reinforcement, i.e. they each have reinforcement to the front, rear, and both sides thereof, so that the reinforcement in the concrete is essentially continuous as it passes each bollard post.

In a preferred embodiment the bollard posts are located towards an impact facing end of the base plate which, in use, is an end towards a direction from which the barrier is intended to protect.

The plurality of link plates preferably comprise a plurality of first link plates extending between adjacent base plates at a location towards the impact facing end, and a plurality of second link plates extending between adjacent base plates at a location towards an end opposite to the impact facing end. In such an arrangement the effect of the use of slots in the link plates is greater. In particular it allows a curved barrier to be achieved as it allows a greater separation at one end of the barrier than the other, and having four attachment points on each baseplate increases the resistance to movement under impact thereby increasing the effect of elongating the duration of impact and thereby further reducing the instantaneous peak force.

In an embodiment the plurality of reinforcement modules further comprises a plurality of rebar frames adjacent to and overlapping said base plates at an end opposite to the impact facing end, and extending outwardly therefrom, i.e. the rebar frames extend outwardly from the said opposite ends, i.e. they extend away from the impact facing direction.

The security bollard system described herein may be a bridge security bollard system. The security bollard system described herein is particularly advantageous for surface mounting on a structural slab to form a barrier between a passageway for motorised vehicles and a passageway for non-motorised vehicles or pedestrians. In a preferred embodiment the rebar cages are encased in concrete to form a raised curb from which said bollard posts extend.

The raised curb can form a clear demarcation between the vehicle passageway and the passageway for non-motorised vehicles or pedestrians.

According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a security bollard installation comprising first and second security bollard systems of the invention, as described above, said first and second security bollard systems respectively having a first and second end bollard module, said first and second end bollard modules adjacent to, and spaced from, one another, wherein said end bollard modules are connected to an adjacent bollard module of their respective security barrier system by means of one or more link plate, and wherein the security bollard installation comprises a movable link between said first and second end bollard modules.

Accordingly the end bollard modules of each security bollard system may be attached to an adjacent bollard module of that security bollard system in the same manner as the plurality of bollard modules are connected to one another, i.e. by a link plate. The link plate is substantially arranged as described above. The movable link between the first and second end bollard modules allows the first and second security bollard systems to be attached to one another, yet also allow for small amounts of movement there between. In this manner a continuous protection against hostile vehicle attacks can be provided even where small amounts of relative movement occur at specific points along the length of the protection. In particular this is beneficial when providing protection on a bridge, or other similar structure where expansion joints, allowing relative movement to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction, are an integral standard part of their construction.

In an embodiment the movable link comprises at least one joining plate connected to the first and second end bollard modules. The joining plate may be pivotally connected to the first and second end bollard modules. Pivotal connection allows for relative vertical movement between the ends of the security barrier systems across the expansion joint.

The joining plate may comprise an elongate slot therein and the joining plate may be connected to at least one of the first and second end bollard modules through said slot. The provision of the slot allows relative horizontal movement along the length of the barriers, allowing them to come together and move apart across, for example, an expansion gap in a structure, i.e. across two adjacent but separate substrates. By providing these connections between the two ends of the adjacent security barrier systems, a potential weak point in their protective capability is avoided. The joining plates may be provided with either pivotal connections, slots, or both.

Each end bollard module comprises a baseplate and a bollard post extending from said baseplate. Preferably each end bollard module has a tubular shaft extending substantially perpendicular to its respective security bollard system, and said tubular shaft is connected to said baseplate, optionally via a mount. A threaded stud may extend though the tubular shaft and pass through the movable link, said movable link being attached to the end bollard module by means of a nut on said threaded stud. When the pivotal connection is used in combination with the slot both vertical and horizontal movement can be accommodated while preventing or reducing a weak point in the barrier between the end bollard modules. In this manner the steel structure of the respective end bollard modules is connected to one another so that any impact force imparted on the link plate is transferred into the structure of the end bollards of the security bollard systems.

In an embodiment the security bollard installation comprises at least first and second movable links between said end bollard modules, preferably spaced from one another and movable about a common axis.

