GB2494122A - Boundary layer turbine with heat recovery - Google Patents

Boundary layer turbine with heat recovery Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2494122A
GB2494122A GB1114864.0A GB201114864A GB2494122A GB 2494122 A GB2494122 A GB 2494122A GB 201114864 A GB201114864 A GB 201114864A GB 2494122 A GB2494122 A GB 2494122A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
text
turbine
steam
high pressure
electrical power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
GB1114864.0A
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GB201114864D0 (en
Inventor
Matthew George Salisbury
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to GB1114864.0A priority Critical patent/GB2494122A/en
Publication of GB201114864D0 publication Critical patent/GB201114864D0/en
Publication of GB2494122A publication Critical patent/GB2494122A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/34—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines characterised by non-bladed rotor, e.g. with drilled holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/34—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines characterised by non-bladed rotor, e.g. with drilled holes
    • F01D1/36—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines characterised by non-bladed rotor, e.g. with drilled holes using fluid friction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/005—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant by means of a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K19/00—Regenerating or otherwise treating steam exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K19/02—Regenerating by compression
    • F01K19/04—Regenerating by compression in combination with cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
    • F01K21/04—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for using mixtures of steam and gas; Plants generating or heating steam by bringing water or steam into direct contact with hot gas
    • F01K21/047—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for using mixtures of steam and gas; Plants generating or heating steam by bringing water or steam into direct contact with hot gas having at least one combustion gas turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/30—Adding water, steam or other fluids for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/30—Adding water, steam or other fluids for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases
    • F02C3/305—Increasing the power, speed, torque or efficiency of a gas turbine or the thrust of a turbojet engine by injecting or adding water, steam or other fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B5/00—Machines or engines characterised by non-bladed rotors, e.g. serrated, using friction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/60—Application making use of surplus or waste energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/10—Two-dimensional
    • F05D2250/15—Two-dimensional spiral
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
    • F05D2250/23—Three-dimensional prismatic
    • F05D2250/232—Three-dimensional prismatic conical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/232—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling characterized by the cooling medium
    • F05D2260/2322—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling characterized by the cooling medium steam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

An electrical power generator combines a boundary layer turbine 6 and heat recovery system 10 within one rotating system, and configured to be connected to a separate alternator, is provided. The boundary layer turbine may comprise a series of flat tangential spirals located at the perimeter to the turbine. A high pressure compressor may be provided to force ambient air into a combustion chamber 2, a second high pressure compressor may be configured to inject steam into the pressure chamber 3 thus reducing the temperature of the combustion by-products. The high pressure steam and combustion products may induce torque to the turbine, after which the steam may be condensed in a conical condenser 7. The condensed steam may be passed through a heat exchange recovery unit, in thermal communication with an exhaust outlet, to be heated prior to re-injected via the second high pressure compressor.

Description

Turbine with Heat Recovery This invention relates to a device for generating electrical power using the combination of superheated steam & gas exhaust to drive a turbine.
The internal combustion engine has traditionally been relatively inefficient, with significant energy loss coupled with complex & numerous moving parts. With the increasing development of hybrid-electric vehicles a solution which uses lightweight and simplified mechanical components, coupled with high fuel efficiency is proposed.
Hydrocarbons, such as petrol, diesel, methane etc. which are used within traditional i.e. Rankine/ Otto cycle internal combustion engines use the high pressures created by combustion to drive a piston. The hot combustion products once they have left the combustion chamber, i.e. the piston, are no longer useful although they contain significant energy. The use of steam turbines with heat recovery systems has helped improve efficiency with some systems reporting over 500k energy recovery. However steam turbines aren't suitable within cars due to the quantity of water needed and the high cost of manufacturing turbine blades.
Therefore a system which recovers more useful energy, without requiring a cold water supply and is simpler to manufactory is required.
The invention includes a turbine, directly connected to an inlet compressor and steam compressor. The pressurised inlet air is mixed with fuel to create a high temperature, high pressure flow. This is then combined with a re-circulating steam supply which has been compressed. The combined gases and steam are forced into a turbine which uses the boundary layer effect to induce torque on the turbine.
No blades or turning vanes are required. When the gases have imparted their energy they leave the turbine spiral and are directed to the centre of the generator.
(A separate alternator or a dynamo is used to generate the electric current for storage in a battery) Using the universal gas laws principles, the lighter by-product of combustion steam' is drawn back in to the generator to repeat the process. The combustion gases filter through the rotating heat exchanger. Steam is condensed, which then increases in density and is forced back into the generator. The exhaust product and any excess water are then vented.
The heat recovered by this heat exchanger is then used to heat the inlet air.
A highly efficient, compact, lightweight and relatively simple generator is therefore provided.
Figure 1 and Figure 2 provide an overview, with a description as follows: A high pressure compressor (1) forces ambient air into a combustion chamber (2).
[The inlet air is preheated from the exhaust recover system, Figure 2 (10)].
A separate high pressure compressor (4) injects steam into the pressure chamber (3), helping to reduce temperature and regulate combustion by-products. The high pressure superheated steam and exhaust gas is fed into a series of flat spirals forming the turbine (6). Using the boundary layer effect each spiral drags the turbine in a circular motion. The pressure energy is converted to rotational energy, which drives an alternator or a dynamo.
Superheated steam leaves the turbine spiral, and is directed internally to a separator stage at ambient pressure (5). A spinning heat exchanger recovers energy from the combustion gases, while the steam is condensed (8). The centrifugal force within the heat exchanger drives water (i.e. the condensed steam) back in to the device (14) reducing water loss, via the conical separator (7).
The spinning heat exchanger has a number of heat exchanger coils (12). Cold water [from the inlet exchanger via recirculation pipes (11)] flows from the centre, to the outside of the exchanger. Heat exchanger fins (13), connected to the pipes, allows combustion product to flow to the centre of exchanger. Fins are cooled by coils.
Dry combustion products (CO2 and N2) are then exhausted (9). Although some water will leave the system sufficient is recovered.
The second high pressure compressor (4) uses centrifugal force to pull primarily the lighter steam component of the exhaust gases (H20) back into the pressure chamber with the use of the Steam Separator Plate (5).
H20 is kept primarily in the gas phase throughout the cycle.

