GB2590192A

GB2590192A - Unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring method and system for basin-wide flood scene

Info

Publication number: GB2590192A
Application number: GB2019092.2A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Zhang Jinliang; Lei Tianjie; Fu Jian; Luo Qiushi; Chen Cuixia
Original assignee: China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research; Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research; Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-29
Filing date: 2020-04-29
Publication date: 2021-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-29
Also published as: WO2020221284A1; GB202019092D0; GB2590192B; CN110110641B; CN110110641A

Abstract

Disclosed are an unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring method and system for a basin-wide flood scene. The method in the present invention comprises: acquiring a panoramic video, a remote sensing image and a point cloud data image of a basin-wide flood scene on the basis of a first unmanned aerial vehicle system and a plurality of second unmanned aerial vehicle systems; then monitoring the flood scene according to the panoramic video in real time; and extracting flooded land usage types from the remote sensing image and the point cloud data image, and a flooded range and a flooded depth of each flooded land usage type, thereby realizing timely, accurate and low-cost monitoring of a basin-wide flood disaster scene.

Description

UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV)-BASED MONITORING METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR BASIN-WIDE FLOOD The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201910355047.2, filed to the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) on April 29, 2019 and entitled "UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV)-BASED MONITORING METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR BASIN-WIDE FLOOD", which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of flood monitoring, in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based monitoring method and system for a basin-wide flood scene.

BACKGROUND

Flood disasters, especially basin-wide flood disasters, occur frequently in china, and seriously endanger the lives and property of people. For example, the Jianghuai region suffered a catastrophic flood disaster in 1991. This flood disaster affected 230 million people, besieged 19.3 million people, destroyed 4.25 million hectares of farmland and 6.05 million houses, and reduced the grain output by more than 20 billion kilograms. This disaster finally caused a direct economic loss of more than 50 billion yuan (International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction Committee of China, 1991). Therefore, thorough monitoring and deep research on the basin-wide flood disasters can help prevent the disasters and reduce damage and is of great significance to flood control planning on drainage basins, proper use of lands in flooded regions of rivers, and sustainable development of regional economy.

Traditional investigation and evaluation on the disasters are mainly conducted on the ground; as a result, disaster data is not completely reliable due to an influence of human factors. Satellite-based remote sensing technologies provide relatively objective investigation and evaluation results. However, the satellite-based remote sensing technologies still lag behind in timeliness due to an influence of revisit times of satellites as well as cloud coverage. Manned spacecrafts having high automation and flexibility still serve as important and irreplaceable remote sensing platforms for investigation and evaluation on natural disasters. However, the manned spacecrafts cannot be widely used due to high costs. It is urgent to fulfill timely, accurate, and low-cost monitoring of basin-wide floods.

SUMMARY

The objective of the present disclosure is to provide a UAV-based monitoring method and system for a basin-wide flood to fulfill timely, accurate, and low-cost monitoring of a basin-wide flood.

To achieve the above purpose, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions.

A UAV-based monitoring method for a basin-wide flood includes the following steps: shooting a panoramic video of a basin-wide flood by a first UAV system; monitoring an actual scene of the basin-wide flood in real time according to the panoramic video; acquiring a plurality of remote sensing image sets and a plurality of point cloud data image sets by a plurality of second UAV systems, where, the remote sensing image set acquired by each said second UAV system includes a plurality of remote sensing images acquired by the second UAV system at different times, and the point cloud data image set acquired by each said second UAV system includes a plurality of point cloud data images acquired by the second UAV system at different times; fusing the point cloud data images in the plurality of point cloud data image sets to form a composite point cloud data image; performing, according to the composite point cloud data image as well as a point cloud data image and remote sensing of land cover from a geospatial cloud database, image registration for a visual comparison to determine a use type of a flooded land; fusing the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to form the composite remote sensing image, and determining a flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each said use type according to the composite remote sensing image.