According to a third aspect of the invention there is provided a method of installing a security bollard system according to any one of the preceding claims on a substrate. The method comprises the steps of: locating a plurality of bollard modules on substrate such that adjacent bollard posts are substantially evenly spaced so as to form a run of bollard posts; locating a first link plate inside a rebar cage reinforcement module; locating the rebar cage and first link plate between the bollards so that threaded studs extending from adjacent baseplates pass through said link plates; repeating the process of locating a said rebar cage and first link plate between the bollards, so that threaded studs extending from adjacent baseplates pass through said first link plates, along the run of bollard posts; securing said link plates to said adjacent baseplates with nuts so as to clamp said rebar cages between said baseplates and said link plate; forming shuttering to control the spread of concrete, and pouring concrete in said shuttering so as to encase the baseplates, link plates and the rebar cages.

The substrate may comprise a bridge deck and said bollards may form a barrier between a motorised vehicle passage on said bridge, and a pedestrian or man powered vehicle passage on said bridge.

Prior to securing the link plates to adjacent baseplates, the method may comprises locating a second link plate between each pair of adjacent baseplates at locations spaced from the first link plates so that threaded studs extending from adjacent baseplates pass through the second link plates, and wherein securing said link plates comprises securing said first and second link plates.

The method may further comprising, prior to pouring concrete, locating a plurality of rebar frames adjacent to and overlapping said base plates at an end distil from the impact post, and extending outwardly therefrom.

In an embodiment forming the shuttering and pouring concrete comprises: forming a first shuttering and pouring a first pour of concrete therein to encase the base plates, the link plates, a lower section of the rebar cages and the rebar frames; and forming a second shuttering around the exposed upper section of the rebar cage and extending in front of and behind the barrier posts, pouring a second pour of concrete into said second shuttering to form a continuous raised curb from which said barrier posts extend.

Within the scope of this application it is expressly intended that the various aspects, embodiments, examples and alternatives set out in the preceding paragraphs, in the claims and/or in the following description and drawings, and in particular the individual features thereof, may be taken independently or in any combination. That is, all embodiments and/or features of any embodiment can be combined in any way and/or combination, unless such features are incompatible.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

One or more embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows the internal structure of a security bollard system according to the invention; Figure 2 shows the internal structure of a security bollard system according to the invention adapted to a curved profile; Figure 3 shows details of the interior components of the security bollard system of the invention; Figure 4 shows a cross section through a bollard module used in the invention; Figure 5 shows a top view of an installed security bollard system of the invention; Figure 6 shows a cross section through an installed security bollard system of the invention; Figure 7 shows a side view of a security bollard installation of the invention; Figure 8 shows a top view of the adjacent end module of the security bollard installation of Figure 7; Figure 9 shows a partially exploded view of the joining structure of adjacent security barrier systems of a security barrier installation of the invention; Figure 10 shows a top view of a bollard module of the security bollard installation of Figure 7; Figure 11 shows a top view of a first embodiment of the security bollard installation of the invention; Figure 12 shows a side view of a second embodiment of the security bollard installation of the invention; Figure 13 shows a top view of a second embodiment of the security bollard installation of the invention; Figure 14 shows a base plate of the security bollard system 10B of Figure 13; and Figure 15 and 16 show top and side views respectfully of the security bollard system 10B of Figure 13.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring to Figure 1 the internal structure 10 of a security bollard system of the invention is shown. The security bollard system is intended for hostile vehicle mitigation protection, i.e. it is designed for use in stopping vehicular penetration and may be used to separate an area for motor vehicles from an area for pedestrians or cyclists, or the like.

The internal structure comprises a plurality of bollard modules 12, each of which has a base plate 14 and a bollard post 16 which extends vertically from its baseplate 14. The structure of each of these bollard posts is described in more detail below. The bollard modules 12 are attached to one another by link plates 18 extending there--between and attached to the base plates 14. As depicted, the bollard modules 12 are attached to each adjacent bollard module 14 by two link plates 18. In this manner a straight run of the bollard modules 12 can be created to form an elongate barrier.

Referring to Figure 2 a second arrangement of the same bollard modules 12 is shown. The link plate 18 each have a slot 20 at at least one end, and preferably at both ends (as shown), thereof. The slot allows variation between the fixing lengths of each link plate 18, which enables a continuous run of bollard modules 12 to assume a curve. This gives flexibility of application to the barrier as it allows it to easily follow an existing curve of, for example, a road.

