GB2488204A - Heated liquid vessels and components - Google Patents

Abstract

A spill inhibiting system for a portable vessel 1 for containing heated liquid comprises at least two channels 641, 642 arranged such that when the vessel 1 is in an upright position at least one of the channels 641, 642 vents the vessel and when the vessel is tipped over, at least one of the channels 641, 642 vents the vessel whilst the flow of liquid from the vessel through the said channels is impeded. The spill inhibiting system may also comprise a manifold through which the vessel can be filled and liquid poured out and a steam chamber comprising an inlet aperture opening into the vessel and an outlet aperture for connection to a steam sensor, the steam chamber being arranged to impeded liquid flow through the outlet aperture when the vessel is tipped over.

Description

Heated Liquid Vessels and Components

Field of the Invention

[01] The present invention relates to vessels for heated liquid, such as electrical appliances, and components therefor. Some aspects of the invention are directed to liquid heating appliances with safety features to reduce or eliminate spillage if the appliance is accidentally tipped or knocked over.

Background of the Invention

[02] With electrical liquid heating appliances, there is a risk of spillage of hot liquid if the appliance is accidentally tipped or knocked over. Since the liquid may be at or close to boiling, such spillage can cause severe scalding to the user or bystanders.

[03] There have been many proposals in the state of the art to reduce or inhibit such spillage. These solutions are generally one of two types: automatic types in which liquid can only be poured out when the appliance is in a particular orientation, and manual types in which liquid can only be poured out when an interlock is manually released, each of which rely on either a user actuation and/or moving parts. The state of the art is mostly directed to domestic water boiling appliances, referred to hereafter as safety kettles.

[04] One particular problem common to all kettles is the need to provide pressure relief and/or venting from the appliance both in normal use (during filling and pouring and heating and cooling cycles) and in abnormal conditions, for example if the appliance is tipped over.

Generally the spout of the kettle acts as the primary pressure relief and venting means for steam and to accommodate expansion and contraction. In the case that the spout is sealed or partially sealed, a separate primary venting means is usually provided.

[05] Another venting requirement for safety kettles is the need for pressure equalization between the reservoir and atmosphere so that for example, the water may pour freely from the reservoir.

1061 For kettles that incorporate a temperature control (for example a steam switch) mounted remote from the reservoir, a steam tube may communicate between the reservoir and the steam switch and this steam tube may provide secondary venting and/or pressure equalization for the appliance.

[07] In safety kettles, the primary venting or secondary venting means may be inhibited by the spill inhibiting features and alternatively or additionally excessive water pressure may result in the primary or secondary venting means ejecting heated water.

[08] In the case of a cordless kettle, the temperature difference between the heating element and the water may cause boiling to continue for a short while after the kettle is knocked over, so that pressure may also continue to build up to some degree even after the power has been disconnected.

[09] For example, JP-A-2008212315 discloses a manual type safety kettle with a separate venting outlet for steam. In tests of commercially available safety kettles in Japan and based on the disclosure of that patent application, boiling water spurted vigorously from the venting outlet when the kettle was tipped onto its side, However if the heating vessel were completely closed by the interlock, as for example in GB-A-2272629, there is a risk that steam pressure will build up inside the vessel until it explodes.

[10] Another problem to be addressed in safety kettles and the like is the need to allow easy filling and pouring [11] The applicant's patent publication WO-A-20101128334 discloses a number of means to overcome the above problems including a commercially available system based on a moving pendulum arrangement which enables the user to pour from the safety kettle without user actuation and to provide spill inhibiting and primary venting means.

Statements of the Invention

[12] According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a safety kettle that can be filled through, and dispensed from the spout, and provide spill inhibiting and primary venting means without the requirement for moving parts or user actuation.

[13] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention there is provided a pressure relieving and venting system for a liquid heating vessel comprising at least two apertures in fluid communication with atmosphere, characterised in that when the vessel is in its upright or filling or pouring position at least one of the apertures is fluidly connected to atmosphere and when the vessel is in a tipped position at least one of the apertures is fluidly connected to atmosphere whilst the flow of liquid from the appliance is impeded from both the apertures.

[14] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention there is provided a pressure relieving, venting, filling and pouring system for a liquid heating vessel comprising a manifold with at least two apertures in fluid communication with the spout, characterised in that when the vessel is in its upright or filling or pouring position at least one of the apertures is fluidly connected to the spout and when the vessel is in a tipped position at least one of the apertures is fluidly connected to atmosphere via the spout whilst the flow of liquid from the reservoir to the spout is impeded.

[15] Preferably the manifold comprises a plurality of baffles and apertures.

[16] Preferably the at least two apertures are arranged in an opposite arrangement within the manifold.

[17] Preferably the baffles are arranged in a staggered arrangement to provide conduits or channels between the apertures.

[18] Preferably the manifold contains no moving parts [19] Preferably the manifold requires no user actuation to switch from normal use to a spill inhibiting mode or vice versa.

[20] Preferably the manifold is fixed or removably secured to at least one part of the appliance to provide liquid communication with the spout.

[21] Preferably when the vessel is in a tipped position, said aperture that is fluidly connected to atmosphere is above a liquid level in the vessel, and said aperture with impeded flow of liquid is below the liquid level in the vessel.

[22] Preferably when the vessel is in its upright position at least one of the channels is fluidly connected to atmosphere; and when the vessel is in a tipped position the aperture that is above the liquid level is fluidly connected to atmosphere via its respective channel, whilst the flow of liquid from the other channel is impeded by a least one baffle within the channel that remains above the liquid level.

[23] According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a spill-inhibiting, venting, pouring and filling arrangement for a liquid heating vessel comprising a manifold arranged to inhibit the flow of liquid when the vessel is tipped to one side relative to the outlet.

[24] According to another aspect of the invention there is described a removable lid assembly that incorporates a manifold as described above.

[25] According to another aspect of the invention there is described a manifold that incorporates the appliance spout.

[26] According to another aspect of the invention there is described a baffle external to the manifold that inhibits liquid entering the manifold when the appliance is in a tipped position.

[271 According to another aspect of the invention the function of a channel within the manifold may alter from a filling, dispensing, spill inhibiting and/or primary venting means dependent upon the orientation of the appliance.

[28] According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a safcty kettle in which the shape is predisposed to ensure that the spout points in at least a horizontal position and preferably in an upright position when the appliance is tipped on its side.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[29] There now follows, by way of example only, a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the Figures identified below.

Figure 1 is a schematic cross section of a cordless liquid heating appliance in an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 9a is a schematic cross-section of a prior art liquid heating appliance with a user actuated spill-inhibiting safety feature.

Figures 12w and 1 2x are schematic front views of an automatic weir type pressure relieving means with the vessel lying on its side.

Figures l2y and 12z are schematic front views of a second embodiment of the pressure relieving means on the kettle that is resting on its side.

Figure 13k is a schematic cross-section view of an embodiment of the liquid heating vessel with pressure relieving means, wherein the liquid heating vessel is in its closed state.

Figure 131 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the liquid heating vessel shown in Figure 13k.

Figures 13m to 13mb are schematic isometric views of baffle means for an embodiment of Figure 131.

Figure l3mc is cross section view of an additional baffle means an embodiment of Figure 131.

Figure 1 3n is a schematic top view of the vessel of Figure 13k, when resting on its side including the additional baffle means of Figure 1 3ma.

Figure 1 3o is a schematic cross-section view of a liquid heating vessel with a combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly.

Figure i3p is an isometric section view of Figure 130 illustrating a combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly.

Figure 13q is an exploded isometric view of Figure 13o illustrating the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly.

Figure 13r is a schematic cross section of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figures 13o to 13q in an upright position.

Figure 13s is an exploded isometric view of a first embodiment of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 1 3q.

Figure 1 3t is an assembly view of a second embodiment of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 13q.

S Figure 1 3ta is an assembly view of a third alternative assembly arrangement of the combined spill inhibiting and pressure relieving means of Figure 1 3q.

Figure 1 3tb is an assembly view of a fourth altcniative assembly arrangement of the combined spill inhibiting and pressure relieving means of Figure 1 3q.

Figure 1 3tc is an assembly view of an alternative assembly arrangement of the spill inhibiting and pressure relieving means of Figure 130.

Figure l3td is an assembly view of a second alternative assembly arrangement of the spill inhibiting and pressure relieving means of Figure l3tc.

Figure 1 3u is a perspective rear sectional view of Figure 1 3o illustrating a steam chamber.

Figure 13v is an exploded isometric view of the steam chamber of Figure 13u.

Figure 13w is a schematic plan view of the steam chamber of Figure 1 3v.

Figure 1 3wb is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of the steam chamber of Figure 13w.

Figure 1 3wa is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the steam chamber of Figure 13w.

Figures l3x, l3xb, l3xd and l3xf are schematic front views of the vessel of Figures l3o to 13r in four different tipped positions.