Optionally, the step of fusing the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to form the composite remote sensing image particularly includes: performing, by means of a speeded-up robust features (SURF) algorithm and a hue, saturation and intensity (HSI) color model, rough matching on the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to obtain a plurality of rough matching points; purifying, by means of a random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm, the plurality of rough matching points to obtain a plurality of purified rough matching points; performing, by means of least squares, accurate matching on the plurality of purified rough matching points to obtain a plurality of accurate matching points; and fusing, by means of interpolation, the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to form the composite remote sensing image based on the plurality of accurate matching points.

Optionally, the step of performing, by means of an SURF algorithm and an HSI color model, rough matching on the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to obtain a plurality of rough matching points particularly includes: establishing a scale space for each said remote sensing image; creating and solving a hessian matrix of the scale space for each said remote sensing image to obtain a plurality of feature points of each said remote sensing image; creating a descriptor of each said feature point; adding, according to the HIS color model, color data of each said feature point to the descriptor of the feature point to obtain a color descriptor of the feature point; and determining, according to the color descriptor of each said feature point, whether or not the feature points are located in overlapping regions of the remote sensing images, and selecting the feature points in the overlapping regions as the rough matching points of overlapped remote sensing images.

Optionally, the step of determining a flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each said use type according to the composite remote sensing image particularly includes: building a digital elevation model (DEM) showing the basin-wide flood according to the composite remote sensing image; and comparing the DEM showing the basin-wide flood with a DEM showing a scene before a basin-wide flood occurs to determine the flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each said use type.

Optionally, the land is divided into one or more of a residential land, a road, a bridge, and a cultivated land.

A UAV-based monitoring system for a basin-wide flood includes: a first UAV system, a plurality of second UAV systems, and a ground control and data processing center; where the first UAV system and the plurality of second UAV systems are w-irelessly connected to the ground control and data processing center; the first UAV system includes a first UAV, a video camera, and a first wireless data transmission module, where the video camera and the first wireless data transmission module are arranged on the first UAV; the video camera is wirelessly connected to the ground control and data processing center through the first wireless data transmission module, and is used to shoot a panoramic video of a basin-wide flood and to transmit the panoramic video to the ground control and data processing center by means of the first wireless data transmission module, each said second UAV system includes a second UAV, a mapping camera, a laser radar, and a second wireless data transmission module; the mapping camera, the laser radar, and the second wireless data transmission module are arranged on the second UAV; the mapping camera and the laser radar are wirelessly connected to the ground control and data processing center through the second wireless data transmission module; the mapping camera is used to acquire a remote sensing image set of the basin-wide flood and to transmit the remote sensing image set to the ground control and data processing center by means of the second wireless data transmission module; and the laser radar is used to acquire a point cloud data image set and to transmit the point cloud data image set to the ground control and data processing center by means of the second wireless data transmission module; the ground control and data processing center is used to acquire, according to the panoramic video, the remote sensing image sets, and the point cloud data image sets, an actual basin-wide flood, a use type of a flooded land, and a flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each said use type; and the ground control and data processing center is wirelessly connected to the first UAV of the first UAV system as well as the second UAVs of the plurality of second UAV systems and is further used to control flight of the first UAV and the plurality of second UAVs.

Optionally, the first UAV flies over the plurality of second UAVs and the plurality of second UAVs fly side by side at the same altitude and equal intervals Optionally, the first UAV and the plurality of second UAVs fly in parallel and synchronously on an 8-shaped flight path.

Optionally, the first UAV system further includes an infrared video camera arranged on the first UAV and connected to the ground control and data processing center through the first wireless data transmission module.

Optionally, each said second UAV system further includes an infrared camera arranged on the corresponding second UAV and connected to the ground control and data processing center through the corresponding second wireless data transmission module.

Based on the specific embodiments, the present disclosure has the following technical effects.

According to the UAV-based monitoring method and system for a basin-wide flood, a panoramic video, a remote sensing image, a point cloud data image of a basin-wide flood are acquired by a first UAV system and a plurality of second UAV systems; then the flood is monitored in real time according to the panoramic video; and a use type of a flooded land as well as a flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each use type are extracted from the remote sensing image and the point cloud data image. In this ways, timely, accurate, and low-cost monitoring of the basin-wide flood is fulfilled.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For the sake of a clearer explanation on the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions of the prior art, the accompanying drawings required by the embodiments will be described briefly below. Clearly, the following accompanying drawings merely illustrate some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those ordinarily skilled in the art can obtain other accompanying drawings based on the following ones without creative efforts.

