GB2588646A - A component for a battery module - Google Patents

A component for a battery module Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2588646A
GB2588646A GB1915778.3A GB201915778A GB2588646A GB 2588646 A GB2588646 A GB 2588646A GB 201915778 A GB201915778 A GB 201915778A GB 2588646 A GB2588646 A GB 2588646A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
flow passage
passage means
battery module
component
thermal transfer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1915778.3A
Other versions
GB201915778D0 (en
Inventor
Flannery Barry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xerotech Ltd
Original Assignee
Xerotech Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xerotech Ltd filed Critical Xerotech Ltd
Priority to GB1915778.3A priority Critical patent/GB2588646A/en
Publication of GB201915778D0 publication Critical patent/GB201915778D0/en
Publication of GB2588646A publication Critical patent/GB2588646A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

A battery module (1, fig 1) having a housing (2, fig 1) accommodating at least a portion of one or more battery cells (3, fig 2) and a thermal transfer component 4. The housing further has a flow passage component 5 with inlet 6 and outlet (7, fig 4) sides configured to transfer fluid to and from the thermal transfer component. The flow passage component has a transition portion (8,9, fig 4) having a diverging section diverging from the inlet side of the flow passage component to the outlet side of the flow passage component. This flow passage component 5 may be configured to transfer cooling fluid to the thermal transfer component 4, preferably in the form of an elongate hollow flat pipe, and a similar second flow passage component 15 may be provided to transfer cooling fluid from the thermal transfer component. The flow passage component(s) may be integrated into the housing which may be part of a unitary component or coupled together. The transition portion prevents a sudden change in cross-sectional shape upstream of the fluid flow leading to an undesirable reduction in flow rate and non-uniform heat transfer between the battery cells and thermal transfer component.

Description

A COMPONENT FOR A BATTERY MODULE
The present invention relates to a component for a battery module; specifically, a fluid flow component for a thermal management system and particularly one which causes lower pressure drop within a coolant duct resulting in improved heat transfer.
The key requirements for next-generation battery modules, particularly lithium-ion battery modules for vehicular applications, are improved gravimetric and volumetric energy density, improved cycle life and fast-charging.
Gravimetric and volumetric energy densities are largely improved through advances in cell electrochemistry and chemical engineering. However, improvements in the mechanical design of the battery module also have an appreciable impact on the overall weight and size of the pack. Battery module mechanical design impacts cycle life and fast-charging capability mainly through the thermal management system. The thermal management system can be used to minimise temperature variations within the pack to prevent differential cell aging which would ultimately result in reduced cycle life. Furthermore, it is important to maintain a relatively constant temperature of 25°C throughout the battery pack to maximise cell lifetime. The latter is particularly challenging to maintain during fast-charging or high discharge rates due to the high heat generation within the module.
Thermal management systems in state-of-the-art battery modules typically include a heat exchanger in the form of a duct or cold plate. The dud provides a conduit through which a coolant material can pass through the pack to cool or warm the individual cells. A significant challenge when using ducts is the pressure required to push fluid through the duct. Pressure drops can occur due to e.g. transition regions where impedance to flow changes rapidly. It is known that a higher pressure drop will result in an overall reduction in the flowrate of the coolant fluid. This in turn results in temperature differentials. These temperature differences can occur between the battery cells in the conventional battery packs, resulting in the lower overall performance of the conventional battery pack. There is a need for processes and devices that ensure reliable and efficient cooling of the battery module and ensure uniform heat transfer across the battery module.
It is an object of the invention to obviate or mitigate the problems outlined above and ensure an efficient cooling of the battery module. In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide a mechanism for a battery module which causes a lower pressure drop and a more uniform flow during transitions within the coolant duct.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a battery module with improved efficiency of heat transfer.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a battery module comprising a housing configured to house at least a portion of one or more battery cells and a thermal transfer means characterised in that the housing comprises flow passage means with inlet and outlet sides configured to transfer fluid to and from the thermal transfer means, the flow passage means comprising a transition portion having at least a diverging section diverging from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Advantageously, having a transition portion with a diverging section means that there is no sudden change in cross-sectional shape upstream of the fluid flow when in use. This reduces the risk of a reduction in flow rate which means that there is a reduction in the risk of non-uniform heat transfer between the one or more battery cells and the thermal transfer means.
Further advantageously, the gradual conversion of the cross-sectional area of the transition portion of the flow passage means from its inlet side to its outlet side means that the fluid flow into the thermal transfer means has been stabilised and is adapted to flow smoothly into the cross-sectional area of the thermal transfer means.
Ideally, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells arranged into one or more rows.
Preferably, the flow passage means is integrated into the housing.
Ideally, the flow passage means and at least part of the housing are formed as a unitary component.
Alternatively, the flow passage means is couplable to the housing.
Preferably, the flow passage means penetrates through a portion of the housing. Ideally, the flow passage means outlet side is arranged inside of the battery module 25 housing.
Preferably, the flow passage means inlet side is arranged external to the battery module housing.
Ideally, the flow passage means outlet side is arranged upon an interior portion of the battery module housing.
Preferably, the flow passage means inlet side is arranged upon an external portion of the battery module housing.
Ideally, the flow passage means is connectable to the thermal transfer means. Preferably, the flow passage means is fluidly connected to the thermal transfer means. Ideally, the flow passage means couples the thermal transfer means to a portion of a 35 thermal management system Preferably, the flow passage means is fluidly connected to the thermal transfer means and to the thermal management system.
Ideally, the flow passage means is configured to be attached to a portion of the thermal management system such that fluid may be conveyed around the thermal management system.
Ideally, the flow passage means is connectable to a pump.
Preferably, the pump is configured to induce a flow in the fluid within the thermal transfer means.
Ideally, the flow passage means is configured to guide the fluid from the inlet side to the outlet side to delimit pressure loss within the thermal transfer means.
