GB2474029A - Ultra compact internal combustion piston engine having rack gears - Google Patents

Ultra compact internal combustion piston engine having rack gears Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2474029A
GB2474029A GB0917179A GB0917179A GB2474029A GB 2474029 A GB2474029 A GB 2474029A GB 0917179 A GB0917179 A GB 0917179A GB 0917179 A GB0917179 A GB 0917179A GB 2474029 A GB2474029 A GB 2474029A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
gears
internal combustion
pmrgs
pistons
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0917179A
Other versions
GB0917179D0 (en
GB2474029B (en
Inventor
Paul Etherton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB0917179.4A priority Critical patent/GB2474029B/en
Publication of GB0917179D0 publication Critical patent/GB0917179D0/en
Publication of GB2474029A publication Critical patent/GB2474029A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2474029B publication Critical patent/GB2474029B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/32—Engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding main groups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B11/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines without rotary main shaft, e.g. of free-piston type
    • F01B11/009—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines without rotary main shaft, e.g. of free-piston type in which the movement in two directions is obtained by two or more double acting piston motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F01B3/0002—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F01B3/0005—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
    • F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
    • F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
    • F01B9/042—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the connections comprising gear transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
    • F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
    • F01B9/047—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft with rack and pinion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/002—Double acting engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/26—Engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main-shaft axis; Engines with cylinder axes arranged substantially tangentially to a circle centred on main-shaft axis

Abstract

An internal combustion engine has double-ended pistons 5 and a combustion chamber at the end of each cylinder. Instead of connecting rods and a crankshaft, the movement of the pistons is recovered by piston motion recovery gears (PMRGs) the outer surfaces of which engage with rack gears which protrude from each side of the pistons 5. The outer surface of each PMRG has a total of 180 degrees of gear teeth, two sections of 90 degrees at 90 degree intervals. The PMRGs turn secondary bevel gears which turn the primary gears 2 and primary gear shafts 1. The engine can operate on a two-stroke or a four-stroke cycle. As each piston reaches top dead centre the toothed sections of PMRGs are parallel, the timing for this being provided by the primary and secondary gears.

Description

Ultra-compact Internal combustion engine This invention relates to a more compact form of internal combustion engine.
Presently, the vast majority of motor cars are powered by an internal combustion engine. The drawbacks of these powerplants is that they are heavy, take up a lot of space within the car's structure and require a lot of materials for their construction.
To overcome these drawbacks the present invention creates a smaller powerplant by managing to function with fewer parts than a conventional internal combustion engine. It functions without the connecting rods or a crankshaft, found in a regular engine. It also has a smaller engine block because each cylinder has a double-ended piston with a combustion chamber at each end. This means the Ultra-compact internal combustion engine (UCICE) will have the performance characteristics of a typical four cylinder engine while being little longer than a twin cylinder engine and more compact than a flat-four engine.
Because the UCICE occupies such little space and is so light it presents a number of advantages over conventional internal combustion engines. It can be located closer to the centre of the vehicle's wheelbase for improved vehicle dynamics. It can be mounted lower in a vehicle for a lower centre of gravity and improved pedestrian impact safety. It will be lighter, providing better fuel economy and lower emissions. Space saved, by using the UCICE, can be used for something else i.e another boot or more cabin space. UCICE would be particularly useful in hybrid vehicles where two powerplants have to be accommodated in one vehicle.
An example of the invention will now be described by referring to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 shows the primary bevel gears that are at the centre of the UCICE. They are attached to two seperate shafts and are able (and intended) to turn in opposite directions.
Figure 2 shows how the primary bevel gears would engage with the secondary bevel gears. Also shown is how the primary gears would make the secondary bevel gear shafts turn i.e in opposte directions.
Figure 3 shows the secondary bevel gear shafts mounted onto the centre of the piston motion recovery gears (PMRG). The PMRGs have a total of 180 degrees of their surface covered in gear teeth. There are 90 degrees of teeth followed by 90 degrees without teeth, 90 degrees with teeth, degrees without.
Figure 4 shows the double-ended pistons and how they engage with the PMRGs. Each piston has a rack gear attached on either side. The rack gears are outside of the piston liner. As a piston travels up, it's rack gear engages with the teeth of one of the PMRGs and turns the PMRG. During this stroke the rack gear on the other side of the piston does not engage with the opposite PMRG because that PMRG is turning in the opposite direction and at this stage of the cycle that PMRG's surface is the 90 degree quarter without teeth. This process is continuous in the cycle of the engine, on the up-stroke of either piston the rack gear on one side engages with 1 of the PMRGs and on the down-stroke it engages with the opposite PMRG. At the top dead centre of either piston the PMRG's toothed sections are parallel.
Figure 5 shows the pistons and all the internal components from the previous illustrations located in the engine block of the UCICE. The PMRGs would be held in place by journals on the inner wall of the engine block, through which the shaft of the secondary gears would pass. Also shown is the output shaft of the primary gears. This shaft could be used for the timing gear and/or the ancillaries and/or linked to the transmission to power the car. An output shaft could also be run from either of the PMRGs for the transmission or ancillaries.
Figure 6 shows how both cylinder heads would be attached to the engine block.