FIG. t is a flow chart of a UAV-based monitoring method for a basin-wide flood of the present disclosure; FIG 2 is a flow chart, showing that remote sensing images in a plurality of remote sensing image sets are fused to form a composite remote sensing image, of the present disclosure; and FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a UAV-based monitoring system for a basin-wide flood of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings Clearly, the embodiments in the following description are only illustrative ones, and are not all possible ones of the present disclosure All other embodiments obtained by those ordinarily skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts should also fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure The objective of the present disclosure is to provide a UAV-based monitoring method and system for a basin-wide flood to fulfill timely, accurate, and low-cost monitoring of a basin-wide flood.

For a better understanding of the objective, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the present disclosure is further expounded below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments As shown in FIG. 1, a UAV-based monitoring method for a basin-wide flood includes the following steps: 101. Shoot a panoramic video of a basin-wide flood by a first UAV system; 102. Monitor an actual scene of the basin-wide flood in real time according to the panoramic video; 103. Acquire a plurality of remote sensing image sets and a plurality of point cloud data image sets by a plurality of second UAV systems; where, the remote sensing image set acquired by each second UAV system includes a plurality of remote sensing images acquired by the second UAV system at different times, and the point cloud data image set acquired by each second UAV system includes a plurality of point cloud data images acquired by the second UAV system at different times; 104. Fuse the point cloud data images in the plurality of point cloud data image sets to form a composite point cloud data image, where a fusion method is identical to a method for fusing the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to form a composite remote sensing image; 105. Perform, according to the composite point cloud data image as well as a point cloud data image and remote sensing image of land cover from a geospatial cloud database, image registration for a visual comparison to determine a use type of a flooded land; 106. Fuse the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to form the composite remote sensing image; where, as shown in FIG. 2, the step of fusing the point cloud data images in the plurality of point cloud data image sets to form the composite point cloud data image particularly includes: step A. perform, by means of a speeded-up robust features (SURF) algorithm and a hue, saturation and intensity (HSI) color model, rough matching on the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to obtain a plurality of rough matching points; step B. purify, by means of a random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm, the plurality of rough matching points to obtain a plurality of purified rough matching points; step C. perform, by means of least squares, accurate matching on the plurality of purified rough matching points to obtain a plurality of accurate matching points; step D. fuse, by means of interpolation, the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to form the composite remote sensing image based on the plurality of accurate matching points; Step A of performing, by means of an SURF algorithm and an HSI color model, rough matching on the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to obtain a plurality of rough matching points particularly includes: Al. establish a scale space for each remote sensing image; A2, create and solve a hessian matrix of the scale space for each remote sensing image to obtain a plurality of feature points of each remote sensing image; A3. determine a main direction of the feature points; A4. create a descriptor of each feature point; AS. add, according to the HIS color model, color data of each feature point to the descriptor of the feature point to obtain a color descriptor of the feature point; AG, determine, according to the color descriptor of each feature point, whether or not the feature points are located in overlapping regions of the remote sensing images, and select the feature points in the overlapping regions as the rough matching points of overlapped remote sensing images; and AT remove the rough matching points by means of RANSAC; and 107. Determine a flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each use type according to the composite remote sensing image; where this step particularly includes: build a digital elevation model (DEM) showing the basin-wide flood according to the composite remote sensing image; and compare the DEM showing the basin-wide flood with a DEM showing a scene before a basin-wide flood occurs to determine the flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each use type.

As shown in FIG. 3, a UAV-based monitoring system for a basin-wide flood of the present disclosure includes: A first UAV system 1, a plurality of second UAV systems 2, and a ground control and data processing center 3 wirelessly connected to the first UAV system 1 and the plurality of second UAV systems 2.