Advantageously, delimiting pressure loss within the thermal transfer means reduces the risk of a reduction of overall flow of the fluid within the thermal transfer means resulting in temperature differentials; thus lowering the overall performance of the one or more batteries..
Further advantageously, having the flow passage means configured to guide the fluid from the inlet side to the outlet side reduces the risk of a plume effect which would cause inadequate and ineffective cooling to the battery cell(s) within the battery module; especially those in proximity to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Further advantageously, having the flow passage means configured to guide the fluid from the inlet side to the outlet side reduces the risk of "non-uniform" turbulent flow within the thermal transfer means; especially in locations proximal to the outlet side of the flow passage 20 means.
Ideally, the flow passage means is configured to comprise an upward linear diverging section.
Alternatively, the flow passage means is configured to comprise a parabolic diverging section.
Advantageously, an upward linear and/or parabolic diverging section would ensure a smooth transition of fluid into the thermal transfer means ensuring a more uniform heat transfer between the one or more battery cells and the thermal transfer means.
Ideally, the flow passage means diverges over a length of at least 0.5cm.
Preferably, the flow passage means diverges over a length of at least 1cm.
Ideally, the flow passage means diverges over a length of at least 5cm.
Preferably, the flow passage means diverges over a length of at least 10cm. Preferably, the flow passage means further comprises a throat section. Ideally, the throat section is proximal to the inlet side of the flow passage means. Preferably, the throat section comprises a converging section converging from at or about the fluid inlet side of the flow passage means in a direction towards the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Ideally, the converging section of the throat section converges in a width-wide direction of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the throat section comprises a transition section wherein cross-sectional area of the throat section converges in a width-wise direction of the flow passage means and diverges in a height-wise direction of the flow passage means.
Ideally, the throat section converges in a width-wise direction at a lesser rate than the divergence in the height-wise direction.
Ideally, the flow passage means further comprises a spacer unit.
Preferably, the spacer unit is a conduit.
Alternatively, the spacer unit comprises a plurality of conduit.
Preferably, at least one of the one or more conduit is an elbow conduit.
Preferably, the spacer unit comprises one or more substantially straight conduit. Preferably, the spacer unit is couplable to a portion of a thermal management system by coupling means.
Ideally, seal means are provided between the spacer unit and the portion of a thermal management system Preferably, the flow passage means comprises a diverging section located downstream of the inlet side of the flow passage means.
Ideally, the flow passage means comprises a diverging section extending between the inlet side of the flow passage means and the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the outlet side of the flow passage means extends to substantially similar longitudinal and latitudinal positions of the thermal transfer means.
Ideally, the outlet side of the flow passage means extends to identical longitudinal and latitudinal positions of the thermal transfer means.
Preferably, the outlet side of the flow passage means corresponds in shape and size to that of the inlet of the thermal transfer means.
Preferably, the flow passage means comprises a casing defining a cavity, the casing extending from the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the flow passage means comprises a continuous casing defining a cavity, the continuous casing extending from the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Ideally, the cavity extends from the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the cavity of the flow passage means is in fluid communication with the thermal transfer means Preferably, the cavity diverges and/or expands as it develops from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Ideally, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction as it extends from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a width-wise direction as it extends from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Ideally, the cavity diverges and/or expands in both a height-wise and width-wise direction as the cavity extends from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at a greater rate than the divergence and/or expansion in a width-wise direction as the cavity extends from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 85°.
Ideally, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 60°.
Preferably, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 30°.
Ideally, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 15°.
Ideally, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 10°.
Ideally, the cavity of the flow passage means enlarges at it develops in a direction from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the height of the flow passage means is less than 100mm.
Ideally, the height of the flow passage means is less than 90mm.
Preferably, the height of the flow passage means is less than 80mm. Preferably, the height of the flow passage means is less than 70mm. Ideally, the width of the flow passage means is less than 10mm. Preferably, the width of the flow passage means is less than 8mm.
Ideally, the width of the flow passage means is less than 5mm.
Preferably, the width of the flow passage means is less than 3mm. Ideally, the width of the flow passage means is less than 2.5mm.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the flow passage means is less than 175mm2.
Ideally, the cross-sectional area of the flow passage means remains substantially constant as the flow passage means diverges from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the cavity converges and/or contracts as it develops from at or about the inlet side to the outlet side.
Ideally, the cavity converges and/or contracts in a width-wise direction as it extends from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the cavity diverges upstream of where the cavity converges.
Ideally, the cavity converges at a location proximal to the flow passage means inlet side.
Preferably, the cross-sectional geometry of the cavity transitions from dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of a conduit of a thermal management system to dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of the thermal transfer means of the battery module.
Preferably, the cross-sectional geometry of the cavity transitions from the dimensions of a substantially circular inlet side of the flow passage means to a substantially polygonal outlet side of the flow passage means.
Alternatively, the cross-sectional geometry of the cavity transitions from the dimensions of a substantially circular inlet side of the flow passage means to a substantially ovoidal outlet side of the flow passage means.
Ideally, the housing comprises a base portion.
Preferably, the base portion is configured to engage the one of more battery cells, to secure the one or more battery cells in position.
Ideally, the housing further comprises lid portion.
Preferably, the lid portion is configured to engage the one of more battery cells, to secure the one or more battery cells in position.
Ideally the housing further comprises a framework extending from the base portion.
Preferably, the framework extends from the base portion of the housing to the lid portion.
Ideally, the housing further comprises at least one side panel.
Preferably, the at least one side panel is connectable to the framework.
Ideally, the at least one side panel is connectable to the base portion.
Preferably, the at least one side panel extends from the base portion to the lid portion.
Ideally, the housing comprises two side panels correspondingly located at opposing portions of the base portion.
Preferably, the housing comprises two pairs of opposing side panels correspondingly located at opposing portions of the base portion respectively.
Ideally, the flow passage means is integrated into at least one side panel of the housing.
Preferably, the flow passage means and at least part of the housing are formed as a unitary component.
