GB2517485A - Appliances and components therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to a liquid heating appliance (e.g. a kettle)1b comprising a liquid reservoir 5, a heater 12 for heating liquid in the reservoir and a spout 7 for dispensing liquid from the reservoir. The appliance (1b) further comprising a baffle 730a, located behind the spout for inhibiting or preventing turbulent liquid 735 from spitting and/or ejecting through the spout during heating. The baffle comprises a first surface 765 for deflecting the turbulent liquid towards the back of the reservoir of the appliance and a second surface 747 that extends substantially around and/or along the periphery of the baffle whereby the first surface abuts and/or seals against an inner wall at the front of the liquid reservoir. The liquid to be heated may be water. The appliance may have a reduced height given that less space is necessary above the maximum water level. Other aspects relate to other features of the baffle, steam valve assemblies, and a spill inhibiting apparatus.

Description

Appliances and Components Therefor

Field of the Invention

[01] The present invention rdates to domestic and commercial appliances, such as electrical appliances, and in particular liquid heating appliances.

s Background of the Invention

[02] There is a constant pressure in the domestic appliance industry to innovate; see for example the applicant's 3600 cordless connector as disclosed in WO-A-199406i85. In the past, innovation may have been very specific and directed to one appliance type offly.

However, from experience, the applicant understands that this is not always the case so that, for example, the 360° cordless connector which was primarily expected to be used with known appliances is now found across a variety of domestic and commercial appliance types and in combination with a multitude of associated innovations that could not have been foreseen in 1992, at the priority date of WO-A-199406185.

[03] Furthermore, there is a constant commercial pressure in the domestic appliance industry to lower the pnce or reduce the costs of small domestic appliances.

[04] 1-lowever, the applicant understands that the issue is greater than the just the cost of the materials or components and has realised that there is a need to reduce the impact or cost of domestic appliances through intelTelated factors, including commercial, logistical and the environmental aspects. Invariably, reducing the mass or volume of material used in an appliance will have a positive effect on the material price of the appliance. However, there are also other aspects for example shipping and packing whereby innovation can make great strides in reducing costs. To achieve a reduction in material costs it is necessary to challenge the established prior art methods and ideology.

[05] One method to reduce the costs of an appliance is to optimise the material usage of the vessel body by reducing the size of the vessel body

Statement of Invention

[06] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid heating appliance comprising a liquid reservoir, a heater for heating liquid in the reservoir and a spout for dispensing liquid from the reservoir, the appliance further comprising a baffle, located behind the spout, for inhibiting or preventing turbulent liquid) from spitting and/or ejecting through the spout during heating, wherein the baffle comprises: a. a first surface for deflecting the turbulent liquid away from the spout; and

I

b. a second surface 747) that extends substantially around and/or along at least the lower periphery of the first surface, whereby the second surface abuts and/or seals against an inner wall at the front of the liquid reservoir.

[07] The first surface may further comprises at least one aperture, whereby the at least one aperture may provide means for pouring from or filling of the reservoir and means for excess steam to escape out of the reservoir during the heating process [08] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid heating appliance comprising a liquid reservoir, a heater for heating liquid in the reservoir and a spout for dispensing liquid from the reservoir, the appliance further comprising a baffle, located behind the spout, for inhibiting or preventing turbulent liquid from spitting andior ejecting through the spout during heating, wherein the baffle comprises a first surface for deflecting the turbulent liquid towards the back of the reservoir of the appliance and at least one aperture is provided in said first surface, whereby the at least one aperture provides means for pouring from or filling of the reservoir and means for excess steam or steam exhaust to escape out of the reservoir during the heating process.

[09] The baffle may further compnses a second surface that extends substantially around and/or along at least the lower periphery of the first surface, whereby the second surface may abut and/or seal against an inner wall at the front of the liquid reservoir. Alternativdy, the second surface extends substantially around andlor along the first surface.

[10] The at least one aperture may be located at an offset position to the spout.

[II] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a steam valve assembly comprising a valve through which steam andlor vapour can pass during normal use, the valve being arranged to: a. close when the appliance is tipped over on its side with the liquid level above the valve; and h. open when the appliance is tipped over on its side with the liquid level below the valve.

[12] The steam valve assembly may be in fluid communication with a steam switch.

[13] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spill inhibiting apparatus comprising a first component and a second component, wherein: a. the first component comprises at least one channel for allowing venting of an appliance when the appliance is in its upright and normal position and when the appliance is tipped over to one side; and b. the second component comprises a valve arranged to allow liquid to pass therethrough for dispensing and/or filling of the appliance dunng normal use, but prevents liquid to pass therethrough when the appliance is tipped over to one side.

[14] The first component and the second component may be integrated and/or assembled together to form a sub-assembly.

[15] The second component may be pivotally and/or hingedly mounted to the first component, or vice versa.

[16] Each of the embodiments in this patent application may be considered as discrete inventions in their own right for specific appliances or may be considered to be used in combination with at least one other embodiment and/or for different appliances as may

become clear upon reading the description.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[17] There now follows, by way of example only, a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the Figures identified below.

Figure 1 is a schematic cross section of a cordless liquid heating appliance in an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 9a is a schematic cross-section of a prior art liquid heating appliance with a user actuated spill-inhibiting safety feature.

Figure l3ywh is a schematic isometric cutaway section view through plane A-A of an appliance with a steam valve assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure l3ywi is an exploded isometric view of the steam valve assembly of Figure l3ywh.

Figures l3ywj and l3ywk are schematic views though plane B-B of the steam valve assembly of Figure l3ywh in downward and upward facing positions.

Figures 13ywl, l3ywn, l3ywp and l3ywr are schematic front views of the section through the appliance of Figure l3ywh lying on its side in four different orientations.

Figures I3ywm, l3ywo, l3ywq and l3yws are schematic sectional views of the steam valve assembly in their respective positions of Figures l3ywl, l3ywn, l3ywp and l3ywr. showing the positions of the valve.

Figure l3ywt is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the appliance of Figure l3ywh.

Figures l3ywu and l3ywv are schematic plan views of the appfiance of Figure l3ywh illustrating the angular position of the steam valve assembly.

Figure l3yww is a schematic isometric cutaway section view through plane A-A of the appliance illustrating as embodiment of steam valve assembly.

Figure l3ywx is an exploded isometric view of the steam valve assembly of Figure l3yww.

Figure l3ywx is a schematic plan view of a section through the appliance in its upright and noimal position of Figure 1 3yww.

Figures l3yxa and l3yxb are exploded and assembled perspective views of a first embodiment of a spill inhibiting assembly.

Figure l3yxc is an exploded rear view of the spill inhibiting assembly of Figures l3yxa and l3yxb.

Figure l3yxd is a front view of the spill inhibiting assembly of Figures l3yxa and l3yxb.

Figures l3yxe and i3yxf are schematic sectional views of the appliance with the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means of Figures l3yxa to l3yxd lying on its side in two different orientations.

Figure i3yxg is a schematic plan view of an appliance with a variant of the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means appliance of Figures 1 3yxe and I 3yxfi Figure l3yxh is a schematic front view of the appliance of Figure l3yxg in its tipped position with the spout facing downwards and/or upon impact with the spout facing downwards.

Figures l3yxi and l3yxj are schematic sectional views of the appliance with the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means of Figures I3yxg and l3yxj lying on its side in two different orientations.

Figure l3yxk is a cutaway view of the appliance without the spill inhibiting assembly of Figures l3yxato l3yxd in the upright and normal position.

Figure l3yxl is a cutaway view of the appliance with the spill inhibiting assembly of Figures l3yxa to l3yxd in the upright and normal position illustrating the spill inhibiting assembly in a closed position.

Figure l3yxrn is a cutaway view of the appliance with the spill inhibiting assemNy of Figures l3yxa to i3yxd in the upright and normal position illustrating the spill inhibiting assembly in an opened position.

Figures l3yxn, l3yxo and l3yxp are schematic cross section views of the spill inhibiting appliance in the upright and normal position illustrating the appliance in pre-assembled, closed and open' positions respectively.

Figures l3yxs and l3yxt are exploded and assembled perspective views of a second embodiment of the spill inhibiting assembly.

Figure l3yxu is a perspective front view of the spill inhibiting assembly of Figures l3yxs and l3yxt.

Figure l3yxw is front view of the spill inhibiting assembly of Figures l3yxs to l3yxu.

Figures 1 3yxx and I 3yxy are schematic cross section views of the apphance with the spill inhibiting appliance of Figures l3yxs to l3yxw in the closed aiid open' positions respectively.

Figures l3yya and l3yyb are exploded and assembled perspective views of a third embodiment of the spill inhibiting assembly.

Figures 1 3yyc and I 3yyd are schematic cross section views of the appliance with the spill inhibiting appliance of Figures l3yya and l3yyb in the closed and open' positions respectively.

Figures l3yye and l3yyf are schematic sectiona' views of an embodiment of the appliance comprising a spill inhibiting means of Figures l3yxa to l3yye and the steam valve assembly of Figures l3ywh to l3ywy lying on its side in two different orientations with the spout 7 facing upwards.

Figure I3yyg is schematic illustration of the appliance in an upright position comprising the spill inhibiting means of Figures l3yxa to l3yxd and the steam valve assembly of Figures l3ywh to l3yws.

Figure 49ze is a cross-section view of a prior art reduced headroom liquid heating appliance with a turbulence management arrangement.

Figure 49zo is a cross-section view of a first embodiment of a reduced headroom liquid heating appliance with a turbulence management anangement.

Figure 49zp is a front isometric view of the baffle.

Figure 49zq is a schematic cutaway view of the region of the baffle of Figure 49zo.

Figure 49zqa schematically illustrates the baffle of Figure 49zo superimposed in front of a spout 7 of the appliance.

Figure 49zqa illustrates an embodiment of the baffle of Figure 49zqa.

Figure 49zqc schematically illustrates a section through the appliance with the baffle of Figure 49zo.

Figure 49zr is a detailed schematic cross-section in the region of the baffle of the appliance of Figure 49zo, in a pouring position Figure 49zs is a cutaway view of the reduced headroom liquid heating appliance without the baffle of Figure 49zo in a pre-assembled position.

Figure 49zt is a cutaway view of the reduced headroom liquid heating appliance with the baffle of Figure 49zo in an assembled position.

Figures 49zu and 49zv illustrate rear perspective views of the baffle and an appliance filter in preassembled and assembled states.

Figure 49zw is a cutaway view of the reduced headroom liquid heating appliance with the baffle of Figure 49zo and the appliance filter in an assembled position.

Figure 49zx is a schematic cutaway view of an alternative embodiment of the baffle in a pouring position.

Figures 49zy to 49zza schematically illustrate three stages in assembling and securing a steam tube into a steam cap.

Figure 49zzb is a schematic cross-section of an embodiment of the steam path moulding provided within the lid.

Figure 49zzc is a schematic cutaway isometric view of an embodiment of the reduced headroom liquid heating appliance with the baffle in a pre-assembled position.

Figure 49zzd is a schematic cutaway side view of the reduced headroom liquid heating appliance with the baffle of Figure 49zzc in a pre-assembled position.

Figure 49zze is a schematic cutaway isometric view of the reduced headroom liquid heating appliance with the baffle of Figure 49zzc in a first stage of assembly.

Figure 49zzf is a schematic cutaway side view of the reduced headroom liquid heating appliance with the baffle of Figure 49zze in the first stage of assemNy.

Figure 49zzg is a schematic cutaway isometric view of the reduced headroom liquid heating appliance with the baffle of Figure 49zzc in a final stage of assembly.

Figure 49zzf is a schematic cutaway side view of the reduced headroom liquid heating appliance with the baffle of Figure 49zzg in the final stage of assembly

Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[18] The following description discloses innovations that individually, or in combination, with will impact upon very specific appliance designs and may also find use in alternative domestic and commercial appliances.

[19] The embodiments are presented in separate sections of this document and each of these sections will include a brief introduction to the specific problem.

[20] At least some of the embodiments are improvements to the applicant's previously applied for and/or concurrent patent applications, in which case, an appropriate patent number may be provided to reference specific cases. The relevant features of the referenced patent applications are thereby incorporated by reference herein.

[21] In the following description, functionally similar parts carry the same reference numerals between different embodiments. The drawings are intended to be schematic, and dimensions and angles may not be determined accurately from them unless otherwise stated.

[22] At least some of the embodiments may rely on, or refer to, the features of Figure 1 by reference to the figure reference numerals in Figure i.

[23] MTithin of the statement of invention, description and claims, unless otherwise stated, the terms apparatus. system. means, arrangements, mechanisms and device are intended to have equivalent meanings.

[24] Within of the statement of invention, description and claims, unless otherwise stated, the terms liquid and water are intended to have equivalent meaning.

[25] Within the statement of invention, description and daims, unless otherwise stated, the teims safety kettle, appliance, vessel and reservoir may have equivalent meaning.

[26] Within of the statement of invention, description and claims, unless otherwise stated, the terms part and portion are intended to have equivalent meaning.

[27] Within of the statement of invention, description and claims, urfiess otherwise stated, when descnbing electncal connections the terms discrete contact, contact portion and contact area are intended to have equivalent meaning.

[28] Within of the statement of invention, description and claims, unless otherwise stated, the safety kettle, appliance and vessel may function as a reservoir without the need for a separate reservoir, such as a filtering or dispensing reservoir.

[29] Within of the statement of invention, description and claims, unless otherwise stated, the upward and downward directions refer to the orientation of a vessel when placed upright on a horizontal surface. Axial refers to the principal, normally substantially vertical

S

axis of the vessel. Radial refers to a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction, but does not necessarily imply that the vessel is circular cylindrical.

[30] Within of the statement of invention, description and claims, urfiess otherwise stated, any female connector or connecting part that includes the live electrical parts will be hereon refened to in the description as the socket and any male connector or connecting part that plugs into the socket will be hereon referred to as the plug.

