CN115117514A - A staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system and an electric vehicle, which comprise a water collecting plate and a heat dissipation plate arranged on the water collecting plate; the water collecting plate comprises a main water supply flow channel, a main water drainage flow channel, a plurality of first flow channels communicated with the main water supply flow channel and a plurality of second flow channels communicated with the main water drainage flow channel; the first flow channels and the second flow channels are mutually independent and are arranged between the first side and the second side in a staggered manner; the heat dissipation plate comprises a plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates which are arranged on the water collection plate at intervals, a plurality of heat dissipation flow channels are arranged in each intermediate heat dissipation cold plate, and two ends of each heat dissipation flow channel are respectively communicated with the first flow channel and the second flow channel; the space formed by every two adjacent middle heat dissipation cold plates is used for accommodating the heat-dissipated single bodies, and the temperature difference between the heat dissipation plates and the heat-dissipated single bodies in the corresponding areas is prevented from rising through the system provided by the invention.

Description

A staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system and electric vehicle

technical field

The present application relates to the field of electric vehicles, in particular to a staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system and an electric vehicle.

Background technique

my country's new energy vehicle sales, mainly pure electric vehicles, have ranked first in the world for six consecutive years, and it is planned that the annual sales of new energy vehicles will account for more than 50% of the total vehicle sales by 2035, contributing to the "dual carbon" goal. The safety of lithium-ion power batteries is one of the important factors restricting the development of electric vehicles. The operating temperature of power batteries should be in the range of 15-35 °C, and thermal safety accidents caused by excessive battery temperature occur from time to time. In addition, longer cruising distance and faster charging speed are bound to be the development trend of pure electric vehicles, which means that power batteries will have higher energy density and greater charging power, and the heat dissipation needs of power batteries will become more and more urgent.

At present, car manufacturers ensure that the power battery works within a suitable temperature range by building an active power battery thermal management system based on air cooling or liquid cooling technology. In comparison, although air-cooled technology has low cost and no risk of liquid leakage, the specific heat capacity of air is much lower than that of coolant, and the heat exchange capacity of air-cooled technology is far inferior to that of liquid-cooled technology, and only a small number of electric vehicle models adopt it; The heat exchange structure of the cold technology is compact and the heat exchange capacity is strong, which is more suitable for the cooling of large battery packs. Liquid cooling technology is divided into direct liquid cooling technology and indirect liquid cooling technology. In direct liquid cooling technology, the cooling liquid is in direct contact with the power battery. Although the cooling effect is good, there are disadvantages such as easy leakage of cooling liquid and difficulty in later maintenance. Therefore, Auto manufacturers mostly adopt indirect liquid cooling technology, which is an indirect liquid cooling technology that adds an intermediate heat exchanger between the coolant and the power battery. The power battery is in contact with the surface of the intermediate heat exchanger, and the heat release of the battery is brought out by the flow of the cooling liquid in the intermediate heat exchanger.

In the currently widely used indirect liquid cooling technology, although the general temperature control safety requirements of the battery pack are guaranteed, the heat exchange capacity of the intermediate heat exchanger is reduced due to the constant temperature rise of the cooling liquid in the flow direction in the intermediate heat exchanger. The local temperature at the cooling liquid outlet is significantly higher than the local temperature at the cooling liquid inlet, resulting in a large temperature difference on the surface of the intermediate heat exchanger, which affects the safety of the battery pack. Studies have shown that an increase of 5°C in the temperature difference between the batteries can lead to a loss of 1.5-2% of the battery pack capacity. Excessive temperature difference between the batteries will also reduce the battery pack capacity and affect its economy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a heat dissipation structure capable of improving the temperature uniformity of the battery module of an electric vehicle.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system, which improves the uniformity of the temperature field inside the battery pack and improves the heat exchange efficiency of the radiator plate through the cooperation of the water collecting plate and the radiator plate.

The technical scheme of the present invention is:

A staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system, comprising a water collecting plate and a cooling plate arranged on the water collecting plate;

The water collecting plate includes:

The first side of the water collecting plate is provided with a general water supply channel, and the second side opposite to the first side is provided with a general drainage channel;

a plurality of first flow channels, all of which are in communication with the total water supply flow channel;

a plurality of second flow channels, all of which are in communication with the total drainage flow channel;

Wherein, a plurality of the first flow channels and a plurality of the second flow channels are independent of each other, and the plurality of the first flow channels and the plurality of the second flow channels are on the first side and the second side staggered arrangement;

The heat dissipation plate includes:

A plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates, the plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates are arranged on the water collecting plate at intervals, and each of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plates is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation channels, and each of the heat dissipation channels The two ends of the radiator are respectively connected to the first flow channel and the second flow channel; wherein, the space formed by each adjacent two intermediate heat dissipation cold plates is used for accommodating the radiated monomer;

Wherein, the general water supply channel is used to input cooling medium into the first channel, the cooling medium flows to the second channel through the heat dissipation channel, and flows out from the total drainage channel , so as to cool the heat-dissipated unit.

As one of the preferred solutions, a plurality of the heat dissipation channels are in a "U" shape and are arranged in the middle heat dissipation cold plate at intervals from the inside to the outside, and one end of at least one of the "U" shape heat dissipation channels It communicates with the first flow channel, and the other end communicates with the second flow channel which is symmetrical with the first flow channel relative to the center line of the water collecting plate, and the center line is perpendicular to the first side.