Referring now to Figure 3, greater detail of the arrangement is shown. Bollard modules 12 having planar base plates 14, which for example may be 800mm wide by 1200mm deep and 30mm thick steel plates, are located adjacent to one another so that there is a gap of approximately 1200mm between the posts. This gap is suitable for preventing penetration of most motor cars but it will be appreciated that other separations may be useful. A link plate 18 is then inserted inside a reinforcement module, which is in the form of a rectangular rebar cage 22, and the reinforcement module and link plate 18 are then located between the bollard posts 16 so that slots 20 in the ends of the link plates 18 locate over threaded studs 24 that extend from the base plate and which are located toward each corner. Once a plurality of the bollard modules 14 have been situated and the link plates 14 and rebar cages 22 located, the link plates 18 can be secured to the base plates 14 by tightening nuts (not shown) onto the metal studs. By using slots 20 in the end of the base plates 18, not only is it possible for the system to conform to a curve, but slight inaccuracies in the placement of each bollard module 12 can be accommodated. It will be appreciated that instead of having studs extending from the base plate 14, threaded holes may be provided in the base plates into which bolts can be tightened. Threaded studs offer the advantage over bolts that the process of aligning the link plates 18 correctly on the base plates 14 is separated from the process of securing them thereto. As the link plates 18 are located inside the rebar cages 22, when the nuts are tightened on the threaded studs 24, the link plate 18 clamps the rebar cage 22 to the baseplate 14. As the lower part of the structure is to be encased in concrete, clamping the reinforcement modules in place via the link plates ensures they are retained in their intended location when the concrete is poured, and avoids the needs for separate securing means. The security bollard system of the invention may also be provided with rebar reinforcement 36 extending between said rebar cages 22 in front of and behind the bollard posts 16 so that the bollard posts 16 are surrounded by reinforcement. This rebar reinforcement 36 may be formed as part of the rebar cages 22, or may be added separately and tied (or secured by other means) into place.

Referring now to Figure 4 a side view of the bollard module 12 is shown. The base plate 14 has a bollard post 16 extending substantially vertically therefrom. Although it is preferred that the bollard post extend substantially vertically it will be appreciated that alternative arrangements are possible, for example the bollard post could extend at an angle from the base plate.

In the exemplary embodiment of Figure 4 the bollard post 16 is made up of a hollow outer member 26 which passes through a hole formed in the base plate 14 and is and welded thereto, and an inner member 28 which is located inside the hollow outer member 26 and is welded thereto at a lower end thereof. The inner member 28 may also be a hollow member. In an example embodiment the inner 26 and outer 28 member are formed of steel tube having a wall thickness of 16mm. The inner member 28 can have an outer diameter of 152mm and the outer member 26 can have an outer diameter of 194mm. In this manner a 4.5mm gap can be provided between the inner and outer member, enabling them to be easily located inside one another without interference. Once the two members are welded into the base plate 14 an outer collar 30 is located over the outer member 26 adjacent to the upper face of the base plate 14. The outer collar 30 and is welded to both the outside of the outer member 26 and the upper surface of the base plate 14. End caps 32, 34 are welded to the upper ends of the outer member 26 and inner member 28, and threaded studs 24 are welded into holes in the base plate 14. As described above the link plates 18 are located on the threaded studs 24 and are attached thereto. The outer member 26 is longer than the inner member 28. In an example embodiment the outer member may be 1000mm and the inner member may be 700mm long.

Referring now to Figures 5 and 6 a top view and a side view of the barrier system of the invention is shown. As can be seen the bollard posts 16 are located towards an impact facing end of the base plate 14 which, in use, is an end towards a direction from which the barrier is intended to protect, i.e. in use vehicles would be expected to pass on side "A" of the barrier and pedestrians, cyclists or the like would be expected to pass on side "B" of the barrier. Two link plates 18 join each bollard module 12 to each adjacent bollard module. First link plates extend between adjacent base plates at the impact facing end, and second link plates extend between adjacent base plates at an end opposite to the impact facing end.

A plurality of further reinforcement modules in the form of rebar frames 22B are located adjacent to and overlapping the base plates 14 at the ends thereof opposite to the impact facing end, and extending outwardly therefrom. The frames therefore extend from the base plates 14 in the direction of side "B", i.e. the protected side.