[31] Within the statement of invention, description and claims, unless otherwise stated, the terms steam chamber and steam valve assembly may have equivalent meaning. The steam chamber and steam valve assembly may form a part of the vessel, for examp'e, on the lid, reservoir, steam tube or handle etc. Alternatively, steam chamber and steam valve assembly may be secured or removably mounted to a part of the vessel, for example, on the lid, reservoir, steam tube or handle etc. [32] Figure 1 Ulustrates schematica'ly a jug kettle with a mechanical actuator, as an example of a liquid heating appliance to which embodiments of the invention may be applied. In this example, the kettle is a cordless kettle comprising a vessel body I and a power base 2 having respective body and base cordless connectors 3 and 4, such as 360° cordless connectors of the type described in the applicant's own patent publication W094/06285 and/or as sold by Otter Controls Ltd under, for example, the CS4/CS7 Series (power base socket) and the Al, CP7 or CP8 (appliance plug) references. The power base 2 is connectable by a power cord 13 to an electrical power outlet (not shown). Each of the vessel I and/or base 2 and/or cordless connector 3 and/or cordless connector 4 may be provided with emitters andlor detectors 31, annular seals 21 which may be optically transmissive andlor annular optically transmissive rings 41.

[33] The jug kettle may include an electro mechanical control 60, for example the applicant's own Al series integrated 360° controL or an electronic control 15. The electro mechanical control 60 may include an integral steam switch 73 or alternatively a discrete steam switch 73a may be provided, within, for example, the handle 9. The appliance may be provided with a switch actuator 305 or 305a which interacts with the control 60, for example through a known over-centre trip lever mechanism (not shown in Figure 1). to toggle between operating states of the appliance. Alternatively an electronic control 15 may employ an alternative user interface 11. Either or both of the electronic control 15 and/or user interface ii may be situated in one or both of the vessel 1 and/or base 2.

[34] The vessel body I comprises a reservoir S for containing liquid to be heated, lid 8, spout 7, handle 9 and a base section 6 having a sub-base portion 19, which forms the bottom surface of the vessd body I. The spout 7 may provide primary venting and/or pressure equalisation. The spout 7 may further include a spout filter 740 having a screen mesh 659. The vessel body I may be further provided with a baffle 730 located behind the spout 7, as descnbed in the applicant's own patent publication GB-A-2484571, for reducing or inhibiting water from being ejected or spilling out of the spout during the heating process.

[35] The sub base portion 19 may be sealed to the vessel body 19 with a seal 21 to allow the appliance to be washed in a dishwasher or cleaned by immersion in water, as described in the applicant's own patent publication WO-Al-2008/0l2506.

[36] The Ud 8 may be operable to open and dose with a user actuator and may be secured to the vessel with a hinge, latch or other means. The lid 8 may be securably sealed to the vessel so that the lid remains in place and does not leak liquid in the case that the appliance is tipped over.

[37] The vessel 1 may further include a spill inhibiting means for example 149, 640 in the area of the spout 7 and/or steam inlet, as described for example, in the applicant's own patent publication WO-A2-20 11/101642 to reduce or eliminate spillage if the appliance is accidentally tipped or knocked over.

[38] A steam tube 70 and steam cap 101 may be provided. The steam tube communicates from the area above the water level 225 to the steam switch 73 or 73a. The steam tube may be formed, for example as part of the handle 9 or reservoir wall S or as illustrated as a separate tube. In the case that the steam tube passes through the dement then a suitable seal 584 and additional steam guide 599 may be provided. The vessel body 1 may be any shape and formed, for example, from plastic, metal, glass or ceramic. The vessel body may comprise a single wall as illustrated or alternatively a twin wall so that, for example. the vessel may be better insulated against heat loss or to render the wall cool to the touch.

[39] Liquid is heated by an element plate 12 which may form the base of the reservoir 5.

The reservoir S of the appliance I may be provided with water level markings and/or other features that indicate the state of the appliance I. The element plate 12 includes a heating means and is connected to receive electncal power via the connector 3. The heating means may comprise a sheathed element 39 as illustrated or may comprise a thick film element, induction element and/or diecast element arrangement. There may be provided a heat transfer means 410 and the plate 12 may be composed of stainless steel and/or other suitable substrate. As illustrated the element plate 12 may be sealed into the vessel body 1 using the Easifix (RTM) sealing arrangement as described in WO-A-99/l7645 or aliernative sealing means may be employed, for example gluing, welding or clamping.

[40] Each of the above and subsequent mentioned components may be supplied as discrete andlor separate integers to be fixed into the appliance 1 as part of the assembly procedure.

[41] At least some embodiments of the present invention are applicable to liquid heating vessels having a heating element immersed in the water, rather than an element on the underside of the vessel.

[42] At least some embodiments of the present invention are applicable to liquid heating vessels connectable direcfly by a power cord rather than a cordless connector.

[43] At least some of the embodiments in the invention are applicable to kettles or heated vacuum flasks and pots, blenders, irons, wasserkochers, coffee and espresso makers, juicers, smoothie makers, pans, soup makers, sauce makers, steamers, tea makers, chocolate fountains, fondues, slow cookers, food processors, blenders, vacuum pots, milk frothers, refrigerators, water coolers, water dispensers, hot water on demand appliances, andior slot-in appliances. It will be appreciated that the above list is not exhaustive.

[44] At least some of the embodiments in the invention are appflcable to non-electrical appliances for containing hot liquid, such as pans and microwavaNe containers [45] At least some of the embodiments of the invention are applicable to outdoor applications or areas of extreme dampness.

[46] Within of the statement of invention, description and claims, unless otherwise stated, the terms liquid and water are intended to have equivalent meaning.

[47] Within the statement of invention, description and claims, unless otherwise stated, the terms safety kettle, appliance, vessel and reservoir may have equivalent meaning.

[48] Within the statement of invention, description and claims the safety ketfie, appliance and vessel may function as a reservoir without the need for a separate reservoir, such as a filtering or dispensing reservoir.

Spill Inhibiting System for Vessels [49] With electrical liquid heating appliances, there is a risk of spillage of hot liquid if the appliance is accidentally tipped or knocked over. Since the liquid may be at or close to boiling, such spillage can cause severe scalding to the user or bystanders.

[50] There is also a need to save energy by reducing or eliminating spillage of heated water, so that the heated water is not wasted.

H

[51] There have been many proposals in the state of the art to reduce or inhibit such spillage. These solutions are generally one of three types, each of which relies on either user actuation and/or moving parts.

i) Manual types in which, for example, liquid can only be poured out when a valve is manually released: for example, Figures i3a to i3f of WO-A-2011/101642 in which the valve is incorporated with a user operated actuator.

ii) Automatic types in which liquid can only be poured out when the appliance is in a particular orientation, using one or more parts that move with the orientation of the appliance, for example, gravity. For example, Figures ISa to 2lb of WO-A-201 1/101642 illustrate a gravity biased valve in the form of a pendulum pivotally mounted on the vertical axis and supported by pendulum supports. The pendulum is acted on from opposite sides by respective springs so as to centre the pendulum when the appliance is upright or tipped forward towards the spout. The force of the springs is sufficient to overcome any friction between the pendulum and the pendulum supports so that the pendulum is in equilibrium. A central recess in the pendulum allows liquid through the aperture into the lid chamber and subsequently through the aperture into the spout, when the appliance is tipped towards the spout for pouring.

iii) Inertia types in which the valve is sensitive to impact and/or rapid decderation. For example, Figures 14a to 14d of WO-A-201 1/101642 illustrate a valve seat having an inwardly projecting portion located towards the spout side of a lower lid wall, which prevents the conical valve from sfiding upwards and closing the aperture when the appliance is tipped forwards for pouring. However, if the appliance is tipped forward suddenly, the valve will jump past the projecting portion and seal against the upper lid sealing face. If the appliance is tipped sideways or backwards the valve member will not be engaged by the projecting portion but will seal against the upper lid sealing face, thereby closing the aperture.

[52] Very often the provision to make the appliance safe may also inhibit the easy use of the appliance.

[53] The state of the art is mostly directed to domestic water boiling appliances.referred to hereafter as safety kettles.

[54] One particular problem in kettles is the need to provide pressure relief andlor venting from the appliance both in nornrnl use (during tilling and pouring and heating and cooling cycles) and in abnorma' conditions, for example if the appliance is tipped over.

Generally the spout of the kettle acts as the primary pressure relief and venting means for steam and to accommodate expansion and contraction. In the case that the spout is sealed or partially sealed, for example to prevent spillage, a separate primary venting means is usually provided.

[55] Another venting requirement for safety kettles is the need for pressure equalization between the reservoir and atmosphere so that for example, the water may pour freely from the reservoir.

[56] For kettles that incorporate a temperature control (for example a steam switch) mounted remote from the reservoir, a steam tube may communicate between the reservoir and the steam switch and this steam tube may provide secondary venting and/or pressure equalization for the appliance.

[57] In safety kettles, the primary venting or secondary venting means may be inhibited by the spill inhibiting features and alternatively or additionally excessive water pressure may result in the primary or secondary venting means ejecting heated water.

[58] In the case of a cordless kettle, the temperature difference between the heating dement and the water may cause boiling to continue for a short while after the kettle is knocked over, so that pressure may also continue to build up to some degree even after the power has been disconnected.

[59] For example, JP-A-2008212315 discloses a manual type safety kettle with a separate venting outlet for steam. In tests of commercially available safety kettles in Japan and based on the disclosure of that patent application, boiling water spurted vigorously from the venting oudet after the kettle had been tipped onto its side.

[60] In addition, the steam pressure may force the heated water into the handle andlor the sub base via the steam tube so that there is a risk of the user accidentally contacting a heated surface and/or liquid when attempting to pick up the appliance after being tipped over. Furthermore, there is the risk of excessive water contacting any dectrical components that may also be housed in the handle andlor sub base.

[61] 1-lowever if the heating vessd were completely closed by an interlock or valve, as for example in GB-A-2272629. there is a risk that steam pressure will build up inside the vessel until it explodes.

[62] Another problem to be addressed in safety kettles and the like is the need to allow easy filling andlor pouring.

[63] The applicant's patent publication WO-A-20 li/I 01642 discloses a number of means to overcome the above problems including a commercially availaNe system based on a moving pendulum arrangement which enables the user to pour from the safety kettle without user actuation and to provide spill inhibiting primary and/or secondary venting means.

[64] It is understood that these automatic arrangements do not a'ways fulfil local marketing requirements, in which, for example, the user actuation may not be considered detrimental and may even be seen as a benefit. However, there is a need to provide improvements to user actuator arrangements, in which the default position provides spill inhibiting means whilst also providing prinrnry venting means.

[65] The applicant's patent publication WO-A-2012/1 10925 discloses means to overcome spillage issues in which the appliance is predisposed to rest, after being tipped over, with the spout in an upward facing position. However, there is still a need to prevent andior restrict liquid spilling from the spout if/when the appliance is tipped over in the forward position prior to the appliance resting on its side. Furthermore, generally there is a steam tube towards the back of the apphance, and there is a need to prevent Uquid entering the steam tube whilst the appliance is predisposed to rest with the spout in an upward facing position.

[66] Each of the following embodiments, identified with reference to the drawings, may be used in isolation or in conjunction with other embodiments to provide solutions to the above problems and, in a number of alTangements; the inventors have illustrated embodiments of such combinations.

[67] It is evident that the full scope and combination of embodiments is extensive; however it is envisaged that the skilled person, having read the description herein, will be able to transfer solutions between the embodiments to meet the specific problems of individual appliances within the scope of the present invention.

[68] Traditionally spill inhibiting means have been used in electrical portable water heating appliances such as kettles or heated vacuum flasks and pots. Additional example appliances may include any appliance that requires some form of protection from the spillage of heated liquid; in which case the safety kettle embodiments subsequently described are applicable to any heated liquid appliance that is susceptible to spillage and/or being knocked over. This may include non-electrical appliances for containing hot liquid, such as pans and microwavable containers, so that the food or liquid being heated can vent safely dunng and immediately after the cooking process without excess pressure build up and/or spillage during normal use and to prevent excessive spillage if the container is dropped or tipped over.

[69] It is known that a water heating vessel requires head room or a void 222 above the water level to accommodate the turbulence and/or expansion that may occur when the water boils. The water level 225d in the following Figures is a typical maximum evel for a water heating appliance including a steam operated control and the equivalent volume is used to schematically illustrate the level of water when the appliance i is in a tipped position. Each of the spill inhibiting embodiments are illustrated with reference to the water level 225d however the level 225d is not linilting and arrangements may be configured for appliances with alternative maximum water levels.

[70] In the following description, functionally similar parts carry the same reference numerals between different embodiments. The drawings are intended to be schematic, and dimensions and angles may not be determined accurately from them unless otherwise stated.

[71] Embodiments will now be described using corresponding reference numerals to those of preceding Figure 1 where appropriate for corresponding elements.

[72] Figure 9a illustrates aprior art safetykettle, as described in WO-A-201 1/101642, in which the lid 8 compnses a lid chamber 71, the floor of which comprises a lower lid surface 66. The lid 8 is removably sealed against the upper end of the reservoir 5 by a reservoir seal 63. The Ud 8 including the lid chamber 71 can be removed from the reservoir 5, to allow filling or cleaning of the reservoir 5. Alternatively or additionally the lid 8 may be attached to the vessel body I by a hinge.

[73] The lid chamber 71 acts as a passage for liquid from the reservoir 5, which enters the lid chamber 71 through an aperture 86 in the lower lid surface 66. Liquid may then be poured out from the lid chamber 71 through the spout 7.

[74] In each embodiment, the vessel body may have an outer wall 61 spaced apart from an inner wall 62, the latter forming the wall of the reservoir 5. The steam tube 70 passes through the space between the inner wall 62 and the outer wall 61, for example as described and claimed in the applicant's granted patents GB-B-2365752 and CN-C- 1239116. This steam tube may act as a secondary vent as previously described.