As one of the preferred solutions, the water collecting plate further includes:

a third flow channel, the third flow channel is arranged on one side adjacent to the first side, or is respectively arranged on two sides adjacent to the first side; the third flow channel Both ends of the channel are respectively communicated with the total water supply channel and the total drainage channel;

The heat dissipation plate also includes:

The side heat dissipation cold plate is arranged above the water collecting plate corresponding to the third flow channel, the side heat dissipation cold plate has a plurality of side heat dissipation channels, and two of each side heat dissipation channel are Both ends communicate with the third flow channel.

As one of the preferred solutions, the inner area of the water collecting plate is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves, each of the positioning grooves extends along the direction of the first side, and each of the intermediate cooling plates is clamped to each In the positioning groove; the edge region of the water collecting plate is provided with at least one side positioning groove, and each of the side positioning grooves is used for clamping each of the side heat dissipation cold plates.

As one of the preferred solutions, the water collecting plate further includes:

A fourth flow channel penetrating the total water supply flow channel and the total drainage flow channel is arranged in the central area of the water collecting plate, and the cooling medium directly flows from the total water supply flow channel to the fourth flow channel inside and out of the main drain runner.

As one of the preferred solutions, the inner diameter of one end of the fourth flow channel close to the total water supply flow channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the end close to the total drainage flow channel.

As one of the preferred solutions, the inner diameter of the middle region of the third flow channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the regions at both ends of the third flow channel.

As one of the preferred solutions, the total water supply channel has a structure with high middle and low ends along the height direction of the water collecting plate, which is used to buffer the instantaneous cooling medium input into the total water supply channel. flow.

As one of the preferred solutions, two ends of each of the middle heat dissipation cold plates are provided with installation grooves, and the installation grooves are embedded in the top surface of the water collecting plate and the side positioning of the side heat dissipation cold plates The bottom surface of the groove is formed so that the middle heat dissipation cold plate, the side heat dissipation cold plate and the water collecting plate are integrally formed.

The present invention also provides an electric vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system.

Compared with the prior art, the present application includes the following advantages:

The present invention proposes a staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system, which includes a water collecting plate and a cooling plate arranged on the water collecting plate; The two sides are provided with a total drainage channel, a plurality of first channels communicating with the general water supply channel, and a plurality of second channels communicating with the total drainage channel; wherein, a plurality of first channels and a plurality of second channels Independent of each other, and a plurality of first flow channels and a plurality of second flow channels are alternately arranged between the first side and the second side; the heat dissipation plate includes a plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates, and the plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates are arranged at intervals. On the water collecting plate, each intermediate heat dissipation cold plate is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation flow channels, and the two ends of each heat dissipation flow channel are respectively connected to the first flow channel and the second flow channel; wherein, each adjacent two intermediate heat dissipation cold plates The formed space is used to accommodate the radiated monomer; wherein, the general water supply channel is used to input the cooling medium into the first channel, and the cooling medium flows through the heat dissipation channel to the second channel, and flows out from the total drainage channel , to cool the heat-dissipating unit.

By adopting the technical solution of the present application, there are at least the following four significant advantages:

1. By setting the water collecting plate to flow the cooling medium, and transferring the cooling medium to the cooling plate, both the cooling plate and the water collecting plate exchange heat with the radiated monomer, and any two intermediate cooling cold plates are connected to the cooling plate. The water plate constitutes a space for accommodating the radiated monomer, which can simultaneously cool at least three surfaces of the radiated monomer, and improve the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling system and the radiated monomer;

2. Through the cooperation of the water collecting plate and the radiating plate, the first flow channel in the water collecting plate is only connected with the general water supply channel, and the second channel is only connected with the general drainage channel, so that the cooling medium input by the general water supply channel is only It can flow to the first flow channel but cannot flow to the second flow channel, and cannot flow out from the first flow channel; the first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected through the heat dissipation flow channel of the intermediate heat dissipation plate to form the initially input cooling medium (that is, no cooling medium). The cooling medium for heat exchange) can only flow from the first flow channel to the heat dissipation flow channel, and then to the flow direction of the second flow channel, so that what flows in the second flow channel is already in the heat dissipation flow channel. Exchanged cooling medium. In this way, by setting up a plurality of independent and staggered first flow channels and second flow channels, a counter-flow mode in which the flow direction of the cooling medium in the plurality of heat-dissipating flow channels is different is established, and the cooling medium is in the counter-flow mode. Uniform heat exchange is carried out with the radiated cells in the middle, which avoids the increase in the temperature difference between the radiating plate and the radiated cells in the corresponding area, thereby effectively improving the uniformity of the heat exchange of the radiating plate and improving the internal temperature field of the battery pack. Uniformity, improve the performance of the battery pack, prolong the service life, and improve the safety of the system;

3. The present invention only improves the original structure of the water collecting plate and the radiating plate to form an integrated cooling structure. During a circulating flow cycle of the cooling medium, through the interaction between the water collecting plate and the radiating plate, only cooling is required. Two external interfaces, the inlet of the working medium and the outlet of the cooling medium, can realize the multi-faceted cooling of multiple radiated units, and the flow distribution of the cooling working medium can be completed inside the system. The system has a high degree of integration and no additional assembly parts are added. In the case of , the heat exchange capacity is significantly improved;

4. The present invention can control the flow of cooling medium in different cooling channels by changing the size and quantity of the cooling channels, and focus on targeted cooling for high temperature areas, which can further improve the temperature uniformity of the cooling system.