Ideally, the flow passage means is integrated into a single side panel of the housing. Preferably, the flow passage means and a single side panel of the housing are formed as a unitary component.
to In the alternative, the flow passage means is couplable to at least one side panel of the housing.
In the alternative most ideally, the flow passage means is couplable to a single side panel of the housing.
Preferably, the flow passage means penetrates at least one side panel of the housing Ideally, the battery module further comprises at least one busbar to conduct electric from the one or more battery cells within the housing.
Preferably the thermal transfer means is in direct contact with side surface(s) of the one or more battery cells.
Ideally, the thermal transfer means is in indirect contact with side surface(s) of the one or more battery cells via an interface region or interface material.
Preferably the thermal transfer means is in indirect contact with side surface(s) of the one or more battery cells via a casing sheath surrounding the cell(s).
Preferably, the battery module further comprises a second flow passage means. Ideally, the second flow passage means having a transition portion having at least a converging section converging from at or about the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means comprises a converging section located downstream of the inlet side of the second flow passage means.
Ideally, the battery module comprises a first flow passage means configured to transfer fluid to the thermal transfer means and a second flow passage means to transfer fluid from the thermal transfer means.
Advantageously, the gradual conversion of the cross-sectional area of the transition portion of the second flow passage means from its inlet side to its outlet side means that the fluid flow from the thermal transfer means into a conduit of the thermal management system has been stabilised and is adapted to flow smoothly into the cross-sectional area of the conduit of the thermal management system.
Preferably, the second flow passage means is integrated into the housing.
S
Ideally, the second flow passage means and at least part of the housing are formed as a unitary component.
Alternatively, the second flow passage means is couplable to the housing.
Preferably, the second flow passage means penetrates through a portion of the housing.
Ideally, the second flow passage means inlet side is arranged inside of the battery module housing.
Preferably, the second flow passage means outlet side is arranged external to the battery module housing.
Ideally, the second flow passage means inlet side is arranged upon an interior portion of the battery module housing.
Preferably, the second flow passage means outlet side is arranged upon an external portion of the battery module housing.
Ideally, the second flow passage means is connectable to the thermal transfer means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means is fluidly connected to the thermal transfer means.
Ideally, the second flow passage means couples the thermal transfer means to a portion of a thermal management system.
Preferably, the second flow passage means is fluidly connected to the thermal transfer 20 means and to the thermal management system.
Ideally, the second flow passage means is configured to be attached to a portion of the thermal management system such that fluid may be conveyed around the thermal management system.
Ideally, the second flow passage means is connectable to a pump.
Preferably, the pump is configured to induce a flow in the fluid within the thermal transfer means.
Ideally, the second flow passage means is configured to guide the fluid from the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means. Preferably, the second flow passage means is configured to comprise a downward linear converging section.
Alternatively, the second flow passage means is configured to comprise a parabolic converging section.
Advantageously, a downward linear and/or parabolic converging section would ensure a smooth transition of fluid from the thermal transfer means to the conduit of the thermal management system.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the second flow passage means decreases in the in-use streamwise direction of the fluid.
Ideally, the second flow passage means further comprises a throat section.
Ideally, the second flow passage means throat section is proximal to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means throat section comprises a diverging section, diverging from at or about the fluid outlet side of the second flow passage means in a direction away from the inlet side of the second flow passage means.
Ideally, the diverging section of the second flow passage means throat section diverges in a width-wide direction of the second flow passage means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means throat section comprises a transition to section wherein cross-sectional area of the second flow passage means throat section diverges in a width-wise direction of the second flow passage means and converges in a height-wise direction of the second flow passage means.
Ideally, the second flow passage means throat section diverges in a width-wise direction at a lesser rate than the convergence in the height-wise direction Preferably, the second flow passage means comprises a converging section extending between the inlet side of the second flow passage means and the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Preferably, the inlet side of the second flow passage means extends to substantially similar longitudinal and latitudinal positions of the outlet side of the thermal transfer means.
Ideally, the inlet side of the second flow passage means extends to identical longitudinal and latitudinal positions of outlet side of the thermal transfer means.
Preferably, the inlet side of the second flow passage means corresponds in shape and size to that of the outlet side of the thermal transfer means.
Ideally, the second flow passage means comprises a casing defining a cavity, the casing extending from the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means comprises a continuous casing defining a cavity, the continuous casing extending from the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Ideally, the second flow passage means cavity extends from the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means cavity is in fluid communication with the thermal transfer means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means cavity converges and/or narrows as it develops from at or about the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Ideally, the second flow passage means cavity converges and/or narrows in a height-wise direction as it extends from at or about the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means cavity converges and/or narrows in a width-wise direction as it extends from at or about the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Ideally, the second flow passage means cavity converges and/or narrows in both a height-wise and width-wise direction as the second flow passage means cavity extends from at or about the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second to flow passage means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means cavity converges and/or narrows in a height-wise direction at a greater rate than the convergence and/or narrowing in a width-wise direction as the second flow passage means cavity extends from at or about the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Ideally, the second flow passage means cavity narrows at it develops in a direction from at or about the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Preferably, the height of the second flow passage means is less than 100mm.
Ideally, the height of the second flow passage means is less than 90mm.
Preferably, the height of the second flow passage means is less than 80mm.
Preferably, the height of the second flow passage means is less than 70mm. Ideally, the width of the second flow passage means is less than lOmm. Preferably, the width of the second flow passage means is less than 8mm. Ideally, the width of the second flow passage means is less than 5mm.
Preferably, the width of the second flow passage means is less than 3mm.
Ideally, the width of the second flow passage means is less than 2.5mm. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the second flow passage means less than 175mm2.
Ideally, the cross-sectional area of the second flow passage means remains substantially constant as the flow passage means diverges from at or about the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means cavity diverges and/or expands as it develops at or about the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Ideally, the second flow passage means cavity diverges and/or expands in a width-wise direction at or about the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Preferably, the second flow passage means cavity converges upstream of where the cavity diverges.