The first UAV system 1 includes a first UAV, a video camera, and a first wireless data transmission module, where the video camera and the first wireless data transmission module are arranged on the first UAV; where, the video camera is wirelessly connected to the ground control and data processing center through the first wireless data transmission module, and is used to shoot a panoramic video of a basin-wide flood and to transmit the panoramic video to the ground control and data processing center by means of the first wireless data transmission module.

Each second UAV system 2 includes a second UAV, a mapping camera, a laser radar, and a second wireless data transmission module; where, the mapping camera, the laser radar, and the second wireless data transmission module are arranged on the second UAV; and the mapping camera and the laser radar are wirelessly connected to the ground control and data processing center through the second wireless data transmission module; the mapping camera is used to acquire a remote sensing image set of the basin-wide flood and to transmit the remote sensing image set to the ground control and data processing center by means of the second wireless data transmission module; and the laser radar is used to acquire a point cloud data image set and to transmit the point cloud data image set to the ground control and data processing center 3 by means of the second wireless data transmission module.

The ground control and data processing center is used to acquire, according to the panoramic video, the remote sensing image sets, and the point cloud data image sets, an actual basin-wide flood, a use type of a flooded land, and a flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each use type The ground control and data processing center is wirelessly connected to the first UAV of the first UAV system as well as the second UAVs of the plurality of second UAV systems and is further used to control flight of the first UAV and the plurality of second UAVs. Particularly, the ground control and data processing center controls the first UAV to fly over the plurality of second UAVs as well as the plurality of second UAVs to fly side by side at the same altitude and equal intervals, and further controls the first UAV and the plurality of second UAVs to fly in parallel and synchronously on an 8-shaped flight path.

To facilitate shooting at night, the first UAV system 1 further includes an infrared video camera arranged on the first UAV and connected to the ground control and data processing center 3 through the first wireless data transmission module; and each second UAV system 2 further includes an infrared camera arranged on the corresponding second UAV and connected to the ground control and data processing center 3 through the corresponding second wireless data transmission module.

According to the UAV-based monitoring system of the present disclosure, in view of the wide coverage and rapid outbreak of a basin-wide flood, the endurance time and load capacity of an unmanned aerial platform should be fully considered during monitoring performed by means of UAV remote sensing; and two types of complementary UAVs are used together to respectively fulfill large-scale macroscopic monitoring (the first UAV system) and small-scale fine monitoring (the plurality of second UAV systems) Particularly, a medium range UAV (the first UAV system) having a long endurance time and a high load capacity serves as a main platform to fidfill the large-scale macroscopic monitoring, and short range UAVs (the plurality of second UAV systems) having a short endurance time and a low load capacity serve as an auxiliary platform to fulfill the fine monitoring of a drainage basin with a severe flood. To dynamically monitor the flood in real time, the video camera for high-definition monitoring is arranged on the first UAV to acquire real-time video data of a flooded region; and the aerial mapping camera is arranged on each second UAV to acquire real-time image data of the flooded region; the high-precision light-weight laser radar is arranged on each second UAV to acquire DEM data within a drainage basin; and the infrared camera and the infrared video camera are also arranged on each second UAV to make sure that the flooded region can be monitored at night. Parameters of all device of the UAV-based monitoring system of the present disclosure are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Parameters of all devices of the UAV-based monitoring system for a basin-wide flood Observation Device Parameter index Terrain (DEM), Video camera The high-precision light-weight video camera for high-definition monitoring fulfills 360° panoramic flooded range, vision, acquires 4K-level panoramic videos, is residential land, suitable for shooting at a focal length from 14.5 mm to 300 mm, and reaches acquisition resolution of 50 megapixels, and has a weight less than 5 kg; house, road, bridge, and cultivated land (crops) Mapping The high-precision light-weight wide-field aerial camera mapping camera reaches resolution of 50-100 megapixels of a light-weight high-resolution aerial optical remote sensing camera, fulfills a ground width from 15 km to 30 km to acquire images which meet a 1:2000 mapping scale, and has a weight less than 3 kg; Laser radar The high-precision light-weight laser radar fulfills a scanning field of view from 90° to 180°, a laser range from 500 m to 2000 m, a scanning frequency of 200 lines/s, scanning accuracy of 0.015°, pitch angle/roll angle accuracy of 0.015°, heading angle accuracy of 0.03°, laser point cloud density greater than or equal to 5/m2, and ranging accuracy greater than 10cm; Infrared High-precision imaging and a frame rate more than camera and 400 fps are fulfilled; infrared video camera First UAV The medium range UAV fulfills an endurance time more than 20 hours, a mission load greater than or equal to 30 kg, an operating altitude from 1000 m to 4000 m, an action radius from 100 km to 300 km, and a capability to resist moderate rain and wind stronger than a strong breeze, and is provided with a high-precision light-weight position and orientation system (POS), Second UAV The short range UAV fulfills an endurance time more than 6 hours, a mission load greater than or equal to 8 kg, an operating altitude from 200 m to 1500 m, an action radius from 50 km to 150 km, and a capability to resist moderate rain and wind stronger than a moderate breeze, and is provided with a high-precision light-weight POS, Ground In view of a cruising speed, an imaging width, and control and an operating time, 6-15 UAVs are required to form data a network for observation; to fulfill real-time processing transmission of high-resolution videos, visible center images, infrared images, and original radar images, a transmission bandwidth is greater than or equal to 300 Mbps, and a transmission distance of the images is greater than 300 km, and air-based, space-based and ground-based observations are performed simultaneously; a real-time orthograph processing time is shorter than 4 hours (an operation area is 100 km2), a real-time skew processing time is less than 4 hours ( an operation area is less than 40 km2); and accuracy of an orthoimage is greater than 0.1 m, and accuracy of the DEM is greater than 0.2 m.

