GB2531328A - Insulated liquid storage vessels - Google Patents

Insulated liquid storage vessels Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2531328A
GB2531328A GB1418401.4A GB201418401A GB2531328A GB 2531328 A GB2531328 A GB 2531328A GB 201418401 A GB201418401 A GB 201418401A GB 2531328 A GB2531328 A GB 2531328A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
vessel
tank
film
coating
tape
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1418401.4A
Other versions
GB201418401D0 (en
Inventor
Martin Benson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KIRKSTYLES INNOVATION Ltd
Original Assignee
KIRKSTYLES INNOVATION Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KIRKSTYLES INNOVATION Ltd filed Critical KIRKSTYLES INNOVATION Ltd
Priority to GB1418401.4A priority Critical patent/GB2531328A/en
Publication of GB201418401D0 publication Critical patent/GB201418401D0/en
Priority to EP15801203.9A priority patent/EP3207316A2/en
Priority to PCT/GB2015/053095 priority patent/WO2016059434A2/en
Publication of GB2531328A publication Critical patent/GB2531328A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/181Construction of the tank
    • F24H1/182Insulation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F24D3/082Hot water storage tanks specially adapted therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/38Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/16Solid spheres
    • C08K7/18Solid spheres inorganic
    • C08K7/20Glass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/70Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/12Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00Electric heating systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/185Water-storage heaters using electric energy supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/128Preventing overheating
    • F24H15/132Preventing the operation of water heaters with low water levels, e.g. dry-firing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/20Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2021Storage heaters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F16L59/028Composition or method of fixing a thermally insulating material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05Size
    • F17C2201/056Small (<1 m3)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0325Aerogel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614Single wall
    • F17C2203/0617Single wall with one layer
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636Metals
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/033Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/04Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/08Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
    • F17C3/085Cryostats
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/08Storage tanks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/037Heaters with zones of different power density

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Abstract

A thermally insulated liquid storage vessel 11 of which the insulation comprises a coating 12 of an insulating material comprising glass microspheres in an aerogel matrix. The coating may be applied directly as a paint which may be water-based to a surface of the vessel. The coating may also be applied to a plastic film 14 comprising of an electrically conductive film constituting a resistance heater to heat the vessel. The conductivity of the film is as the result of inclusions such as grapheme, carbon black or other forms of carbon. The film may be in the form of a sheet or ribbon. The sheet may have opposed edges comprising of terminals for the supply of current (fig.2). A tape having endwise terminals 15 may be wrapped helically around the vessel. The vessel may be a domestic hot water tank controlled by a smart thermostat or may be any liquid container, including flasks for beverages, cryogenic vessels and other laboratory or clinical equipment, and such vessels may also incorporate a heating film or even a thermoelectric or Peltier effect cooling element. A safety cut-out may be provided to prevent overheating if there is a loss of water from the tank.