Once the components of the barrier system are all assembled the baseplates, link plates and reinforcement modules are encased in concrete 38. As is known in the art, shuttering is provided around the components to control the flow of the concrete and to retain it in the desired areas. The concrete may be poured to form two levels, a first, larger, lower level of concrete 38A may be poured to cover the base plates, the rebar frames 22B, and the link plates, and a second higher level of concrete 38B can be poured to encase the rebar cages 22 and the lower part of the barrier posts. In this manner a kerb can be integrally formed as part of the security barrier system adjacent the motorised vehicle passage.

The security bollard system can be surface mounted on a structural slab 40 to form a barrier between a passageway for motorised vehicles and a passageway for non-motorised vehicles or pedestrians. In particular the barrier system of the present invention is suited for use for separating motorised vehicle traffic from pedestrian and/or non-motorised vehicle traffic on bridges. Its surface mount nature and low profile create a system that does not need any modification to the structural slab of the bridge and which can easily be applied to new build bridges, but more importantly can be retrofit to older existing structures.

Referring now to Figures 7 to 10 a security bollard installation 100 of the invention is shown. The installation 100 is made up of a first security bollard system 10A as described above and a second security bollard system 10B. The first security bollard system 10A is provided with an end bollard structure 12A and the second security bollard systems has a second end bollard structure 12B. The security bollard installation 100 is arranged such that the first and second end bollard structures 12A, 12B are adjacent to and spaced from one another by a gap "C". The first and said second end bollard structures are connected to one another by a movable link 42. The movable link 42 takes the form of at least one joining plate pivotally connected to the first and second end bollard structure. As can be seen in the example embodiment two joining plates are provided to join the first and second end bollard structures. A hole is provided in one end of the joining plate to allow it to pivot thereabouts. By pivotally connecting the joining plate the security bollard installation can securely span from one substrate to another substrate in a manner that can accommodate small amounts of vertical movement between two substrates on which the first and second security bollard system are respectfully located. The joining plate 42 has an elongate slot 44 therein and the joining plate is connected to at least one of said first and second end bollard structures through the slot 44. In this manner the joining plate can also accommodate longitudinal horizontal movement between the two substrates to which the first and second security bollard are attached. This arrangement may be particularly useful for installations along roadways or bridges (in particular of steel and concrete construction) that are constructed from large sections that have expansion gaps therebetween. In such an arrangements the present invention provides an HVM system that can span the expansion gap without introducing a visual discontinuity, which may represent a weak point in the structure. As shown in Figure 9, a cover 46 may be located over the joining plates 42. As well as improving the aesthetic of the barrier, the covers visually hide the link. Although shown with a pivot end and a slot it will be appreciated that, where relative vertical movement is not anticipated, the joining plate could be fixed to one base place at one end and have a slot at the distil end such that only longitudinal horizontal movement is allowed for.

The first end bollard structure 12A is attached to a bollard module of the first security bollard system. It has a baseplate 14A that is substantially the same as the baseplate 14 described above. It differs in that, instead of the stud 24, in the corner where the joining plates are located a structure is connected to the baseplate 14A for attachment of the joining plates. In particular two upright mounts 48 which are formed of thick, in the example embodiment 50mm, steel plate welded at their lower end to the baseplate 14A are provided. A holes is provided in each upright mount 48 and a first tubular steel shaft 50 extends between them, spaced from and parallel to the baseplate, and opens at either end. The second security bollard structure 12B may also be provided with a second tubular shaft 52 arranged in a similar manner. The first and second tubular shafts are arranged so that they are perpendicular to the first and second security bollard system 10A, 10B respectively. The baseplate 14A is provided with an impact post 16A constructed as described hereinabove in relation to Figure 4, and threaded studs 24A are provided for attachment of link plates as described below.

A threaded stud 54 extends through the first and second tubular shafts 50, 52. One of the threaded studs passes through the holes at one end of the joining plates 42, and the other threaded stud 54 passes through the slots at the other end of the joining plate. The joining plates 42 are retained on the threaded studs by nuts 58 secured at either end. It will be appreciated that instead of tubular shafts with a threaded stud passing therethrough, other arrangements (for example a solid stud, with threaded ends, welded to the mounts) could be substituted, provided that movement of the joining plates 42 is permitted.

