GB2472040A - Cultivation of algae for microclimate modification - Google Patents
Cultivation of algae for microclimate modification Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2472040A GB2472040A GB0912717A GB0912717A GB2472040A GB 2472040 A GB2472040 A GB 2472040A GB 0912717 A GB0912717 A GB 0912717A GB 0912717 A GB0912717 A GB 0912717A GB 2472040 A GB2472040 A GB 2472040A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- seawater
- algae
- mesh
- water
- irrigation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009365 permaculture Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000125183 Crithmum maritimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G15/00—Devices or methods for influencing weather conditions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
Apparatus for the cultivation of algae seaweed or salt water plants comprises a generally vertical frameFfrom which a mesh or plurality of ropesBare suspended. The algae grow on the mesh or ropes which may be impregnated by algal spores and are irrigated by seawater which is sprayed or mistedDover the ropes/mesh. The frames are arranged in lines at right angles to the prevailing wind and rows of conventional crops may be grown in between rows of the algae cultivation apparatus. The misting spray keeps the algae moist and provides high levels of evaporation, therefore locally increasing the humidity of the air. Use of the apparatus has the potential for modification of outdoor micro-climate.
Description
Algal Microclimate Modification System
Introduction
In recent years, a number of researchers have developed systems for the cultivation of macro-algae (Seaweed) under a seawater spray. Some workers have used a fine mist spray of seawater applied continuously to maintain a film of water over the crop at all times. Other workers have used intermittent spray -mimicking the inter-tidal zone.
Where this kind of cultivation has been attempted, the primary purpose has been to culture high value macro-algae with reduced water pumping requirements, and without the need for constructing tanks. Crop levels achieved have been in the range 1.8 to 16 dry tons per hectare year.
The Process Whilst the potential for cropping air grown macro-algae using a cultivation system utilising seawater mist has been recognised for many years, the potential of the process for favourable modification of outdoor micro-climate is yet to be exploited.
This process innovation proposes to address micro-climate manipulation using crops such as, but not limited to, macro-algae grown under seawater spray, and or evaporators made of various fibres to deliberately lower temperature and wind speed and increase humidity over significant areas of desert which will thus be rendered more suitable for cultivation. The process will result in a greatly reduced demand for irrigation water, so allowing for far more land to be cultivated. When applied over a wide enough area, the technique offers the possibility of enhanced rainfall over large areas, spreading the benefits of the project far beyond the immediately involved area.
In certain areas, salty aquifers exist which provide an alternate to seawater, and which could be used far distant from the sea. The salty aquifer varient would require full evaporation and salt harvesting to avoid land contamination.
The parts of the system 1. A pump and tank / reservoir system containing appropriate filters to provide seawater to the farm.
2. A mist irrigation system designed for seawater. The system has the potential to deliver fertilizer or other substances of use in management of the crops.
3. a. A cultivation system in which macro-algae, samphire, or other crops able to tolerate seawater irrigation are grown either at ground level -for example on sand, hydroponic media or pebbles, or raised / suspended from systems such as nets. In this latter case of nets, a larger surface is exposed both for evaporation and photosynthesis, thereby offering enhanced opportunity for cooling. Where nets are used, the cultivation system to include the option to impregnate the nets with algal spores and growth promoters to reduce the labour demands of setting up cultivation. Whichever form this takes, the system includes provision for draining brine either back to the sea, or to saltpans for safe disposal.
b. An alternative could be used consisting of evaporators made of cardboard, cellulose, recycled cloth or other suitable material onto which seawater is sprayed or dripped.
c. A hybrid system would also be possible in which cellulose based evaporators are impregnated with algal spores and various trace nutrients / growth promoters. This would have the advantage of offering full evaporation even before the algae have had a chance to grow.
4. Spore impregnated cultivating mesh I net / cellulose mat will hang down from a supporting structure to allow multiple growth points at varying heights.
5. An impermeable membrane such as a pond liner is used to catch and return to the sea, to saltpans, or other safe disposal the residual seawater dripping from the seaweed cultures or other evaporative surfaces.
6. Fine mesh nets are placed alongside the cultivation system suitable to catch stray spray, so preventing salt contamination of the land in between the sea water plots.
7. The system is designed with regular spacing, designed and fixed in such a way as to permit mechanical harvesting of algae using robotic systems with vision recognition sensors and programming.
The overall system In this system, seawater cultivation is arranged in lines at right angles to the prevailing wind. Seawater cultivation takes up a relatively small part of the land with fields of conventional crops grown between. As an example, seawater cultivation might occur in rows 2-5 meters wide with 50 meter fields in between for other cultivation or alternate purposes.