In summary, the present invention has many of the above-mentioned main beneficial technical effects, and is not only suitable for cooling between large-scale radiated cells, but also suitable for cooling between small and medium-sized radiated cells using indirect liquid cooling technology. Especially in the field of high-energy-density power battery heat dissipation for vehicles, it has great application advantages. Multiple power battery cells can be installed at the same time, and it does not depend on the addition of auxiliary cooling components. The system has a simple molding process and can be processed and produced on a large scale. The multi-functional cooling form with multiple, multi-faceted and overall balanced cooling has the advantages of safety and environmental protection, long life, high efficiency, etc., and has a good prospect of large-scale promotion and application.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the drawings used in the description of the present application. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, which are of great significance to the art. For those of ordinary skill, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is the front view of A section in Fig. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate and the water collecting plate according to another embodiment of the present application;

5 is a structural cross-sectional view of a water collecting plate according to another embodiment of the present application;

6 is a structural cross-sectional view of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate according to still another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a structural cross-sectional view of the side heat dissipation cold plate according to another embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numbers:

1. Water collecting plate; 101. General water supply channel; 102. General drainage channel; 103. First channel; 104. Second channel; 105. Fourth channel; 106. Inlet end of third channel; 107 , the outlet end of the third runner; 108, the middle area of the third runner; 109, the positioning slot; 110, the side positioning slot; 2, the middle cooling plate; 201, the cooling flow channel; 202, the installation groove; Side heat dissipation cold plate; 301, side heat dissipation channel; 302, cold plate positioning groove; 4, power battery unit.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to solving the problems existing in electric vehicles in the background technology, but can also cool electronic devices that generate heat in operating conditions, and can be applied to chemical, petroleum, resources and environment, Industrial fields that require heat exchange, such as HVAC, energy saving and environmental protection. In the embodiment of the present invention, the heat-dissipating unit may be a power battery unit 4 of an electric vehicle, the water collecting plate 1 and the heat-dissipating plate may be a square-shaped plate made of a metal material, and the cooling medium may be liquid water or refrigerant. Wherein, the composition formula of the metal material and the type of the refrigerant can be selected within a wide range, which is not limited in the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of the overall structure of a staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system shown in the present invention, and FIG. 3 is FIG. 2 Front view of middle A section. The system can be used to cool a power battery pack that relies on electricity for energy supply. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the system includes a water collecting plate 1 and a cooling plate arranged on the water collecting plate 1;

The catchment plate 1 includes:

The first side of the water collecting plate 1 is provided with a general water supply channel 101, and the second side opposite to the first side is provided with a general drainage channel 102; a plurality of first channels 103, all of which are connected to the general water supply channel 103. The water flow channels 101 are in communication; a plurality of second flow channels 104, and the plurality of second flow channels 104 are all communicated with the total drainage flow channel 102; wherein, the plurality of first flow channels 103 and the plurality of second flow channels 104 are independent of each other, and there are many A first flow channel 103 and a plurality of second flow channels 104 are alternately arranged between the first side and the second side;

The heat sink includes:

A plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2, the plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 are arranged on the water collecting plate 1 at intervals, and each intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation channels 201. The ends are respectively connected to the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104; wherein, the space formed by each adjacent two intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 is used to accommodate the radiated monomer;

Among them, the main water supply channel 101 is used to input the cooling medium into the first channel 103, the cooling medium flows through the heat dissipation channel 201 to the second channel 104, and flows out from the main drainage channel 102, so as to provide cooling to the radiated water. body is cooled.

Specifically, the present invention defines the front side of the water collecting plate 1 as the first side, and the rear side of the water collecting plate 1 as the second side. The cooling medium is input, and a general drainage channel 102 is opened on the rear side of the water collecting plate 1 for discharging the cooling medium. In order to make full use of the space of the water collecting plate 1, it is preferable to set a total water supply channel 101 and a total drainage channel 102 on the edges of the front and rear sides of the water collecting plate 1, respectively, and the total water supply channel 101 and the total drainage channel 102 are parallel and parallel. Extend along the width direction of the water collecting plate 1, and the extended length is close to the width of the water collecting plate 1, so as to open a plurality of first flow channels 103 and second flow channels in the inner area between the front and rear sides of the water collecting plate 1 104.

Specifically, the first flow channel 103 is a channel open on one side, and the open side faces the general water supply channel 101 so as to communicate with the general water supply channel 101 , and the second channel 104 is a channel open on one side, and the open side faces the total drainage channel 102 thus communicates with the general drain flow channel 102 . The first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are parallel and extend straight along the length direction of the water collecting plate 1 , and there is no distance between two adjacent first flow channels 103 and second flow channels 104 . Since both the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are open on one side, and the opening directions are opposite, the flow direction of the cooling medium on the water collecting plate 1 can only flow toward the first flow channel 103 . By arranging an intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 that communicates with the water collecting plate 1 above the inner area of the water collecting plate 1, a heat dissipation flow channel 201 is opened in the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2, and both ends of the heat dissipation flow channel 201 are open, so that each The two ends of the cooling flow channel 201 are respectively connected to the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 with different opening directions, so that the cooling medium forms three flow directions on the system, and the first flow direction is the flow of the cooling medium from the total water supply The channel 101 flows to the end point of the first flow channel 103; the second flow direction is that the cooling medium flows from the first flow channel 103 through the cooling flow channel 201 to the second flow channel 104; the third flow direction is that the cooling medium flows in the second flow channel 104 flow.

It should be explained that since the first flow channel 103 is a channel with one side opening, the cooling medium flowing from the first flow direction to the end point of the first flow channel 103 is blocked, and no longer flows out of the first flow channel 103 and passes through the total feed water flow channel 101 The cooling medium is continuously input into the first flow channel 103, and the pressure of the cooling medium is continuously increased, so that the cooling medium overcomes the gravity and rushes up the cooling flow channel from the opening at one end of the cooling flow channel 201 corresponding to the first flow channel 103. The flow direction continues to flow.

