GB2544758A - Fuel emission reduction by enhance combustion using ionisation - Google Patents
Fuel emission reduction by enhance combustion using ionisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2544758A GB2544758A GB1520788.9A GB201520788A GB2544758A GB 2544758 A GB2544758 A GB 2544758A GB 201520788 A GB201520788 A GB 201520788A GB 2544758 A GB2544758 A GB 2544758A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- ionisation
- gases
- fuel
- chamber
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1452—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a COx content or concentration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1452—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a COx content or concentration
- F02D41/1453—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a COx content or concentration the characteristics being a CO content or concentration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
- F02D41/1461—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
- G01N27/68—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas
- G01N27/70—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas and measuring current or voltage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
Fuel 1 and air 2 are combusted in a chamber 5, samples of the exhaust gas pass through a filter 10 to an ionising chamber 14. The different gases are subjected to varying voltages by an ionising device 13 and the resultant current 15 is measured. The ionising voltages and currents are used by a microprocessor or ECU 9 to control the air / fuel ratio or mixture strength supplied to the engine to minimise the production of harmful gases. In addition, chemical substances which may be oxygen or hydrogen may be added from a reservoir 16 to the ionisation chamber in response to signals from the ECU. The additives may react with the carbon atoms in the ionisation chamber to reduce or convert the harmful gases into harmless compounds. The contents of the ionisation chamber exits through 12 to the main exhaust outlet 8.
Description
Fuel emission reduction bv enhanced combustion using ionisation
This invention relates to a servomechanism, in a combustion engine, to enhance combustion by regulating air and fuel mixture and convert pollutant gases into harmless compounds.
Fuel emissions are considered to be responsible for air pollution and global warming. The pollutant emissions are produced as result of burning fossil fuels, such as petrol and diesel in internal combustion engines to provide motive power. The exhaust fumes contain harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide. The production of such pollutant gases depends to a great extent to the efficient mixture of fuel and air. However it is ideal to neutralise these harmful gases altogether. There are catalytic converters, which convert pollutant gases into less harmful gases in the exhaust system. But they are relatively expensive and are not universally used.
The current invention proposes an automatic system to regulate the air and fuel mixture for optimum fuel efficiency by ionising a sample of exhaust gases. The values of ionising voltages and currents could be used by a microprocessor to evaluate the presence and quantities of pollutant gases and adjust the inlets of air and fuel, in order, to reduce the emission of harmful gases.
According to the present invention there is provided a method, to be used in a combustion engine, to reduce fuel emissions by detecting the presence and the quantity of pollutant gases by ionisation of emitted gases and using the ionisation data to regulate the air and fuel mixture to reduce the production of harmful gases, which could further be converted chemically into less harmful ones by introduction of external substances in the ionisation process. A specific embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:
Figure 1 shows the overall system in a block diagram.
In the proposed system, the various processes are carried out under the control of the microprocessor 9. The thick black lines, in the Fig 1, depict the connections between the microprocessor 9 and the various parts it controls.
Referring to Fig 1, fuel from the reservoir 1 and air from reservoir 2 are added and mixed in the combustion chamber 5, via fuel inlet 3 and air inlet 4. After the combustion, the exhaust fumes are allowed into the exhaust chamber 7, via the exhaust inlet 6.
The exhaust gases are then sampled, from the exhaust chamber 7, via the gas filter 10 and the gases inlet 11, into the ionisation chamber 14, where various voltages, by the variable voltage source 13, are then be applied to the gases to ionise them. Various gases may be ionised under different applied voltages. The resulting ionisation currents are measured by the current measuring device 15. The ionising voltages and currents values are used by the microprocessor 9 to regulate the fuel and air mixture, in order, to reduce the production of pollutant gases. The contents of ionisation chamber 14 are evacuated into the exhaust outlet 8 through the gases outlet 12.
In addition to fuel and air regulation, the contents of exhaust chamber 7 can be allowed into the ionisation chamber 14, where external substances are also introduced from reservoir 16. Ionisation voltages are then applied in order to cause a chemical reaction between such substances and the harmful gases to convert them into harmless gases and compounds. For example, hydrogen and oxygen produced as the result of electrolysis of distilled water, can be allowed into the ionisation chamber 14 during the ionisation process to react with the carbon atoms of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide to form hydrogen and oxygen bonds and hence converting the pollutant gases into other harmless compounds.
Claims (2)
1. According to the present invention there is provided a method, to be used in a combustion engine, to reduce fuel emissions by detecting the presence and the quantity of pollutant gases by ionisation of emitted gases and using the ionisation data to regulate the air and fuel mixture to reduce the production of harmful gases, which could further be converted chemically into less harmful ones by introduction of external substances in the ionisation process.
2. A fuel emission reduction method substantially as described herein with reference to figure 1 of the accompanying drawing.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1520788.9A GB2544758B (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2015-11-25 | Fuel emission reduction by enhanced combustion using ionisation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1520788.9A GB2544758B (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2015-11-25 | Fuel emission reduction by enhanced combustion using ionisation |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB201520788D0 GB201520788D0 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
GB2544758A true GB2544758A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
GB2544758B GB2544758B (en) | 2021-12-22 |
Family
ID=55133347
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1520788.9A Active GB2544758B (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2015-11-25 | Fuel emission reduction by enhanced combustion using ionisation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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GB (1) | GB2544758B (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100242448A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-09-30 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Exhaust gas treatment system including a four-way catalyst and urea scr catalyst and method of using the same |
US20140060012A1 (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-06 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Deterioration diagnosis device for oxidation catalyst |
US20150238904A1 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2015-08-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification apparatus for internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10239276A (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-09-11 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Carbon monoxide gas sensor and measuring device using it |
JP2000065789A (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-03-03 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Carbon monoxide sensor, its production and its use |
JP2005330952A (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2005-12-02 | Zama Japan Co Ltd | Air-fuel ratio control device for engine |
-
2015
- 2015-11-25 GB GB1520788.9A patent/GB2544758B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100242448A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-09-30 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Exhaust gas treatment system including a four-way catalyst and urea scr catalyst and method of using the same |
US20150238904A1 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2015-08-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification apparatus for internal combustion engine |
US20140060012A1 (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-06 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Deterioration diagnosis device for oxidation catalyst |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB201520788D0 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
GB2544758B (en) | 2021-12-22 |
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