Ideally, the second flow passage means cavity diverges at a location proximal to the second flow passage means outlet side.
Preferably, the cross-sectional geometry of the second flow passage means cavity transitions from dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of the thermal transfer means of the battery module to that of dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of a conduit of a thermal management system.
Preferably, the cross-sectional geometry of the second flow passage means cavity transitions from the dimensions of a substantially polygonal inlet side of the second flow passage means to a substantially circular outlet side of the second flow passage means.
to Alternatively, the cross-sectional geometry of the second flow passage means cavity transitions from the dimensions of a substantially ovoidal inlet side of the second flow passage means to a substantially circular outlet side of the second flow passage means.
Ideally, the second flow passage means further comprises a spacer unit.
Preferably, the second flow passage means spacer unit is a conduct.
Alternatively, the second flow passage means spacer unit comprises a plurality of conduit.
Preferably, at least one of the one or more conduit is an elbow conduit.
Preferably, the second flow passage means spacer unit comprises one or more substantially straight conduit.
Preferably, the second flow passage means spacer unit is couplable to a portion of a thermal management system by coupling means.
Ideally, seal means are provided between the second flow passage means spacer unit and the portion of a thermal management system.
Preferably, the first and/or second flow passage means is connectable to a pump.
Ideally, the second flow passage means is integrated into at least one side panel of the housing of the battery module.
Preferably, the second flow passage means and at least part of the housing are formed as a unitary component.
Ideally, the second flow passage means is integrated into a single side panel of the 30 housing.
Preferably, the second flow passage means and a single side panel of the housing are formed as a unitary component.
In the alternative, the second flow passage means is couplable to at least one side panel of the housing.
In the alternative most ideally, the second flow passage means is couplable to a single side panel of the housing.
Preferably, the second flow passage means penetrates at least one side panel of the housing.
Ideally, the thermal transfer means comprises a flexible duct Preferably, the thermal transfer means comprises a plurality of ducts.
Ideally, the one or more ducts are serpentine ducts.
Preferably, the one or more duds are manifold ducts.
Preferably, the thermal transfer means comprises one or more substantially straight ducts Ideally, the thermal transfer means comprises one or more parallel ducts.
Preferably, the cavity of the flow passage means is in fluid communication with the lumen of the one or more ducts.
Preferably the or each duct comprises one or more substantially straight sections. Ideally the or each duct is configured to carry a coolant fluid.
Preferably the or each duct is configured to carry a water-glycol mixture.
Preferably, the fluid is air or a liquid.
Ideally, the fluid comprises a refrigerant.
Preferably, the flow passage means and/or the second flow passage means comprises a conical diffuser tube Ideally, the flow passage means and/or the second flow passage means comprises a straight divergent tube.
Preferably, the flow passage means and/or the second flow passage means comprises an elbow type tube.
Ideally, the flow passage means and/or the second flow passage means comprises an elbow type tube with varying cross sections.
Preferably, the flow passage means and/or the second flow passage means comprises a circular diffuser tube.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a flow passage component to be used in conjunction with a battery module having a thermal transfer means, the flow passage component comprising inlet and outlet sides configured to transfer fluid to a thermal transfer means characterised in that the flow passage component is configured to guide the fluid from the inlet side to the outlet side to delimit pressure loss within the thermal transfer means. Preferably, the flow passage component transverses a portion of a housing of the battery module.
Ideally, the flow passage component is configured to comprise an upward linear diverging section.
Alternatively, the flow passage component is configured to comprise a parabolic diverging section.
Preferably, the flow passage component comprises a diverging section located downstream of the inlet side of the flow passage means when in use.
Ideally, the flow passage component comprises a diverging section located proximal to the inlet side of the flow passage component.
Preferably, the flow passage component diverges and/or expands as it develops from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage component to the outlet side of the flow passage component.
Ideally, the flow passage component diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction as it extends from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage component to the outlet side of the flow passage component.
Preferably, the flow passage component diverges over a length of at least 0.5cm. Preferably, the flow passage component diverges over a length of at least 1cm.
Ideally, the flow passage component diverges over a length of at least 5cm.
Preferably, the flow passage component diverges over a length of at least 10cm. Preferably, the flow passage component diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 85°.
Ideally, the flow passage component diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 60°.
Preferably, the flow passage component diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 30°.
Ideally, the flow passage component diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 15°.
Ideally, the flow passage component diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 10°.
Preferably, the flow passage component diverges and/or expands in a width-wise direction as it extends from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage component to the outlet side of the flow passage component.
Ideally, the flow passage component diverges and/or expands in both a height-wise and width-wise direction as the flow passage component extends from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage component to the outlet side of the flow passage component.
Preferably, the flow passage component diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at a greater rate than the divergence and/or expansion in a width-wise direction as the flow passage component extends from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage component to the outlet side of the flow passage component.
Ideally, the flow passage component enlarges at it develops in a direction from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage component to the outlet side of the flow passage component.
Preferably, the height of the flow passage component is less than 100mm.
Ideally, the height of the flow passage component is less than 90mm.
Preferably, the height of the flow passage component is less than 80mm. Preferably, the height of the flow passage component is less than 70mm. Ideally, the width of the flow passage component is less than 10mm. Preferably, the width of the flow passage component is less than 8mm.
Ideally, the width of the flow passage component is less than 5mm.
Preferably, the width of the flow passage component is less than 3mm. Ideally, the width of the flow passage component is less than 2.5mm. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the flow passage component is less than 175MM2.
Ideally, the cross-sectional area of the flow passage component remains substantially constant as the flow passage means diverges from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
Preferably, the flow passage component converges and/or contracts as it develops from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage component to the outlet side of the flow 20 passage component.
Ideally, the flow passage component converges and/or contracts in a width-wise direction as it extends from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage component to the outlet side of the flow passage component.
Preferably, the flow passage component diverges upstream of where the flow passage component converges.
Ideally, the flow passage component converges at a location proximal to the flow passage component inlet side.