Since the second flow direction of the cooling medium in the embodiment of the present invention always flows from the first flow channel 103 to the second flow channel 104 through the heat dissipation flow channel 201, the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 are arranged in a staggered arrangement, thereby The cooling medium presents a counter-flow mode in which the flow directions are different in the plurality of cooling channels 201, so that the local temperature at the cooling medium inlet of the cooling channel 201 in the intermediate cooling cold plate 2 is the same as the cooling medium outlet. The local temperature is the same, which avoids the surface temperature difference of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2.

Referring again to FIG. 2 , FIG. 2 exemplarily shows the flow direction of the cooling medium. Considering the readability, only the cooling liquid flow of the water collecting plate 1, an intermediate cooling plate 2 and a side cooling cold plate 3 are shown, and the cooling fluid flow of the remaining intermediate cooling plates 2 is the same as that of the intermediate cooling plate shown. The flow of the cold plate 2 is similar.

The shape and size of the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 of the present invention are the same, and the plurality of first flow channels 103 and the second flow channel 104 are alternately connected to form a bow-shaped arrangement plane. On the bow-shaped arrangement plane, the opening faces The front side of the water collecting plate 1 is the first flow channel 103 , and the opening facing the rear side of the water collecting plate 1 is the second flow channel 104 . The flow direction of the cooling medium is from the left direction of the water collecting plate 1 to the right direction of the water collecting plate 1; when the opening is located on the right side of the front side of the water collecting plate 1, the cooling medium in the adjacent heat dissipation channel 201 The flow direction of the cooling medium is from the right direction of the water collecting plate 1 to the left direction of the water collecting plate 1, so that the cooling medium forms a counter-flow mode with a left-right type of flow in the intermediate cooling plate 2. In this mode, the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2 is the flow direction of the cooling medium, and the white arrow tail indicates that the cooling medium has just flowed from the first flow channel 103 to the heat dissipation flow channel 201 without heat exchange, and the temperature is low; black The arrow tail indicates the state of the cooling medium after heat exchange through the heat dissipation flow channel 201 to the second flow channel 104 , and the temperature is relatively high. The cooling medium continuously flows into the second flow channel 104 from the heat dissipation channels 201 corresponding to the plurality of intermediate cooling cold plates 2 , merges in the second flow channel 104 , and the flow increases continuously, and finally is discharged from the general drainage channel 102 .

As an extension of this embodiment, the shapes and sizes of the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 may be completely different or partially the same, and the staggered arrangement of the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 may also be in the form of On the left part of the front side of the water plate 1, two or three first flow channels 103 are arranged side by side to form a comb-tooth shape, and at least one second flow channel 104 is staggered with the comb-tooth-shaped flow channels, on the right part of the front side of the water collecting plate 1 Form a symmetrical arrangement structure with the left part, so that the cooling medium forms multiple flow directions in the intermediate cooling cold plate 2: two left and one right type, three left and two right type, two left and two right type, three left and three right type and other counterflow modes.

The heat-dissipating unit is usually a prismatic power battery unit 4, and the prismatic power battery unit 4 is composed of a combination of several lithium batteries. The plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 of the present invention are arranged on the water collecting plate 1 in parallel and evenly spaced along the length direction of the water collecting plate 1, so that the water collecting plate 1 and the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 form a square power battery cell 4 The shape of the square space that fits. The distance between the two adjacent intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 is the same as the width of the square power battery cells 4, so that the square power battery cells 4 are sandwiched in the square space, which plays the role of stabilizing the power battery cells 4. . And the vertical surface where the long side of the horizontal plane of the square power battery cell 4 is located is close to the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2. Since the heat of the power battery cell 4 is mainly concentrated on the vertical surface where the long side is located, a power battery cell is formed. Two high-heat sides of body 4. Through the heat exchange between the high heat surface and the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2, key targeted cooling is realized, and the heat exchange efficiency and temperature uniformity of the system are improved. Preferably, the length of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 is close to the width of the water collecting plate 1 to increase the accommodation volume of the square space; the height of the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 is set according to the height of the power battery cells 4 to save the system time Use space.

It should be understood that, based on the structure and shape of the heat-dissipating unit, the shape and arrangement of the intermediate heat-dissipating cold plate 2 of the present invention can also be changed accordingly to form a space that fits the heat-dissipating unit.

In this way, the present invention installs a plurality of square power battery cells 4 in each corresponding square space, and the first flow direction and the third flow direction of the cooling medium on the system are used for the bottom surface of the square power battery cells 4 For cooling, the second flow direction is used to cool the two high-heat surfaces of the prismatic power battery cells 4 , and simultaneously cool at least three surfaces of the plurality of power battery cells 4 , thereby efficiently exchanging heat.

This embodiment is used to further improve the cooling efficiency of the high hot surface of the power battery cell 4 . Referring again to FIG. 3 , a plurality of heat dissipation channels 201 are in a "U" shape, and are arranged in the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 at intervals from the inside to the outside. The flow channel 103 is communicated, and the other end is communicated with the second flow channel 104 which is symmetrical with the first flow channel 103 relative to the center line of the water collecting plate 1, and the center line is perpendicular to the first side.

Specifically, when the total number of the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 is an even number, the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 are centrally symmetrical with respect to the center of the center line of the water collecting plate 1; When the total number of the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 is an odd number, the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 are axially symmetrical with respect to the center line of the water collecting plate 1 .