[75] The flow of Uquid through the aperture 86 is governed by at least one mechanical flow management means 80, to prevent liquid from escaping from the reservoir S when the vessel body 1 is tipped over. The mechanical flow management means may comprise a user actuator 75 or may be automatic.

[76] The spill inhibiting means in Figure 9a, as described, is positioned within the lid, however, WO-A-2011/101642 explicitly discloses the use of such systems in other parts of the appliance including the reservoir and/or the spout.

[77] US-B-6,805,266 discloses a spill prevention mechanism for a liquid-containing vessel, in which a flap closes under hydrostatic pressure to seal an opening, and is magnetically latched in the closed position until manually opened.

Steam Chamber/Steam Valve Assembly Arrangements to Prevent Liquid Entering the Steam Chamber and/or Steam Tube.

[78] As previously described, within the statement of invention, description and claims, unless otherwise stated, the terms steam chamber and steam valve assembly may have equivalent meaning, however, for brevity, this will be referred to in the following

description as a steam valve assembly.

[79] As illustrated the steam valve assembly 640vi is formed as part of, or removably mounted to, the steam tube as part of the steam path from the reservoir S towards the appliance control for example steam sensor 73. However, in further embodiments the steam valxe assembly 640vi may form a part of or removably mounted to other parts of the vessel that form part of the steam path. for examp'e, on the lid, reservoir, steam chamber or handle etc. [80] For illustrative and clarity purposes, non-essential components are omitted from the figures.

[81] Figures l3ywh to l3yws illustrate a first embodiment of the steam valve assembly 640vi, in which steam access and secondary venting is provided when the appliance Ic is in an upright or pouring position; however, liquid is prevented from entering the steam tube 70 when the appliance lc is tipped over on its side.

[82] Figure l3ywh illustrates a schematic isometric cutaway section view through the central plane A-A of the appliance lc illustrating the steam valve assembly 640vi secured or removably secured to the end of the steam tube 70 with the appliance ic in an upnght position. As illustrated, it is preferred, but not limiting, that the steam valve assembly 640vi is offset from the central plane A-A of the appliance Ic and positioned towards the outer perimeter of the vessel lc at approximately 90° to the central plane A-A. It is also preferred that the steam valve assembly 640vi is positioned to face downwardly at an angle towards the centra' axis of the appliance Ic, so that the steam valve assembly 640vi is always open when the appliance ic is in an upright position. The range of angle in which the steam valve assemNy 640vi may face downwardly towards the central axis of the appliance ic is between 15° to 75° to the honzontal axis of the appliance lc. Preferably, the angle may be 45°.

[83] Figure i3ywi illustrates an exploded isometric view of the steam valve assembly 640vi and Figures l3ywj and l3ywk are schematic cutaway cross sections through the central plane B-B of the steam valve assembly 640vi in upright and tipped positions, which will be described in more detail below.

[84] As illustrated, the steam valve assembly 640vi comprises a chamber 640 which may be formed as part of a main body 637 and cover 638. The chamber 640 may include at least one channel 682d for housing the valve iS9a, which is movable therein.

[85] A first aperture 160 is provided in a side of the chamber 640 to fluidly connect the reservoir 5 to the channel 682d. A second aperture 92 is provided in a side of the chamber 640, to fluidly connect the channel 682d to the steam tube 70 so that the reservoir 5 is fluidly connected to the steam tube 70 via the channel 682d of steam valve assembly 640vL As illustrated the apertures 92, i 60 are positioned on opposite sides of the channel 682d, however in other embodiments the apertures 92, 160 may, for example, be on the same side of the chamber 640 and in still further embodiments at least one aperture 92, 160 may be positioned on an end wall of the chamber 640.

[86] As illustrated the va've 159a is circu'ar with flat sides so that the valve 159a may easily move/rotate along the channel 682d in response to gravity, and the side of the valve 159a may close at least one of the apertures 92, 162 in the tipped position.

[87] As illustrated, the apertures 92, 160 lie substantially on the same axis, such that in the tipped position, the valve 159 may mutually engage and close one or both of the apertures 92, 160. Tn further embodiments the apertures 92, 160 may be offset or on the same plane. Furthermore, the shape/form of the valve I 59a and the manner in which it rests against, within or closes the apertures 92. i60 are not limiting, and in further embodiments it can be envisaged that the valve I 59a may be, for example, rectangular, square, ovoid or spherical for cooperating with mutually engaging features provided on the apertures 92, to ensure an effective seal between the valve l59a and the apertures 92, 160.

[88] As illustrated, the steam valve assembly 640vi may be connected to the steam tube via a steam guide 599, however in further embodiments the steam valve assembly 640vi may be connected directly to the steam tube 70 or may, as previously described, form a part of or be removably mounted to other parts of the vessel, for example. on the lid, reservoir, steam chamber or handle etc. [89] With the appliance Ic in an upright position as illustrated in Figure l3ywj, the steam valve assembly 640vi faces in a first downward position as illustrated by the arrOW, and the valve 159a resides at the bottom end of channel 682d such that the apertures 92, are both open to allow the reservoir 5 to be fluidly connected to the steam tube 70.

During the following description any steam valve assembly 640vi described in a downward facing position will be deemed to be open.

[90] With the appliance Ic a tipped position as illustrated in Figure l3ywk, the steam vahe assembly 640vi faces in an upward position as illustrated by arrow B. which allows the valve 159a to move to the other end of the channel 682d such that at least one of the apertures 92, 160 is closed and disconnects the reservoir S from the steam tube 70. During the following description any steam valve assembly 640vi described in an upward facing position will deem to be closed.

[91] Figures I3ywl, l3ywn, I3ywp and l3ywr illustrate schematic front views of the section through the appliance lc of Figure l3ywh lying on its side in four different orientations. Tn Figures i3ywl and i3ywp, the spout 7 faces upward and in Figures l3ywn and I 3ywr the spout 7 faces downward.

[92] Figures l3ywm, l3ywo, l3ywq and l3yws are schematic sectional views of the steam valve assembly 640vi on their respective positions of Figures l3ywl, i3ywn, l3ywp and l3ywr, showing the positions of the valve 159a.

[93] As illustrated in the first tipped position of Figures l3ywl and l3ywm the spout 7 is facing upwardly towards the left and the steam valve assembly 640vi is above the water level 225d in which case no liquid will enter the steam valve assembly 640vi. The valve assembly 640vi is in a first downwardly facing position in which case the vahe 159 resides at a distance from both apertures 92, 160 within the channel 682d and in this position the steam valve assembly 640vi allows excess steam pressure to be safely vented out of the reservoir 5.

[94] As illustrated in second tipped position of Figures l3ywn and l3ywo, the spout 7 is facing downwardly towards the left however the steam valve assembly remains above the water level 222d in which case no liquid will enter the steam valve assembly 640vi. The valve assembly 640vi is in a second downwardly facing position in which case the valve 159 resides at a distance from both apertures 92, 160 within the channel 682d and in this position the steam valve assembly 640vi allows excess steam pressure to be safely vented out of the reservoir 5.

[95] As illustrated in a third tipped position of Figures l3ywp and l3ywq, the spout 7 is facing upwardly towards the right and the steam valve assembly 640vi is below the water level 225d. The steam valve assembly 640vi is now in a first upwardly facing position and the valve i59 moves to the other end of the channel 682d closing at least one of the apertures 92, 160, and preventing the contents of the reservoir 5 entering the channel 682d.

[96] As illustrated in the fourth tipped position of Figures l3ywr and l3yws, the spout 7 is facing downwardly towards the right and the steam valve assemNy 640vi once again Mow the water evel 225d. The steam valve assembly 640vi is now in a second upwardly facing position with the valve 159 closing at least one of the apertures 92, 160 to prevent the contents of the reservoir 5 entering the channel 682d.

[97] As illustrated, in at least one orientation, when tipped over, the steam valve assembly 640vi will fully block access to the steam tube 70, and so prevents the steam tube 70 acting as a primary or secondary vent. In which case, it is preferred. but not limiting.

that alternative venting is provided in at least this orientation of the tipped over position, for example venting through the spout and/or the provision of a pressure relief valve as described in the proprietors' patent application WO-A2-2011/101642.

[98] In an alternative embodiment as shown in Figure l3ywt, at least a second steam valve assembly 64Ovii may be provided within the vessel ic at an opposite side to the first steam va've assembly 640vi. The second steam valve assembly 64Ovii may be connected to the same steam tube 70 as the first steam valve assembly 640vi so that, in the first and second tipped positions when first steam valve assembly 640vi is above liquid level the second steam valve assembly ô4Ovii is below the liquid level. In which case, the second steam valve assemNy 64Ovii acts as a valve to prevent Uquid entering the steam tube 70 and the first steam valve assembly 640vi acts as a vent.

[99] Conversely in the third and fourth tipped positions when first steam valve assembly 640vi is below the liquid level the second steam valve assembly 64Ovii is above the liquid evel. In which case, the first steam valve assembly 640vi acts as a valve to prevent liquid entering the steam tube 70 and the second steam valve assembly 64Ovii acts as a vent. So that a vent is provided through the steam tube 70 in the first, second, third and fourth tipped positions.

[100] Whilst the embodiments of Figures l3ywh to l3ywt illustrate the steam valve assembly 640vi positioned at approximately 90° to the centreline A-A, however this angle is not limiting. In further embodiments, the steam valve assembly 640vi may be angled towards the handle 9, as shown by Angle A in Figure l3ywu. Alternatively, the steam valve assembly 640v1 may be angled away from the handle 9, as shown by Angle B in Figure l3ywv. The range of suitable angles will be dependent upon, for example, water level, head room and/or shape of the appliance etc. [101] Figures i3yww to i3ywy. illustrates a second embodiment of the steam valve assembly G4Ovii in which steam access and secondary venting is provided when the appliance ic is in an upright or pouring position; however, liquid is prevented from entering the steam tube 70 when the appliance Ic is tipped over on its side.

[102] Figure l3yww illustrates a schematic isometric cutaway section view through the central plane A-A of the appliance lc illustrating the steam valve assembly 64Oviii according to the second embodiment secured or removably secured to the end of the steam tube 70 with the appliance Ic in an upright position. As illustrated, it is preferred, but not limiting, that the steam valve assembly O4Oviii is offset from the central plane A-A of the appliance I, which will be described in more detail below. As previously described, it is also preferred that the steam valve assembly 640vi is positioned to face downwardly at an angle towards the central axis of the appliance Ic [103] Figure I3ywx illustrates an exploded isometric view of the steam valve assembly 640viii according to the second embodiment. As previously described, the steam valve assembly 640viii comprises said chamber 640 which may be formed as part of the main body 637 and cover 638. The chamber 640 may include at least one channel 682d for housing the valve 159, which is movable therein. Unless otherwise stated, it is not intended to further describe those features.

[104] As previously described, determining the position/orientation of the assemblies 640 is complex; particularly the need to ensure that the valve 159 moves from the closed state to the open state (or vice versa) as required in each tipped position.

[105] As previously described it is essential that the valve faces in a east a first downward position when the appliance is an upright position and the following description read in conjunction with Figure 1 3wwy discloses means to determine the optimum angubr position of the channel 682 of the assembly 640 in plan view to allow the valve to function in at least four tipped positions.

[106] Figure I3ywy illustrates a schematic plan view of a section through the appliance in its upright and normal position according to the second embodiment. As illustrated, Line A represents a first tangential line in which the spout 7 and the side of the appliance lc rest against a substantially flat surface if tipped towards the side in a first direction. The horizontal surface and Line B represents a second tangential line in which the handle 9 and the side of the appliance Ic may rest against a flat surface if tipped towards the side in a similar first direction. Line C bisects the angle AB between Line A and Line B as such positioning the channel 682 of the assembly 64Ovii parallel to line C would be the optimum position if the appliance always tipped in the first direction irrespective of whether the appliance resides with spout or handle downwards.

[107] Line X represents a third tangential line in which the spout 7 and the side of the appliance Ic may rest against a flat surface if tipped towards the side in a second direction.

The horizontal surface and Line Y represent a fourth tangential line in which the handle 9 and the side of the appliance lc rest against a flat surface if tipped towards the side in a similar second direction. Line Z bisects the angle XY between Line X and Line Y; positioning the channel 682 of the assembly 64Ovii paralld to line Z woWd be the optimum position if the appliance always tipped in the second direction irrespective whether the appliance resides with spout or handle downwards.

[108] It can be appreciated that angles C and Z are substantially the same, however because the tangential lines form a kite shape then lines C and Z are not parallel and will cross each other substantially at the central point of the appliance to form angie CZ.

Intersection line M bisects angle CZ and provides an average angle between lines C and Z. lii which case positioning the channel 682 of the assembly 64Ovii parallel to intersection fine M would be the optimum position if the appliance is likely to fall on both sides irrespective if the spout or handle is facing downwards.

[109] Ideally the channel 682 of the assembly 640 should be substantially parallel to the intersection line M and preferably should at least fall parallel to any intersection line within the angle CZ.

[110] It can be envisaged that angles C and Z may vary andlor may be dependent upon the design of the appliance. However, the princip'e remains consistent, i.e. the steam valve assembly 64Oviii may be substantially parallel to intersection line M so that the valve 159 may be predisposed at substantially the same angie to the horizontal axis in the four different orientations.