Figures l3xa, l3xc, l3xe and l3xg are schematic front views of the combined spill inhibiting and pressure relieving means of Figures 13x, 1 3xb, 1 3xd and l3xf respectively illustrating the water level and venting of the vessel.

Figure 1 3xh is a schematic front view of an embodiment of Figure 1 3xb, wherein the vessel is in a tipped position.

Figure l3xi is a schematic front view of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 1 3xh illustrating the water level and venting of the vessel.

Figure l3xj is an exploded isometric view of a third embodiment the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 1 3q.

Figure l3xk is a schematic front view of the vessel with the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 1 3aj in a tipped position.

Figure 1 3x1 is a schematic front view of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figures 1 3xi and 1 3xk illustrating the water level and venting of the vessel.

Figure 1 3xm is an assembly view of a fifth embodiment of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 1 3q.

Figure l3xn is an exploded isometric view of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 1 3xm.

Figure l3xo is a schematic section view along line X-X of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figures 1 3xm and 1 3xu.

Figures 1 3xp to 1 3xs are schematic front views of the vessel with the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure l3xm in four different tipped positions, in which Figures 1 3xr and l3xs illustrate a primary venting means via the steam chamber.

Figure 1 3xt is a schematic front view of an embodiment of Figure l3xq, wherein the vessel is in a tipped position.

Figure l3xu is an assembly view of an embodiment of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 13q.

Figure l3xv is a schematic section view along line Y-Y of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 1 3xu.

Figures 1 3xw to 1 3xza are schematic front views of the combined spill inhibiting means and pressure relieving means of Figure 1 3xu in four different tipped positions.

Figure 1 3y is an exploded isometric view of a further embodiment of the combined spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving means, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 13q.

Figure l3ya is an isometric view of the combined spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving means, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 13y.

Figures l3yb and l3yd are schematic plan views illustrating the flow path of the combined spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving means, filling and dispensing assembly of Figures 13y and l3ya.

Figures l3yc and l3ye are schematic front views illustrating the flow path of the combined spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving means, filling and dispensing assembly of Figures 1 3yb and 1 3yd respectively.

Figures 1 3yf to 1 3yi are schematic front views of the combined spill inhibiting means and pressure relieving means of Figure 1 3y in four different tipped positions.

Figure 1 3yia is a bottom schematic view of an embodiment of the lid of Figure 13y having a ramp on the conThincd spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving means, filling and dispensing assembly.

Figure l3yib is an exploded schematic section through the combined spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving means, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 1 3yia and the liquid heating appliance.

Figure 1 3yic is a schematic section through the combined spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving means, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 1 3yia and the liquid heating appliance.

Figure 1 3yid is an embodiment of the combined spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving means, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure l3yib.

Figure l3yj and 1 3yl arc schematic front views of an embodiment of the vessel of Figures 13x and l3xd with flat side wall in two different tipped positions.

Figures l3yk and l3ym arc schematic front views of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving means, filling and dispensing assembly of Figures l3yj and l3yl respectively illustrating the water level and venting of the vessel.

Figures l3yn and l3yp are schematic front views of an embodiment of the vessel of Figures l3yj and l3yl with tear drop shaped' side wall in two different tipped positions.

Figures 1 3yo and l3yq are schematic front views of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving means, filling and dispensing assembly of Figures l3yn and l3yp respectively illustrating the water level and venting of the vessel.

Figure l3yr is an exploded isometric view of an embodiment of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure 1 3h.

Figure l3ys is a schematic front view of the combined spill inhibiting, pressure relieving, filling and dispensing assembly of Figure l3yr.

Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[30] In the following description, functionally similar parts carry the same reference numerals between different embodiments. The drawings are intended to be schematic, and dimensions and angles may not be determined accurately from them unless otherwise stated.

Safety Kettle [31] Within of the statement of invention, description and claims, unless othenvise stated, the terms liquid and water are intended to have equivalent meaning.

[32] Within the statement of invention, description and claims, unless otherwise stated, the terms safety kettle, appliance, vessel and reservoir may have equivalent meaning.

[33] Within the statement of invention, description and claims the safety kettle, appliance and vessel may function as a reservoir.

[34] There is a need to provide safety features in kettles and other water heaters so that boiling liquid does not come into contact with the user when an appliance is tipped over.

[35] Very often the provisions to make the appliance safe are counterproductive; for example, preventing water spilling out may also create an over pressure issue if the heater continues to be energised after the appliance has been tipped over. Very often the provisions to make the appliance safe may also inhibit the easy use of the appliance.

[36] There is a need for a safety kettle that can be filled through, and dispensed from, the spout, and provide spill inhibiting and primary venting means in all practical orientations without the requirement for moving parts or user actuation.

[371 Each of the following embodiments, identified with reference to the drawings, may be used in isolation or in conjunction with other embodiments to provide solutions to the above problems and the inventors have illustrated embodiments of such combinations.

[38] It is evident that the full scope and combination of embodiments is extensive; however it is envisaged that the skilled person, having read the description herein, will be able to transfer solutions between the embodiments to meet the specific problems of individual appliances within the scope of the present invention.

[39] Figure 1 illustrates schematically a jug kettle with a mechanical actuator, as an example of a liquid heating appliance to which embodiments of the invention may be applied. In this example, the kettle is a cordless kettle comprising a vessel body 1 and a power base 2 having respective body and base cordless connectors 3 and 4, such as 360° cordless connectors of the type described in the applicant's own patent publication W094/06285 and/or as sold by Otter Controls Ltd under, for example, the CS4/CS7 Series (power base socket) and the Al, CP7 or CP8 (appliance plug) references. The power base 2 is connectable by a power cord 13 to an electrical power outlet (not shown).

[40] The jug kettle may include an electro mechanical control 60, for example the applicant's own Al series integrated 3600 control, or an electronic control (not shown). The electro mechanical control 60 may include an integral steam switch 73 or alternatively a discrete steam switch 73a may be provided, within, for example, the handle 9. The appliance may be provided with a switch actuator 305 or 305a or an alternative user interface (not shown) which interacts with the control 60, for example through a known over-centre trip lever mechanism (not shown in Figure 1), to toggle between operating states of the appliance.

[41] The vessel body 1 comprises a reservoir 5 for containing liquid to be heated, lid 8, spout 7, handle 9 and a base section 6 having a sub-base portion 19, which forms the bottom surface of the vessel body 1. The spout may provide primary venting and/or pressure equalisation. The lid 8 may be operable to open and close with a user actuator and may be secured to the vessel with a hinge, latch or other means. The lid may be securably sealed to the vessel so that the lid remains in place and does not leak liquid in the case that the appliance is tipped over.

[42] A steam tube 70 and steam cap 101 may be provided. The steam tube communicates from the area above the water level 225 to the steam switch 73 or 73a. The steam tube may be formed, for example as part of the handle 9 or reservoir wall 5 or as illustrated as a separate tube. In the case that the steam tube passes through the element then a suitable seal 584 and additional steam guide 599 may be provided. The vessel body 1 may be any shape and formed, for example, from plastic, metal, glass or ceramic. The vessel body may comprise a single wall as illustrated or alternatively a twin wall so that, for example, the vessel may be better insulated against heat loss.

[43] Liquid is heated by an element plate 12 which may form the base of the reservoir 5.

The reservoir 5 of the appliance 1 may be provided with water level markings and/or other features that indicate the state of the appliance 1. The clement plate 12 includes a heating means and is connected to receive electrical power via the connector 3. The heating means may comprise a sheathed element 39 as illustrated or may comprise a thick film element and/or diecast element arrangement. There may be provided a heat transfer means 410 and the plate 12 may be composed of stainless steel and/or other suitable substrate. As illustrated the element plate 12 may be sealed into the vessel body 1 using the Easifix (RTM) sealing arrangement as described in WO-A-99/17645 or alternative sealing means may be employed, for example gluing, welding or clamping.

[44] At least some embodiments of the present invention are applicable to liquid heating vessels having a heating element immersed in the water, rather than an element on the underside of the vessel.

[45] At least some embodiments of the present invention are applicable to liquid heating vessels connectable directly by a power cord rather than a cordless connector.

[46] Traditionally safety lids have been used in electrical portable water heating appliances such as kettles or heated vacuum flasks and pots. Additional example appliances may include any appliance that requires some form of protection from the spillage of heated liquid; in which case the Safety Kettle embodiments subsequently described are applicable to any heated liquid appliance that is susceptible to spillage and/or being knocked over. This may include non-electrical appliances for containing hot liquid, such as pans and microwavable containers, so that the food or liquid being heated can vent safely during and immediately after the cooking process without excess pressure build up and spillage during normal use and to prevent excessive spillage if the container is dropped or tipped over.

Safety Kettle embodiments with arrangements which require no moving parts are particularly suitable for food and/or microwaveable vessel applications.