Preferably, the cross-sectional geometry of the flow passage component transitions from dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of a conduit of a thermal management system to dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of the thermal transfer means of the battery module.
Preferably, the cross-sectional geometry of the flow passage component transitions from the dimensions of a substantially circular inlet side of the flow passage component to a substantially polygonal outlet side of the flow passage component.
Alternatively, the cross-sectional geometry of the flow passage component transitions from the dimensions of a substantially circular inlet side of the flow passage component to a substantially ovoidal outlet side of the flow passage component.
Preferably, the outlet side of the flow passage component extends to substantially similar longitudinal and latitudinal positions of the inlet side of the thermal transfer means.
Ideally, the outlet side of the flow passage component extends to identical longitudinal and latitudinal positions of the inlet side of the thermal transfer means.
Preferably, the outlet side of the flow passage component corresponds in shape and size to that of the inlet side of the thermal transfer means.
Preferably, the flow passage component comprises a casing defining a cavity, the casing extending from the inlet side to the outlet side.
Preferably, the flow passage component comprises a continuous casing defining a cavity, the continuous casing extending from the inlet side to the outlet side.
Ideally, the cavity extends from the inlet side to the outlet side of the flow passage component.
Preferably, the cavity diverges and/or expands as it develops from the inlet side to the outlet side.
Preferably, the cavity of the flow passage component is in fluid communication with the thermal transfer means.
Ideally, the cavity of the flow passage means enlarges at it develops from the inlet side to the outlet side Preferably, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 85°.
Ideally, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 60°.
Preferably, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 30°.
Ideally, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 15°.
Ideally, the cavity diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at an angle less than 10°.
Preferably, the flow passage component further comprises a throat section.
Ideally, the throat section is proximal to the inlet side of the flow passage component.
Preferably, the throat section comprises a converging section.
Ideally, the throat section is a conduit.
Ideally, the throat section is couplable to a portion of a thermal management system by coupling means.
Preferably, seal means are provided between the throat section and the portion of a thermal management system Preferably, the flow passage component comprises a conical diffuser tube.
Preferably, the flow passage component comprises a conical diffuser flexible tube. Preferably, the flow passage component comprises a circular diffuser tube. Preferably, the flow passage component comprises a circular flexible diffuser tube.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a housing unit configured to house at least a portion of one or more battery cells and a thermal transfer means characterised in that the housing comprises at least one entry aperture configured to allow at least a portion of a flow passage means to enter the housing and connect to the thermal transfer means housed within said housing.
Preferably, the flow passage means entry aperture corresponds in size to the perimeter of the portion of the flow passage means traversing the housing.
Ideally, the flow passage means entry aperture corresponds in size to the cross-sectional perimeter of the portion of the flow passage means traversing the housing. Preferably, the flow passage means entry aperture is the same size as or is slightly larger than the perimeter of the portion of the flow passage means traversing the housing.
Ideally, the flow passage means entry aperture is the same size as or is slightly larger than the cross-sectional perimeter of the portion of the flow passage means traversing the housing.
Preferably, the housing unit comprises a pair of entry apertures configured to allow at least a portion of two flow passage means to enter the housing and connect to the thermal transfer means housed within said housing.
Ideally, the housing comprises a base portion.
Preferably, the base portion is configured to engage the one of more battery cells, to secure the one or more battery cells in position.
Ideally, the housing further comprises lid portion.
Preferably, the lid portion is configured to engage the one of more battery cells, to secure the one or more battery cells in position.
Ideally the housing further comprises framework extending from the base portion.
Preferably, the framework extends from the base portion of the housing to the lid portion.
Ideally, the housing further comprises at least one side panel.
Preferably, the at least one side panel is connectable to the framework.
Ideally, the at least one side panel is connectable to the base portion.
Preferably, the at least one side panel extends from the base portion to the lid portion.
Ideally, the housing comprises two side panels correspondingly located at opposing portions of the base portion.
Preferably, the housing comprises two pairs opposing side panels correspondingly located at opposing portions of the base portion respectively.
The skilled man will appreciate that all preferred or optional features of the invention described with reference to only some aspects or embodiments of the invention may be applied to all aspects of the invention.
It will be appreciated that optional features applicable to one aspect of the invention can be used in any combination, and in any number. Moreover, they can also be used with any of the other aspects of the invention in any combination and in any number. This includes, but is not limited to, the dependent claims from any claim being used as dependent claims for any other claim in the claims of this application.
The invention will now be described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings which shows by way of example only one embodiment of an apparatus in accordance with the invention.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a battery module housing with lid portion attached; Figure 2 is a perspective view of a battery module housing fitted with an array of battery cells with lid portion not present; Figure 3 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the flow passage means and second flow passage means fitted to the thermal transfer means; Figure 4 is a perspective front view of a first embodiment of the flow passage means; Figure 5 is a perspective rear view of a first embodiment of the flow passage means; Figure 6 is a perspective front view of a first embodiment of the second flow passage means; Figure 7 is a perspective rear view of a first embodiment of the second flow passage means; Figure 8 is a perspective front view of a second embodiment of the flow passage means; Figure 9 is a perspective rear view of the second embodiment of the flow passage means; Figure 10 is a perspective front view of a second embodiment of the second flow passage means; Figure 11 is a perspective rear view of a second embodiment of the second flow passage means; Figure 12 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the flow passage means; Figure 13 is a side view of the third embodiment of the flow passage means.
In the drawings, there is shown a battery module indicated generally by the reference numeral 1. The battery module 1 having a housing 2 which is configured to house at least a portion of one or more battery cells 3 and a thermal transfer component 4. The housing 2 further has a flow passage component 5 with inlet 6 and outlet 7 sides configured to transfer fluid (not shown) to and from the thermal transfer component 4. The term "battery" is used herein to describe one or more individual cells, for example a group of cells arranged in an array. The term "cell" may be used to refer to any variety of cell, including but not limited to, lithium-ion or nickel metal hydride cells.