The high heat surface of the square power battery cell 4 has a larger specific surface area, so that the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 also has a larger specific surface area. By arranging the heat dissipation channels 201 on the plane, the heat dissipation channels 201 are arranged in a "U" shape and are arranged at intervals from the inside to the outside, and the openings at both ends of the "U" shape heat dissipation channels 201 are connected to the water collecting plate. The center line of 1 is symmetrical with the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104. The size of the outermost heat dissipation flow channel 201 is slightly smaller than the size of the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, so that the cooling medium flows through the heat dissipation flow channel 201. The path is extended to increase the heat exchange time with the square power battery cells 4 , so as to efficiently bring out the heat of the square power battery cells 4 .

The path of the "U"-shaped heat dissipation runners 201 from the inside to the outside continues to increase, and the spacing between the heat dissipation runners 201 in a limited plane can be adjusted arbitrarily, so that the heat dissipation capacity increases geometrically, and the cooling of the anisotropic flow The flow paths of the working fluid can be reasonably distributed. For example, the flow direction of the cooling working medium in the outermost "U"-shaped heat dissipation channel 201 is from left to right, and the cooling medium of the outermost "U"-shaped heat dissipation channel 201 The flow direction of the working fluid is from right to left, and so on, and the flow direction of the cooling working fluid in the innermost "U"-shaped heat dissipation channel 201 is from right to left, which improves the uniformity of temperature distribution.

As a specific explanation of this embodiment, referring to FIG. 4 , FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the intermediate cooling plate 2 and the water collecting plate 1 of the present invention. The openings at both ends of the at least one "U"-shaped cooling channel 201 are respectively connected to the first channel 103 and the second channel 104, which means that the two cooling channels 201 can share the first channel 103 and the second channel 104, that is, The size of the first flow channel 103 and the size of the second flow channel 104 are slightly larger, so that the cooling medium flowing from the first flow channel 103 flows to the second flow channel 104 through the two heat dissipation flow channels 201 at the same time, thereby cooling the working medium In the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2, a plurality of counter-flow modes with two left and two right flow directions are formed. Therefore, the present invention only needs to design the structure of the water collecting plate 1, and then the mode of the opposite flow of the cooling medium can be selected according to the actual requirements.

Of course, in the present invention, two side-by-side first flow channels 103 and two side-by-side second flow channels 104 can also be arranged adjacent to each other, and the openings at both ends of each heat dissipation flow channel 201 are respectively connected to a first flow channel 103 and a second flow channel 104 . A second flow channel 104 to form a two-left and two-right counter-flow mode is also within the protection scope of the present invention. In comparison, at least one heat dissipation channel 201 shares the form of the first channel 103 , which can reduce the weight of the water collecting plate 1 .

The most preferred implementation of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are arranged in a bow-shaped plane, and the number of the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 are equal in number and the same shape, A plurality of intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 are arranged at intervals in the inner area between the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 , and the two outermost intermediate heat dissipation cold plates 2 are respectively close to the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 , the openings at both ends of each "U"-shaped heat dissipation channel 201 of each intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 are respectively connected in the symmetrical first channel 103 and the second channel 104, so that the input from the total water supply channel 101 The cooling medium flows into the plurality of first flow channels 103 and the plurality of intermediate cooling cold plates 2 respectively, and flows from the plurality of second flow channels 104 to the total drainage flow channel 102 .

It can be seen from the above that the present invention can simultaneously cool the bottom surface and the two high-heat surfaces of each square power battery cell 4. In order to further realize the all-round heat exchange of the power battery cell 4 in the square space, the embodiment of the present invention This can also be achieved by:

Referring to FIG. 7 , FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the structure of the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 of the present invention.

The catchment plate 1 also includes:

The third flow channel, the third flow channel is arranged on one side adjacent to the first side, or is respectively arranged on the two sides adjacent to the first side; the two ends of the third flow channel are respectively connected with the total supply The water channel 101 is communicated with the general drainage channel 102;

The heat sink also includes:

The side heat dissipation cold plate 3 is arranged above the water collecting plate 1 corresponding to the third flow channel. The side heat dissipation cold plate 3 has a plurality of side heat dissipation channels 301. The third flow channel is communicated.

Specifically, the square power battery cell 4 has 6 contact surfaces that are in contact with the air. In the present invention, the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 is arranged together with the water collecting plate 1 and the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 to form a space surrounded by at least four sides. A third flow channel is set to input cooling medium into the side heat dissipation cold plate 3, and the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 is used to cool the vertical surface where the short side of the horizontal plane of the square power battery cell 4 is located, and the vertical surface where the short side is located. Two low-heat surfaces of the power battery cell 4 are formed, so that at least four surfaces of the power battery cell 4 can be cooled simultaneously. When two side heat dissipation cold plates 3 are provided, the two low-heat surfaces of the square power battery cells 4 can be cooled, so that the five surfaces of the power battery cells 4 can be cooled at the same time, so as to realize that no redundant parts are added. On the basis of , the power battery cells 4 are cooled in all directions.

More specifically, the third flow channels are arranged on the edges of the left and right sides of the water collecting plate 1 , and together with the general water supply flow channel 101 and the general drainage flow channel 102 form a surrounding communication and are consistent with the outer edge contour of the water collecting plate 1 . Outline shape. The side heat dissipation cold plates 3 are arranged on the edges of the left and right sides of the water collecting plate 1, and the length of the side heat dissipation cold plates 3 is the same as the length of the third flow channel, so as to displace the plurality of power battery cells located in the inner area. 4. The low-heat side of 4 is surrounded by cooling. In this embodiment, a plurality of side heat dissipation channels 301 are provided in the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 , and the structure of the side heat dissipation channels 301 is preferably matched with the structure of the heat dissipation channels 201 , and can be processed and formed uniformly. The side cooling flow channel 301 communicates with the third flow channel, and the cooling medium forms a fourth flow direction and a fifth flow direction on the system. The fourth flow direction is that the cooling medium flows from the main water supply flow channel 101 to the third flow channel outlet. The fifth flow direction is that the cooling medium flows from the inlet end 106 of the third flow channel to the outlet end 107 of the third flow channel through the side heat dissipation flow channel 301 .