Referring now to Figure 11 a top view of a first arrangement 100A of the security bollard installation described above is shown. The first arrangement has first and second security bollard systems 10A and 10B, each substantially as described hereinabove. The baseplates 14A of the adjacent end modules are different from the baseplates of the remainder of the security bollard systems and are as described above in relation to Figures 7 to 10. The first and second security bollard systems are assembled, complete with the link plates 18, rebar cages 22, rebar frames 22A, and rebar reinforcement 36. They are shuttered and concrete is poured as described hereinabove. The ends of the tubular shafts 50, 52 are covered during the concrete pour to and shuttering is provided to prevent ingress of concrete and such that when the concrete is set the ends of the tubular shafts 50, 52 open on either side of the raised Kerb formed by the second, higher, level of concrete. Once the concrete has set, the threaded studs are passed through the tubular shafts and the joining plates 42 are fixed.

Referring now to Figures 12 to 16 a second arrangement 100B of the security bollard installation is shown. The second arrangement 100B has first and second security bollard systems 10A and 10B, and in addition also has a third security bollard system 10C. The second security bollard system 10B extends between said first and third security bollard systems 10A, 10C, and is attached thereto at either end by a movable link 42. Gaps "C" are provided between the security bollard systems 10A, 10B, 10C. The first and third security bollard systems 10A, 10C are substantially as described in relation to Figures 1 to 6, apart from the end bollard module of each, which is as described with reference to Figures 8 to 10 above.

The second security bollard system 103, which extends between the first security bollard system 10A, and the third security bollard system 10C is constructed differently. It is constructed as a surface mounted system which is not permanently affixed to the substrate on which it is located. The second security bollard system has an elongate steel base plate 58 having one or more bollard posts 16A extending therefrom. The bollard posts may be constructed and attached to the base plate 58 as described in relation to Figure 4, i.e. they may be made up of an inner member, an outer member, and an outer collar. The second security bollard system preferably has a post spacing in the region of 1200mm and is between two and four posts long although longer sections may be used. In this manner its weight is maintained to a manageable level, in particular it can be transported and moved with standard heavy duty transportation and lifting equipment. It will be appreciated that the separation between the bollard posts may be varied from 1200mm, in particular it may be reduced therefrom, so that an even spacing of posts is achieved along the second security bollard system 10B.

A plurality of mount plates 48A are welded to the base plate 58 and a tubular shaft 60 is connected thereto at either end. The tubular shafts 60 extend substantially perpendicular to said elongate base. Optionally rebar cages and rebar reinforcement as described hereinabove in relation to Figure 3 is added between the bollard posts 16A, and the baseplate and rebar encased in concrete. Alternatively, a steel outer cover 62 can be added over the base plate 58 and fixed in place, for example by welding. Threaded studs are placed through the tubular shafts 60 to enable the second security bollard system 10B to be connected to each of the first and third security bollard systems 10A, 10C, by joining plates 42 as described hereinabove.

It will be understood that the second arrangement 100B is the same as the first arrangement 100A, albeit the security bollard systems are moved further apart and a surface mounted section is connected between them.

The second arrangement may be particularly useful in bridge structures having a short expansion section containing services therebeneath that may require occasional access. By having a surface mount section spanning the expansion section, if access to the services beneath it is required it can be temporarily moved.

To install a security bollard system of the invention on a substrate, the requisite number of bollard modules are located on the substrate such that adjacent bollard posts are substantially evenly spaced so as to form a run of bollard posts. As described above in relation to Figures 1 and 2, either a linear arrangement of curved arrangements can be assembled. The bollard modules are arranged so that the ends thereof having the bollard posts therein are towards the direction from which, in use, an impact is expected to come. This may be referred to as an impact facing side of the barrier. Link plates 18 are then located inside rebar cages 22 the rebar cage and link plate is then located over the baseplates 14 of the modules 12 so that that threaded studs extending from adjacent baseplates 14 pass through said slots in either end of the link plates. This process is repeated along the run of bollard posts and then the rebar cages 22.

A plurality of second link plates are then located on threaded studs so that they extend between each pair of said adjacent baseplates at a side away from the impact facing side.

The link plates 18 are secured in place with nuts which are tightened on the threaded studs.