[47] It is known that a water heating vessel requires head room or a void 222 above the water level to accommodate the turbulence that occurs when the water boils. The water level 225d is a typical maximum level for a water heating appliance of this type and the equivalent volume is used to schematically illustrate the level of water when the appliance 1 is in a tipped position.

[48] In the following description, frmnctionally similar parts carry the same reference numerals between different embodiments. The drawings are intended to be schematic, and dimensions and angles may not be determined accurately from them unless otherwise stated.

[49] Embodiments will now be described using corresponding reference numerals to those of preceding Figure 1 where appropriate for corresponding elements.

[50] Figure 9a illustrates a prior art safety kettle, as described in WO-A-2010/128334, in which the lid 8 comprises a lid chamber 71, the floor of which comprises a lower lid surface 66. The lid 8 is removably sealed against the upper end of the reservoir 5 by a reservoir seal 63. The lid 8 including the lid chamber 71 can be removed from the reservoir 5, to allow filling or cleaning of the reservoir 5. Alternatively or additionally the lid 8 may be attached to the vessel body 1 by a hinge.

[51] The lid chamber 71 acts as a passage for liquid from the reservoir 5, which enters the lid chamber 71 through an aperture 86 in the lower lid surface 66. Liquid may then be poured out from the lid chamber 71 through the spout 7.

[52] In each embodiment, the vessel body may have an outer wall (not shown) spaced apart from an inner wall 62, the latter forming the wall of the reservoir 5. The steam tube 70 passes through the space between the inner wall 62 and the outer wall 61, for example as described and claimed in the applicant's granted patents GB-B-2365752 and CN-C- 1239116. This steam tube may act as a secondary vent as previously described.

[53] The flow of liquid through the aperture 86 is governed by at least one mechanical flow management means 80, to prevent liquid from escaping from the reservoir 5 when the vessel body 1 is tipped over. The mechanical flow management means may comprise a user actuator 75 or may be automatic.

Weir Type Pressure Relief Means [54] Figures 12w to 1 2z and 13k to 1 3m illustrate a primary type pressure relief and pressure equalisation means that may be used with any spill inhibiting means. Each of the embodiments includes at least two apertures 92 that are spaced apart on opposite sides of the vessel 1. In the tipped position at least one aperture will be above the liquid level in the vessel 1 whilst liquid is prevented from exiting the vessel 1 from any apertures 92 below the water level, so providing a permanent vent from the void 222 to atmosphere irrespective of the orientation of the appliance, without the need for moving parts.

[55] As illustrated and described the primary pressure relieving means 640 is provided within a back chamber 95 of a lid 8 of a safety kettle but is equally applicable to other arrangements.

[56] The back chamber 95 may be fluidly connected to the front chamber 94 by, for example, apertures 92d or 92e in the wall 690 so that any steam or pressure in the back chamber 95 is vented into the front chamber 94 and subsequently vented to the spout 7. In other embodiments the wall 690 may be truncated so that an aperture (not shown) is formed between the top of the wall 690 and the top of the vessel (not shown). The back portion 95 may also communicate directly to the steam tube 70.

[57] The pressure relief means 640 comprises two conduits or channels 641, 642 that may act as weirs, whereby the first conduit or channel 641 is fluidly connected to the reservoir 5 of the vessel body 1 via the aperture 92a, whilst the other end 645 of the conduit or channel 641 is fluidly connected to the back chamber 95 of the lid 8. The second conduit or channel 642 is fluidly connected to the reservoir 5 of the vessel body 1 via the aperture 92b, whilst the other end 646 of the conduit or channel 642 is fluidly connected to the back chamber 95 of the lid 8.

[58] The apertures 92a and 92b are positioned opposite each other towards the perimeter of the vessel, and the apertures 645, 646 are also positioned opposite of each other towards the perimeter of the vessel, such that conduits or channels 641, 642 are arranged in a manner similar to snorkel' tubes in an opposed arrangement.

[59] The conduits or channels 641 and 642 vent without obstruction when the vessel 1 is in the upright position.

[60] As illustrated in Figures 12w and 12x, with the vessel 1 tipped with the spout facing upwards and downwards respectively, the aperture 92a is above the water level 225d so no water can flow through the aperture 92a. At the same time water is able to enter the aperture 92b, however the aperture 646 is above the water level 225d, and there is insufficient head' of pressure to raise the water level in the conduit or channel 642 as high as the aperture 646.

[61] Any excess steam pressure generated in the void 222 whilst the vessel 1 is in the tipped position enters the conduit or channel 641 via the aperture 92a and is relieved into the back chamber 95 via the aperture 645 as indicated by the arrow 634. As previously described the pressure may then vent into the front chamber 94 and out of the spout 7 or other exit to atmosphere.

[62] Conversely the venting means 640 functions in a similar manner if the vessel 1 is tipped facing the other way so that the aperture 92a is below the water level 225a and the aperture 92b is above the water level 225d.

[63] Each of the conduits or channels 641 and 642 may be provided with a plurality of baffles 6471 in a staggered arrangement so that any water entering the conduits or channels 641, 642 as the vessel 1 is tipped over is restricted thus helping prevent water spurting through the apertures 645 or 646 as the water inside the vessel 1 settles into equilibrium.

The baffles may also act to cool the liquid down in the ease that water is at boiling point.

[64] Other methods or materials to reduce the velocity of the water, the temperature of the water and/or act as a tortuous path, for example gauze, may be placed in the conduits or channels 641, 642 instead of, or in addition to, the baffles 6471.

[65] As illustrated the inlets 601 and 602 are staggered so that they are not diametrically opposite each other and therefore one of the inlets may be comparatively proportionally higher above the water level than the other when in the tipped position. This may be alleviated in other embodiments by placing the conduits or channels 641, 642 above each other rather than side by side.

[66] At least one part of the conduits or channels 641, 642 may be formed as part of the lid or vessel moulding with a separate lid moulding (not shown).

[67] Figures 12y and 1 2z illustrate an altemative embodiment whereby the conduits 641, 642 are preformed tubes that function in a similar manner to the previously described embodiments.

[68] Each of the conduits or preformed tubes 645, 646 and or walls 693 may be arranged substantially straight as illustrated in Figures 12w and 12x or substantially arcuate as illustrated in Figures 12y and 12z. The preformed tubes 645, 646 may be positioned side by side or substantially one above the other.

1169] Each of the previously described pressure relief and pressure equalisation means may be placed in the vessel body and/or the lid assembly.

[70] In each of the previously described pressure relief and pressure equalisation systems the inlets 92 may be positioned at the lowest part of the assembly so that any water that enters the chamber during the tipped position may drain back into the vessel 1 when the vessel I is returned to the upright position.

[71] This and subsequent embodiments may be used in conjunction with any liquid heating appliance that may require venting in different orientations and/or with any mechanical and/or automatic spill inhibiting pouring and filling means as previously described in WO-A-2010/128334.

Weir Type Filling and Pressure Relief Means [72] Figure 13k illustrates a further embodiment of a weir type safety lid 8 in which the user can intuitively fill the vessel without opening the lid 8.

[73] This embodiment includes a variant of the pressure relieving means illustrated in Figures 12w and 12x, whereby the front aperture 92a of the pressure relieving means is enlarged so that it can be used as combined vent and aperture for filling the vessel 1.

[74] The user is able to fill up the vessel 1 when the lid is closed, via the aperture 155 provided on the lid 8. The base 66 in the front portion 94 of the lid 8 is inclined such that the liquid is directed towards the back portion 95. An aperture 92d is provided between the front and back portions 94, 95 50 that water may flow towards the aperture 92a via the conduit or channel 641. The aperture 92e between the back chamber 95 of the lid 8 and the steam chamber 116 is positioned above the base 66 of the lid such that liquid does not enter the steam chamber 116 when the vessel 1 is being filled.

1175] Figure 131 illustrates a plan view of the embodiment shown in Figure 13k. The conduit or channel 641 and its aperture 92a that is located nearest to the spout 7 are substantially larger than the conduit or channel 641 and its respective aperture 92a in the previous embodiments. The conduits or channels 641 and 642 will be arranged as previously described so that either will act as a vent if the vessel I is tipped on its side. The apertures 92a and 92b are illustrated as circular; however the shape can be optimised so that the apertures are closer to the periphery of the vessel. Furthermore the conduits or channels 641 and 642 may also include baffles 6471 as previously illustrated that may be configured to extend along the top and partially down the side of the conduit or channel 641 to restrict the flow of water when the appliance is on its side but still leave the base of the lid 66 free from restriction for filling when the vessel 1 is upright.