The inlet end 106 of the third flow channel is located at the front end of the water collecting plate 1 , and the outlet end 107 of the third flow channel is located at the rear end portion of the water collecting plate 1 . After flowing through the plurality of first flow channels 103 in sequence, it flows to the third flow channel located in the edge region. In this embodiment, a plurality of side heat dissipation channels 301 are arranged on the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 at intervals from the inside to the outside. The cooling flow channel 301 flows to the outlet end 107 of the third flow channel, and a small amount of cooling medium flows directly from the inlet end 106 of the third flow channel to the outlet end 107 of the third flow channel, so that the cooling medium forms a large amount of cooling medium in the side cooling cold plate 3. A downstream mode in which the strands flow in the same direction. Since the heat of the radiated unit is mainly concentrated on the high heat surface, by establishing a counter-flow mode in the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 corresponding to the high heat surface, the heat exchange efficiency and heat exchange uniformity can be greatly improved, and by the low heat surface. A downstream mode is established in the corresponding side cooling cold plate 3 to achieve the purpose of targeted cooling of the radiated monomer, which indirectly improves the temperature uniformity of the cooling system. , high efficiency and other advantages, has a good scale promotion and application prospects.

In another embodiment, the inner area of the water collecting plate 1 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 109 , each positioning groove 109 extends along the direction of the first side, and each intermediate cooling plate 2 is clamped in each positioning groove 109 Inside; the edge area of the water collecting plate 1 is provided with at least one side positioning groove 110 , and each side positioning groove 110 is used for clamping each side heat dissipation cold plate 3 .

By setting the positioning grooves 109 and the side positioning grooves 110 in the inner area and the edge area of the water collecting plate 1, respectively, the middle cooling plate 2 is inserted into the positioning groove 109, so that the water collecting plate 1 and the middle cooling plate 2 can be accurately positioned, Insert the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 into the side positioning groove 110 to accurately position the water collecting plate 1 and the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 . For example, when the intermediate cooling plate 2 extends along the width direction of the water collecting plate 1 to be close to the width of the water collecting plate 1, the length of the positioning groove 109 is also close to the width of the water collecting plate 1, so that the positioning groove 109 and The middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 is matched. Similarly, the processing principle of the side positioning groove 110 is similar to that of the positioning groove 109 , which will not be repeated here.

Referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the structure of the water collecting plate 1 of the present invention; in another preferred embodiment, the two ends of the positioning groove 109 of the present invention and the left and right ends of the water collecting plate 1 are reserved There is a distance. In the present invention, installation grooves 202 are provided at both ends of each intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2, and the installation grooves 202 are embedded in the top surface of the water collecting plate 1 and the side positioning grooves 110 of the side heat dissipation cold plate 3. On the bottom surface, the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 and the water collecting plate 1 are formed into one body. The installation groove 202 is recessed toward the top of the middle heat dissipation plate, so that the bottom surface of the middle heat dissipation plate has an inverted trapezoidal structure. On the top surface of the plate 1 where the positioning groove 109 disappears, the top surface where the positioning groove 109 disappears is the distance reserved between the two ends of the positioning groove 109 and the left and right ends of the water collecting plate 1, so as to realize the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2 The length of the radiator extends to the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 at the edge area of the water collecting plate 1, so that the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 and the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 are closely connected to form a stable assembly space.

In this way, the length of the positioning groove 109 can be reduced by setting the installation groove 202 on the intermediate heat dissipation cold plate 2, so as to prevent the positioning groove 109 from penetrating the upper surface of the water collecting plate 1 and splitting the upper surface of the water collecting plate 1 into a plurality of small parts. As a result, the upper surface cannot be integrally processed.

Correspondingly, a plurality of cold plate positioning grooves 302 are opened on the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 , the cold plate positioning grooves 302 are perpendicular to the positioning grooves 109 and are located on the same plane, and the bottom end of the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 is inserted into the water collecting plate 1 . The left and right sides are inserted into the cold plate positioning grooves 302 of the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 respectively, so that the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2, the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 and the water collecting plate 1 are connected to form a seamless form a square space to isolate and protect a plurality of power battery cells 4 from each other. In this way, the cooling system of the present invention is composed of two side heat dissipation cold plates 3, a water collecting plate 1 and a plurality of middle heat dissipation cold plates 2 welded together, forming an integrated cooling structure and higher system safety.

The system of the present invention is multifunctional and the process is easy to implement. The assembly process of the entire cooling system is described below: first, insert the left and right side heat dissipation cold plates 3 into the side positioning grooves 110 of the water collecting plate 1; then insert the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2. The cold plate is inserted from top to bottom along the cold plate positioning groove 302 of the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 until it is completely inserted into the positioning groove 109 on the water collecting plate 1. At this time, the installation groove 202 of the middle heat dissipation cold plate 2 The upper surface just fits with the upper surface of the water collecting plate 1 and the lower surface of the cold plate positioning groove 302 of the side cooling cold plate 3; 2 and the gap between the side heat dissipation cold plates 3 are welded to complete the entire assembly process of the cooling system, and then the square power battery cells 4 can be loaded into the cooling system. By setting the positioning grooves 109 and the side positioning grooves 110 on the water collecting plate 1, and setting the cold plate positioning grooves 302 on the side heat dissipation cold plate 3, each component can be accurately positioned during welding.