[111] In the case that the appliance comprises two steam valve assemblies as for example as illustrated in figure l3ywt then it would be necessary to determine the angles of Line C and Line Z as described above and it woirid be preferred that the first valve would be positioned substantially parallel to the equivalent line C and a second vahe would be positioned substantially parallel to the equivalent line Z. [112] The steam valve assembly, or parts thereof. may be made from plastic, or, for example, a corrosion resistant material such as stainless steel. Alternatively, the valve 159a may be coated in a corrosion resistant and/or a non-sdck coating, which may prevent the build-up of scale on its surface, which may cause the valve 159a to seize User Actuated Spill Inhibiting Means [113] In the prior art, it is known to employ inertia type valves or mechanisms that provide spill inhibiting means for the spout upon impact andlor deceleration, for example.

as disclosed in WO-A-2011/i01642. However, the prior art mechanisms do not resolve the problems of primary venting after the appliance has tipped onto its side. Furthermore, the prior art mechanisms are located in the lid of the appliance, which may result in more complex and bulky design.

[114] The applicant's patent publication GB-A-2499065 resolve the abovementioned problem by using a combination of a manifold system that provides primary venting, pouring and tilling from the spout in normal use and primary venting and spill inhibifing means when the appliance is tipped on its side and an inertia type ball valve to act as a spill inhibiting means. The inertia type ball valve is retained within its chamber to allow liquid to be dispensed and filled through the spout aperture in normal use and but engages the spout aperture when the appliance is dropped in a forward position to inhibit spillage.

[115] Whilst the disclosed manifold system with the inertia type ball valve is automatic and/or intuitive and may not require any user interaction, its arrangement may be more suited to larger sized appliances, as the manifold system may reduce the liquid carrying capacity of smaller sized appliances.

[116] As previously explained it is understood that these automatic and/or intuitive arrangements do not always fulfil local marketing requirements, in which, for example, the user actuation may not be considered detrimental and may even be seen as a benefit.

However, there is a need to provide improvements to user actuator arrangements, in which the default position provides spill inhibiting means whilst also providing primary venting means.

[117] One embodiment of the invention provides a spill inhibiting assembly 625vi that may comprise a valve means 93 for an appliance id that acts to allow liquid to be dispensed and filled through an aperture 698 in normal use and may act as a spill inhibiting means when the appliance I is tipped over in a forward position. The spill inhibiting assembly 635vi may further comprise a pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 in all positions e.g. the tipped, norma' and operating positions, which will be described in more detail below.

[118] For illustrative and clarity purposes, non-essential components are omitted from the figures.

[119] As illustrated in Figures l3yxa to ll3yxp, the spout 7 communicates with the reservoir S via the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi which may comprise at least one filling and/or pouring aperture 698, a pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 having at least one pressure relieving and/or venting aperture 632, and at least one valve means 93.

pivotally supported andJor mounted to said spill inhibiting assembly 635vi, each of which will be described in more detail below.

[120] In the tipped, normal and operating positions, i.e. all positions, the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 provide pressure relief and equalisation for the appliance Id, i.e. primary venting from the spout in normal use and primary venting when the appliance ld is tipped on its side, which will be described in more detail below.

[121] The valve 93 sdectively opens and doses the aperture 698 provided in a first surface 705 of the spill inhibiting assemNy 635vi. such that the appliance Id may be emptied and filled via the aperture 698 and spout aperture 632g, which will be described in more detail below.

[122] Figures l3yxa and l3yxb illustrate exploded and assembled perspective views of the first embodiment of the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi which comprises at least two components 705 and 707. The first component 705 comprises said pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 and at least one aperture 698 that cooperates with the spout 7 and the second component 707 comprises said at least one valve means 93. A valve seating surface 706 may be formed around or within the aperture 698. As illustrated the functions of assembly 635vi may be provided within or by the cooperation of first and second components 705, 707 when the assembly is attached to the vessel Id or alternatively (as ater described) at least part of the valve function for example the valve sealing means 706 and or hinge 732 may be provided as part of, or integral with for example the vessel 1 and/or lid 8.

[123] As illustrated the first component 705 may abut andlor seal against an inner wall Sa of the vessel Id at the front of the reservoirS so that the aperture 698 is in fluid connection with the spout 7 andlor spout aperture 632g. Preferably, the first component 705 mirrors and/or follows the contour of the inner wall 5a at the front of the reservoir 5 to prevent water escaping out of the spout 7 via gaps that may be formed between the first component 705 and the inner wall Sa of the reservoir 5.

[124] As illustrated, the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi may be provided with at least one hinge 732 to allow the valve 93 to be pivotally mounted thereto via at least one pivot 118.

In the default position, the valve 93 is biased to close off the aperture 698, such that, without user operation, in the tipped positions the valve 93 remains in the closed position.

The valve 93 may be provided with an abutment 703 to allow the user to directly or indirectly operate the spout aperture valve 93 to open the aperture 698. As illustrated the abutment 703 is configured to open the valve 93 when pushed in the direction of the spout 7. However in further embodiments (not shown), the abutment 703 may be configured so that the valve 93 opens when pulled in a direction away from the spout 7.

[125] The biasing means is not shown but may be provided, at least partially, within the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi or alternatively may be provided, at least partially, as part of the user actuator assemhly, for example, in cooperation with the actuator 75b.

[126] Figure l3yxc illustrates an exploded rear view of the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi and Figure l3yxd illustrates a corresponding front view of the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi. As illustrated a conduit, chamber, compartment or channel 682 may be formed as part of the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi to provide pressure relief and pressure equalisation means. For ease of reference the conduit, chamber, compartment or channel 682 of the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi will be referred to as channel 682 and unless otherwise stated will have equal meaning in the description and claims.

[127] In further embodiments the channel 682 may be a separate component secured or removably secured to the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi, alternatively the channel may be formed in combination with a second component, for example, as later described, at least one wall of the channel 682 may be formed in combination with the inner wall of the reservoir.

[128] At least one aperture 632a, 632b may be provided within the channel 682 on the reservoir side and at least one further aperture 632n, 632m may be provided through front of the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi on the spout side such that the reservoir 5 may be fluidly connected to atmosphere via the channel 682 and colTespondrng apertures 632a, 632b, 632n, 632m. As illustrated at least one aperture 632a, 632b may be provided on each end of the channel 682.

[129] It can be envisaged that the channel 682 provides primary venting both in normal use and also in when the appliance id is lipped on its side.

[130] The spilil inhibiting assembly 635vi may be provided as a separate and/or discrete removable component that is removably secured to at least the body or the lid 8 of the appliance Id, which will be described in more detail below.

[131] Alternatively, the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi may be pivotally connected to the body or to the lid 8 of the appliance ld by a hinge provided on the user actuated spill inhibiting assembly 635vi, in which case, for example at least the first component 705 may be formed as a single moulding together with at least the body or the lid 8 of the appliance Id.

[132] Figures l3yxe and l3yxf are schematic sectional views of the appliance id with the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 of Figures i3yxa to i3yxd lying on its side in two different orientations.

[133] As previously disclosed, in the tipped positions the spout aperture valve 93 remains in the closed position, in which case no liquid exits through aperture 698 when tipped over.

[134] It can be envisaged that the appliance id may be predisposed to lie with the spout 7 facing upwards when tipped over for example by configuring the appliance Id so that its centre of gravity is substantially towards the handle 7, in which case each of figures 1 3yxe and l3yxf illustrate the vessel lb with the spout facing upwards.

[135] As illustrated in the first tipped position of Figure i3yxe, the spout 7 is facing upwardly towards the left and the both apertures 632b and 632m are above the water level 225d in which case the apertures 632b and 632m act as a primary vent for the reservoir 5 as indicated by the arrow 634. The aperture 632a of the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 is below the water 225d allowing only a lower portion of the channel 682 to be submerged in water. Water is prevented from exiting the spout 7 as the apertures 632b and 632m are above the water level 225d.

[136] As illustrated in the first tipped position of Figure l3yxf. the spout 7 is facing upwardly towards the right and the both apertures 632a and 632m are above the water level 225d in which case the apertures 632a and 632m act as a primary vent for the reservoir 5 as indicated by the arrow 634. The aperture 632b of the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 is below the water 225d allowing only a lower portion of the channel 682 to be submerged in water. Water is prevented from exiting the spout 7 as the apertures 632a and 632m are above the water level 225d.

[137] It can be envisaged that in its upright and normal position, the apertures 632a, 632b 632m, 632n and channel 682 are above the water level 225d, with the spout 7 in liquid communication with the reservoir S via the channel 682. The sizes of the apertures may be selected dependent upon the vessel type, water volume etc. to provide the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 through the spout 7 in normal use and in the illustrated tipped positions.

[138] In the case of the appliance ld being dropped forward onto its spout prior to the appliance Id being tipped onto its side, it can be envisaged that momentarily the apertures 632a, 632b 632m, 632n and channel 682 are below the water level. During said momentaly period, channel 682 may minimise spillage from the spout 7 by the controlled dimension of at least one of the apertures 632a, 632b, 632m and/or the channel 682. In which case the apertures may be selected dependent upon the vessel type, water volume etc. to provide the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 through the spout 7 in normal use and in the illustrated tipped positions. Each of the apertures 632m, 632n may further configured so that any liquid exiting through the apertures 632m, 632n may be directed, for example downwards, towards the spout so that this liquid flow may be further inhibited and/or prevented from spillage/ejection outside the appliance I. Advantageously any liquid thus retained within the spout 7 may flow back into the reservoir S when the appliance I is placed upright.

[139] As described above, the centre of gravity may urge the appliance Id to rotate towards the handle i.e. predisposed with the spout 7 facing upwards, thus allowing at least one of the apertures 632a, 632b and aperture 632m to be above the water level 225d and further minimising spillage from the spout 7.

[140] One or more baffles (not shown) may be provided in the channel 682 to provide a tortuous path, which may impede the flow of spiflages from the spout 7 when tipped over in the forward position. The baffles may be arranged in a staggered or angled configuration to further impede the flow of liquid and spillage.

[141] In alternative embodiments, the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685i may extend further around the appliance. In which case, the apertures 632a and 632b may be substantially higher than the water level 225d in the tipped position. This may allow the appliance 225d to have a larger water carrying capacity and/or inhibit the spillage of liquid when the appliance is tipped forward.

[142] Figures l3yxg to l3yxj are schematic sectional views of the appliance Id with a variant of the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 635vi, whereby a movable member 617 may be provided in the channel 682 to prevent spillage if the appliance Id is dropped forward onto its spout 7 prior to the appliance la being tipped onto its side.

[143] Figure l3yxg illustrates the appfiance Id in its upright and normal position. The apertures 632a, 632b and 632m and channel 682 are above the water level, thus allowing the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 to provide primary venting from the spout 7 in normal use. The member 617, for example a ball, may reside within a recess 109 via gravity and away from the aperture 632m in its upright and normal position to allow primary venting from the spout 7 via the aperture 632m.

[144] Figure I3yxh illustrates the appliance Id is in its tipped position with the spout 7 facing downwards and/or upon impact with the spout facing downwards, in which the member 617 moves forward under gravity and seals against the aperture 632m so that liquid is prevented from exiting the spout 7. As previously described, the steam generated within the appliance Id may be vented via a steam chamber or steam tube (not shown) situated above the water level.

[145] The mechanism provided to unlatch the member 617 may be manual or automatic, mechanical or electncal and may be an inertia type mechanism that is sensitive to impact and/or rapid deceleration, for example, a magnet.

[146] The member 617 may automatically return (for example by gravity) to its original position and then may be retained or latched by the retaining means (not shown) for further deployment.

[147] Figures l3yxi and l3yxj are schematic sectional views of the appliance Id, with the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685i of Figures l3yxg and l3yxh, lying on its side in two different orientations with the spout 7 facing upwards. As previously mentioned, the centre of gravity may be likely to predispose the appliance with the spout 7 facing upwards.

[148] As previously described, in the first tipped position of Figure l3yxi, the spout 7 is facing upwardly towards the left and the both apertures 632b and 632m are above the water level 225d, and aperture 632a is below the water level 22d. The movable member 617 moves under gravity away from aperture 698 and engages the aperture 632a of the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685i, and may prevent andlor minimise water entering the channel 682. The apertures 632b and 632m act as a pnmary vent for the reservoir 5 as indicated by the arrow 634.

[149] In the second tipped position of Figure l3yxj, the spout 7 is facing upwardly towards the right and the both apertures 632a and 632m are above the water level 225d, and aperture 632b is below the water level 22d. The movable member 617 moves under gravity away from aperture 698 and engages the aperture 632b of the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 6851, and may prevent and/or minimise water entering the channel 682. The apertures 632a and 632m act as a pnmary vent for the reservoir 5 as indicated by the arrow 634.

[150] In many of the embodiments the member 617 may be described and illustrated as a ball 617, but is not limited thereto, and may be equally applicable to other shapes or forms, for example, a disk etc. [151] Typically, the ball 617 may be metal, for example, a ball bearing or may be p'astic.

glass or ceramic. The ball 617 may be coated for example. as found in a ball-operated computer mouse or the like. Advantageously, the ball 617 may be made from a corrosion resistant rnateria such as stainless steel and/or coated in a non-stick and/or corrosion resistant coating for example PTFE, Teflon ®, ceramic or enamel. Non-stick coating and/or corrosion resistant coating may provide an additional benefit by preventing or reducing the build-up of scale on the surface of the ball 617, which may cause the ball 617 to seize within the chamber 682. In further embodiments the ball 617 may be plated, for example nickd plated, to provide similar non stick properties.

[152] The channel 682 may be configured so that the ball 617 moves away from the aperture 698 when the appliance ld is resting in its upnght and normal position.

[153] The channel 682 may be configured so that when the appliance Id is removed from a tipped sideways to a tipped forward position the ball 617 returns to a central position to seal against the aperture 698 so that, for example, liquid is inhibited from spilling from the appliance when the appliance 1 is picked up after being knocked over.

[154] Figures l3yxk, I3yxl and i3yxm are schematic isometric cutaway views of the spill inhibiting appliance Id in the upright and normal position illustrating the appliance Id in pre-assembled, closed and open positions.