The flow passage component 5 has a transition portion 8 having at least a diverging section 9 diverging from at or about the inlet side 6 of the flow passage component 5 to the outlet side 7 of the flow passage component 5. Having a transition portion 8 with a diverging section 9 means that there is no sudden change in cross-sectional shape upstream of the fluid flow when in use. This reduces the risk of a reduction in flow rate which means that there is a reduction in the risk of non-uniform heat transfer between the one or more battery cells 3 and the thermal transfer component 4. Further, the gradual conversion of the cross-sectional area of the transition portion 8 from the inlet side 6 to the outlet side 7 means that the fluid flow into the thermal transfer component 4 has been stabilised and is adapted to flow smoothly into the cross-sectional area of the thermal transfer component 4.
In an embodiment the flow passage component 5 is integrated into the housing 2; as shown in Figure 1. Alternatively, in a further embodiment, the flow passage component 5 is couplable to the housing 2. In either embodiment, the flow passage component 5 penetrates through a portion of the housing 2 whereby the flow passage component outlet side 7 is arranged inside of the battery module housing 2 and the flow passage component inlet side 6 is arranged external to the battery module housing 2.
The flow passage component 5 connects to the thermal transfer component 4. The flow passage component 5 couples the thermal transfer component 4 to a portion of a thermal management system (not shown). The flow passage component 5 is configured to be attached to a portion of the thermal management system 4 such that fluid (not shown) may be conveyed around the thermal management system (not shown). The flow passage means is connectable to a pump (not shown) within the thermal management system (not shown). The pump (not shown) being configured to induce a flow in the fluid (not shown) within the thermal transfer component 4.
The flow passage component 5 is configured to guide the fluid (not shown) from the inlet side 6 to the outlet side 7 to delimit pressure loss within the thermal transfer component 4. It will be appreciated that delimiting pressure loss within the thermal transfer component 4 reduces the risk of non-uniform heat transfer between the one or more battery cells 3 and the thermal transfer component 4. Further, having the flow passage component 5 configured to guide the fluid from the inlet side 6 to the outlet side 7 reduces the risk of a plume effect which would cause inadequate and ineffective cooling to the battery cell(s) 3 within the battery module 1; especially those in proximity to the outlet side 7 of the flow passage component 5. Additionally, having the flow passage component 5 configured to guide the fluid (not shown) from the inlet side 6 to the outlet side 7 reduces the risk of turbulent flow within the thermal transfer component 4; especially in locations proximal to the outlet side 7 of the flow passage component 5.
The flow passage component 5 comprises a diverging section 9 located downstream of the inlet side 6 of the flow passage component 5. As can be seen from the figures, the flow passage component 5 is configured to comprise an upward linear diverging section 9.
Alternatively, the flow passage component 5 is configured to comprise a parabolic diverging section. This ensures a smooth transition of fluid (not shown) into the thermal transfer component 4 ensuring a more uniform heat transfer between the one or more battery cells 3 and the thermal transfer component 4.
The diverging section 9 extends between the inlet side 6 of the flow passage component 5 and the outlet side 7 of the flow passage component 5. The outlet side 7 of the flow passage component 5 extends to substantially similar (if not identical) longitudinal and latitudinal positions of the thermal transfer component 4; corresponding in shape and size to that of inlet 10 of the thermal transfer component 4.
As shown the flow passage component 5 further comprises a throat section 11. The throat section 11 is proximal to the inlet side 6 of the flow passage component 5. The throat section 11 comprises a converging section (not shown) converging from at or about the fluid inlet side 6 of the flow passage component 5 in a direction towards the outlet side 7 of the flow passage component 5. The throat section 11 comprises a transition section (not shown) wherein cross-sectional area of the throat section 11 converges in a width-wise direction of the flow passage component 5 and diverges in a height-wise direction of the flow passage component 5. The convergence of the throat section 11 in a width-wise direction being at a lesser rate than the divergence in the height-wise direction.
The flow passage component 5 further comprises a spacer unit 12 which is a duct or can be one or more ducts. The spacer unit 12 is couplable to a portion of a thermal management system (not shown) by coupling elements (not shown). Sealing elements (not shown) are also provided between the spacer unit 12 and the portion of a thermal management system (not shown).
The flow passage components comprises a casing 13 whereby the casing 13 defines a cavity 14; both the casing 13 and cavity 14 extending from the inlet side 6 to the outlet side 7. The cavity 14 diverges and/or expands as it develops from at or about the inlet side 6 to the outlet side 7 of the flow passage component 5. The cavity (not shown) of the flow passage component 5 is in fluid communication with a portion of the thermal transfer component 4. The cavity 14 further converges and/or contracts as it develops from at or about the inlet side 6 of the flow passage component 5 to the outlet side 7 of the flow passage component 5. The cavity 14 diverges upstream of where the cavity 14 converges.
As can be seen within the drawings, the cross-sectional geometry of the cavity 14 transitions from dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of a conduit of a thermal management system (not shown) to dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of the inlet of the thermal transfer component 4 of the battery module 1.
The battery module 1 further comprises a second flow passage component 15 i.e. the battery module 1 comprises a first flow passage component 5 configured to transfer fluid (not shown) to the thermal transfer component 4 and a second flow passage component 15 to transfer fluid (not shown) from the thermal transfer component 4. In an embodiment the second flow passage component 15 is integrated into the housing 2; as shown in Figure 1. Alternatively, in a further embodiment, the second flow passage component 15 is couplable to the housing 2. In either embodiment, the second flow passage component 15 penetrates through a portion of the housing 2 whereby the second flow passage component 15 inlet side 16 is arranged upon an interior portion of the battery module housing 2 and the outlet side 17 is arranged upon an external portion of the battery module housing.
The second flow passage component 15 has a transition portion 18 having at least a converging section 19 converging from at or about the inlet side 16 of the second flow passage component 15 to the outlet side 17 of the second flow passage component 15. The converging section 19 of the second flow passage component 15 is located downstream of the inlet side 16 of the second flow passage component 15.