Claims (3)

  1. Claims 1. An internal combustion engine with double-ended pistons and a combustion chamber at the end of each cylinder, motion from the pistons is harnessed with gears.
  2. 2. An UCICE according to claim 1, which features two or more pistons.
  3. 3. An UCICE according to claim 1, can be engineered to work on either a two-stroke or four-stroke cycle.
GB0917179.4A 2009-10-01 2009-10-01 Ultra-compact internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related GB2474029B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0917179.4A GB2474029B (en) 2009-10-01 2009-10-01 Ultra-compact internal combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0917179.4A GB2474029B (en) 2009-10-01 2009-10-01 Ultra-compact internal combustion engine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0917179D0 GB0917179D0 (en) 2009-11-18
GB2474029A true GB2474029A (en) 2011-04-06
GB2474029B GB2474029B (en) 2015-07-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0917179.4A Expired - Fee Related GB2474029B (en) 2009-10-01 2009-10-01 Ultra-compact internal combustion engine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2474029B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106948924A (en) * 2017-04-27 2017-07-14 陈远进 A kind of high-torque exports fuel-efficient energy-saving piston engine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108204275A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-06-26 中北大学 Novel wheel-train driven type engine

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1734489A (en) * 1928-11-26 1929-11-05 Jereb Paul Internal-combustion engine
US3510703A (en) * 1968-04-01 1970-05-05 Hermann Klaue Electric generator
US3868932A (en) * 1972-07-21 1975-03-04 Jozsef Toth Reciprocating engine
US5673665A (en) * 1995-11-11 1997-10-07 Kia Motors Corporation Engine with rack gear-type piston rod
WO2004031538A1 (en) * 2002-09-19 2004-04-15 Moukarzel, Badih, Faouzi Reciprocating piston engine
WO2004113701A1 (en) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-29 3Rd Millennium Solutions, Ltd. Internal combustion engine having dual piston cylinders and linear drive arrangement
US6981483B1 (en) * 2002-11-18 2006-01-03 Keip Charles P Linear gear transfer drive assembly
WO2007035159A1 (en) * 2005-09-21 2007-03-29 Harju-Linearwandler Gbr An engine arrangement
WO2009143672A1 (en) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-03 Lu Hsuehpen A multi-circulation driving system of a linear, reciprocating and four-stroke engine

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB719392A (en) * 1951-10-11 1954-12-01 Vivian Graham Worthington Improvements in driving gear for two-stroke double-acting internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1734489A (en) * 1928-11-26 1929-11-05 Jereb Paul Internal-combustion engine
US3510703A (en) * 1968-04-01 1970-05-05 Hermann Klaue Electric generator
US3868932A (en) * 1972-07-21 1975-03-04 Jozsef Toth Reciprocating engine
US5673665A (en) * 1995-11-11 1997-10-07 Kia Motors Corporation Engine with rack gear-type piston rod
WO2004031538A1 (en) * 2002-09-19 2004-04-15 Moukarzel, Badih, Faouzi Reciprocating piston engine
US6981483B1 (en) * 2002-11-18 2006-01-03 Keip Charles P Linear gear transfer drive assembly
WO2004113701A1 (en) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-29 3Rd Millennium Solutions, Ltd. Internal combustion engine having dual piston cylinders and linear drive arrangement
WO2007035159A1 (en) * 2005-09-21 2007-03-29 Harju-Linearwandler Gbr An engine arrangement
WO2009143672A1 (en) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-03 Lu Hsuehpen A multi-circulation driving system of a linear, reciprocating and four-stroke engine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106948924A (en) * 2017-04-27 2017-07-14 陈远进 A kind of high-torque exports fuel-efficient energy-saving piston engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0917179D0 (en) 2009-11-18
GB2474029B (en) 2015-07-15

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20191001