The link plates at the impact facing side clamp the rebar cages between the baseplates and the link plate as the nuts are tightened. Once the base plates are all secured together a plurality of rebar frames are placed adjacent to and overlapping the end of the base plates opposite the impact facing direction and extend outwardly therefrom.

Shuttering is then formed around the modules and concrete is poured into the shuttering so as to encase the baseplates, link plates and the rebar cages. Preferably the concrete is poured in two stages. In the first stage a first shuttering is formed and a first pour of concrete is poured therein to encase the base plates, the link plates, a lower section of the rebar cages and the rebar frames. In the second stage a second shuttering is formed around the exposed upper section of the rebar cage and extending in front of and behind the barrier posts. A second pour of concrete is poured into said second shuttering to form a continuous raised kurb from which said barrier posts extend.

In this manner a barrier can be formed along a bridge deck (or other raised concrete structure, for example a raised freeway) so that the bollards form a barrier between a motorised vehicle passage on said bridge, and a pedestrian or man powered vehicle passage on said bridge, for example they may form a barrier between a road and a pavement or cycle lane to protect pedestrians or cyclists from vehicular impact if a motor vehicle were to be driven, inadvertently or deliberately, off the road and into the pedestrian or cyclist area.

It will be appreciated that various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present application, for example it will be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to separating motorised vehicular traffic from pedestrians or cyclist and may be deployed in any suitable location.

Claims (31)