[76] Baffles 647k, for example as illustrated in Figure 13m to 13mb, may also be provided on the reservoir side of the apertures 92a and 92b so that they may inhibit turbulent and standing liquid entering the aperture 92a, 92b when the vessel 1 is tipped on its side without inhibiting the depressurising means and the flow of liquid when the appliance is stood upright and/or in the filling and pouring positions. The baffles 647k may comprise an elongate rib or wall 691 which may substantially surround each of the apertures 92a, 92b and may include a gap 692 on the side closest to the perimeter of the reservoir 5 as illustrated in Figure 1 3m. This arrangement may prevent turbulent water entering the apertures 92a, 92b from the side when the appliance is in a tipped position. Alternatively as illustrated in the plan view of Figure 13mb the rib 691 may extend substantially towards the perimeter of the reservoir 5 which may help prevent turbulent water entering the apertures 92a, 92b from above the level of the apertures 92a, 92b. The baffles 647k as illustrated in Figures l3ma and 13mb may be provided with an end cap 690 which may prevent turbulent water entering the apertures 92a, 92b through the end of the baffles 647k. Advantageously the aperture 92f formed as part of this arrangement may provide a substantially equivalent cross sectional area as the aperture 92a so that the flow of the aperture 92a is not restricted.

Additionally as illustrated in Figure 13mb, the end cap 690 in conjunction with rib 691 may form a further channel with the edge 689 acting as a weir when the appliance is in a tipped position so that the apertures 92f, 92g are closer to the perimeter of the reservoir 5 than the apertures 92a, 92b (as indicated by the arrow 634). As illustrated in 1 3n this arrangement provides a greater margin between the water level 225d and the resultant apertures 92f, 92g than the previous apertures 92a, 92b. In additional embodiments alternative forms and/or shapes of baffles 64k and end caps 690 may be employed that fall within the scope of the invention. For example, the edge 689 of the lid 690 may be parallel to the level of the water 225d when in a tipped position so that the rnargin between the water level 225d and apertures 92f, 92g may be further improved.

The baffles 647k may also provide the opportunity to increase the water level 225d in the appliance 1, for example for appliances with a lower volume void 222.

[77] The lid aperture 155 may include a skirt 120 or other baffling means which may restrict water exiting the lid when the vessel is in a tipped position.

[78] This embodiment may be provided with an actuator mechanism for pouring from, and opening of the lid, if required, as previously described in WO-A-2010/l28334.

Weir Type Filling, Pouring and Pressure Relief Means [79] In the prior art, it has been counter intuitive to propose primary venting through the spout 7 of a safety kettle during the tipped position however the inventors have challenged the pre conception and have discovered that this is the key to solving the problem of providing spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving and/or venting means, dispensing means and filling means without the need for moving parts and/or user actuation of the appliance 1.

[80] The innovative spill inhibiting system including the above features may be provided as a kit of parts or preferably within a discrete manifold. For the purposes of the description the term manifold will be used to cover both the manifold and/or the kit of parts.

[81] Figures 13o to l3yz show further embodiments of the invention, in which each of the spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving and/or venting means, dispensing means and filling means may be provided within a manifold type assembly 635.

[82] The manifold 635 is provided with at least one liquid communication means 633 between the reservoir 5 and the spout 7 that may act to fill, dispense from and/or vent the reservoir 5 depending upon the state of the appliance 1.

[83] The liquid communication means 633 may take the form of horizontal, vertical or inclined channels 682 formed within the manifold 635 by a series of baffles 647 and apertures 632.

[84] Advantageously the manifold 635 may provide each of the spill inhibiting means, pressure relieving means, dispensing means and filling means, as demanded in each state of the appliance 1, without the need for user actuation or moving parts; so that the appliance 1 may be filled, emptied and vented through the spout 7 in normal use and the manifold is able to inhibit the flow of liquid through the spout 7 and is able provide sufficient pressure relief and/or venting when the appliance 1 is tipped over and/or when resting on its side.

1851 As previously disclosed, a water heating vessel would require head room or void 222 above the water level to accommodate the turbulence that occurs when the water boils. The water level 225d is a typical maximum level for a water heating appliance of this type and the equivalent volume is used to schematically illustrate the level of water when the appliance 1 is in a tipped position.

[86] As previously described a key area for consideration in a liquid heating appliance is the provision of pressure relief and/or venting from the void 222 both in normal use during heating and cooling and in each orientation of the tipped position, if for example excessive heat in the element causes overboil when tipped. In the description of Figures 13o to l3ys this pressure relief and/or venting of the appliance will be referred to as primary venting and may be indicated by an arrow 634 in the Figures.

[87] Figure 130 illustrates a schematic cross-section view of the liquid heating appliance 1 including a manifold 635, which is positioned within the envelope of the appliance 1 between the liquid to be heated and the spout 7. The manifold 635 may comprise a first pan 678 which includes a plurality of baffles 647 which in cooperation with the second part 679 provide a plurality of liquid channels 682, accessed by apertures 632, within the manifold 635 to communicate between the reservoir 5 and the spout 7.

[88] Preferably at least the inlet aperture 632 to one of the channels 682 is provided towards the front of the appliance 1 so that the corresponding channel 682 may substantially empty the reservoir 5 during the dispensing process.

[89] Preferably at least one aperture 632 to one of the channels 682 is provided substantially level or below the spout at the extreme of the pouring process so that the channel 682 may substantially empty the reservoir 5 during the dispensing process.

[90] Preferably at least one of the apertures 632 to one of the channels 682 may be positioned below the spout 7 so that all the water entering the spout 7 during the filling process enters the reservoir 5 during the filling process.

[91] The following Figures 13q to l3tda are illustrated with reference to manifold 635i however each of the described assembly and/or securing arrangements may be applicable to alternative manifolds, for example, the later described manifolds 635ii and 635iii.

[921 Figure 13p is a schematic isometric cutaway section view of Figure l3o illustrating the first part 678 of a manifold 635i. The manifold 635i includes apertures 632a (towards the bottom) and a further aperture 632b (towards the top) each of which communicate, via the respective channels 682a and 682b, with the aperture 632g (towards the centre) so that the reservoir 5 may have liquid communication with the spout 7.

[93] The apertures 632a, 632b may be respectively positioned at lower and upper corners of the manifold 635i in an opposed arrangement and may be formed from either or a combination of both the first and second parts 678 and 679. As previously described the aperture 632g is located substantially towards the central portion of the first part 678 in line with at least the lower portion of the spout 7. Baffles 647a to 647e are formed on the first part 678 and are arranged in a staggered arrangement. The baffles 647a and 647b are positioned above the aperture 632g, whilst the baffles 647c, 647d and 647e are positioned below the aperture 632g.

[94] In normal use the reservoir 5 may be filled and emptied, via the channel 682a as illustrated by the arrow 633 and during the heating process the excess pressure and/or steam may vent along the flow path 634. The aperture 632b may also provide the primary pressure relief and venting 634 for the reservoir during the filling and dispensing process and, advantageously, as the appliance 1 is tipped forward, and the dispensing angle increases, the top aperture 632b and associated channel 682b may also act as an additional means to empty the reservoir 5.

[95] In each of the embodiments the apertures 632 may be positioned in the most appropriate place to suit the appliance type for example, at the back to improve the flow of water during the dispensing means and/or at the side to improve the spill inhibiting means and it is expected that in some case there will be conflict and so a compromise position may be chosen. The position of the apertures may also vary from appliance to appliance for example the aperture 632 position for a flat fronted appliance 1 may have different considerations than for a circular vessel 1.

[96] Examples of various aperture 632 positions and appliance types are illustrated and unless otherwise stated are not limiting to the invention.

[97] Figure 13q is an exploded isometric view of Figure 13o illustrating the assembly of the manifold 635i.

[98] The manifold 635i may comprise of first and second parts 678 and 679 secured together, such that channels 682a and 682b are formed.

[99] The manifold 635i may be manufactured from any suitable material, for example plastic, metal or a combination of both.

[100] The manifold 635i may be discrete and may be secured to the appliance 1 preassembled or alternatively the components of the manifold 635i may be secured sequentially as the appliance 1 is assembled. Securing means/methods for the assembly of the manifold 635i and/or for attaching the manifold 635i to the appliance 1 may include (but is not limited to) any or a combination of gluing, snap-fittings, frictional fittings, welding, brazing, clamping, riveting and/or screw fixing. Securing means may be provided on each or any parts of the appliance 1 and/or manifold 635i, for example reciprocal ribs 401 may be provided on the appliance 1 to secure or index the manifold 635i within the appliance 1. In further arrangements (not shown) selective overlapping baffles and/or reciprocating ribs (not shown) may be formed on either or both of the first and second parts 678 and 679.

[101] Figure 13s illustrates an exploded isometric view of an altemative arrangement of the first embodiment in which the baffles 647a to 647e are formed on the second part 679 whilst the aperture 632g is provided on the first part 678. The manifold 635i may then be secured to the appliance 1 by a similar method as previously described.

[102] Alternatively, as illustrated in figures 13t to l3tda the manifold 635i may be provided as part of, or in combination with, other parts of the appliance including, but not limited to, the reservoirS, spout 7, or lid 8.