The second flow passage component 15 is configured to guide the fluid (not shown) from the inlet side 16 of the second flow passage component 15 to the outlet side 17 of the second flow passage component 15. The second flow passage component 15 is configured to comprise a downward linear converging section 20. Alternatively, the second flow passage component 15 is configured to comprise a parabolic converging section. A downward linear and/or parabolic converging section 20 ensures a smooth transition of fluid from the thermal transfer component 4 to the conduit of the thermal management system (not shown).
The second flow passage component 15 further has a throat section 21. This second flow passage component throat section 21 is proximal to the outlet side 17 of the second flow passage component 15. The second flow passage component throat section 21 comprises a diverging section (not shown), diverging a width-wide direction from at or about the outlet side 17 of the second flow passage component 15 in a direction away from the inlet side 16 of the second flow passage 15. The second flow passage means throat section 21 comprises a transition section (not shown) wherein cross-sectional area of the second flow passage component throat section 21 diverges in a width-wise direction of the second flow passage component 15 and converges in a height-wise direction of the second flow passage component 15. The second flow passage component throat section 21 diverging in the widthwise direction at a lesser rate than the convergence in the height-wise direction.
The second flow passage component 15 comprises a converging section 19 extending between the inlet side 16 of the second flow passage component 15 and the outlet side 17 of the second flow passage component 15. The inlet side 16 of the second flow passage component 15 extends to substantially similar (if not identical) longitudinal and latitudinal positions of the outlet side 22 of the thermal transfer component 4; corresponding in shape and size to that of the outlet side 22 of the thermal transfer component 4.
The second flow passage component 15 has a casing 23 defining a cavity 24. Both the casing 23 and the cavity 24 extend from the inlet side 16 of the second flow passage component 15 to the outlet side 17 of the second flow passage component 15. The second flow passage component cavity 26 is in fluid communication with the thermal transfer component 4. The second flow passage component cavity 26 converges and/or narrows as it develops from at or about the inlet side 16 of the second flow passage component 15 to the outlet side 17 of the second flow passage component 15. The second flow passage component cavity 26 converging and/or narrowing in a height-wise direction at a greater rate than the convergence and/or narrowing in a width-wise direction.
The second flow passage cavity 26 diverges and/or expands as it develops at or about the outlet side 17 of the second flow passage component 15. It will be appreciated that the second flow passage component cavity 26 converges upstream of where the cavity 26 diverges. The second flow passage component cavity 26 diverges at a location proximal to the second flow passage component outlet side 17.
The cross-sectional geometry of the second flow passage component cavity 26 transitions from dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of the outlet of the thermal transfer 4 of the battery module 1 to that of dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of a conduit of a thermal management system (not shown) i.e. the cross-sectional geometry of the second flow passage component cavity 26 transitions from the dimensions of a substantially polygonal/ovoidal inlet side 16 of the second flow passage component 15 to a substantially circular outlet side 17 of the second flow passage component.
The second flow passage component 15 further comprises a spacer unit 25 which is a duct or can be one or more ducts. The spacer unit 25 is couplable to a portion of a thermal management system (not shown) by coupling elements (not shown). Sealing elements (not shown) are also provided between the spacer unit 25 and the portion of a thermal management system (not shown).
The battery module housing 2 comprises a base portion 26. The base portion 26 is configured to engage the one of more battery cells 3, to secure the one or more battery cells 3 in position. In an embodiment shown in figure 1 the housing 2 further comprises lid portion 27. The lid portion 27 is configured to engage the one of more battery cells 3, to secure the one or more battery cells 3 in position. The housing 2 further comprises a framework 28 extending from the base portion 26. The housing 2 further comprises at least one side panel 29. The at least one side panel 29 is connectable to the framework 28 and the base portion 26. The flow passage components 5/15 are integrated into a side panel 29 of the housing 2. Alternatively, the flow passage components 5/15 are couplable to at least one side panel 29 of the housing 2. The flow passage components 5/15 penetrate at least one side panel 29 of the housing 2.
The thermal transfer component 4 is in direct contact with side surface(s) of the one or more battery cells 3. Alternatively, the thermal transfer component 4 is in indirect contact with side surface(s) of the one or more battery cells 3. The thermal transfer component 4 comprises a flexible duct 30 or a plurality of ducts. The or each duct 30 are configured to carry a coolant fluid (not shown). the fluid (not shown) is air or a liquid. The fluid (not shown) comprises a refrigerant (not shown).
In a further embodiment shown in figures 12 and 13, there is shown a flow passage component generally indicated by the number 101 to be used in conjunction with a battery module 1 having a thermal transfer component 4. The flow passage component 101 comprising inlet 102 and outlet 103 sides configured to transfer fluid (not shown) to the thermal transfer component 4 characterised in that the flow passage component 101 is configured to guide the fluid (not shown) from the inlet side 102 to the outlet side 103 to delimit pressure loss within the thermal transfer component. The flow passage component 101 transverses a portion of a housing 2 of the battery module 1.
The flow passage component 101 comprises a diverging section 104 located downstream of the inlet side 102 of the flow passage means when in use. The flow passage component 101 is configured to comprise an upward linear diverging section 104. Alternatively, the flow passage component 101 is configured to comprise a parabolic diverging section. The diverging section 104 is located proximal to the inlet side 102 of the flow passage component 101. The flow passage component 101 diverges and/or expands as it develops from at or about the inlet side 102 of the flow passage component 101 to the outlet side 103 of the flow passage component 101. The flow passage component 101 diverges and/or expands in both a height-wise and width-wise direction as the flow passage component 101 extends from at or about the inlet side 102 of the flow passage component 101 to the outlet side 103 of the flow passage component 101. The flow passage component 101 diverges and/or expands in a height-wise direction at a greater rate than the divergence and/or expansion in a width-wise direction.