[155] As illustrated, at least one tab 734 may be provided that projects from the inner wall of the appliance id near the lower end of the aperture 632g and/or projects downwardly within the peripheral flange 743 to act and to support and secure the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi within the reservoir 5 of the appliance ld. Alternatively, other known means such as snap-fittings, screws, fnction-flttings and/or clamping is provided to removably secure the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi to the appliance Id.

[156] As illustrated, the apertures 632m and 698 and are fluidly connected to the spout aperture 632g.

[157] A button or trigger 99 may be provided on a handle 9 of appliance Id to a'low the user to directly or indirectly operate the spout aperture valve 93, As illustrated in Figure l3yxl. the spout aperture va've 93 is in its default closed position. where the spout aperture valve 93 is biased to close off the aperture 698. Spring or resilient biasing means (not shown) may be provided to the bias the spout aperture valve 93 in a closed position.

[158] Figure l3yxm illustrates the spout aperture valve 93 in an open position in which the button or trigger 99 operates a first actuator 75a, which indirectly or directly operates the abutment 703 to allow the spout aperture valve 93 to open the aperture 698 as schematically shown by arrow 704, as will be described in more detail below.

[159] Figures l3yxn. l3yxo and l3yxp are schematic cross section views of the spifi inhibiting appliance ld in the upright and normal position illustrating the appliance id in pre-assembled, closed and open positions.

[160] As illustrated, at least one further actuator 75b may be provided in, for example, the lid 8, which may act as an intermediate member that connects the first actuator 75a to the abutment 703 of the spout aperture valve 93. The button or trigger 99 operates the first actuator 75a, which in turn operates the second actuator 75b to engage the abutment 703 and pivots the spout aperture valve 93 away from the aperture 698 (as shown by arrow 704) and opens the valve assembly 93. This allows the appfiance Id to be emptied and filled via the aperture 698 and spout aperture 632g in normal use. In which case, in order to fill or empty the appliance id, the user will have to operate the button or trigger 99.

Advantageously, when positioned in the Ud, the intermediate actuator will not interfere with, for example, the cleaning of the kettle if/when the lid is removed however in alternative embodiments the first actuator 75a may directly engage the abutment 703.

[161] When the user releases the button or trigger 99 the valve 93 returns to default dosed position and so prevents leakage through the spout when tipped over.

[162] In further embodiments the trigger 99 may be positioned below the handle so that the first actuator 75a is pulled away from the direction of the spout 7. In which case it may be necessary to provide an additional pivot (not shown) to convert the movement of the actuator towards the spout or (as previous'y described) the valve assemNy may be configured to respond to a backward movement of the at least one actuator 75.

[163] As previously described the biasing means is not shown but may be provided, at least partially, within the spill inhibiting assembly 635vi or alternatively may be provided, at least partially, as part of the user actuator assemNy, for example, in cooperation with the actuator 75b.

[164] The lid 8 may be provided with a thcking mechanism to secure against the appliance Id and may include at least a peripheral resilient seal (not shown) to seal against the aperture 20 of the appliance Id and so prevent water spilling from the appliance Id when tipped over. In other embodiments, the seal may be provided on the aperture 20 of the appliance Id.

[165] Figures i3yxs to i3yya illustrates a second embodiment of the spill inhibiting assembly 63Svii, in which the channel 682 has a least one open side which, when assembled, may abut and/or seal against the inner wall 5a of the reservoir 5 to form a substantially closed channel 682 therebetween. As previous'y described at least two apertures 632 may be provided so that the reservoir 5 is in fluid communication with the spout 7.

[166] Figures l3yxs and l3yxt illustrate exploded and assembled rear perspective views of the second embodiment of the spill inhibiting assembly 625vii which comprises the two components 705 and 707, as previously described.

[167] Figure l3yxu illustrates the front perspective of the first component 705 of the second embodiment 635vii and Figure l3yxw illustrates a corresponding front view of the spill inhibiting assembly 635vii. which may include at least one slot 632o, 632p below the channel 682 which may overlap the spout aperture 632g in the reservoir 5 and act and form an aperture 632m, 632n between the channel 682 and the spout 5.

[168] As illusP-ated the aperture 698 of the first component and colTesponding valve 93 of the second component 707 may be circular and the valve seat 706 may be formed within or around the aperture 698.

[169] As illustrated, the valve 93 may be pivotally mounted to the spill inhibiting assembly G3Svii. In the default position, the valve 93 is biased to close off the aperture 698, such that, without user operation, in the tipped positions the valve ç3 remains in the closed position.

[170] As illustrated at least one aperture 632a, 632b may be provided on each end of the channel 682. As previously described, the apertures 632a, 632b, 632m and 632n may be designed to provide primary venting both in normal use and also in the case that the appliance ld is tipped on its side.

[171] Advantageously by forming channel 682 with one side open simplifies the moulding procedure and also enables the channel 682 to be further configured so that it improves the control and retention of any liquid that may exit the reservoir S via the apertures 632a, 632b. For example: a) The volume of the channel 682 may be increased so that a quantity of liquid may be retained within the channel 682.

b) Baffles or other means may be provided in the channel 682 to inhibit the flow of any liquid that may enter the channel 682 under pressure from the reservoir 5.

c) The channel 682 may slope downwards towards the reservoir and the apertures 632a, 632b may be provided towards the lowest point of the channel 682 so that any liquid retained in the channel 682 in the tipped position may drain back into the reservoir 5 when the appliance 1 is upright.

[172] Figures l3yxx and l3yxy are schematic cross section cutaway views of the spill inhibiting appliance Id with the spifi inhibiting assembly 63Svii (through plane A-A of Figure l3yxu) according to a second embodiment in the upright and normal position illustrating the appliance Id in the closed and open positions.

[173] As illustrated, the pressure relief and pressure equalisation means 685 may abut and/or seal against the inner wall Sa of the reservoir 5 to form the channel 682 therebetween.

[174] As previously described at least one slot 632o, 632p may be provided within the first component that overlaps the spout aperture 632g in the reservoir 5 to form at least one aperture 632n, 632m between said components. 1-lowever in alternative embodiments at least one slot 632 may be provided in the inner wall of the reservoir 5 to overlap with channel 682 and so form at least one aperture 632n, 632m between said components.

[175] In further embodiments the open end of the channel 682 may communicate directly with the spout 5.

[176] As previously described, the button or trigger 99 may be provided on a handle 9 of appliance Id to allow the user to directly or indirectly operate the spout aperture valve 93.

As illustrated in Figure l3yxx, the spout aperture vahe 93 is in its default dosed position, where the spout aperture valve 93 is biased to close off the aperture 698. Spring or resilient biasing means (not shown) may be provided to the bias the spout aperture valve 93 in a closed position.

[177] Figure l3yxy illustrates the spout aperture valve 93 in an open position in which the button or trigger 99 operates a first actuator 75a, which indirectly or directly operates the abutment 703 to allow the spout aperture valve 93 to open the aperture 698 as schematically shown by arrow 704.

[178] As illustrated and previously described, at least one further actuator 75b may be provided in, for example, the lid 8, which may act as an intermediate member that connects the first actuator 75a to the abutment 703 of the spout aperture valve 93. The button or trigger 99 operates the first actuator 75a, which in turn operates the second actuator 75b to engage the abutment 703 and pivots the spout aperture valve 93 away from the aperture 698 (as shown by arrow 704) and opens the valve assembly 93. Other variants of the user operation means, for example as previously described, may also be employed.

[179] Figures l3yya to l3yyd illustrate a third arrangement of the spill inhibiting assembly 635viii, in which that the valve 93 may directly engage the spout aperture 632g.

[180] Figures i3yya and i3yyb illustrate exploded and assembled rear perspective views of the third embodiment of the spill inhibiting assembly 635viii which comprises the two components 705 and 707, as previously described. Unless otherwise stated, it is not intended to further describe those features.

[181] As illustrated, the lower portion of the first component 705 may not be required, so that the valve 93 may directly engage the spout aperture 632g. It can be envisaged that the reduced size first component 705 may provide an additional benefit of material and/or cost saving.

[182] As previously described, the valve 93 may be pivotally mounted to the spill inhibiting assembly 63SviiL In the default position. the valve 93 is biased to close off the aperture 698, such that, without user operation, in the tipped positions the valve 93 remains in the closed position.

[183] Figures i3yyc and i3yyd are schematic cross section views of the spill inhibiting appliance Id according to the third embodiment in the upright position illustrating the appliance id in the closed and open positions.

[184] As illustrated, at least one further actuator 75b may be provided in, for example, the lid 8, which may act as an intermediate member that connects the first actuator 75a to the abutment 703 of the spout aperture valve 93. The button or trigger 99 operates the first actuator 75a, which in turn operates the second actuator 75b to engage the abutment 703 and pivots the spout aperture valve 93 away from the aperture 698 (as shown by arrow 704) and opens the valve assembly 93.

[185] Although illustrated in terms of the assembly 635vi of the first embodiment the arrangement of 635viii is equally applicable to other embodiments including but not limited to the assembly of 635vii.

[186] Figures I3yye and I3yyf are schematic sectional views of an embodiment of the appliance Ic comprising a spill inhibiting means 635vi to 635viii and the steam valve assembly 640vi to 64Oviii lying on its side in two different orientations with the spout 7 facing upwards. As previously described it can be envisaged that the centre of gravity may urge the appliance Id to rotate towards the handle, i.e. predisposed with the spout 7 facing upwards. This maybe achieved by configuring the appliance Id so that its centre of gravity is substantially towards the handle 7.

[187] As previously mentioned, in the tipped positions the spout aperture valve 93 remains in the closed position. i.e. closing off the aperture 698.

[188] As illustrated in the first tipped position of Figure l3yye, the spout 7 is facing upwardly towards the left with the valve 93 closed and the both apertures 632b and 632m are above the water level 225d in which case the apertures 632b and 632m act as a primary vent for the reservoir 5 as indicated by the arrow 634. Water is prevented from exiting the spout 7 as the valve 93 is closed and the aperture 632m is above the water level 225d. In addition, as previously described the steam valve assembly 640 is above the water level and so prevents water exiting the appliance Id via the steam tube 70.

[189] Each of the disclosed assemblies 635 and valves 640 may function independently or in conjunction with other spill inhibiting or venting/steam chamber arrangements.

However the applicant considers that the individual functions of each of spout assemblies 635vi to 635viii complement the steam valve assemblies 640vi to 64OviiL Thus, in combination, they provide the means for a user-operated fail safe spill inhibiting and venting means operable with a steam valve alTangement that automatically prevents liquid entering the steam tube 70 in a tipped position.

[190] As illustrated in the second tipped position of Figure l3yyf, the spout 7 is facing upwardly towards the right with the valve 93 closed and the both apertures 632a and 632m are above the water level 225d in which case the apertures 632a and 632m act as a primary vent for the reservoir 5 as indicated by the arrow 634. Water is prevented from exiting the spout 7 as the valve 93 is closed and the aperture 632m is above the water level 225d. In addition, as previously described the steam valve assembly 640 is below the water level 225d and valve (not shown) doses off the steam valve assembly 640 to prevent the contents of the reservoir S entering the channel (not shown).However the appliance is inherently safe as the primary venting is provided by the spill inhibiting assembly 635.

[191] Figure l3yyg is a preferred embodiment of the appliance lc in an upright position comprising the spill inhibiting means 635vii of Figures l3yxa to l3yxd and the steam valve assembly 640vi of Figures i3ywh to l3yws.

[192] As illustrated the spill inhibiting means 625vii may be provided immediately behind the spout aperture 632g so that the corresponding apertures 698 and 632g are fluidly connected. The channel 682 may be closed off by the inner wall of the reservoir the said channel 682 may faces downwardly towards the reservoir 5 so that any liquid entering the chamber 682 in the tipped position may drain at least through the aperture 632a when the appliance ld is upnght. A slot 632o may communicate between the channel 682 and the spout aperture 632g to form an aperture 632m and so the reservoir 5 can communicate (vent) to atmosphere through at least the apertures 632a. 632m. As illustrated the user operated valve 93 is in its default closed position.

[193] The steam valxe assembly 640vi provides access for steam to enter the steam tube in an upright position and prevents Uquid entering the steam tube in a tipped position.

[194] In al cases, the figures are schematic and the sizes and dimensions of, for examp'e, the vents, apertures, inlets and outlets will need to be determined according to the requirements of the appliance.

Alternative Embodiments [1951 Each of the previously described embodiments may include an alarm to warn the user that the vessel body i has tipped over. In its simplest form this alarm may cooperate mechanically with the steam valve assembly 640, such as a bell. Alternatively, the alarm may be an electronic or electromechanical warning system triggered by a valve mechanism or a tilt switch and powered by a rechargeable battery, capacitor, thermocouple or preferably a green' power source, for examp'e, a photovoltaic cdl.

[196] Alternatively or additionally, each of the previously described embodiments may include, for example. a tilt switch that disconnects power to the heater 12 andlor other electncally powered components when the appliance I is tipped over.

[197] Any of the previously described flow management means and pressure relief means may be provided to the appliance manufacturer as discrete components and fixed into the appliance I as part of the assembly procedure.

[1981 In further embodiments, not shown, the flow management means and pressure relief means may be provided with fixing or fitting means, such as threads, flanges, bayonet fits or the like, so that they can be easily installed by the appliance manufacturer in the appliance. In further embodiments the flow management means and pressure relief means may be supplied to the appliance manufacturer as part of other functional parts of the appliance, for examp'e, the spout, lid, actuator, handle or steam control.

[199] In further embodiments the flow management means and pressure relief means may include a bimetal or other actuator so that the function is dependent upon temperature.

[200] In further embodiments other parts of the appliance such as the handle, sub base or the void between the outer and inner walls may be used as means to acts as a buffer' or overflow' area for liquid or vapour that wou'd otherwise be expelled from the spout.