1. CLAIMS1. A security bollard system comprising: a plurality of bollard modules each comprising a baseplate and a bollard post extending from said baseplate; a plurality of link plates extending between and attached to adjacent baseplates of said plurality of bollard modules; and a plurality of reinforcement modules extending between adjacent bollard modules; wherein said baseplates, link plates and reinforcement modules are encased in 10 concrete.
2. 2. A security bollard system according to claim 1 wherein the baseplate of each bollard module is substantially planar, and the bollard post comprises: a hollow outer member passing through the base plate and welded thereto, and an inner member located inside the hollow outer member and welded thereto at a lower end thereof.
3. 3. A security bollard system according to claim 2 wherein the outer member is longer than the inner member.
4. 4. A security bollard system according to claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the outer member and the inner member comprise steel tubes.5. A security bollard system according to any one of claims 2 to 4 wherein the bollard module further comprises a tubular collar extending around the base of the outer member and located adjacent an upper surface of the baseplate, the tubular collar being welded to said upper surface of the baseplate at a first end, and welded to the outer surface of the outer member at a second end.
5. 5. A security bollard system according to any one of claims 2 to 5 wherein the inner and outer member each further comprise an end cap closing their respective distil ends.
6. 6. A security bollard system according to any one of the preceding claims wherein each baseplate comprises a plurality of threaded studs extending therefrom.
7. 7. A security bollard system according to claim 6 wherein the link plates each comprise an elongate slot at either end thereof through which the threaded studs extend, and wherein the security bollard system further comprises a plurality of nuts securing said link plates to said base plates.
8. 8. A security bollard system according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the plurality of reinforcement modules comprises a plurality of rebar cages, each of which extend between adjacent bollard posts above said baseplates, and wherein said rebar cages are clamped to said adjacent baseplates by a link plate.
9. 9. A security bollard system according to claim 8 further comprising rebar reinforcement extending between said rebar cages so that said bollard posts are surrounded by reinforcement.
10. 10. A security bollard system according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said bollard posts are located towards an impact facing end of the base plate which, in use, is an end towards a direction from which the barrier is intended to protect.
11. 11. A security bollard system according to claim 10 wherein said plurality of link plates comprises a plurality of first link plates extending between adjacent base plates at a location towards the impact facing end, and a plurality of second link plates extending between adjacent base plates at a location towards an end opposite to the impact facing end.
12. 12. A security bollard system according to claim 10 or claim 11 wherein the plurality of reinforcement modules comprises a plurality of rebar frames adjacent to and overlapping said base plates at an end opposite to the impact facing end, and extending outwardly therefrom.
13. 13. A security bollard system, according to any one of the preceding claims, for surface mounting on a structural slab to form a barrier between a passageway for motorised vehicles and a passageway for non-motorised vehicles or pedestrians.
14. 14. A security bollard system according to claim 13 depending through claim 8 wherein rebar cages are encased in concrete to form a raised curb from which said bollard posts extend.
15. 15. A bridge security bollard system according to any preceding claim.
16. 16. A security bollard installation comprising a first security bollard system according to any of the preceding claims and a second security bollard system, said first security bollard system having a end bollard structure and said second security bollard systems having a second end bollard structure, said first and second end bollard structures adjacent to and spaced from one another, wherein said first and said second end bollard structures are connected to one another by a movable link.
17. 17. A security bollard installation according to claim 16 wherein said movable link comprises at least one joining plate pivotally connected to the first and second end bollard structure.
18. 18. A security bollard installation according to claim 16 or claim 17 wherein the movable link comprises at least one joining plate having an elongate slot therein and wherein the joining plate is connected to at least one of said first and second end bollard structures through said slot.
19. 19. A security bollard installation according to claims 17 or 18 wherein each said first end bollard structure is attached to a said bollard module of the first security bollard system, said first end bollard structure comprising a first tubular shaft extending substantially parallel to the baseplate of the said bollard module, said tubular shaft being connected to said baseplate, via a mount.
20. 20. A security bollard installation according to claim 19 wherein the second security bollard structure comprises a second tubular shaft connected thereto and extending substantially perpendicular to second security bollard system.
21. 21. A security bollard installation according to claim 19 or 20 further comprising a threaded stud extending though said first and/or said second tubular shaft, and wherein said threaded stud passes through said movable link, said movable link being attached to said end bollard structure means of a nut on said threaded stud.
22. 22. A security bollard installation according to any one of claims 16 to 20 comprising at least first and second movable links.
23. 23. A security bollard installation according to any one of claims 16 to 21 wherein said second security bollard system is a security bollard system according to any one of claims 1 to 15
24. 24. A security bollard installation according to any one of claims 16 to 21 comprising a third security bollard system, wherein said third security bollard system is a security bollard system according to any one of claims 1 to 15, and wherein said second security bollard system extends between said first and third security bollard systems, and is attached thereto at either end by a said movable link.
25. 25. A security bollard installation according to claim 24 wherein said second security bollard system is a surface mounted bollard system.
26. 26. A security bollard installation according to claim 24 or claim 25 wherein said second security bollard system comprises an elongate steel base plate having one or more bollard posts extending therefrom, and a second tubular shaft connected thereto at either end, said tubular shafts extending substantially perpendicular to said elongate base, for pivotal connection to one or more movable link, said movable link being a joining plate.
27. 27. A method of installing a security bollard system according to any one of claims 1 to on a substrate, the method comprising the steps of: locating a plurality of bollard modules on substrate such that adjacent bollard posts are substantially evenly spaced so as to form a run of bollard posts; locating a first link plate inside a rebar cage reinforcement module; locating the rebar cage and first link plate between the bollards so that threaded studs extending from adjacent baseplates pass through said link plates; repeating the process of locating a said rebar cage and first link plate between the bollards, so that threaded studs extending from adjacent baseplates pass through said first link plates, along the run of bollard posts; securing said link plates to said adjacent baseplates with nuts so as to clamp said rebar cages between said baseplates and said link plate; forming shuttering to control the spread of concrete, and pouring concrete in said shuttering so as to encase the baseplates, link plates and the rebar cages.
28. 28. A method according to claim 27 wherein the substrate comprises a bridge deck and said bollards form a barrier between a motorised vehicle passage on said bridge, and a pedestrian or man powered vehicle passage on said bridge.
29. 29. The method according to claim 27 or claim 28 further comprising, prior to securing said link plates to said adjacent baseplates, locating a second link plate between each pair of said adjacent baseplates at locations spaced from the first link plates so that threaded studs extending from adjacent baseplates pass through said second link plates, and wherein securing said link plates comprises securing said first link plates and said second link plates.
30. 30. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 29 further comprising, prior to pouring concrete, locating a plurality of rebar frames adjacent to and overlapping said base plates at an end distil from the impact post, and extending outwardly therefrom.
31. 31. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 30 wherein forming the shuttering and pouring concrete comprises: forming a first shuttering and pouring a first pour of concrete therein to encase the base plates, the link plates, a lower section of the rebar cages and, optionally, the rebar frames; and forming a second shuttering around the exposed upper section of the rebar cage and extending in front of and behind the barrier posts, pouring a second pour of concrete into said second shuttering to form a continuous raised curb from which said barrier posts extend