[103] As shown in Figure 13t the reservoir 5 or appliance 1 wall may act as the first part 678 and the baffles 647a to 647e may be formed on either the appliance I or the second part 679. The second part 679 may then be directly secured to the appliance 1 by any of the previously described securing means. Reciprocating ribs and/or securing means 401 may be provided on the inner wall of appliance 1 as previously described and illustrated.

[104] Figure l3ta illustrates a further variant in which the manifold 635i is provided with a full or partial spout 677 which may then nest within the spout 7 of the appliance 1.

Advantageously this may improve the flow of liquid from the manifold 635 in normal use; additionally the spout 677 may act as an indexing or fixture means and may be sealed or secured against the spout 7.

[105] Figure l3tb illustrates a further variant in which the appliance spout 7 is provided entirely as part of the manifold 63 Si. A corresponding aperture 684 may be provided within the appliance 1. A slotted rib or other corresponding securing means (not shown) may be provided in either and/or both of the manifold 635i and the spout aperture 684 to assist with the assembly, securing and/or sealing in this area.

[106] Either of the arrangements of Figures l3ta and l3tb may be particularly suitable for metal vessels whereby the spout 7 of manifold 653i may be secured to the appliance 1 by known techniques including brazing.

[107] Figure l3tc shows a further arrangement whereby the manifold 635i may be provided as part of an assembly 685 that may include a steam channel or chamber 640i and that may be positioned between the reservoir 5 and the lid 8 and supported by and secured to/within the top part of the reservoir 5. The assembly 685 may be installed during the manufacturing process or may be provided as a separate component, so that for example the user may have the option of using the appliance with or without the manifold 635i. The manifold may include a spout 677 as previously described.

[108] Figure l3td is a further variant in which the features of the manifold 635i are provided within a complete lid assembly.

[109] Figure l3tda is a further variant in which the manifold 635i is provided partially within the lid 8 and partially below the lid 8. This arrangement enables the aperture 632g and/or spout 677 to be provided within the depth of the lid assembly 8.

[110] A seal 110 may be provided around the part of the lid 8 that interfaces with the appliance 1.

[111] Advantageously the manifold 635i arrangements as illustrated in Figures l3tc to l3tda are particularly suitable for retrofitting into existing liquid heating appliances.

[112] The arrangement of l3tda is particularly advantageous for retrofitting into known safety type water heating appliances to replace the existing mechanical and/or user actuated spill inhibiting means.

[113] In this and each embodiment a filter housing 740 including, for example, a mesh filter 652 may be provided between the spout 7 and the manifold 635 or as part of the manifold 635. In further embodiments (not shown) each of the apertures 632 may also be provided with a filter means.

[114] Figure 13r is a schematic cutaway cross section of the manifold 635i in an upright position. Where applicable, this illustration type will be employed in the subsequent description to further explain the relationship between the apertures 632a and 632b, the baffles 647a to 647e, the channels 682a and 682b and the water level 225 when the appliance 1 is in a tipped position.

[115] In all embodiments of the invention, means may be provided to enhance the flow of liquid through the conduits and channels, for example intemal and extemal radii 639 as illustrated in Figures 13r, l3xi and l3xya.

[116] In the case that the appliance 1 includes a steam switch 73, or other temperature control, in fluid connection with the reservoir 5, then the appliance 1 may also include at least one weir type steam channel or chamber arrangement 640, positioned above the void 222 (as previously described with reference to, for example, figure 12x).

[117] Whereas the steam chamber 640 may provide some secondary venting for the reservoir 5 unless otherwise stated the reservoir 5 relies upon the spout 7 for the primary venting.

[118] Figure 13u to figure 13w illustrate the steam chamber 640i to 64Oiii which may comprise first and second parts 637, 638.

[119] Figure 13u is an exploded perspective rear sectional view of the appliance 1 illustrating the steam chamber 640i in situ (for clarity, the second part 638 is omitted).

[120] The first part 637 may include an outer wall 683 and a baffle 647g which in combination with the second part 638 form a substantially U' shaped channel 682c and apertures 632c and 632d. With the aperture 632c in direct fluid communication with the void 222 of the reservoir 5 and the aperture 632d in direct fluid communication with the steam switch 73 (not shown) or steam tube (not shown).

[121] Figures 13w to l3wb respectively illustrate cross sections through 3 variants of the steam chamber 640. The forms and shape of Figures 13w to l3wb variants are not limiting to the scope of the invention.

[122] Fig 13w illustrates the aperture 632c facing towards the spout; Figure l3wa illustrates the aperture 632c facing towards the rear of the reservoir and Figure 1 3wb towards the side of the reservoir 5.

[123] Figure l3wb illustrates an elongate steam chamber 640 which extends closer to the periphery of the reservoir 5 as later described.

[124] Each of the apertures 632c may be provided with baffles 647k (for example as illustrated in figure 1 3m) or baffles 647j as schematically illustrated in figure 1 3r to inhibit turbulent or standing liquid entering the steam chamber 640i. Each of the channels 682c may be provided with a labyrinth of baffles 6471 to inhibit the flow of any liquid that may enter the steam chamber 640i when the appliance is in a tipped position.

[125] Preferably the baffles 647 in the channel 682c are positioned above the lower plane of the steam chamber 640i so as not to form an obstruction to liquid draining out of the channel 682 when the appliance 1 is in an upright position.

[126] In further arrangements the first portion of the steam chamber may be made wider so that a greater volume of liquid can be contained in that area.

[127] Whilst Figure 13o illustrates the steam chamber arrangement 640 being substantially parallel to the water level 225d, in further embodiments the steam chamber 640 may be positioned at a gradient to improve the drainage back into the reservoir 5 when the appliance 1 is returned to an upright position.

F 1281 In further embodiments the U shaped channel 682c may be provided as part of or in combination with other parts of the appliance 1 including, but not limited to, the reservoir 5, or lid 8. Alternatively the U shaped channel 682c may be formed from a tube or conduit.

[129] Fixture and securing of the steam chamber 640i to or with the appliance 1 may be as previously described for the manifold 635.

[130] In all embodiments either the steam chamber 640 and/or the manifold 635 may be formed from a single moulding process, for example blow moulding.

[131] Figures 13x, l3xb, l3xd and l3xf illustrate schematic front views of the section through the appliance 1 of Figure 13o lying on its side in four different orientations. In Figures 13x and l3xd, the spout 7 faces upward towards the left and in Figures l3xb and l3xf the spout 7 faces downward towards the left.

[132] The appliance 1 includes a manifold 635i and a steam chamber 640i.

[133] As previously disclosed some appliances may not include a steam operated control in which case the steam chamber 640i will not be required however the principles of the manifold 635i are applicable for any liquid appliance with and without the steam chamber 640i.

[134] The top views of Figures 13x, l3xb, l3xd and l3xf clearly illustrate the active function of the steam chamber 640i in preventing liquid exiting the steam chamber 640i via the aperture 632d. However this same top view cannot easily illustrate the active functions of the manifold 635i; hence additional corresponding Figures l3xa, l3xc, l3xe and l3xg have been provided to schematically illustrate the respective functions of the apertures 632a, 632b and 632g, the baffles 647a to 647e and the channels 682a and 682b of the manifold 635i in the respective tipped positions of Figures 13x, l3xb, l3xd and l3xf.

[135] Whereas in normal use the various channels of the steam chamber 640i and manifold 635i are employed in pouring filling and steam venting these same channels may now act as weirs and primary venting means when the appliance is in a tipped position.

[136] As previously described the water level 225d is illustrative of a water heating appliance filled to its maximum level.

[137] It should also be noted that the Figures are schematic and are provided solely to illustrate the basic concepts of the embodiments. The concepts are applicable to a wide range of appliance designs and shapes as such the invention is not limited by the dimensions and forms of the Figures.

[138] Figures 13x and l3xa illustrate the appliance 1 with the spout 7 facing upwards and towards the left.

[139] As illustrated in Figure 13x although the aperture 632e of the steam chamber 640i is below the water level 225d, the free end 648 of the baffle 647g is above the water level 225b. As such a weir is formed and the water is unable to flow through the U bend of the steam chamber 640i. Baffles 647j, 647k and 6471 as previously described may be provided to help prevent against turbulence forcing the water beyond the level 225d.

[140] It can also be seen in Figure 13x that the aperture 632b of the manifold 635i is below the water level 225d whilst the aperture 632a and the free ends 648 of baffles 647b and 647e are above the water level 225d.

[141] Figure l3xa schematically illustrates the function of the manifold 635i in the same orientation of Figure 1 3x. The aperture 632b is below the water level, however the free end 648 of the baffle 647b forms a weir above the water level 225d and so prevents water from exiting the channel 682b and entering the central area of the manifold 635i which houses the aperture 63 2g. As such liquid is prevented from exiting the spout 7.

[142] The aperture 632a is in an opposed corner of the manifold 635 and the liquid level is below the free end 648 of the baffle 647e as such liquid is unable to enter the channel 682a.