[201] In some embodiments the spill inhibiting means may not function fully until, for example. the appliance i has reached a stable state. In these embodiments it is preferable that the flow rate through the spout 7 or manifold 635 may be restricted or controlled, for example by selecting the size of the apertures 632, to a suitable maximum flow rate for normal use so that any spillage in the tipped position may be limited to the same maximum flow rate prior to the spill inhibiting means becoming functional.

[202] Advantageously, either or both of the spill inhibiting means 635 and/or 640 may be provided within the reservoir 5 to reduce the overall height of the appliance in comparison to the prior art appliances in which the spill inhibiting features are in the lid 8, so that the packaging and shipping costs may be reduced.

[203] In at least some embodiments, the over-boil that occurs after power to the appliance has been switched off can be reduced by the use of low mass elements, for example, thick film or pnnted elements.

[204] At least some aspects of the invention are applicable to vessels that do not indude a heating function, as it is advantageous to avoid accidental spillage of liquids in general. not just heated liquids.

[205] In all cases the diagrams are schematic and the sizes and dimensions of. for example. the vents, apertures, inlets and outlets will need to be determined according to the requirements of the appliance.

Reduced Headroom Water Heating Appliance [206] In water heating appliances, for example ketdes, it is preferable that water does not spit or is not ejected from the spout during the heating process. Typically, the water is most likely to be ejected or spit from the spout after the water has reached boiling, when the movement of the water can be described as turbulent. Typically, the longer the water boils, the more aggressive the turbulence and the more likely that the water will be ejected or spit from the spout. Typically, a higher power heating element results in a more aggressive turbulence.

[207] It is known to add flaps or other means to the spout to help reduce water being ejected or spitting during the heating process. However, a flap or other means may require moving parts and this adds complexity to the assembly. Typically, the moving parts may require some form of user interaction so the appliance can be filled through, or emptied out of, the spout, for example, as disclosed in GB-A-952689.

[208] It is known to provide a baffle in the area of the spout to prevent water being ejected or spitting dunng the heating process. Typically, these baffles are provided to act as a barrier behind the spout. However the problem with such arrangement is that baffle may oniy provide a barrier if the turbulent water travels towards and/or hits the baffle face on.

In sonic kettles, the turbulent water may boil aggressively and travel in all directions, i.e. omnidirectional. In such case, the baffle may not fully effective in preventing water being ejected or spitting during the heating process. as the turbu'ent water may bypass the baffle via gaps between the baffle and the ketfie body.

[209] For illustrative and clarity purposes, non-essential components are omitted from the figures.

[210] Figure 49ze illustrates a prior art appliance Ia, as disclosed in the applicant's patent publication WO-Al-2012/085602, in which a contoured baffle 730 is provided in the reservoir S of the appliance Ia to divert turb&ent water away from the spout 7 and towards the back of the appliance la. In this prior art arrangement a gap may be provided between the upper end of the baffle 730a and lid 8 for the excess steam to escape out of the reservoir S when the water is heated.

[211] The prior art arrangement of Figure 49ze may also rely on the combination of the contoured baffle 730 and heat distribution means 741, 742 in order to contribute towards the management of water turbulence in the liquid heating appliance I a.

[212] It is also known to provide headroom' above the water level so that space is provided between the water level and the spout to contain the turbulence of the boiling water and so help reduce water being ejected or spitting during the heating process. The higher the heating power of the kettle the larger the headroom required in order to contain the more aggressive turbulence. Typically, the headroom provided in a 3kw 1.7 litre kettle may account for up to 30% of the volume of the reservoir, which adds to both the material costs in the manufacture of the appliance and also to the shipping and transport costs.

[213] For example, in a typical 3kw 1.7 Utre kettle, with parallel sides, the headroom takes up approximately 47 mm in height and in a similar 3kw 1.7 litre conical kettle the headroom takes up approximately 64 mm.

[214] The following description discloses means to reduce the headroom required in a Uquid heating appliance. In one specific embodiment, the headroom may be reduced by approximately 11.5 mm in a conical kettle and 8.5 mm in a parallel sided ketfie without the need for a user operated or automatic spout flap.

[215] This reduction in height may reduce the amount of material used and the size and volume of the packaging. Based on typical packaging sizes it has been estimated that reducing the height of the appliance by between 8.5 and 11.5 mm may reduce the volume of the packaging by a further 3 to 4%.

[216] lii addition, the reduction in height of the appliance will also correspond to a reduction in the volume of the headroom. Consequently, this may also reduce the time taken for the steam generated by the boiling water to fill the headroom 222, and may result in a quicker response and/or activation of the steam sensitive control switch to cut power being supplied to the heating plate 12. Accordingly, this may reduce the energy consumption of the appliance 1.

[217] Cutting off the power earlier may also reduce after boil' (where the residual heat of the element continues to boil the water after the power is disconnected) and so further reduce the opportunity for water to be ejected or spitting from the spout.

[218] Th addition, the present embodiment provides an arrangement whereby the operation and/or function of the baffle is not affected by the heat distribLition of the heating dement plate.

[219] Figure 49zo illustrates a first embodiment of a reduced headroom appliance lb in which a baffle 730a is provided in the reservoir S of the appliance lb. The reservoir S may include an aperture 632g towards the front so that the reservoir 5 may be in liquid communication with the spout 7. As illustrated, the baffle 730a is positioned behind the aperture 632g and spout 7 so that the baffle 730a acts as a barrier to prevent turbulent water spitting out of the spout 7 during boiling. This control of the turbulence provides the opportunity to reduce the headroom 222 above the water level 225.

[220] The appliance lb comprises the aforementioned baffle 730a and spout 7 along with a Ud 8 and a sheathed heating element 39 attached to a heating plate 12 that forms the base of the reservoir S. There may also be provided a filter 740, steam tube 70, a steam actuated control 60 and a dry boil control (not shown). A steam guide 599 may be provided to fluidly connect the steam tube 70 to the steam control 60. The steam guide 599 may be a separate component or may be formed as a part of the steam tube 70 or the steam actuated control 60. Tn other embodiments, the steam actuated control 60 may be provided in a handle 9. Additionally or alternatively, other control means, for example, an electronic control (not shown), may be provided.

[221] A portion of the aperture 20 at the top of the reservoir 5 may be provided with a peripheral downward facing flange 743 and the lid 8 may interface with this flange 743. As illustrated in Figure 49zo. the lid 8 has a double wall, wherein its thwer wall interfaces with the flange 743.

[222] As illustrated, the baffle 730a is located behind the spout 7 and at least one aperture 737 may be provided in the baffle 730a to enable water to flow out of the baffle 730a when pouring from or filling the reservoir 5, which will be described in more detail below'. Unlike the applicant's previously disclosed invention in WO-Al-20i2/085602.

there may be no gap provided between the upper end of the baffle 730a and lid 8 for the excess steam or steam exhaust to escape out of the reservoir 5 when the water is heated.

Instead, the excess steam or steam exhaust 746 may escape out of the reservoirS via said at least one aperture 737, which will be described in more detail below. For clarity and illustrative purposes, the filter 740 is not shown in Figures 49zo to 49zt.

[223] As illustrated in Figures 49zo and 49zp, the baffle 730a may be provided with a first surface 765 for deflecting and/or diverting the aggressive turbulence 735 of the boiling water towards the back of the reservoir 5.

[224] As illustrated in Figure 49ze. the deflecting surface 765 is substantially inclined in form. In other embodiments (not shown) the first surface 765 may be, for example, arcuate.

or vertical.

[225] Figure 49zp illustrates the baffle 730a from the front (spout) direction. The baffle 730a may comprise a second surface 747 extending therefrom that abuts and/or seals against an inner wall 5a at the front of the reservoir 5. Preferably, the second surface 747 mirrors andlor follows the contour of the inner wall Sa at the front of the reservoir S such that the second surface 747 deflects and/or diverts aggressive turbulence 735 of the boiling water away from gaps between the inner wall 5a and the deflecting surface 765 and/or baffle 730a. which will be described in more detail below.

[226] A third surface 748 may be provided on an upper portion of the baffle 730a that abuts and/or seals against the peripheral downward facing flange 743 for further deflecting and/or diverting the aggressive turbulence 735 of the boiling water away from gaps between the downward facing flange 743 and the deflecting surface 765 andlor baffle 730a.

[227] Alternatively, the third surface 748 may abut and/or seal against a portion of the Ud 8. In which case, the third surface 748 may deflect and/or divert the aggressive turbulence 735 of the boiling water away from gaps between the Ud 8 and the deflecting surface 765 and/or baffle 730a.

[228] As illustrated, the second surface 747 may extend substantially around and/or along the periphery of the baffle 730a, such that the third surface 748 may be formed on the upper portion of the second surface 747. The second and third surfaces 747, 748 of the baffle 730a may be provided with flanges said 749a, 749b, which will be described in more detail below.

[229] As illustrated in Figure 49zo, the third surface 748 is substantially horizontal in form. In other embodiments (not shown) the third surface 748 may be, for example.

contoured, inclined or verticaL [230] As illustrated in Figure 49zo, the combination of the second and third mating surfaces 747, 748 provides a bather between the spout 7 and the reservoir 5 so that water may only flow through the baffle 730a via the aperture 737 for example when pouring from or filling the reservoir 5, Likewise, the apertures 737 allow excess steam or steam exhaust 746 to escape out of the reservoirS during the heating process.

[231] In an alternative embodiment, the third surface 748 of the baffle 730a may be a separate and/or discrete component from the second surface 747 of the baffle 730a. For example. the third surface 748 may be formed or secured to the lid 8 or peripheral flange 743, and the second surface 747 and the lower part of the baffle 730a may be secured to the reservoir 5. The third surface 748 may be arranged inwardly or outwardly from the lower part of the baffle 730a, provided that the arrangement inhibits or prevents liquid from being ejected from the spout 7.

[232] As illustrated in Figure 49zo, the lower end of the baffle 730a may extend downwardly beyond the lower end of the spout 7 and may extend below the maximum water level 225 of the reduced headroom appliance lb. Furthermore, the apertures 737 may be positioned above the maximum water level 225 to prevent and/or limit the turbulent water 735 passing therethrough during the heating process.

[233] Advantageously, in the present arrangement, the function of the baffle 730a is not affected by the orientation of a hot zone 741 of the heating plate 12 and so can be implemented across a range of existing appliance types without the need to amend the element configuration.

[234] The present invention is also equally applicable to alternative heating arrangements, for example. thick film elements, induction heating elements and/or diecast heating elements.

[235] A peripheral flange 743 may be provided around the perimeter of the aperture 20 to trap any upward moving turbulence liquid that may otherwise be ejected in the area or interface of the lid 8 and aperture 20 and may assist in preventing any upward movement of the turbulence forcing the lid 8 to open.

[236] Figures 49zp to 49zr illustrate that the two apertures 737 may be provided on either side of the deflecting surface 765 of the baffle 730a. The apertures 737 fluidly connect the reservoir 5 to the spout 7 to enable water to flow through the baffle 730a when pouring from the reservoir 5. as indicated by arrows 739. The same apertures 737 may be used for filling the reservoir 5 via the spout 7 and allow excess steam or steam exhaust 746 to escape out of the reservoirS during the heating process, as described above.

[237] As illustrated in Figure 49zq, the baffle 730a may be wider than the opening of the spout 7 such that the apertures 737 may be located at an offset position to the spout 7 and/or aperture 632g so any water ejected through the aperture 737 will hit the inner wall Sa of the reservoir 5 and be directed horizontally across the baffle 730a and so help prevent the turbirlent water being ejected or spitting from the spout 7 via the apertures 737 during the heating process. During use, the apertures 737 are not in direct line of sight with the spout 7 and/or aperture 632g.

[238] Figures 49zqa and 49zqb schematically illustrate the baffle 730a superimposed in front of the spout 7 of the appliance lb. Figure 49qzc schematically illustrates a plan view section through the appliance lb with the baffle 730a.

[239] As illustrated, the apertures 737 of the baffle 730a are positioned on each side of the spout aperture 632g at an offset position, such that the spout aperture 632g may not be direct line of sight with the apertures 737, for example the user may not be able to view the interior of the appliance lb when looking through the spout 7. Dimension A defines a minimum offset distance between the end of the aperture 737 and the end of the spout aperture 632g. The minimal offset distance Dimension A may be determined by the width of the spout 632g. Furthermore, the inventors have discovered that the Dimension A with a range between 6mm to 10mm may be suitable to work on a wide range of the spout aperture widths whilst simultaneously prevents the turbulent water spitting out of the spout 7, for example, the Dimension A of 8mm may be suitable work on spout aperture widths ranging between 20mm to 70mm.

[240] Dimension B defines a minimum width of the aperture 732 for allowing a sufficient area in which steam can escape and water to be filled or poured out therethrough, without: a. creating back pressure in the reservoir that may force the turbulent water to spit out of the spout 7; and b. impeding the flow of water, when the appliance lb is tilted in apouring position or when the appliance is being filled.

[241] The inventors have discovered that the Dimension B with a range between 6mm to 10mm may be suitable to work on a wide range of appliances. Furthermore, it is also discovered that a minimum of area of aperture 737 with a range between 120mm2 to 200mm2 provides a sufficient area in which steam can escape and water to be poured out therethrough.

1 0 [242] Dimension C is the minimum distance between the upper end of the aperture 737 and the upper end of the spout aperture 632g, which may define a deflecting portion 766 above the aperture 737 for further deflecting the turbulent water away from the spout 7.

The inventors have discovered that the Dimension C with a range between 0mm to 14mm may be sufficient to deflect the turbulent water away from the spout 7.

[243] In all cases, the figures are schematic and the sizes and dimensions of, for example, the vents, apertures, inlets and outlets will need to be determined according to the requirements of the appliance [244] In an alternative embodiment as illustrated in Figure 49zqb. the aperture 737 may be extended upwardly, in which case the deflecting portion 766a may be provided in inner wall of the reservoir directly above the spout aperture 632g. As illustrated, the Dimension D is the minimum distance between the upper end of the aperture 737 and the upper end of the spout aperture 632g.