The present disclosure discloses the UAV-based monitoring method and system for a basin-wide flood. According to the present disclosure, the panoramic video, the remote sensing images, the point cloud data images of the basin-wide flood are acquired by the first UAV system and the plurality of second UAV systems; then the flood is monitored in real time according to the panoramic video; and the a use type of the flooded land as well as the flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each use type are extracted from the remote sensing images and the point cloud data images. In this way, timely, accurate, and low-cost monitoring of the basin-wide flood is fulfilled.

Several specific embodiments are used to expound the principle and implementations of the present disclosure. The description of these embodiments is used to assist in understanding the method of the present disclosure and its core conception. In addition, those ordinarily skilled in the art can make various modifications in terms of specific embodiments and scope of application based on the conception of the present disclosure. In conclusion, the content of this specification shall not be construed as a limitation to the present disclosure.

The above embodiments are provided merely for the purpose of describing the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims. Various equivalent replacements and modifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

What is claimed is: 1. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based monitoring method for a basin-wide flood, comprising the following steps: shooting a panoramic video of a basin-wide flood by a first UAV system; monitoring an actual scene of the basin-wide flood in real time according to the panoramic video; acquiring a plurality of remote sensing image sets and a plurality of point cloud data image sets by a plurality of second UAV systems; wherein, the remote sensing image set acquired by each said second UAV system comprises a plurality of remote sensing images acquired by the second UAV system at different times, and the point cloud data image set acquired by each said second UAV system comprises a plurality of point cloud data images acquired by the second UAV system at different times; fusing the point cloud data images in the plurality of point cloud data image sets to form a composite point cloud data image; performing, according to the composite point cloud data image as well as a point cloud data image and remote sensing of land cover from a geospatial cloud database, image registration for a visual comparison to determine a use type of a flooded land; fusing the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to form the composite remote sensing image; and determining a flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each said use type according to the composite remote sensing image 2. The UAV-based monitoring method for a basin-wide flood according to claim 1, wherein the step of fusing the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to form the composite remote sensing image particularly comprises: performing, by means of a speeded-up robust features (SURF) algorithm and a hue, saturation and intensity (HSI) color model, rough matching on the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to obtain a plurality of rough matching points; purifying, by means of a random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm, the plurality of rough matching points to obtain a plurality of purified rough matching points; performing, by means of least squares, accurate matching on the plurality of purified rough matching points to obtain a plurality of accurate matching points; and fusing, by means of interpolation, the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to form the composite remote sensing image based on the plurality of accurate matching points.3, The UAV-based monitoring method for a basin-wide flood according to claim 2, wherein the step of performing, by means of an SURF algorithm and an 1-151 color model, rough matching on the remote sensing images in the plurality of remote sensing image sets to obtain a plurality of rough matching points particularly comprises: establishing a scale space for each said remote sensing image; creating and solving a hessian matrix of the scale space for each said remote sensing image to obtain a plurality of feature points of each said remote sensing image; creating a descriptor of each said feature point; adding, according to the HIS color model, color data of