Claims (1)

  1. <claim-text>Claims 1. An electrical power generator combining a turbine and heat recovery system within one rotating system, connected to a separate alternator or a dynamo.</claim-text> <claim-text>2. An electrical power generator according to Claim 1, in which a boundary layer turbine is used to generate torque to turn the turbine.</claim-text> <claim-text>3. The turbine as described in Claim 2 uses a series of flat tangential spirals located at the perimeter of the turbine.</claim-text> <claim-text>4. An electrical power generator according to Claim 1, using a centrifugal heat exchanger designed to allow the passage of combustion products, while condensing water, forcing it back in to the electrical power generator according to Claim 1.</claim-text> <claim-text>5. A conical separator allows the condensed steam, as described in Claim 4, to re-enter the generator.</claim-text> <claim-text>6. The heat recovered from the centrifugal heat exchanger as described in Claim 4, is used to heat the inlet air for the electrical power generator.</claim-text>
GB1114864.0A 2011-08-29 2011-08-29 Boundary layer turbine with heat recovery Withdrawn GB2494122A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1114864.0A GB2494122A (en) 2011-08-29 2011-08-29 Boundary layer turbine with heat recovery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1114864.0A GB2494122A (en) 2011-08-29 2011-08-29 Boundary layer turbine with heat recovery

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201114864D0 GB201114864D0 (en) 2011-10-12
GB2494122A true GB2494122A (en) 2013-03-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (1)

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GB (1) GB2494122A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU167894U1 (en) * 2016-06-10 2017-01-11 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Российский государственный университет нефти и газа (национальный исследовательский университет) имени И.М. Губкина" ENGINE
CN108603409A (en) * 2016-02-02 2018-09-28 君能科技（香港）有限公司 The cone-type spiral gas turbine with homopolarity DC generators for the cooling of combination, heating, power, pressure, work(and water

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB351606A (en) * 1929-04-18 1931-07-02 B F Sturtevant Co Improvements in or relating to elastic fluid turbines
US3899875A (en) * 1974-01-16 1975-08-19 Robert A Oklejas Gas regeneration tesla-type turbine
GB2005355A (en) * 1977-10-06 1979-04-19 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Gas turbine unit
WO2000074203A1 (en) * 1999-05-26 2000-12-07 Active Power, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing an uninterruptible supply of electric power to a critical load
US20050169743A1 (en) * 2002-10-02 2005-08-04 Centripetal Dynamics, Inc. Method of and apparatus for a multi-stage boundary layer engine and process cell

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB351606A (en) * 1929-04-18 1931-07-02 B F Sturtevant Co Improvements in or relating to elastic fluid turbines
US3899875A (en) * 1974-01-16 1975-08-19 Robert A Oklejas Gas regeneration tesla-type turbine
GB2005355A (en) * 1977-10-06 1979-04-19 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Gas turbine unit
WO2000074203A1 (en) * 1999-05-26 2000-12-07 Active Power, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing an uninterruptible supply of electric power to a critical load
US20050169743A1 (en) * 2002-10-02 2005-08-04 Centripetal Dynamics, Inc. Method of and apparatus for a multi-stage boundary layer engine and process cell

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108603409A (en) * 2016-02-02 2018-09-28 君能科技（香港）有限公司 The cone-type spiral gas turbine with homopolarity DC generators for the cooling of combination, heating, power, pressure, work(and water
RU167894U1 (en) * 2016-06-10 2017-01-11 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Российский государственный университет нефти и газа (национальный исследовательский университет) имени И.М. Губкина" ENGINE

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