[245] As illustrated in Figure 49zqc, the second surface 747 abuts and/or seals against the inner wall 5a at the front of the reservoir 5 and deflects turbulent water 735a generated at the side of the reservoir 5. As illustrated by the dash-dot line, the steam 746 illustrates the tortuous path for the steam to be vented. It can be envisaged that the same tortuous path 746 may be used for filling or emptying of the appliance lb. [246] The baffle 730a may be provided as a separate and/or discrete removable component that is removably secured to at least the body or the lid 5 of the appliance lb. Alternatively, the baffle 730a may be pivotally connected to the body or to the lid 5 of the appliance lb by a hinge provided on the baffle 730a, whereby, for example the baffle 730a may be formed as a single moulding together with at least the body or the lid S of the appliance Ib, which will be described in more detail below.

[247] As illustrated in Figures 49zs and 49zt a tab 734 may be provided that projects from the inner wall of the appliance lb near the lower end of the aperture 632g to act on and to support and secure the baffle 730a, [248] The second and third surfaces 747, 748 of the baffle 730a may be provided with flanges 749a, 749b respectively for mutually engaging with the tab 734 and peripheral downward facing flange 743 in order to secure the bafile 730a within the reservoir 5 of the appliance lb. Alternatively, other known means such as snap-fittings, screws, friction-fittings andlor clamping is provided to removably secure the baffle 730a to the appliance lb. [249] Figures 49zu and 49zv detail rear perspective views of the baffle 730a including a removable filter 740 in preassembled and assembled states. A baffle 730a may be provided with a channel 760 for receiving the filter 740. The filter 740 may comprise a frame 657 and/or series of ribs 762 to form at east one aperture 737a. The frame 657 and/or ribs 762 may act as a support for the filter mesh (not shown). The aperture(s) 737a are positioned in fine with the apertures 737 of the baffle 730a to provide a direct path for the water flow.

However limiting the surface area of the filter 740 may cause the filter mesh 652 to block too quickly, particularly in hard water areas, in which case it is preferred to increase the size of the filter 740 in relation to the apertures 737.

[250] As illustrated at least one additional aperture 737b may be provided in the filter 740 to increase the surface area of the mesh 652. In which case, in order to provide a suitable gap between the baffle 730a and the filter 740, the support channel 760 may be substantially positioned apart from the deflecting surface 765 and apertures 737 by an abutment surface 761 extending therefrom. So that, when assembled, the filter 740 is positioned away from the baffle 730a to enable water to flow through central area of the filter 740 towards the apertures 730a.

[251] A series of location andJor anchoring features 763a a may be provided on andlor around the baffle 730a for removably securing the filter 740 to the channel 760 of the baffle 730a.

[252] The upper portion of the filter 740 may be provided with a flange 749c to aid the user in removing the filter 740 from the baffle 730a for cleaning purposes. As illustrated, the flange 749c may extend inwardly and away from the spout 7, and the flange 749c may assist in deflecting the turbulent water back into the reservoirS.

[253] Figure 49zw illustrates the appliance lb of Figure 49zt in an assembled state with the filter 740. As described above, the baffle 730a may be provided with said location and/or anchoring features 763a for removably securing the filter 740 to the baffle 730a.

Alternatively, the lid (not shown) and/or spout 7 and/or reservoir S and/or flange 743 may be provided with location and/or anchoring features for removably securing the filter 740 to the appliance lb. [254] In further embodiments separate removable filters may be provided to each of the apertures 737. In further alternative embodiments, the screen mesh may be supported andlor applied directly to the baffle 730a.

[255] Figure 49zx illustrates an alternative embodiment where the baffle 730a may be further provided with slots 745 and thuvres 731. As illustrated the louvres 731 may extend outwardly and downwardly from the baffle 730a. The slots 745 allow the flow of fluid 739c through the baffle 730a during pouring and filling and the louvres 731 will help prevent water being ejected or spitting out of the spout 7 during the heating process.

Altemativ&y, the louvres 731 may extend inwardly and/or upwardly, or in other directions, to prevent turbulent water being ejected or spitting from the spout 7 during the heating process. As previously described apertures 737 may also be provided for the filling of and pounng from the reservoir 5.

[256] In the case that a steam tube 70 is provided to guide steam to a steam switch (not shown) of the controfler 60. it is preferred that the aperture for the steam tube 70 is protected from water entenng. For example, as illustrated in Figure 49zo, the aperture for the steam tube 70 is shielded at the front and access provided between the back of the steam tube 70 and the reservoir wall by a steam tube cap 101. Alternatively the steam tube may terminate within the peripheral flange 743 (not shown).

[257] As illustrated in Figures 49zs, 49zt and 49zw, the steam tube cap 101 may be moulded or formed as a part of the peripheral flange 743 or the body of the appliance lb and pivotafly connected thereto by for example a hinge on at east on side of the steam cap 101 and folded into position during assembly.

[258] Figures 49zy to 49zza schematically illustrate three stages in assembling and securing the steam tube 70 into the steam cap 101. For clarity and illustrative purposes, Figures 49zy to 49zza illustrate cross sections of the appliance Ib, and non-essential components are removed from the figures.

[259] Figure 49zy illustrates the first stage of assembly. The steam cap 101 may comprise front, side and back walls 764a, 764b, 764c and a lower wall 764d pivotally connected to the front wall 764a by said hinge 732 which may be formed as one continuous hinge 732 or, for example, a series of webs (not shown) that form a hinge 732.

The back wall 764c may comprise a tab 734 extending therefrom for mutually engaging an aperture 733a provided in the lower wall 764d, The lower wall 764d may further comprise a steam tube aperture 733b, which will be described in more detail below.

[260] Figure 49zz illustrates the second stage of assembly, wherein the lower wall 764d is folded into position and secured to the tab 734 to form a steam chamber i 16. At least one aperture 632c may be provided in the steam cap lOl to allow steam to be in fluid communication with the steam tube 70.

[261] Figure 49zza illustrates the final stage of assembly, wherein the steam tube 70 is inserted through the aperture 733b. It is preferred that the aperture of the steam tube 70 resides in the upper portion of the steam cap 101 abutting against at east one location andior anchoring feature 763b. As illustrated, the front, side, back and lower walls 764a, 764b, 764c, 764d may act to prevent turbulent liquid 735 entering into the steam chamber 116 and/or into the steam tube 70. As previously described hereinabove, the steam tube 70 may be in fluid communication with the steam control via said at least one aperture 632c provided in the thwer portion of the steam cap 101, as indicated by line 72. Furthermore, it can be envisaged that the steam tube 70 may further relieve the build-up of excess steam pressure.

[262] In a further alternative the steam tube cap 101 may be a separate component removably/permanently secured to the peripheral flange 743 or to the aperture of the steam tube 70 by known methods such as gluing, fusion bonding, snap-fittings, screws, friction-fittings and/or clamping.

[2631 Whilst the figures illustrate the aperture of the steam tube 70 as straight, in further embodiments the aperture of the steam tube 70 may angled towards the handle 9, i.e. away from the direction of the aggressive turbulence 735 to prevent the turbulence liquid 735 entering the steam tube 70.

[264] Tn a further embodiment, as illustrated in Figure 49zzb, a steam path moulding 100 may be provided in the lid 8 which communicates with the steam tube 70 and steam control (not shown) and an aperture 86 may be provided in the lid 8 for access for the steam 72. As illustrated, the aperture 86 in the lid 8 may be positioned behind the baffle 730a, and a louvre 731 may be provided above or below the aperture 86 to prevent turbulent water, deflected by the baffle 730a, entenng the aperture 86.

[265] Tn another embodiment (not shown), the aperture may be provided towards the front part of the lid (as disclosed for example in the applicant's granted patent GB-B- 2332095) for access for the steam. In this embodiment, aperture for the steam path in the lid may be positioned between the baffle and the spout so that turbulence is prevented from entering the aperture.

[266] The steam path moulding 100 may be formed as a single moulding together with the body of the lid 8. Alternatively, the steam path moulding 100 may be a separate component removably/permanently secured to the lid 8 by known methods such as gluing, fusion bonding, snap-fittings, screws, friction-fittings and/or clamping.

[267] In each of the embodiments in which a steam path moulding 100 is provided in the lid 8, a gradient or incline may be provided in the moulding 100 so that any liquid entering the steam path moulding 100 will meet with some resistance and then drain back into the reservoirS by gravity.

[268] As illustrated, the substantially vertical steam tube 70 may be provided with a lip 70a above the bottom level of the steam path moulding 100 to help prevent any liquid that may be present in the steam path moulding 100 entering the steam tube 70.

[269] In further embodiments, for example as described in the applicants granted patent GB-B-2332095, the steam tube 70 may be formed as part of the reservoir 5 or as part of the handle 9.

[270] Figures 49zzc to 49zzh schematically illustrate a further embodiment of the baffle 730b, whereby the baffle 730b may be formed as a single moulding together with the body of the appliance ic.

[271] Figures 49zzc, 49zze and 49zzg illustrate schematic cutaway isometric views of the appliance Ic in the pre-assembled, first assembly and assembled states, and Figures 49zzd, 49zzf and 49zzh illustrate schematic cutaway side views of the appliance lc in the pre-assembled, first assembly and assembled states. For clarity and illustrative purposes, non-essential components are removed from the figures, and only the baffle 730b is shown as not sectioned in Figures 49zzc, 49zze and 49zzg.

[272] As illustrated, the baffle 730b may be pivotally connected to the aperture 743 of the appliance Ic by at least one hinge 732 that may be provided on at least the third surface 748 of the baffle 730b. The lower end of the baffle 730b may be provided with a flange 749b for mutually engaging with a tab 734 that projects from the inner wall of the appliance la.

[273] Figures 49zze and 49zzf illustrate the appliance in the first assembly state, in which at least one location feature 794 may be provided in the body of the appliance ic for mutually engaging with an aperture 793 provided in the third surface 748 of the baffle 730b. During assemNy, it can be envisaged that during assembly the location feature may provide at least lateral and/or horizontal support for the baffle 73Gb.

[274] Figures 49zzg and 49zzh illustrate the appfiance Ic in the assembled state in which at least the flange 749c, location feature(s) 794 andlor hinge(s) 732 acts to support the baffle 73Gb in a stable position.

[275] Although Figures 49zzc to 49zzh illustrate that the baffle 73Gb is pivotally connected to the aperture 743 of the appliance ic by one hinge 732 that is provided on the third surface 748 of the baffle 73Gb, it can be envisaged that a plurality of hinges may be employed to allow the baffle 73Gb to be pivotally connected to any portion of the appliance Ic without departing from the scope of the invention.

[276] The provision of each of, or a combination of, the disclosed baffle 730a, 73Gb, penpheral flange 743 and control of water flow across the apertures 737 contribute towards the management of water turbulence in liquid heating appliances lb without the need for moving parts or user interaction, thus allowing the reduction in height of the previously described 1.7 litre 3kw water heating appliance by between 6.5 and II mm and a reduction in the volume of the packaging by between 3 and 11%, for example Further Embodiments [277] It is evident that the full scope and combination of embodiments is extensive; however it is envisaged that the skilled person, having read the description herein, will be able to transfer solutions between the embodiments to meet the specific problems of individual appliances within the scope of the present invention.

[278] The embodiments described above are illustrative of rather than limiting to the present invention. Alternative embodiments apparent on reading the above description may nevertheless fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (50)

1. CLAIMS: 1. A liquid heating appliance (Ib) comprising a liquid reservoir (5), a heater (12) for heating liquid in the reservoir (5) and a spout C) for dispensing liquid from the reservoir (5), the appliance (lb) further comprising a baffle (730a, 730b), located behind the spout (7), for inhibiting or preventing turbulent Uquid (735) from spitting and/or ejecting through the spout (7) dunng heating, wherein the baffle (730a, 73Db) comprises: a. a first surface (765) for deflecting the turbulent liquid away from the spout (7); and b. a second surface (747) that extends substantially around and/or along at least the lower periphery of the first surface (765) , whereby the second surface (747) abuts and/or seals against an inner wall at the front of the liquid reservoir (5).
2. 2. The liquid heating appliance of claim I. wherein the second surface (747) minors and/or follows the contour of the inner wall of the liquid reservoir (5), such that the second surface (747) deflects and/or diverts the turbulence liquid (735) away from gaps between the inner wall (5a) and the first surface (765).
3. 3. The liquid heating appliance of claim 1 or 2, wherein the second surface (747) extends substantially around and/or along the first surface (765)
4. 4. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims I to 3, wherein the baffle (730a.