The system has potential to substantially modify the precipitation I potential evapotranspiration ratio (moisture index). Moisture index in dry regions is negative, with the degree of negativity indicating how arid the region is. The system brings this ratio much closer to zero or in certain cases make it positive.
Related greenhouse systems which make use of seawater evaporation to humidify their crops have been shown to be capable of condensing around 100 tons of water per hectare per day from their "exhaust air" in hot desert conditions, providing a substantial cooling effect of as much as 20 degrees centigrade, and a substantial rise in both relative and absolute humidity as well as a substantial and reliable supply of water for other purposes. Evaporation of at least 100 tons per hectare is therefore expected outdoors in desert conditions, and possibly significantly higher in windy conditions. (This figure relates to average of the whole farm, not just the areas of macro-algae cultivation) Evaporating such quantities of water will result in significant drops in temperature and rises in relative humidity due to latent heat of evaporation. A further contribution to reducing evapotranspiration of plants in the fields between the seawater cultivation strips occurs as a result of the windbreak effect of the seawater cultivation systems, particularly where suspended or raised cultures provide a hedge.
Where temperature and wind speed are reduced and humidity is raised, plant demand for water is substantially cut, so offering the possibility of growing certain drought tolerant crops in conditions which in the absence of the system would be too dry.
Conventional cropping is enhanced by low cost and lightweight mesh shading to further reduce evaporation. Some degree of dew can be expected to form as temperatures drop at night, a process which can be encouraged by offering suitable fine mesh surfaces which encourage condensation. In this way, a modest degree of irrigation can be provided. The system further offers the possibility of growing a wider variety of crops using relatively modest amounts of irrigation using the limited water supply which is available. Condensers can also be employed in which seawater on its way to the irrigation system is used to provide a chilled surface to collect water.
Outdoor application of the evaporative cooling effect is for obvious reasons less constrained than in a greenhouse environment, and so temperature reductions and increases in humidity levels are smaller than in the greenhouse system. This is however greatly offset by major reductions in capital costs as compared to greenhouse systems. Due to air movements resulting from wind and convection, the system is likely to work more efficiently the larger the area covered, with the highest humidity and lowest temperatures found on the down wind edge of the system. Whilst the system is little less effective as a result of not being constrained, the benefits spread beyond the boundaries of the farm with increased humidity and lower temperatures for some distance downwind of the system. If a large enough system is installed, evaporation could be sufficient to trigger cloud formation and rainfall to the benefit of people at considerable distance downwind. In areas where a flat coastal region is backed by mountains, it is indeed possible that sufficient extra rain will fall in the mountains to provide through hydroelectricity the power required to run the system.
As a general benefit of the system, reduced water demand per hectare of farmed land, and the possibility of cultivating land which is otherwise too dry improves both food and water security.
In order to minimise limescale formation in seawater pipes, physical methods of control are used with the use of alternating magnetic poles. This results in fine crystals of calcium salts which are filtered out for utilisation in a number of products and processes. Precipitation within the seawater is enhanced during evaporation by the injection of carbon dioxide, making the process a net absorber of carbon dioxide.
Components as per fig 1, 2, 3 A. Support cage to suspend macro algae -local materials where possible.
B. Suspension mesh or ropes for macro-algae (impregnated with spores so growth occurs at all levels).
C. Drainage channel -waterproof liner to prevent salt ingress into soil.
D. Misting spray -fine spray of seawater to keep the algae constantly moist and give high levels of evaporation.
E. Lightweight shading mesh to top and sides of conventional crops growing alongside the algal cultivation.
F. Support frame incorporating seawater mist spray delivery system G. Mesh to sides of algae cultivation system-fine mesh to catch drops of salty water, preventing contamination of surrounding land.
I-I. Support pole for shading mesh.
J. Conventional crops
Claims (22)
- Claims 1. Sea water irrigation of seawater and other seawater irrigable crops permits deliberate and controlled manipulation of micro-climate in regards to temperature and humidity.
- 2. Evaporation from constructed seawater evaporators modifies micro-climate deliberately and controllably reducing temperature (particularly maximum temperature) and increasing both relative and absolute humidity.
- 3. The system uses unconstrained outdoor evaporation, so increasing humidity and reducing temperature over a wide area.
- 4. The system prevents contamination of the soil with salt by using fine mesh to catch spray, and waterproof drainage membrane to remove brine to the sea.
- 5. The system by growing algae out of water avoids contamination or consumption of the crop by molluscs and other marine grazing creatures.
- 6. The system removes cultivation from the sea allowing greater control of nutrients contributing to high product quality.