Between the staggered first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104, the first flow channels 103 and the second flow channels 104 are parallel and extend straight along the length direction of the water collecting plate 1, and two adjacent first flow channels There is no distance between the channel 103 and the second channel 104 , and the openings at both ends of the heat dissipation channel 201 respectively communicate with the first channel 103 and the second channel 104 with different opening directions. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation runners 201 are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the innermost heat dissipation runner 201 has a distance between the two sides of the opening corresponding to both ends, and there may be a bottom projection of the innermost heat dissipation runner 201 In the case where the central area of the covered water collecting plate 1 is solid, a first flow channel 103 can be opened in the central area of the water collecting plate 1 to form a continuous bow-shaped channel with the second flow channels 104 on both sides; or, In the central area of the water collecting plate 1, a water flow channel is opened through the total water supply channel 101 and the total drainage channel 102, so that the flow of the cooling medium can take away the heat near the water channel and enhance the overall heat exchange capacity of the system. Figure 3 and Figure 5, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the water collecting plate 1, the application proposes another new technical solution:

The catchment plate 1 also includes:

The fourth flow channel 105 penetrating the main water supply flow channel 101 and the main drainage flow channel 102 is arranged in the central area of the water collecting plate 1, and the cooling medium flows directly from the main water supply flow channel 101 to the fourth flow channel 105, and flows from the main water supply channel 101 to the fourth flow channel 105. The drainage channel 102 flows out.

By adding a fourth flow channel 105 in the central area of the water collecting plate 1, both ends of the fourth flow channel 105 are open, so that the cooling medium directly flows to the fourth flow channel 105, and flows from the fourth flow channel 105 to the total drainage flow Road 102. By adding the fourth flow channel 105, the volume in the water collecting plate 1 is fully utilized, so that the cooling medium flows from the central area, and the flow of the cooling medium in the fourth flow channel 105 can take away the heat near the fourth flow channel 105 , to enhance the overall heat transfer capacity of the system. At the same time, the material density of the water collecting plate 1 is greater than that of the cooling medium. By adding the fourth flow channel 105, the amount of the water collecting plate 1 can be reduced and the overall weight of the cooling system can be reduced.

Specifically, the fourth flow channel 105 can not only be added independently, but also can be formed by the walls of the first flow channel 103 and the second flow channel 104 which are symmetrical with respect to the central area of the water collecting plate 1 .

Correspondingly, by adjusting the relative size of the flow channels of the first flow channel 103, the second flow channel 104, the third flow channel and the fourth flow channel 105, it is possible to adjust the size of the flow channels entering the middle cooling plate 2, the side cooling plates 3 and the first cooling plate 3. The flow size of the four flow channels 105 achieves the best flow distribution. Preferably, the first flow channel 103 , the second flow channel 104 , the third flow channel, the heat dissipation flow channel 201 and the side heat dissipation flow channel 301 are all rectangular channels.

It can be understood that the total water supply channel 101 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet, the total drainage channel 102 is provided with a cooling liquid outlet, and the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are connected to an external circulating water delivery device, and the present invention only needs a cooling liquid inlet. The cooling cycle of the whole system can be realized by two external interfaces and the coolant outlet.

In the present invention, the cooling liquid inlet of the main water supply channel 101 is located in the middle of the main water supply channel 101, and just for the fourth channel 105 in the central area of the water collecting plate 1, the cooling medium flows from the cooling liquid inlet to the main water supply channel 101. , firstly flows from the main feed water flow channel 101 to the fourth flow channel 105, and then flows from both sides simultaneously to the first flow channel 103 in the inner area, and then flows to the third flow channel in the edge area.

In this flow mode, in another preferred embodiment extended from this embodiment, the inner diameter of the end of the fourth flow channel 105 close to the total water supply flow channel 101 is smaller than the inner diameter of the end close to the total drainage flow channel 102 . Correspondingly, in the present invention, the inner diameter of the inlet of the fourth flow channel 105 is designed to be small, so as to prevent most of the cooling medium from flowing into the fourth flow channel 105 when flowing in from the cooling liquid inlet, resulting in a change in the flow rate to the first flow channel 103 . small, affecting the heat exchange efficiency. The inner diameter of the fourth flow channel 105 gradually increases from one end close to the general feed water flow channel 101 to the other end, forming an inlet with a gradually increasing diameter to prevent the sudden change of the flow channel at the entrance, which is easy to cause local flow stagnation and affect heat exchange. Effect.

In this flow mode, in another preferred embodiment extended from this embodiment, the total water supply channel 101 has a structure with high middle and low ends along the height direction of the water collecting plate 1 , so as to buffer the flow to the total water supply. The instantaneous flow rate of the cooling medium input in the channel 101. Since the cooling medium first flows from the central area of the total water supply channel 101 to the fourth channel 105, then flows from both sides to the first channel 103 in the inner area in sequence, and then flows to the third channel in the edge area, cooling The total flow of the working fluid decreases step by step. Based on this, the present invention adaptively sets the total water supply channel 101 as a stepped structure in which both sides of the middle high are gradually reduced, so that the cooling working fluid is in the total water supply channel 101. Smooth flow, reduce flow resistance, and make the system run steadily in continuous working conditions.