Advantageously the elevated position of 632a enables the channel 682a to act as the primary vent for the appliance as indicated by the arrow 634.

[143] Likewise, when the water cools and contracts, pressure is equalised within the appliance 1 via the same primary venting means 634.

[1441 Figures l3xb and l3xc illustrate the appliance 1 facing in the same direction as Figures 13x and l3xa, with the spout 7 facing downward. In this case the free end 648 of the steam tube 640i is elevated further above the water level 225d and so has a greater margin of safety than previously. Conversely the manifold 635i is now lower, as such the water level 225a around the manifold 635i is higher; however, water remains unable to flow past the free end 648 of the channel 682b and is therefore still unable to enter the central part of the manifold 635i. Additionally the water level remains below the aperture 632a in which case the channel 682a continues to act as the primary vent for the appliance as previously described and indicated by the arrow 634.

[145] Figures l3xd to l3xg illustrate the appliance 1 with the spout 7 facing towards the right. In these arrangements the steam chamber 640i and manifold 635i are turned through 1800 compared to Figures 13x to 1 3xe in which case each part of the steam chamber 640i and manifold 635i may have a different function: for example channels, that were weirs, may now be primary venting means and vice versa.

[146] As illustrated in Figure l3xd the free end 648 of the wall 647fofthe steam chamber 640i acts as a weir so that the aperture 632c of the steam chamber is above the water level 225d and water is unable to enter the aperture 632c.

[147] It can also be seen in Figure l3xd that the aperture 632a of the manifold 635i is now below the water level 225d whilst the aperture 632a and the free ends 648 of baffles 647a and 647d are now above the water level 225d.

[148] Figure l3xe schematically illustrates the function of the manifold 635i in the same orientation of Figure l3xd. The aperture 632a is below the water level, however, the free end 648 of the baffle 647d now forms a weir above the water level 225d and so prevents water from exiting the channel 682a and entering the central area of the manifold 635i which houses the aperture 632g. As such liquid is prevented from exiting the spout 7.

[149] The aperture 632b is in an opposed corner of the manifold 635 and the liquid level is now above the free end 648 of the baffle 647e as such liquid is unable to enter the channel 682b. The elevated position of 632a now enables the channel 682b to act as the primary vent for the appliance I as indicated by the arrow 634.

[150] Likewise, when the water cools and contracts, pressure is equalised within the appliance 1 via the same primary venting means 634.

[151] Figures l3xf and l3xg illustrate the appliance 1 facing in the same direction as Figures l3xd and l3xe, with the spout 7 facing downward. In this case the aperture 632c of the steam tube 640i is elevated further above the water level 225d and so has a greater margin of safety than previously. Conversely the manifold 635i is now lower, as such the water level 225a around the manifold 635i is higher; however water remains unable to flow past the free end 648 of the channel 682a and is therefore still unable to enter the central part of the manifold 63 Si. Additionally the water level remains below the aperture 632b in which case the channel 682a continues to act as the primary vent for the appliance as previously described and indicated by the arrow 634.

[152] In which case it can be seem that the manifold 635i may act as respective spill in habiting and primary venting in each orientation and the steam chamber 640i may act as spill inhibiting means in both directions.

[153] Unless otherwise stated each of the following embodiments will be illustrated in one of the previously illustrated angle of orientation of Figures 13x, l3xb, l3xd and l3xf.

[154] Figures l3xh and l3xi illustrate a further arrangement of manifold 635i in which free ends 648 of baffles 647a to 647e are extended such that the apertures 632a and 632b can now be located on the sides of the manifold 635i. In which case the apertures 632a and 632b are substantially higher above the water level 225d in the tipped position than the embodiment of Figures 1 3xb and 1 3xc without substantially increasing the size or mass of the manifold 635i. The embodiment of Figures l3xh and l3xi may allow the appliance 1 to have a larger water carrying capacity or allow the tipping angle of the appliance 1 to be increased whilst still inhibiting spillage from the appliance 1.

[155] In addition, Figure l3xi illustrates the fixed ends of the each baffle 647a to 647e having a series of radii 639 which may improve the flow during filling and dispensing from the appliance 1. Altematively, the surface of the baffles 647a to 647e may be tapered (not shown) to improve flow during filling or dispensing.

[156] Figure l3xj illustrates an exploded isometric view of a further variant of the manifold 635i, in which only two baffles 647c, 647d are provided below the aperture 632g to reduce the material content and so reduce manufacturing costs.

[157] In this embodiment, the central portion of the manifold 635i has been narrowed in order to: a. Further reduce the material content; b. Increase the water carry capacity of the reservoir 5; and/or c. Reduce the visual size of the manifold 635e.

[158] Figure l3xk illustrates a front view of the appliance 1 with the manifold 635i of Figure 1 3xj in a tipped position and the spout 7 facing downwards with Figure 1 3xl illustrating a schematic front view of the manifold 635i.

[159] The manifold 635i functions substantially as previously described and illustrated for figures 13x to l3xi.

[160] In this and each of the other embodiments the manifold 635i may be made wider so that the apertures are higher above the water level 225d. Extending the manifold in a circular appliance in such a manner may inhibit the dispensing in which case this arrangement may be more suitable for appliances with a front part that is less curved as illustrated in figure l3yj.

[161] In the case that the water level of the appliance is increased then a wider steam chamber, for example, 64Oiii may be employed to prevent water exiting via aperture 632d.

[162] In further embodiments where space is at a premium the manifold 635i may be configured with only the upper channel 632b (as illustrated in figure 1 3yr).

[163] This configuration will inhibit the ability to fill and via the spout 7 and therefore may only be used with removable lid appliances.

[164] This configuration may also inhibit the ability to provide primary venting in all orientations in which case an additional conduit 681 (as previously described with reference to Figure l3xu and l3xv) may be provided.

[165] Figures l3xm to l3xo illustrate schematic exploded isometric and cross section views of the manifold 635ii, wherein the manifold 635ii may comprise first, second and third portions 678, 679, 680 respectively.

[166] As illustrated the first part 678 includes the aperture 632g, the second part 679 includes a baffle 647h facing in one direction and the third part 680 includes a baffle 647i facing in an opposing direction to the baffle 647h. Two elongate apertures 632c and 632f may be formed between the parts 678 and 679 and an elongate channel 682e communicates between the apertures 632e to 632g.

[167] Aperture 632e is within the reservoir S and aperture 632g is positioned towards the opening of the spout 7.

[168] In normal use the channel 682e provides the means to fill and pour and also provides the primary venting means [169] Figures l3xp to l3xs are schematic front views of the appliance 1 with the manifold 635ii in the four different orientations as previously described and illustrated with reference to Figures 13x, l3xb, l3xd and l3xf respectively.

[170] Whereas the channels 682 were horizontal in embodiments of manifold 635i, the channels are vertical in embodiment of manifold 635ii in which case the channels may be viewed from above and there is no requirement for a second schematic Figure to explain the spill inhibiting features.

[171] In figures l3xp and l3xq the aperture 632e is above the water level 225d; as such no water may enter the channel 682a and the channel 682e may act as the primary vent as indicated by the arrow 634. The steam chamber functions as previously described in Figures l3xandl3xb.

[172] In figures l3xr and l3xs the aperture 632e is below the water level 225d, however the baffle 647h forms a weir within the channel 682e and as previously described water is prevented from exiting the aperture 632g.

[173] However in the orientations of figures l3xr and l3xs the manifold 635i is unable to provide the primary venting and therefore relies upon the steam chamber 635i as indicated by the arrow 634.

[174] Figure 1 3xt illustrates a further embodiment of manifold 635i in which the apertures are provided on the end of the manifold as previously described, for example, with reference to Figure l3xh.

11751 It is preferable, but not limiting, that the primary venting means is provided through the spout 7 and Figures l3xu to l3xza illustrate a variant of manifold 635ii in which an additional conduit or channel 681 is provided to vent from the reservoir 5, through the manifold 635 ii and out of the aperture 632g (as indicated by the arrow 634) when the aperture 632e is beneath the water level 225a.

[176] The conduit or channel 681 may be provided as part of the manifold 635ii or as a separate component.

[177] Preferably the additional conduit 681 is provided towards the top of the manifold so that it is above the water level 225d in normal use and may provide additional dispensing means in the pouring position.

1178] The conduit 681 communicates from the side of the manifold 635ii opposed to the aperture 632e and enters the manifold 635ii within the channel 682f formed between the first part 678 and second part 679. As illustrated the conduit 681 may be in contact with the elongate aperture 632e and may marginally restrict the aperture at the point of contact.

[179] Figures l3xw to l3xza illustrate the function of the new embodiment of the manifold 635ii. Other than this marginal restriction of the conduit 681 the channel 682e functions as previously described.

[180] In the tipped positions of Figures l3xw and l3xy the aperture 632i of the conduit 681 is below the water level 225d, however the free end of the baffle 647i acts as a weir to prevent water entering the area of aperture 632g.