Description

Insulated Liquid Storage Vessels This invention relates to insulated liquid storage vessels.
Hot water tanks, particularly domestic tanks, comprise insulated metallic, usually copper, cylinders. While they may be supplied with hot water from a gas, oil or coal-fired boiler, they usually also have an independent electric immersion heater, which comprises a metal tube enclosing an electric resistance heating element which is introduced into the tank through an upper opening into which it is sealed.
Some tanks are manufactured insulated by an attached layer of foam, usually some 25mm thick, Insulating jackets can be fitted to uninsulated tanks, again usually some 25mm thick. An uninsulated tank of the same outside dimensions as a conventionally insulated I S tank would have a substantially greater capacity.
Other liquid storage vessels may be of plastic, glass or other materials. Vacuum, or Dewar, flasks are of double walled glass construction with a vacuum between the walls.
They are effective, but fragile, and the inner volume is, on account of the double walled construction, substantially less than the outer volume.
The present invention provides a novel insulated vessel that has substantially maximum capacity for its external dimensions.
The invention comprises an insulated liquid storage vessel of which the insulation comprises a coating of an insulating material comprising glass microspheres and aerogel in a polymeric binder.
The coating may be between 0,8 and 2,0 mm thick, The coating may be applied directly as a paint, which may be water-based, to the copper or other metal, plastic or glass surface of the vessel, The coating may be applied, however, to a plastic film or tape attached to the vessel, The plastic film or tape may be electrically conductive constituting a resistance heater to heat the tank. The electrical conductivity of the film or tape may be as a result of conductive inclusions such as graphene, carbon black and other fomis of carbon. A thermally conductive adhesive may be used to adhere the film or tape to the vessel wall. The vessel may comprise a domestic hot water tank, The film or tape may be in the form of a sheet or ribbon which is wrapped around the vessel. A sheet may be wrapped once substantially around the vessel, opposed edges comprising terminals for connection to a supply of current, A tape having endwise terminals may be wrapped helically around the vessel, However, particularly for a domestic hot water tank, a tape may be wrapped around a specific area of the tank surface. A tape wrapped around the upper part of the tank can be supplied with current when economy mode heating is required, so that only the upper part of the tank gets heated. A tape wrapped around the lower part of the tank will heat the whole tank but, depending on its wattage, will take longer to heat the water in the top of the tank. Tapes wrapped around top and bottom can be used independently or together depending on the water requirement. Of course, three or more tapes could be provide giving more flexible control, The arrangement may be controlled by a smart thermostat such as a NEST, Hive or Passiv controller.
A 25mm tape can wrap some twenty times around a 3 00mm diameter tank to cover a zone 500mm in length. The total length of tape is some 20 metres, and the required resistance for effective heating is S ohms, giving a specific resistance of 0.25 ohms/metre.
Heat will pass from the film or tape by conduction and IR radiation, and will pass through the tank wall by conduction, in the case of a metal, e.g. copper, tank. As the tape emits IS JR radiation, however, it is possible to contemplate glass or plastic, e,g, transparent polycarbonate tanks for which heat transfer from the tape will be substantially by IX radiation into the tank. For most effective heat transfer to water, the film or tape may be wrapped tightly around the tank, and is desirably somewhat stretchable, The film or tape must be capable of withstanding its operating temperature overlong time periods. PET is a suitable nrnterial.
A safety cut-out may be provided to prevent overheating in the event of a malfunction, such as loss of water from the tank.
Embodiments of insulated hot water tanks according to the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a section through a tank showing a tank wall section magnified; Figure 2 is a view of a tank wrapped in a heating sheet; and Figure 3 is a view of a tank with ribbon heating, with a magnified are.
The drawings illustrate insulated hot water tanks 11 of which the insulation comprises a coating 12 of an insulating material comprising glass microspheres in an aerogel matrix, Such a material is commercially available under the trademark Aero Therm, and is normally used for insulation against cold, for example as an insulating external coating for buildings.
The coating 12 is between 0,8 and 2,0 mm thick. This is in contrast to conventional hot water tank insulation, which can be 10mm or more thick.
Figure 1 shows a typical copper tank having a 1,5mm wall thickness, with a coating of about 1mm thick Aero Therm, The coating I 2 may be applied directly as a paint, which may be water-based, to the surface of the tank Ii Figures 2 and 3 show the coating 12 applied, however, to a plastic film or tape 14 attached to the tank 11. The film or tape 14 is electrically conductive constituting a resistance heater to heat the tank. The electrical conductivity is as a result of conductive inclusions such as graphene, carbon black and other forms of carbon, The film or tape 14 is, in Figure 2, in the form of a sheet which is wrapped around the tank 11. Opposed edges 14a, 1 4b of the sheet comprise terminals 15 for connection to a supply of current.
Figure 3 illustrates a tape 14 wrapped helicafly around the tank 11 having endwise tenninals 15, the wraps being seen clearly in the magnified area. Separate tapes 14 are I S wrapped in different zones, a lower zone L adapted for heating the whole tank, an upper zone U adapted for fast, economy, heating ofjust the upper third of the tank, and a middle zone M that can be used in conj unction with tapes in either or both zones L and U. The arrangement may be controlled by a smart thermostat such as a NEST, Hive or Passiv controller.
The tape 14 is a 25mm tape which can wrap some twenty times around a 300mm diameter tank to cover a zone 500mm in length. The total length of tape is some 20 metres, and the required resistance for effective heating is 5 ohms, giving a specific resistance of 0,25 ohms/metre, The film 14 is of a high melting point polymer such as PET, which is somewhat stretchable so as to be capable of being tightly wrapped to make good contact with the tank surface.
The coating 12 is applied directly onto the sheet or tape 14 by painting or spraying.
Heat will be reflected back at the film 14 by the coating 12 and will pass from the tape to the tank wall by conduction and JR radiation, and will pass through the tank wall by conduction, in the case of a metal, e.g. copper, tank, and conduction, to a lesser extent, and JR radiation in the case of a glass or clear plastic tank.
A safety cut-out can be provided to prevent overheating in the event of a malfunction, such as loss of water from the tank.
While the invention has been described and illustrate specifically in terms of hot water tanks such as domestic hot water tanks, it will be appreciated that any liquid container can be insulated by a coating 12, including flasks for hot or cold beverages, cryogenic vessels and other laboratory or clinical equipment, and such vessels may also incorporate a heating film or even a thermoelectric or Peltier effect cooling element,
GB1418401.4A 2014-10-17 2014-10-17 Insulated liquid storage vessels Withdrawn GB2531328A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1418401.4A GB2531328A (en) 2014-10-17 2014-10-17 Insulated liquid storage vessels
EP15801203.9A EP3207316A2 (en) 2014-10-17 2015-10-19 Insulated liquid storage vessels
PCT/GB2015/053095 WO2016059434A2 (en) 2014-10-17 2015-10-19 Insulated liquid storage vessels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1418401.4A GB2531328A (en) 2014-10-17 2014-10-17 Insulated liquid storage vessels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201418401D0 GB201418401D0 (en) 2014-12-03
GB2531328A true GB2531328A (en) 2016-04-20