In yet another new technical solution, the inner diameter of the middle region 108 of the third flow channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the regions at both ends of the third flow channel. In order to prevent most of the cooling medium from flowing out of the third flow channel along the fourth flow direction, in the present application, by setting the inner diameter of the middle region 108 of the third flow channel to be smaller than the inner diameter of the regions at both ends, the cooling medium is urged to flow out of the third flow channel along the fifth flow direction. There are three flow channels, so that the cooling medium can exchange heat with the low heat surface of the power battery unit 4 in the side heat dissipation cold plate 3 . Specifically, the middle region 108 of the third flow channel includes a transverse section and a transition section connected to both ends of the transverse section. The cross-sectional shape of the two transition sections is a trumpet shape, and the inner diameter of the smallest opening of the trumpet shape is the same as the inner diameter of the transverse section. It is integrally formed with the transverse section, and the inner diameter of the largest opening is the same as the inner diameter of the two end regions of the third flow channel, and together with the two end regions of the third flow channel form a special-shaped structure of the third flow channel. In this way, when the cooling medium flows in the fourth flow direction, the flow channel is prevented from changing abruptly when entering the middle region 108 of the third flow channel, causing local flow stagnation and affecting the heat exchange effect.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle comprising the above-mentioned staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system.

The thermal management technology applicable to the battery pack of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention has been introduced in detail on the cooling system side, so it is not repeated here.

It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts among the various embodiments, refer to each other Can.

It should also be noted that, in this document, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or position shown in the drawings. The positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such relationship between those entities or operations. an actual relationship or sequence, nor should it be construed to indicate or imply relative importance. Furthermore, the term "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or terminal device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed , or also include elements inherent to such a process, method, article or terminal device.

A staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system and an electric vehicle provided by the present application have been introduced in detail above. The principles and implementations of the present application are described with specific examples. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of To help understand the application, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation on the application. At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present application, there will be different forms of changes in the specific embodiments and application scope. It is unnecessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. The obvious changes or changes are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system is characterized by comprising a water collecting plate and a heat dissipation plate arranged on the water collecting plate;

the water collection sheet includes:

a main water supply flow channel is arranged on a first side of the water collecting plate, and a main water drainage flow channel is arranged on a second side opposite to the first side;

a plurality of first flow passages, each of the plurality of first flow passages communicating with the main feed water flow passage;

a plurality of second flow passages, each of the plurality of second flow passages being in communication with the main drain flow passage;

the first flow passages and the second flow passages are mutually independent, and the first flow passages and the second flow passages are arranged between the first side and the second side in a staggered mode;

the heat dissipation plate includes:

the intermediate heat dissipation cold plates are arranged on the water collection plate at intervals, a plurality of heat dissipation flow channels are arranged in each intermediate heat dissipation cold plate, and two ends of each heat dissipation flow channel are respectively communicated with the first flow channel and the second flow channel; the space formed by every two adjacent intermediate heat dissipation cold plates is used for accommodating a heat-dissipated single body;

the main water supply flow channel is used for inputting a cooling working medium into the first flow channel, and the cooling working medium flows to the second flow channel through the heat dissipation flow channel and flows out of the main drainage flow channel so as to cool the heat-dissipated monomer.

2. A staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system according to claim 1,

the heat dissipation channels are U-shaped and are arranged in the middle heat dissipation cold plate at intervals from inside to outside, one end of at least one U-shaped heat dissipation channel is communicated with the first channel, the other end of the at least one U-shaped heat dissipation channel is communicated with the second channel which is symmetrical to the first channel relative to the center line of the water collection plate, and the center line is perpendicular to the first side.

3. A staggered, counter-flow, integrated cooling system as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein said water collection sheet further comprises:

a third flow channel, which is arranged on one side adjacent to the first side, or on two sides adjacent to the first side respectively; two ends of the third flow passage are respectively communicated with the main water supply flow passage and the main water drainage flow passage;

the heat dissipation plate further includes:

and the side heat dissipation cold plate is arranged above the water collection plate corresponding to the third flow channel, and is provided with a plurality of side heat dissipation channels, and each of the two ends of each side heat dissipation channel is communicated with the third flow channel.

4. A staggered counterflow integrated cooling system as in claim 3 wherein the interior region of the header plate is provided with a plurality of detents, each detent extending in the direction of the first side, each intermediate heat sink cold plate snap-fitting into each detent; the edge area of the water collecting plate is provided with at least one side positioning groove, and each side positioning groove is used for being clamped with each side heat dissipation cold plate.

5. A staggered, counter-flow, integrated cooling system as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein said water collection sheet further comprises:

and the fourth flow channel which penetrates through the total water supply flow channel and the total drainage flow channel is arranged in the central area of the water collecting plate, and the cooling working medium directly flows into the fourth flow channel from the total water supply flow channel and flows out from the total drainage flow channel.

6. An interleaved counterflow integrated cooling system as in claim 5 wherein the fourth flow passage has a smaller inside diameter proximate the end of the main feed flow passage than proximate the end of the main drain flow passage.

7. A staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system according to claim 3, wherein the internal diameter of the middle region of the third flow channel is smaller than the internal diameter of the end regions of the third flow channel.

8. The staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the total water supply channel is of a structure with a high middle part and two low ends along the height direction of the water collecting plate, and is used for buffering the instantaneous flow of the cooling working medium input into the total water supply channel.

9. The staggered counter-flow integrated cooling system according to claim 4, wherein mounting grooves are formed at both ends of each middle heat-dissipating cold plate, and the mounting grooves are embedded in the top surface of the water collection plate and the bottom surfaces of the side positioning grooves of the side heat-dissipating cold plates, so that the middle heat-dissipating cold plate, the side heat-dissipating cold plates and the water collection plate are integrally formed.

10. An electric vehicle comprising a staggered counterflow integrated cooling system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9.

Images