   73Db) further comprises a third surface (748) for abutting and/or sealing against a portion of the appliance or a lid (8), such that the third surface (748) deflects and/or diverts the turbulent liquid (735) away from gaps between the portion of the appliance or lid (8) and the first surface (765) and/or baffle (730a. 73Db).
5. 5. The liquid heating appliance of claim 4, wherein the third surface (748) is provided on an upper portion of the baffle (730a, 73Db).
6. 6. The liquid heating appliance of claim 4 or 5, wherein the third surface (748) is formed from an upper portion of the second surface (747)
7. 7. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims Ito 7, wherein said first surface (765) further comprises at least one aperture (737), whereby the at least one aperture (737) provides means for pouring from or filling of the reservoir (5) and means for excess steam to escape (746) out of the reservoir (5) during the heating process.
8. 8. A liquid heating appliance (Ib) comprising a liquid reservoir (5). a heater (12) for heating liquid in the reservoir (5) and a spout (7) for dispensing liquid from the reservoir (5), the appliance (Ib) further comprising a baffle (730a, 730b). thcated behind the spout 7), for inhibiting or preventing turbulent liquid 735) from spitting andlor ejecting through the spout 7) during heating, wherein the baffle (730a, 73Db) comprises a first surface (735) for deflecting the turbulent liquid (735) towards the back of the reservoir (5) of the appliance (Ib) and at least one aperture (737) is provided in said first surface (1765), whereby the at least one aperture (737) provides means for pouring from or filling of the reservoir (5) and means for excess steam or steam exhaust to escape (746) out of the reservoir (5) during the heating process.
9. 9. The liquid heating appliance of daim 8, wherein said baffle (730a. 73Db) further comprises a second surface (1747) that extends substantially around andlor along at least the lower periphery of the first surface (765), whereby the second surface (747) abuts and/or seals against an inner wall at the front of the liquid reservoir (5).
10. 10. The liquid heating appliance of claim 9. wherein the second surface (747) mirrors and/or foflows the contour of the inner wall of the liquid reservoir (5), such that the second surface (747) deflects andior diverts the turbulence liquid (735) away from gaps between the inner wall (Sa) and the first surface (765).
11. 11. The liquid heating appliance of claim 9 or 10. wherein the second surface (747) extends substantially around and/or along the first surface (765).
12. 12. The liquid heating appliance of claim 10 or 11, wherein the baffle (730a, 73Db) further comprises a third surface (748) for abutting and/or sealing against a portion of the appliance or a lid (8), such that the third surface (748) deflects andlor diverts the turbulence liquid (735) away from gaps between the portion of the appliance or lid (8) and the first surface (765) and/or baffle (730a. 73Db).
13. 13. The liquid heating appliance of claim 12, wherein the third surface (748) is provided on all upper portion of the baffle (730a, 73Db).
14. 14. The liquid heating appliance of claim 12 or 13, wherein the third surface (748) is formed from an upper portion of the second surface (747).
15. 15. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims 7 to 14, wherein the at least one aperture (737) is located at an offset position to the spout (7).
16. 16. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims 7 to 15, wherein the baffle (730a.73Db) is wider than the opening of the spout (7) so that any Uquid ejected through the at least one aperture (737) is directed away from an exit aperture (632g) of the spout (7).
17. 17. The Uquid heating appliance of any one of daims 7 to 16, wherein the baffle (730a, 73Db) comprises at least two apertures.
18. 18. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims 7 to 17, wherein each aperture (737) is positioned above the maximum water level (225) to prevent andlor limit the turbulent water (735) passing therethrough during the heating process.
19. 19. The liquid heating appliance of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first surface (765) is formed from one of or a combination of an arcuate, inclined or vertical surface.
20. 20. The liquid heating appliance of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a peripheral flange (743) provided substantially around the perimeter of an upper aperture (20) of the appliance (Ib) to trap any upward moving turbu'ent liquid that may otherwise be ejected in the area or interface between a lid (5) of the appliance (Ib) and the upper aperture (20).
21. 21. The liquid heating appliance of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the baffle (730a, 73Db) has a lower end that extends downwardly beyond a lower end of the spout 97) and Mow the maximum liquid level of the appliance (225).
22. 22. The liquid heating appliance of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the baffle (730a) is a separate and/or discrete component that is removably secured to at least the body or the lid(S) of the appliance(lb).
23. 23. The liquid heating appliance of claim 22, wherein snap-fittings. screws, friction-fittings andlor clamping is provided to removably secure the baffle (730a) to the appliance (ib).
24. 24. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims Ito 21, wherein the baffle (730b) is formed as a single moulding together with at least the body and/or the lid (5) of the appliance (Ib).
25. 25. The liquid heating appliance of claim 24, wherein the baffle (730b) is pivotally connected to at least the body and/or lid (5) of the appliance (lb).
26. 26. The liquid heating appliance of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the baffle (730a, 730b) comprises a channel (760) for receiving a filter (740).
27. 27. The liquid heating appliance of claim 26, wherein the cross-sectional area of the filter (740) is larger than the cross-sectional area of each aperture (737).
28. 28. The liquid heating appliance of claim 26 or 27, wherein the baffle (730a, 730b) comprises a series of location and/or anchoring features (763a) for removably securing the filter (740) to the channel (760)
29. 29. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein the channel (760) is substantially positioned away from the first surface (765) and each aperture (737) by an abutment surface (761) extending therefrom, such that when assembled the filter (740) is positioned away from the baffle (730a, 73Db) to enable water to flow through a larger surface area of the filter 740).
30. 30. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims 26 to 29, wherein the filter (740) comprises a frame (657) with a series of support ribs (762) for a screen mesh filter.
31. 31. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims 26 to 30, wherein an upper portion of the filter (740) is provided with a flange (749c) to aid the removal of the filter (740) from the baffle (730a. 730b).
32. 32. The liquid heating appliance of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the baffle (730a, 730b) further comprises at least one slot (745) and a corresponding louvre (731), in which the at least one slot (745) allows the flow of liquid through the baffle (730a, 730b) during pouring and/or filling and the louvre (731) prevents the liquid being ejected or spitting out of the spout (7) dunng the heating process.
33. 33. The liquid heating appliance of any one of the preceding claims, in which the appliance (Ib) is a water heating appliance.
34. 34. The liquid heating appliance of claim 33, further comprising a steam tube (70) or steam path (100) fluidly connected to a steam switch.
35. 35. The liquid heating appliance of claim 34, wherein the steam tube (70) or steam path (100) comprises an aperture that is shielded from the path of aggressive turbulence of the water.
36. 36. The liquid heating appliance of claim 35, wherein a steam tube cap (101) is provided to shield the aperture from the path of aggressive turbulence of the water.
37. 37. The liquid heating appliance of claim 36. wherein the steam tube cap (101) is moulded or formed as a part of the peripheral flange (743) or the body of the appliance (ib).
38. 38. The liquid heating appliance of claim 37, wherein the steam tube cap (101) is pivotally connected to the peripheral flange (743) or the body of the appliance (Ib) by a hinge (732).
39. 39. The liquid heating appliance of claim 36, wherein the steam tube cap (101) is a separate component removably/permanently secured to the peripheral flange (743) or to the aperture of the steam tube (70).
40. 40. The liquid heating appliance of claim 34 or 35, wherein the aperture of the steam tube (70) or steam path (100) path terminates within the peripheral flange.
41. 41. The liquid heating appliance of claim 34 or 35, wherein the steam tube (70) or steam path (100) is provided within the lid (5) of the appliance (lb).
42. 42. The liquid heating appliance of claim 41, wherein the aperture of the steam tube (70) or steam path (100) is positioned behind the baffle (730a, 730b).
43. 43. The liquid heating appliance of c'aim 41, wherein the aperture of the steam tube (70) or steam path (100) is provided between the baffle (730a. 73Db) and the spout (7).
44. 44. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims 41 to 43, wherein the steam tube (70) or steam path (100) is inclined so as to drain any liquid within the steam tube (70) or steam path (100) back into the reservoir (5) by gravity.
45. 45. The liquid heating appliance of any one of claims 41 to 43, wherein the aperture of the steam tube (70) or steam path (100) comprises a louvre (731) to prevent water entering the aperture of the steam tube (70) or steam path (100).
46. 46. The liquid heating appliance of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the height of the appliance (ib) is reduced relative to the height of a conventional liquid heating appliance (I) having a similar reservoir capacity.
47. 47. The liquid heating appliance of claim 46, wherein the reduction in height of the appliance (ib) is between 6.5 and 11 mm.
48. 48. The liquid heating appliance of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the appliance (ib) is a kettle
49. 49. An appliance package having therein the liquid heating appliance of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the volume of the package is reduced relative to a package having therein a conventional liquid heating appliance having a similar reservoir capacity.
50. 50. The appliance packaging of claim 49, wherein the reduction in volume of the packaging isbetween3to 11%.Si. A liquid heating appliance substantially as herein described with reference to any one of Figures 49zo to 49zzh of the accompanying drawings.52. A steam valve assembly comprising a valve through which steam and/or vapour can pass during normal use, the valve being arranged to: a. close when the applhmce is tipped over on its side with the liquid level above the valve; and b. open when the appliance is tipped over on its side with the liquid level below the valve.53. The steam valve assembly of claim 52, further comprising a first body and a second body and a chamber therebetween, whereby the first body comprises at least one first aperture is in fluid communication with a steam and/or vapour inlet, and the second body comprises at least one second aperture is in fluid communication with a reservoir of the appliance, such that the reservoir is fluidly connected to the steam andJor vapour inlet via the chamber.54. The steam valve assembly of claim 53. wherein the steam and/or vapour inlet is in fluid communication with a steam switch.55. The steam valve assembly of claim 53 or 54. further comprising a member moveable under gravity within the chamber when the appliance is tipped to one side, so that the valve closes or opens.56. The steam valve assembly of claim 55, wherein the member is arranged to cooperate with said at east one aperture such that the valve is closed or opened when the appfiance is tipped on its side.57. The steam valve assembly of any one of claims 52 to 56. wherein the steam valve assembly is positioned to face downwardly at an angle towards the central axis of the appliance.58. The steam valve assembly of claim 57, wherein the range of the angle is between is between 15° to 75° to the horizontal axis of the appliance, and optionally the angle is 59. The steam valve assembly of any one of claims 52 to 58, wherein the steam valve assembly is offset to the vertical symmetrical plane of the appliance.60. The steam valve assembly of any one of claims 52 to 59, wherein the steam valve assembly is attached or removably secured to a lid, steam chamber, reservoir, steam tube and/or handle of the appliance.61. The steam valve assembly of any one of claims 52 to 59. wherein the steam valve assembly forms a part of a lid, steam chamber, reservoir, steam tube and/or handle of the appliance.62. A steam valve assembly substantially as herein described with reference to any one of Figures l3ywh to l3ywy and l3yye to l3yyg of the accompanying drawings.63. A liquid heating appliance comprising the steam valve assembly of any one of claims 52 to 61, wherein the liquid heating appliance further comprises at least a handle and a spout, and the steam valve assembly is angled away from the handle or angled away from the spout.64. A spill inhibiting apparatus comprising a first component and a second component.wherein: a. the first component comprises at least one channel for allowing venting of an appliance when the appliance is in its upright and normal position and when the appliance is tipped over to one side; and b. the second component comprises a valve arranged to allow liquid to pass therethrough for dispensing and/or filling of the appliance during normal use, but prevents liquid to pass therethrough when the appliance is tipped over to one side.65. The spill inhibiting apparatus of claim 64, wherein the first component and second component are integrated andlor assembled together to form a sub-assembly.66. The spill inhibiting apparatus of claim 64 or 65, wherein the second component is pivotally and/or hingedly mounted to the first component, or vice versa.67. The spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of claims 64 to 66, wherein the at least one channel further comprises: a. at least one first aperture or slot provided on the reservoir side of the appliance; and b. at least one second aperture or slot provided on the atmospheric side of the apph ance, whereby the reservoir of the appliance is fluidly connected to atmosphere via said channel.68. The spill inhibiting apparatus of claim 67, wherein the at least one second aperture is angled downwards to prevent liquids directly ejecting out of a spout and/or the at least one second aperture is angled away from a spout.69. The spifl inhibiting apparatus of claim 67 or 68, wherein the dimension or size of at least one first aperture and the at least one second aperture is selected to control, restrict andJor prevent liquids exiting the spout.70. The spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of claims 67 to 69, wherein the at least one channel comprises at least two first apertures. wherein each first aperture is located on opposite side of said at least one channel, whereby when the appliance is tipped over to one side at least one of the first aperture is above the liquid level.71. The spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of claims 67 to 70, wherein the at least one second aperture is positioned centrally on said at least one channel, whereby when the appfiance is tipped over to one side said at least one second aperture is above the liquid level.72. The spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of claims 67 to 71, wherein the at least one channel provides primary venting when the appliance is its upright and normal position and when the appliance is tipped over to one side.73. The spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of claims 64 to 72, wherein spill inhibiting apparatus is arranged between a spout aperture and the reservoir of the appfiance.74. The spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of claims 64 to 73, wherein the at least one channel compnses an open end, such when the open end seals andlor abut against an inner wall of the appliance, the at least one channel becomes a closed channel.75. The spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of claims 64 to 74, wherein the valve is closed in its default position.76. The spill inhibiting apparatus of claim 75, further comprising biasing means arranged to close off the valve in its default position.77. The spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of claims 64 to 76, wherein the valve is arranged to be operable by a user actuator.78. The spill inhibiting apparatus of claim 77, further comprising an actuator assembly provided between the valve and the user actuator, such that motion from the user actuator is transferred to the valve via the actuator assembly.79. The spill inhibiting apparatus of dairn 78, wherein a portion and/or part of the actuator assembly is located in a lid of the appliance.80. The spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of daims 64 to 79, wherein the spill inhibiting apparatus is attached or removably secured to a lid, steam chamber, reservoir, steam tube and/or handle of the appliance.81. The spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of claims 64 to 80, that foirns a part of a lid, steam chamber, reservoir, steam tube and/or handle of the appliance.82. A spill inhibiting apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to any one of Figures l3yxa to l3yyg of the accompanying drawings.83. A liquid heating appliance comprising the spill inhibiting apparatus of any one of claims 64 to 82, wherein the liquid heating appliance further comprises a handle substantially opposite the spout, wherein the centre of gravity of the appliance is located towards the hanWe, such that when the apphance is tipped over to one side the spout faces upwards.84. The liquid heating appliance of claim 83, further comprising a steam valve assembly of any one of claims 52 to62.85. The liquid heating appliance of claim 83 or 84, further comprises a lid having at least a peripheral resilient seal to seal against an opening of the appliance and so prevent liquids spifling from the appliance when tipped over.86. The liquid heating appliance of claim 85, wherein the lid comprises a locking mechanism for securing the lid to the appliance.87. A liquid heating appliance substantially as herein described with reference to my one of Figures l3ywh to l3yyg of the accompanying drawings.