- 7. Evapotranspiration from crops grown near the evaporators is reduced so that any rain or salt free irrigation applied to the land flushes out and reduces the salinity of the land, further improving its suitability for cultivation and widening the available choice of crops across a dispersed area.
- 8. As salt is washed out of desert soils, and crops are consistently grown, organic matter builds up in the soil improving its quality and crop potential.
- 9. In favourable conditions situations, the local micro-climate modification is sufficient to establish self sustaining desert permaculture so permitting the system to be moved to a new area once the permaculture is established, lowering the capital cost of establishing permaculture.
- 10. The system enhances biological capture of Carbon Dioxide making a useful contribution to mitigating climate change.
- 11. When carried out on a large scale, the system results in sufficient evaporation to permit the formation of clouds, and thus trigger rainfall -so having useful effects beyond the boundaries of the system.
- 12. Where rain is increased by the system and falls at higher altitudes, there is a possibility of boosting hydroelectric power generation offsetting any power required to run the system.
- 13. That where water for irrigation is limited, the system will permit the irrigation of several times more land than would otherwise be possible due to reduced evapotranspiration.
- 14. A degree of water capture can be added to the system using dew catching systems to make a direct contribution to irrigation water supplies, and or to the supply of potable water to the local population.
- 15. The addition of dew catching mesh to the system permits flushing of salt contaminated soil so making it more suitable for plant growth.
- 16. The system produces macro-algae allowing local production of moisture retaining gels with which soil moisture retention is improved, limiting loss of water arising from excess drainage or soil evaporation.
- 1 7. The system permits workers to carry out their duties in modest temperatures rather than the extremes experienced under unmodified desert conditions.
- 1 8. By utilising spore impregnated mesh, net or cellulose evaporators, manual processes can be reduced increasing crop yield per worker.
- 19. The system incorporates features which permit automated harvesting by machine using farm machine utilising machine vision technology.
- 20. Use of carbon dioxide to precipitate calcium salts from the seawater allows the system to mitigate climate change
- 21. Use of carbon dioxide to precipitate calcium salts from the seawater allows the system reduce limescale production.
- 22. Use of alternating pole magnetic systems reduces maintenance requirements for the pipe systems.AMENDMENTS TO THE CLAIMS HAVE BEEN MADE AS FOLLOWSClaims 1. A system for cultivating macro-algae in air with seawater spray irrigation and secondary evaporative cooling and humidification resulting in local climate modification, comprising a support cage, ropes or mesh impregnated with macro-algae spores, a waterproof liner for drainage, lightweight shading mesh to top and sides, fine side mesh to capture seawater droplets preventing contamination of land with salt and misting spray irrigation equipment designed for seawater and permitting modification of the dissolved components of seawater, in addition, the system incorporating magnetic technology to prevent limescale formation in the pipes and the addition of CO2 to precipitate Calcium Carbonate from the seawater and the optional addition of dew catching mesh for night time water capture.2. A cultivation / evaporation system according to claim 1 that is designed to evaporate large quantities of seawater from evaporators which may or may not be living macro-algae in order to modify micro-climate deliberately and controllably reducing temperature (particularly maximum temperature) and increasing both relative and absolute humidty.Q 3. A system according to claim 1 using unconstrained outdoor evaporation from either manmade evaporators or growing macro-algae to increase humidity and reduce temperature over a wide area.4. A system according to claim 1 that prevents contamination of the soil with salt by using fine mesh to catch spray, and waterproof drainage membrane to remove brine to the sea.5. A system according to claim 1 for growing macro-algae out of water on ropes or mesh thereby avoiding contamination or consumption of the crop by molluscs and other marine grazing creatures.6. A system according to claim 1 which removes macro-algal cultivation from the sea to allow greater control of nutrients in the seawater by selective addition contributing to high product quality.7. A system according to claim 1 which reduces temperatures and raises relative humidity to reduce evapotranspiration from crops grown near the evaporators so that any rain or salt free irrigation applied to the land flushes out and reduces the salinity of the land to improve its suitability for cultivation and widen the available choice of crops across a dispersed area.8. A system according to claim 1 where as salt is washed out of desert soils, and crops are consistently grown, organic matter builds up in the soil improving its quality and crop potential.9. In favourable conditions, the local micro-climate modification system in claim 1 is sufficient to establish self sustaining desert permaculture to permit the system to be moved to a new area once the permaculture is established.10. A system according to claim 1 that cools and humidifies the air to permit the irrigation of several times more land than would otherwise be possible due to reduces evapotranspiration.11. A degree of water capture added to the system in claim 1 using dew catching systems to make a direct contribution to irrigation water supplies, and or to the supply of potable water to the local population.12. The