The flow passage component 101 converges and/or contracts at a location proximal to the flow passage component 101 inlet side 102, in a width-wise direction as it extends from at or about the inlet side 102 of the flow passage component 101 to the outlet side 103 of the flow passage component 101. The flow passage component 101 diverges upstream of where the flow passage component 101 converges. The cross-sectional geometry of the flow passage component 101 transitions from dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of a conduit of a thermal management system (not shown) to dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of a thermal transfer component 4 of the battery module 1. The cross-sectional geometry of the flow passage component 101 transitions from the dimensions of a substantially circular inlet side 102 of the flow passage component 101 to a substantially polygonal/ovoidal outlet side 103 of the flow passage component 101. The outlet side 103 of the flow passage component 101 extends to substantially similar Of not identical) longitudinal and latitudinal positions of the inlet side of the thermal transfer component 4; corresponding in shape and size to that of the inlet side of the thermal transfer component 4.
The flow passage component 101 comprises a casing 104 defining a cavity 105, the casing 104 and cavity 105 extending from the inlet side 102 to the outlet side 103. The cavity diverges and/or expands as it develops from the inlet side 102 to the outlet side 103.
The cavity 105 of the flow passage component 101 is in fluid communication with the thermal transfer component 4 in use.
As shown within figures 8 and 9 the flow passage component 101 further comprises a throat section 106. The throat section 106 is proximal to the inlet side 102 of the flow passage component 101 and comprises a converging section (not shown). The throat section 106 is a duct or can be one or more ducts. The throat section 106 is couplable to a portion of a thermal management system (not shown) by coupling elements (not shown). Sealing elements (not shown) are provided between the throat section 106 and the portion of a thermal management system (not shown).
In relation to the detailed description of the different embodiments of the invention, it will be understood that one or more technical features of one embodiment can be used in combination with one or more technical features of any other embodiment where the transferred use of the one or more technical features would be immediately apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art to carry out a similar function in a similar way on the other embodiment.
In the preceding discussion of the invention, unless stated to the contrary, the disclosure of alternative values for the upper or lower limit of the permitted range of a parameter, coupled with an indication that one of the said values is more highly preferred than the other, is to be construed as an implied statement that each intermediate value of said parameter, lying between the more preferred and the less preferred of said alternatives, is itself preferred to said less preferred value and also to each value lying between said less preferred value and said intermediate value.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description or the following drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing a disclosed function, or a method or a process of attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may separately, or in any combination of such features be utilised for realising the invention in diverse forms thereof.
15 20 25 30

Claims (24)

  1. CLAIMS1 A battery module comprising a housing configured to house at least a portion of one or more battery cells and a thermal transfer means characterised in that the housing comprises flow passage means with inlet and outlet sides configured to transfer fluid to and from the thermal transfer means, the flow passage means comprising a transition portion having at least a diverging section diverging from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
  2. 2. A battery module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flow passage means is integrated into the housing.
  3. 3. A battery module as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the flow passage means and at least part of the housing are formed as a unitary component.
  4. 4. A battery module as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the flow passage means is couplable to the housing.
  5. 5. A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow passage means penetrates through a portion of the housing.
  6. 6. A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow passage means is connectable to the thermal transfer means
  7. 7 A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow passage means couples the thermal transfer means to a portion of a thermal management system.
  8. 8 A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow passage means is configured to guide the fluid from the inlet side to the outlet side to delimit pressure loss within the thermal transfer means.
  9. 9. A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow passage means further comprises a throat section.
  10. 10. A battery module as claimed in claim 9, wherein the throat section is proximal to the inlet side of the flow passage means.
  11. 11. A battery module as claimed in claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the throat section comprises a transition section wherein cross-sectional area of the throat section converges in a width-wise direction of the flow passage means and diverges in a height-wise direction of the flow passage means.
  12. 12. A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow passage means further comprises a spacer unit.
  13. 13. A battery module as claimed in claim 12, wherein the spacer unit is couplable to a portion of a thermal management system by coupling means.
  14. 14. A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outlet side of the flow passage means extends to substantially similar longitudinal and latitudinal positions of the thermal transfer means.
  15. 15. A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outlet side of the flow passage means corresponds in shape and size to that of the inlet of the thermal transfer means.
  16. 16. A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow passage means comprises a casing defining a cavity, the casing extending from the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
  17. 17. A battery module as claimed in claim 16, wherein the cavity diverges and/or expands as it develops from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
  18. 18. A battery module as claimed in claim 16 or claim 17, wherein the cavity converges and/or contracts as it develops from at or about the inlet side to the outlet side.
  19. 19. A battery module as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the cross-geometry of the cavity transitions from dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of a conduit of a thermal management system to dimensions substantially similar or equal to that of the thermal transfer means of the battery module.
  20. 20. A battery module as claimed in claim 19, wherein the cavity diverges upstream of where the cavity converges.
  21. 21. A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross-sectional area of the flow passage means remains substantially constant as the flow passage means diverges from at or about the inlet side of the flow passage means to the outlet side of the flow passage means.
  22. 22. A battery module as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the battery module further comprises a second flow passage means.
  23. 23. A battery module as claimed in claim 22, wherein the second flow passage means having a transition portion having at least a converging section converging from at or about the inlet side of the second flow passage means to the outlet side of the second flow passage means.
  24. 24 A flow passage component to be used in conjunction with a battery module having a thermal transfer means, the flow passage component comprising inlet and outlet sides configured to transfer fluid to a thermal transfer means characterised in that the flow passage component is configured to guide the fluid from the inlet side to the outlet side to delimit pressure loss within the thermal transfer means.A housing unit configured to house at least a portion of one or more battery cells and a thermal transfer means characterised in that the housing comprises at least one entry aperture configured to allow at least a portion of a flow passage means to enter the housing and connect to the thermal transfer means housed within said housing.
GB1915778.3A 2019-10-30 2019-10-30 A component for a battery module Withdrawn GB2588646A (en)

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