each said feature point to the descriptor of the feature point to obtain a color descriptor of the feature point; and determining, according to the color descriptor of each said feature point, whether or not the feature points are located in overlapping regions of the remote sensing images, and selecting the feature points in the overlapping regions as the rough matching points of overlapped remote sensing images.4. The UAV-based monitoring method for a basin-wide flood according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining a flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each said use type according to the composite remote sensing image particularly comprises: building a digital elevation model (DEM) showing the basin-wide flood according to the composite remote sensing image; and comparing the DEM showing the basin-wide flood with a DEM showing a scene before a basin-wide flood occurs to determine the flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each said use type.5. The UAV-based monitoring method for a basin-wide flood according to claim 1, wherein the land is divided into one or more of a residential land, a road, a bridge, and a cultivated land.6. A UAV-based monitoring system for a basin-wide flood, comprising: a first UAV system, a plurality of second UAV systems, and a ground control and data processing center; wherein the first UAV system and the plurality of second UAV systems are wirelessly connected to the ground control and data processing center; the first UAV system comprises a first UAV, a video camera, and a first wireless data transmission module, wherein the video camera and the first wireless data transmission module are arranged on the first UAV; the video camera is wirelessly connected to the ground control and data processing center through the first wireless data transmission module, and is used to shoot a panoramic video of a basin-wide flood and to transmit the panoramic video to the ground control and data processing center by means of the first wireless data transmission module, each said second UAV system comprises a second UAV, a mapping camera, a laser radar, and a second wireless data transmission module; the mapping camera, the laser radar, and the second wireless data transmission module are arranged on the second UAV; the mapping camera and the laser radar are wirelessly connected to the ground control and data processing center through the second wireless data transmission module; the mapping camera is used to acquire a remote sensing image set of the basin-wide flood and to transmit the remote sensing image set to the ground control and data processing center by means of the second wireless data transmission module; and the laser radar is used to acquire a point cloud data image set and to transmit the point cloud data image set to the ground control and data processing center by means of the second wireless data transmission module; the ground control and data processing center is used to acquire, according to the panoramic video, the remote sensing image sets, and the point cloud data image sets, an actual basin-wide flood, a use type of a flooded land, and a flooded range and flooded depth of the flooded land of each said use type; and the ground control and data processing center is wirelessly connected to the first UAV of the first UAV system as well as the second UAVs of the plurality of second UAV systems and is further used to control flight of the first UAV and the plurality of second UAVs.7, The UAV-based monitoring system for a basin-wide flood according to claim 6, wherein the first UAV flies over the plurality of second UAVs, and the plurality of second UAVs fly side by side at the same altitude and equal intervals 8 The UAV-based monitoring system for a basin-wide flood according to claim 7, wherein the first UAV and the plurality of second UAVs fly in parallel and synchronously on an 8-shaped flight path 9 The UAV-based monitoring system for a basin-wide flood according to claim 6, wherein the first UAV system further comprises an infrared video camera arranged on the first UAV and connected to the ground control and data processing center through the first wireless data transmission module.10. The UAV-based monitoring system for a basin-wide flood according to claim 6, wherein each said second UAV system further comprises an infrared camera arranged on the corresponding second UAV and connected to the ground control and data processing center through the corresponding second wireless data transmission module.