Family

ID=52013109

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB1418401.4A Withdrawn GB2531328A (en) 2014-10-17 2014-10-17 Insulated liquid storage vessels

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3207316A2 (en)
GB (1) GB2531328A (en)
WO (1) WO2016059434A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108184277A (en) * 2018-02-05 2018-06-19 张家港市科兴炭纤维制品有限公司 A kind of graphene superconduction floor heating film and preparation method thereof

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101468907A (en) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-01 上海暄洋化工材料科技有限公司 SiO2 enriched nano composite heat preserving and thermal insulating paste and preparing process thereof
CN201923525U (en) * 2010-10-26 2011-08-10 益科博能源科技(上海)有限公司 Heat-preserving oil tank
CN102367353A (en) * 2011-10-12 2012-03-07 上海海隆赛能新材料有限公司 Low thermal conductivity composite thermal insulation paint and preparation method thereof
WO2013166603A1 (en) * 2012-05-09 2013-11-14 Shawcor Ltd. Thermal insulating concrete composition
CN103662483A (en) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-26 益科博能源科技(上海)有限公司 Aerogel vacuum heat preservation tank
CN103897474A (en) * 2014-04-08 2014-07-02 中山科邦化工材料技术有限公司 Preparation method of heat insulation coating with foaming and heat insulation materials combined
CN104165473A (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-11-26 大连希奥特阳光能源科技有限公司 Combined assembly type aerogel heat insulation and heat preservation split solar water heater water tank

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006107420A2 (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-10-12 Aspen Aerogels, Inc. Composites based on macro and nanoporous materials
CN102216667A (en) * 2008-09-23 2011-10-12 威罗门飞行公司 Cryogenic liquid tank
US20110283993A1 (en) * 2010-05-20 2011-11-24 Jeffrey Rex Winegar Water heater with insulating layer
DE102012110234A1 (en) * 2012-10-26 2014-04-30 Bernd Barra Isolation tin for holding e.g. warm or cold drinks, has inner wall matched with spacing of outer wall, connecting piece locked by closure element, and interstice unit formed between walls and filled with flexible or insulation material
CN103242731B (en) * 2013-05-02 2015-08-12 苏州绿科环保新材料有限公司 Disconnected hot coating

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101468907A (en) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-01 上海暄洋化工材料科技有限公司 SiO2 enriched nano composite heat preserving and thermal insulating paste and preparing process thereof
CN201923525U (en) * 2010-10-26 2011-08-10 益科博能源科技(上海)有限公司 Heat-preserving oil tank
CN102367353A (en) * 2011-10-12 2012-03-07 上海海隆赛能新材料有限公司 Low thermal conductivity composite thermal insulation paint and preparation method thereof
WO2013166603A1 (en) * 2012-05-09 2013-11-14 Shawcor Ltd. Thermal insulating concrete composition
CN103662483A (en) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-26 益科博能源科技(上海)有限公司 Aerogel vacuum heat preservation tank
CN103897474A (en) * 2014-04-08 2014-07-02 中山科邦化工材料技术有限公司 Preparation method of heat insulation coating with foaming and heat insulation materials combined
CN104165473A (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-11-26 大连希奥特阳光能源科技有限公司 Combined assembly type aerogel heat insulation and heat preservation split solar water heater water tank

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201418401D0 (en) 2014-12-03
EP3207316A2 (en) 2017-08-23
WO2016059434A3 (en) 2016-06-23
WO2016059434A2 (en) 2016-04-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3719796A (en) Heating unit having a ptc heating resistor
JP5661967B1 (en) Fluorine resin film sheet heater
KR101575181B1 (en) jacket heater
CN203615574U (en) Electronic water heater
US7148450B2 (en) Portable blackbody furnace
CN106030265A (en) Temperature-detecting device
WO2013007969A4 (en) Heaters for fluids
GB2531328A (en) Insulated liquid storage vessels
US20170303710A1 (en) Heat retaining dish assembly and method of heating same
JP6492846B2 (en) Hot water storage system
CN107484274A (en) A kind of erosion resisting insulation safe liquid heating tube
KR101496611B1 (en) Electric heat cable having a bimetal thermal switch
JP2009129816A (en) Electric heating wire
JP2007061126A (en) Electric water heater
US2813961A (en) Method of and apparatus for storage heating of materials
EP1680999B1 (en) An apparatus for heating or cooking in bain-marie
JP6429313B2 (en) Heater unit
CN203590503U (en) Heating pipe structure for heater
KR200369464Y1 (en) Portable Heating Device
CN208424812U (en) A kind of subregion controllable safety electric hot plate
CN208070300U (en) A kind of novel aquatic products logistics case
JP2006187494A (en) Heat insulation apparatus
NO852103L (en) COAXIAL PIPE FITTING.
KR20160036897A (en) A heating cabinet
KR20210012078A (en) Refrigerator with cold or hot water supplying apparatus including flat type heater

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)