[181] In the tipped position of Figures l3xz and l3xza the aperture 632i is above the water level and acts as a primary vent as indicated by the arrow 634. In which case the steam chamber 640i is not required to function as the primary venting means.

[182] In further embodiments where space is at a premium the manifold 635i (as illustrated in figure l3yr) may be configured so that the weir is positioned above the aperture 632g [183] This configuration will inhibit the ability to fill and via the spout 7 and therefore may only be suitable with removable lid appliances.

[184] This configuration may also inhibit the ability to provide primary venting in all orientations in which case an additional conduit 681 (as previously described with reference to Figure l3xu and l3xv) may be provided.

Weir Type Filling, Pouring and Pressure Relief Means in Lid [185] Figures 13y to l3yi illustrate a further embodiment of the manifold 635iii in which the filling, pouring and primary venting are provided within the depth of the lid 8 of the appliance 1.

[186] As illustrated in the exploded view 13y the lid assembly 8 may include a top part 157, a steam chamber 640i, a middle portion 158 that may include the manifold 635iii and the apertures 632g, 632j, 632o and a bottom part 66 that may include apertures 632k, 6321 and 632p.

[187] Parts or all of each of the above mentioned components may be moulded as part of an adjacent component.

[188] The void 222 may communicate with the steam tube 70 via the middle part 158 through the apertures 632o and 632j and steam chamber 640i. The steam chamber 640i is configured and positioned as previously disclosed and will not be further described.

[189] The manifold is configured on two levels. The aperture 632g which communicates directly with spout 7 (which may include a spigot 677) is positioned on the upper level and the apertures 632k and 6321 which communicate with the reservoir 5 are provided on the lower level.

[190] The apertures 632k and 6321 are positioned at a distance either side of the aperture 632g on the outer perimeter of the bottom part of the lid assembly 8.

[191] An upper platform 686 is provided beneath the spout which communicates via sloping platforms 687k and 6871 to the respective apertures 632k and 6321.

[192] Channels 682k and 6821 are formed in combination with the outer perimeter of the middle portion 158, the top portion 157, the bottom portion 66, the apertures 632g, 632k and 6321, the upper platform 686, the inclined platform 687 and the baffles 647k, 6471 and 647m.

[193] As illustrated in Figure l3ya the water is filled and dispensed through both the channels 682k and 6821 as indicated by the flow path arrows 633.

[194] The front portion of the baffle 647K may include radii 639 that may act to assist in combining the flow of water prior to dispensing and divide the flow of water when filling.

[195] The apertures 632k and 6321 may be positioned partially or wholly beneath the upper platform 686 and as such are substantially obscured in Figure 1 3ya.

F 1961 Figures 1 3yb to 1 3yc schematically illustrate the flow path of channel 6821 from the aperture 6321, up the inclined platform 6871 around the combined free end 648 of the baffles 647k and 6471 along the upper platform 686 and out of the aperture 632g as also indicated by the arrow 633.

11971 Conversely Figures l3yd and l3ye schematically illustrates the water flow path of channel 682k from the aperture 632k, up the inclined platform 687k around the free end 648 of the baffle 647k along the upper platform 686 and out of the aperture 632g as indicated by thearrow633.

[198] During normal use the primary venting follows the same path as the arrow 633.

[1991 Figures l3yf to l3yi illustrate the manifold of 63Siii when the appliance is in a tipped position.

[200] In figures 1 3yf and l3yg the aperture 6321 is below the water level however the combined free end 648 of the baffles 647k and 6471 acts as a weir to prevent water entering the area of the aperture 632g, whilst the aperture 832k is above the water level and the channel 682k acts as the primary vent as indicated by the arrow 634.

[201] Conversely in figures l3yh and l3yi the aperture 632k is below the water level however the combined free end 648 of the baffles 647k acts as a weir to prevent water entering the area of the aperture 632g, whilst the aperture 6321 is above the water level and the channel 6821 acts as the primary vent as indicated by the arrow 634.

[2021 In further embodiments, baffles 647k as illustrated in drawings 13m, l3ma and 13mb may be added to the underside of the lid to further improve the spill inhibiting means.

[203] Figure 1 3yia illustrates a further embodiment in which the bottom portion 66 of the lid 8 is provided with a ramp 694. The ramp 694 is located on the periphery of the lid 8 in front of the apertures 6321 and 632k and is used to direct water towards the apertures 6321 and 632k during the dispensing process. Advantageously, as the appliance 1 is tipped forward, and the dispensing angle increases, the ramp 694 directs the remaining water towards the apertures 6321 and 632k to improve the flow in the dispensing process and particularly at the end of the dispensing process.

[204] Additionally the ramp 694 may fills the area between the reservoir 5 and the apertures 6321 and 632k that may normally hold water during the dispensing process so that substantially all of the water in the appliance 1 is dispensed,.

[205] Figures 1 3yib and 1 3yic illustrate schematic section views of the lid 8 and the appliance 1. As illustrated, the lid 8 may be securably sealed to the vessel via a seal 110, so that the lid 8 remains in place and does not leak liquid in the case that the appliance 1 is tipped over. When assembled, the ramp 694 may mutually engage with the reservoir 5 of the double walled vessel 1.

[206] Figure l3yib illustrates a further embodiment in which the ramp 694 is formed on the inner wall 62 of the double walled vessel. The ramp 694 may engage with the bottom portion 66 of the lid 8, such that the free end of the ramp 694 abuts the opening of the apertures 6321 and 632k.

[207] The provision of the ramp is not limited to double walled vessels and is equally as applicable to single wall vessels 1.

[208] The embodiments are illustrated with reference to apertures 6321 and 632k of a manifold 635 within a lid 8 in combination with the reservoir 5. However this arrangement is not limiting and ramps 694 (or other arrangements) of various sizes and orientations may provided adjacent too the apertures 632 of each of the disclosed embodiments to improve the flow and/or help ensure that all the heated liquid may be dispensed.

[209] In all the embodiments the relationship between the lid assembly 150, the spout 7 and the flow management means 80 and 159 may assist in preventing liquid splashing out of the spout 7 as the liquid boils, thus allowing for the height of the vessel body 1 to be reduced.

[210] In other embodiments the flow management means 80 may be positioned within the spout, which may assist in reducing the overall height of the vessel body 1.

[211] Each of the figures illustrate a substantially circular appliances, however the wcir principles of the manifolds, steam chambers and vents are equally applicable to appliances of alternative shapes.

[212] Throughout this and previous patent applications it is recognised that liquid spillage through the spout is a critical area to address, particularly when the spout is in a down turned position, in which case it would be advantageous to configure an appliance such that the spout 7 always rests in a predicable position when the vessel 1 is tipped over and preferably does not face in a down turned position.

[213] This may be achieved by lowering the centre of gravity to such an extent that the appliance 1 always righted itself upright when tipped over. However accommodating the required weight distribution may render the appliance both unsightly and difficult to usc in which case the inventors seek to propose alternative solutions that may be implemented within the normal user expectation of a liquid appliance.

[214] Figures l3yj to i3yn illustrate a first embodiment of an appliance 1 that may be predisposed to tip into a substantially horizontal position. The respective manifold 635 ii and steam chamber 640i are configured as previously described with reference to figures 13x, l3ya, l3xd and l3xe in which case it is not necessary to further describe the functions of the spill inhibiting means.

[215] The appliance 1 is elongate with substantially flat sides in which, so that, in the case that the appliance is tipped, the centre of gravity is likely to force the appliance to tip onto either of the two flat sides so that the spout is predisposed in a horizontal position. As such the spill inhibiting means, for example the manifold 635i and/or the steam chamber 640i need only be configured to accommodate a predictably small angle or range of orientations.

[216] As illustrated both of the manifold 635 ii and/or steam chamber 640i have considerable margin between the water level 225d and the free end 648 in the weir arrangements in which case, for example, the size of each of the component manifold 635 ii and/or steam chamber 640i may be reduced and/or the maximum water level may be increased.

[217] Figures l3yn to l3yo illustrate a further embodiment (including a respective manifold 635 ii and steam chamber 640i configured to function as previously described with reference to figures 13x, l3ya, l3xd and l3xe) in which the spout is predisposed to point in an upward direction when the appliance is tipped over.

[2181 As illustrated in Figure l3yn the appliance 1 may be configured so that the centre of gravity is substantially towards the handle part by, for example, adding additional mass in this area.

[219] Additionally or alternatively, as illustrated, the appliance 1 may be configured in a tear drop type shape with a substantially circular front part and elongate sides towards the rear so that the appliance is less likely to tip with the spout downwards.

[220] With the configuration of spout upwards it is ensured that there is always a considerable margin between the leading edge of baffles 647b and 647e in the manifold 635i and the water level of 225d, as such the manifold 635i may be reduced and/or the maximum water level may be increased.

[221] As previously described in the case that a steam chamber 640i is required then this will need to be configured to accommodate the same level of spill inhibiting mean as the manifold 635i.