addition of dew catching mesh to the system in claim 1 to permit flushing of salt contaminated soil to make it more suitable for plant growth.13. The system in claim 1 produces macro-algae allowing local production of moisture retaining gels with which soil moisture retention is improved, limiting loss of water arising from excess drainage or soil evaporation.14. The system according to claim 1 that permits workers to carry out their duties in modest temperatures rather than the extremes experienced under unmodified desert conditions.15. Utilising spore impregnated mesh, net or cellulose evaporators in the system according to claim 1 to reduce manual processes and increase crop yield per Y) 16. The system according to claim 1 incorporates features which permit automated C_ harvesting by machine using farm machine utilising machine vision technology.17. Use of carbon dioxide in the system in claim ito precipitate calcium salts from the seawater and allow the system to mitigate climate change.18. Use of carbon dioxide in the system in claim ito precipitate calcium salts from the seawater and allow the system reduce limescale production.19. Use of alternating pole magnetic systems in the system in claim ito reduce maintenance requirements for the pipe systems.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0912717A GB2472040A (en) | 2009-07-22 | 2009-07-22 | Cultivation of algae for microclimate modification |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0912717A GB2472040A (en) | 2009-07-22 | 2009-07-22 | Cultivation of algae for microclimate modification |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0912717D0 GB0912717D0 (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| GB2472040A true GB2472040A (en) | 2011-01-26 |
Family
ID=41058340
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0912717A Withdrawn GB2472040A (en) | 2009-07-22 | 2009-07-22 | Cultivation of algae for microclimate modification |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2472040A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108601328A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-09-28 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | The hydroponic culture system of seawater and the cultivation system for seeding and seedling raising are used |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112352670A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-12 | 王智刚 | Facility internal scale annual production technology of seaweed |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2854792A (en) * | 1956-09-20 | 1958-10-07 | Ionics | Method and apparatus for propagating algae culture |
| JPS5435094A (en) * | 1977-08-11 | 1979-03-14 | Hokkaido Giyogiyou Kiyoudoukum | Land culturing method of seaweeds |
| WO1981002660A1 (en) * | 1980-03-19 | 1981-10-01 | H Moeller | Process and apparatus for commercial farming of marine and freshwater hydrophytes |
| JPS61249382A (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1986-11-06 | Yoshimi Akasaka | Spray culture device for diatom |
| US5981271A (en) * | 1996-11-06 | 1999-11-09 | Mikrobiologicky Ustav Akademie Ved Ceske Republiky | Process of outdoor thin-layer cultivation of microalgae and blue-green algae and bioreactor for performing the process |
| WO2003066799A1 (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2003-08-14 | Vaktek As | Device for production of algae |
| JP2003333947A (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-25 | Koasa Shoji Kk | Method for culturing marine algae |
| CN1977589A (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2007-06-13 | 朱平生 | Desert treatment |
| KR20090011132U (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-10-29 | 김홍일 | Vertical hydroponics apparatus |
-
2009
- 2009-07-22 GB GB0912717A patent/GB2472040A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2854792A (en) * | 1956-09-20 | 1958-10-07 | Ionics | Method and apparatus for propagating algae culture |
| JPS5435094A (en) * | 1977-08-11 | 1979-03-14 | Hokkaido Giyogiyou Kiyoudoukum | Land culturing method of seaweeds |
| WO1981002660A1 (en) * | 1980-03-19 | 1981-10-01 | H Moeller | Process and apparatus for commercial farming of marine and freshwater hydrophytes |
| JPS61249382A (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1986-11-06 | Yoshimi Akasaka | Spray culture device for diatom |
| US5981271A (en) * | 1996-11-06 | 1999-11-09 | Mikrobiologicky Ustav Akademie Ved Ceske Republiky | Process of outdoor thin-layer cultivation of microalgae and blue-green algae and bioreactor for performing the process |
| WO2003066799A1 (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2003-08-14 | Vaktek As | Device for production of algae |
| JP2003333947A (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-25 | Koasa Shoji Kk | Method for culturing marine algae |
| CN1977589A (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2007-06-13 | 朱平生 | Desert treatment |
| KR20090011132U (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-10-29 | 김홍일 | Vertical hydroponics apparatus |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108601328A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-09-28 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | The hydroponic culture system of seawater and the cultivation system for seeding and seedling raising are used |
| EP3437463A4 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2020-01-15 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Hydroponic system using seawater and cultivation system for growing seeds and seedlings |
| US11343984B2 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2022-05-31 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Hydroponic system using seawater and cultivation system for growing seeds and seedlings |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0912717D0 (en) | 2009-08-26 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |