GB2544758A - Fuel emission reduction by enhance combustion using ionisation - Google Patents

Fuel emission reduction by enhance combustion using ionisation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2544758A
GB2544758A GB1520788.9A GB201520788A GB2544758A GB 2544758 A GB2544758 A GB 2544758A GB 201520788 A GB201520788 A GB 201520788A GB 2544758 A GB2544758 A GB 2544758A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
ionisation
gases
fuel
chamber
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB1520788.9A
Other versions
GB201520788D0 (en
GB2544758B (en
Inventor
Asady Baback
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB1520788.9A priority Critical patent/GB2544758B/en
Publication of GB201520788D0 publication Critical patent/GB201520788D0/en
Publication of GB2544758A publication Critical patent/GB2544758A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2544758B publication Critical patent/GB2544758B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1452—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a COx content or concentration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1452—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a COx content or concentration
    • F02D41/1453—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a COx content or concentration the characteristics being a CO content or concentration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
    • F02D41/1461—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
    • G01N27/68—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas
    • G01N27/70—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas and measuring current or voltage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

Fuel 1 and air 2 are combusted in a chamber 5, samples of the exhaust gas pass through a filter 10 to an ionising chamber 14. The different gases are subjected to varying voltages by an ionising device 13 and the resultant current 15 is measured. The ionising voltages and currents are used by a microprocessor or ECU 9 to control the air / fuel ratio or mixture strength supplied to the engine to minimise the production of harmful gases. In addition, chemical substances which may be oxygen or hydrogen may be added from a reservoir 16 to the ionisation chamber in response to signals from the ECU. The additives may react with the carbon atoms in the ionisation chamber to reduce or convert the harmful gases into harmless compounds. The contents of the ionisation chamber exits through 12 to the main exhaust outlet 8.

Description

Fuel emission reduction bv enhanced combustion using ionisation
This invention relates to a servomechanism, in a combustion engine, to enhance combustion by regulating air and fuel mixture and convert pollutant gases into harmless compounds.
Fuel emissions are considered to be responsible for air pollution and global warming. The pollutant emissions are produced as result of burning fossil fuels, such as petrol and diesel in internal combustion engines to provide motive power. The exhaust fumes contain harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide. The production of such pollutant gases depends to a great extent to the efficient mixture of fuel and air. However it is ideal to neutralise these harmful gases altogether. There are catalytic converters, which convert pollutant gases into less harmful gases in the exhaust system. But they are relatively expensive and are not universally used.
The current invention proposes an automatic system to regulate the air and fuel mixture for optimum fuel efficiency by ionising a sample of exhaust gases. The values of ionising voltages and currents could be used by a microprocessor to evaluate the presence and quantities of pollutant gases and adjust the inlets of air and fuel, in order, to reduce the emission of harmful gases.
According to the present invention there is provided a method, to be used in a combustion engine, to reduce fuel emissions by detecting the presence and the quantity of pollutant gases by ionisation of emitted gases and using the ionisation data to regulate the air and fuel mixture to reduce the production of harmful gases, which could further be converted chemically into less harmful ones by introduction of external substances in the ionisation process. A specific embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:
Figure 1 shows the overall system in a block diagram.
In the proposed system, the various processes are carried out under the control of the microprocessor 9. The thick black lines, in the Fig 1, depict the connections between the microprocessor 9 and the various parts it controls.
Referring to Fig 1, fuel from the reservoir 1 and air from reservoir 2 are added and mixed in the combustion chamber 5, via fuel inlet 3 and air inlet 4. After the combustion, the exhaust fumes are allowed into the exhaust chamber 7, via the exhaust inlet 6.
The exhaust gases are then sampled, from the exhaust chamber 7, via the gas filter 10 and the gases inlet 11, into the ionisation chamber 14, where various voltages, by the variable voltage source 13, are then be applied to the gases to ionise them. Various gases may be ionised under different applied voltages. The resulting ionisation currents are measured by the current measuring device 15. The ionising voltages and currents values are used by the microprocessor 9 to regulate the fuel and air mixture, in order, to reduce the production of pollutant gases. The contents of ionisation chamber 14 are evacuated into the exhaust outlet 8 through the gases outlet 12.
In addition to fuel and air regulation, the contents of exhaust chamber 7 can be allowed into the ionisation chamber 14, where external substances are also introduced from reservoir 16. Ionisation voltages are then applied in order to cause a chemical reaction between such substances and the harmful gases to convert them into harmless gases and compounds. For example, hydrogen and oxygen produced as the result of electrolysis of distilled water, can be allowed into the ionisation chamber 14 during the ionisation process to react with the carbon atoms of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide to form hydrogen and oxygen bonds and hence converting the pollutant gases into other harmless compounds.

Claims (2)

1. According to the present invention there is provided a method, to be used in a combustion engine, to reduce fuel emissions by detecting the presence and the quantity of pollutant gases by ionisation of emitted gases and using the ionisation data to regulate the air and fuel mixture to reduce the production of harmful gases, which could further be converted chemically into less harmful ones by introduction of external substances in the ionisation process.
2. A fuel emission reduction method substantially as described herein with reference to figure 1 of the accompanying drawing.
GB1520788.9A 2015-11-25 2015-11-25 Fuel emission reduction by enhanced combustion using ionisation Active GB2544758B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1520788.9A GB2544758B (en) 2015-11-25 2015-11-25 Fuel emission reduction by enhanced combustion using ionisation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1520788.9A GB2544758B (en) 2015-11-25 2015-11-25 Fuel emission reduction by enhanced combustion using ionisation

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201520788D0 GB201520788D0 (en) 2016-01-06
GB2544758A true GB2544758A (en) 2017-05-31
GB2544758B GB2544758B (en) 2021-12-22

Family

ID=55133347

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB1520788.9A Active GB2544758B (en) 2015-11-25 2015-11-25 Fuel emission reduction by enhanced combustion using ionisation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2544758B (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100242448A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Exhaust gas treatment system including a four-way catalyst and urea scr catalyst and method of using the same
US20140060012A1 (en) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Deterioration diagnosis device for oxidation catalyst
US20150238904A1 (en) * 2012-06-20 2015-08-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas purification apparatus for internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10239276A (en) * 1996-12-27 1998-09-11 Ngk Insulators Ltd Carbon monoxide gas sensor and measuring device using it
JP2000065789A (en) * 1998-08-25 2000-03-03 Ngk Insulators Ltd Carbon monoxide sensor, its production and its use
JP2005330952A (en) * 2004-04-22 2005-12-02 Zama Japan Co Ltd Air-fuel ratio control device for engine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100242448A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Exhaust gas treatment system including a four-way catalyst and urea scr catalyst and method of using the same
US20150238904A1 (en) * 2012-06-20 2015-08-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas purification apparatus for internal combustion engine
US20140060012A1 (en) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Deterioration diagnosis device for oxidation catalyst

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201520788D0 (en) 2016-01-06
GB2544758B (en) 2021-12-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6968678B2 (en) High efficiency, reduced emissions internal combustion engine system, especially suitable for gaseous fuels
KR101434373B1 (en) Method of operating a catalytic system
ATE377698T1 (en) REDUCING NITROGEN OXIDES USING HYDROGEN PRODUCED FROM MOTOR FUEL AND EXHAUST
Prikhodko et al. Ammonia generation over TWC for passive SCR NOx control for lean gasoline engines
US9856770B2 (en) Method of increasing volumetric throughput of an internal combustion engines used in vapor destruction applications
CN112983655A (en) Natural gas and hydrogen double-injection device and control method thereof
CN107489552A (en) Fuel injection control method, device, system and vehicle
US8818688B2 (en) Method for operating an internal combustion engine operated with a gas as fuel
US4242076A (en) Process of combustion
Nasirov et al. New Approaches To Cleaning Exhaust Gases Of Internal Combustion Engines
GB2544758A (en) Fuel emission reduction by enhance combustion using ionisation
RU2670633C2 (en) Method for operating a diesel engine
KR20170056793A (en) Smoke reduction system for the motycycle
CZ307252B6 (en) A method of reducing nitrogen oxide emissions from petrol engines by combusting a homogeneous mixture and/or increasing the performance of such engines while maintaining the nitrogen oxide emissions from these engines and/or increasing the overall efficiency of such engines, and a device for implementing this method
CN214464592U (en) Natural gas and hydrogen double-injection device
US10365258B2 (en) Methods for determining oxidation performance of oxidation catalyst devices
Panchishny et al. The problem of toxicity of gas engines and their solutions
CZ2012791A3 (en) Device for reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides from internal combustion engines and/or increasing power of internal combustion engines while maintaining emissions of nitrogen oxides from internal combustion engines and/or increasing total efficiency of engine while maintaining emissions of nitrogen oxides from internal combustion engines Device for reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides from internal combustion engines and/or increasing power of internal combustion engines while maintaining emissions of nitrogen oxides from internal combustion engines and/or increasing total efficiency of angine while maintaining emissions of nitrogen oxides from internal combustion engines
RU93890U1 (en) DEVICE FOR PREPARING FUEL MIXTURE
US9808763B2 (en) Catalyst system for lean NOx reduction with hydrocarbons
JP2798219B2 (en) Denitration equipment for internal combustion engines
EP3441595B1 (en) Method to adjust a control parameter of a fuel combustion engine
Susilo et al. The effect of magnet strength and engine speed on fuel consumption and exhaust gas emission for gasoline vehicle
Rao et al. Analysis and reduction of fuel consumption and emissions in internal combustion engines
KR20110101197A (en) Method and apparatus for testing a catalyst material