[222] Any of the previously described flow management means and pressure relief means may be provided to the appliance manufacturer as discrete components and fixed into the appliance as part of the assembly procedure.

[223] In further embodiments, not shown, the flow management means and pressure relief means may be provided with fixing or fitting means, such as threads, flanges, bayonet fits or the like, so that they can be easily installed by the appliance manufacturer in the vessel. In further embodiments the flow management means and pressure relief means may be supplied to the appliance manufacturer as part of other functional parts of the vessel, for example, the spout, lid, actuator, handle or steam control.

[224] In further embodiments the flow management means and pressure relief means may include a bimetal or other actuator so that the fUnction is dependent upon temperature.

[2251 In further embodiments other parts of the appliance such as the handle, sub base or the void between the outer and inner walls may be used as means to acts as a buffer' or overflow' area for liquid or vapour that would otherwise be expelled from the spout.

[226] In all embodiments, the over-boil that occurs after power to the appliance has been switched off can be reduced by the use of low mass elements, for example, thick film or printed elements.

[227] In each of the previously described pressure relief and pressure equalisation systems the inlets 92 may be positioned at the lowest part of the assembly so that any water that enters the chamber during the tipped position may drain back into the vessel 1 when the vessel 1 is returned to the upright position.

[2281 In all cases the diagrams are schematic and the sizes and dimensions of, for example, the vents, apertures, inlets and outlets will need to be determined according to the requirements of the appliance.

Further Embodiments [229] It is evident that the full scope and combination of embodiments is extensive; however it is envisaged that the skilled person, having read the description herein, will be able to transfer solutions between the embodiments to meet the specific problems of individual appliances within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (40)

1. Claims 1. A spill inhibiting system for a portable vessel (1) for containing heated liquid, the system comprising at least two channels (641, 642; 682) arranged such that when the vessel (1) is in an upright position at least one of the channels (641, 642; 682) vents the vessel 1 and when the vessel (1) is tipped over, at least one of the channels (641, 642; 682) vents the vessel (1) whilst the flow of liquid from the vessel (1) through the said channels (641, 642; 682) is impeded.
2. 2. The spill inhibiting system of claim 1, wherein the least two channels (641, 642; 682) have respective apertures (92; 632) arranged such that, when the vessel is tipped over, an aperture (92; 632) of at least one of the channels (92, 632) is above the liquid level (225) in the vessel so as to vent the vessel (I).
3. 3. The spill inhibiting system of claim 2, wherein the said apertures (92; 632) are located towards the periphery of the vessel (1).
4. 4. The spill inhibiting system of claim 2 or 3, wherein the apertures (92; 632) are arranged at opposing sides of a filling and or dispensing means (7; 155; 632g; 677) of the vessel (1).
5. 5. The spill inhibiting system of claim 4, wherein at least one of said channels (641, 642; 682) comprises a weir arranged to impede the flow of liquid therethrough when the vessel (1) is tipped over.
6. 6. The spill inhibiting system of any preceding claim, wherein at least one of the channels (641, 642; 682) is arranged to contain fluid from the vessel (1) when tipped over, and to drain the contained liquid back into the vessel (1) when the vessel (1) is returned to the upright position.
7. 7. The spill inhibiting system of any previous claim, wherein at least one of the channels (641, 642; 682) allows filling of and/or dispensing from the vessel (1).
8. 8. The spill inhibiting system of claim 7, wherein at least one of the channels (641, 642; 682) allows filling of and/or dispensing from the vessel (1) without user actuation thereof
9. 9. The spill inhibiting system of claim 7 or 8, wherein said at least one of the channels (641, 642; 682) is fluidly connected to a filling or dispensing aperture (7; 677; 155; 632g).
10. 10. The spill inhibiting system of claim 9 when dependent on claim 2, wherein at least one said aperture (632) is below the filling or dispensing aperture (7; 677; 155; 632g) when the appliance is in an upright position.
11. 11. The spill inhibiting system of claim 10, wherein said apertures (632) are substantially coplanar with the dispensing aperture (7; 677; 632g).
12. 12. The spill inhibiting system of claim 10 or 11, wherein each said aperture (632) is positioned substantially towards the front of the vessel.
13. 13. The spill inhibiting system of any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein at least two of said channels (641, 642; 682) are commonly connected to the filling or dispensing aperture (7, 677, 632g).
14. 14. The spill inhibiting system of claim 13, wherein at least two of said channels (641, 642; 682) are commonly connected to the filling or dispensing aperture (7, 677, 632g) within a manifold.
15. 15. The spill inhibiting system of claim 14, wherein the manifold is arranged substantially vertically when the vessel (1) is in an upright position.
16. 16. The spill inhibiting system of any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein the filling or dispensing aperture comprises a spout aperture (632g).
17. 17. The spill inhibiting system of claim 16, including a filter (652) for the spout aperture (632g).
18. 18. The spill inhibiting system of claim 14, wherein the manifold is arranged substantially horizontally.
19. 19. The spill inhibiting system of any one of claims 9 to 14 or 18, wherein the filling aperture comprises a lid aperture.
20. 20. The spill inhibiting system of claim 1 wherein each said channel (641; 642) has a respective outlet (645; 646), arranged such that when the vessel (1) is in its upright position the outlet (645; 646) of at least one of the channels (641, 642) vents the vessel (1); and such that when the vessel (1) is in a tipped position one of the inlets (643; 644) is above the liquid level (225) in the vessel (1) and vents the vessel (1) via its respective channel (641; 642) and outlet (645; 646), whilst the other inlet (643; 644) is below the liquid level (225) and its corresponding outlet (645; 646) is above the liquid level, thus impeding the flow of liquid.
21. 21. The spill inhibiting system of any preceding claim, wherein at least one of the channels (682c) is fluidly connected to a steam-sensitive control switch.
22. 22. The spill inhibiting system of any one of claims 5 to 21, including means for impeding the flow of liquid through at least one of the channels (641, 642; 682).
23. 23. The spill inhibiting system of claim 22, wherein the means for impeding comprises at least one baffle (647).
24. 24. The spill inhibiting system of claim 23, wherein the means for impeding comprises a plurality of baffles in a staggered arrangement.
25. 25. The spill inhibiting system of any preceding claim, wherein at least one of the venting apertures (92; 632) has a baffle (647) arranged inwardly thereto so as to impede the flow of liquid through the corresponding said venting aperture (92; 632) when the vessel is tipped over, without impeding the venting action of said aperture (92; 632).
26. 26. The spill inhibiting system of any preceding claim, fixed or removably secured to the vessel (1).
27. 27. The spill inhibiting system of any one of claims 1 to 26, arranged within a lid (8) for the vessel.
28. 28. The spill inhibiting system of 27, comprising at least one aperture (92, 362) in the base (66) of the lid.
29. 29. The spill inhibiting system of claim 28 when dependent on claim 2, wherein the lid base (66) comprises at least one baffle (647) on the underside so as to impede the flow of liquid through the corresponding said aperture (92; 632) when the vessel is tipped over, without impeding the venting action of said aperture (92; 632).
30. 30. The spill inhibiting system of any one of claims 1 to 26, arranged behind a spout (7) of the vessel.
31. 31. A spill inhibiting system for a liquid heating vessel, comprising a manifold through which the vessel can be filled and liquid can be poured out, the manifold acting to vent the liquid heating vessel when tipped over.
32. 32. The spill inhibiting system of any preceding claim, operable without any moving parts and/or user actuation.
33. 33. A kit of parts for the spill inhibiting system of any preceding claim.
34. 34. A lid (8) for a vessel (1), the lid (8) comprising the spill inhibiting system of claim 27.
35. 35. A spout assembly for a vessel, comprising the spill inhibiting system of claim 30.
36. 36. A steam chamber (640i) for a liquid heating vessel (1), the steam chamber (640i) comprising an inlet aperture (632c) opening into the vessel (1) and an outlet aperture (632d) for connection to a steam sensor, the steam chamber (640i) being arranged to impede liquid flow through the outlet aperture (632d) when the vessel (1) is tipped over.
37. 37. The steam chamber (640i) of claim 36, comprising at least one baffle (647g) arranged to impede said liquid flow.
38. 38. The steam chamber of claim 37, wherein the baffle (647g) forms a U-shaped channel within the steam chamber (640i).
39. 39. The steam chamber (640i) of any one of claims 36 to 38, wherein the inlet aperture (632c) is located to one side of the vessel (1), such that if the vessel is tipped over with that side uppennost, the inlet aperture (632c) is located above the liquid level within the vessel, and if the vessel is tipped over with the other side uppermost, the inlet aperture (632c) is located below the liquid level, but liquid is prevented by the steam chamber (640i) from flowing to the outlet aperture (632d).
40. 40. The spill inhibiting system and/or manifold and/or venting system and/or steam chamber, substantially as herein described with reference to and/or as shown in the accompanying drawings.