GB2470899A - Thermal storage water cylinder comprising a diffuser manifold - Google Patents

Thermal storage water cylinder comprising a diffuser manifold Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2470899A
GB2470899A GB0909799A GB0909799A GB2470899A GB 2470899 A GB2470899 A GB 2470899A GB 0909799 A GB0909799 A GB 0909799A GB 0909799 A GB0909799 A GB 0909799A GB 2470899 A GB2470899 A GB 2470899A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
cylinder
water
manifold
thermal storage
heated water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB0909799A
Other versions
GB0909799D0 (en
Inventor
Neil Arthur Sawers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alley Enterprises Ltd
Original Assignee
Alley Enterprises Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alley Enterprises Ltd filed Critical Alley Enterprises Ltd
Priority to GB0909799A priority Critical patent/GB2470899A/en
Publication of GB0909799D0 publication Critical patent/GB0909799D0/en
Publication of GB2470899A publication Critical patent/GB2470899A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/12—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes
    • F24H9/13—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes for water heaters
    • F24H9/133—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D20/0039—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material with stratification of the heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/04—Gas or oil fired boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/06—Solid fuel fired boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0069—Distributing arrangements; Fluid deflecting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0078—Heat exchanger arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

A thermal storage water cylinder 1 has at least two heated water inlets 12 for delivering hot water into the cylinder, a cold water inlet, and at least one hot water outlet. Each of the heated water inlets comprises a pipe projecting into the cylinder and connecting to a diffuser manifold 10 mounted in the cylinder. The manifold has a number of flow outlets 11 for delivery of hot water into the cylinder. The heated water inlets may be connected to a variety of external heat generating sources such as oil or gas fired boilers, solar panels, heat pumps, electrical heaters, or return water from a central heating system. Preferably, the height of the heated water inlets above the base 3 of the cylinder is chosen with respect to the expected water delivery temperature. The manifold may be situated vertically within the cylinder and have circumferentially arranged outlet holes located at various heights. A flow restricting device, such as a flow diffuser, may be mounted between the heated water inlets and the diffuser manifold to minimise turbulence. In use, the diffuser manifold is designed to reduce the turbulence generated by multiple inflows of heated water so as to maintain the natural thermal stratification of the water in the cylinder.

Description

"A Thermal Water Storage Cylinder"
Introduction
The present invention relates to a thermal water storage cylinder of the type having a base, end cap and side walls, interconnecting the base and end cap, comprising a water supply inlet fed by a separate external heat generating source and a water supply outlet for feeding an externally mounted heat generator and optionally an internally mounted heat generating device in the thermal water storage cylinder.
The term "thermal water storage cylinder" or, for brevity, "the cylinder", is used to describe any water store usually in the form of any enclosed vessel. All such enclosed vessels once mounted in situ have effectively an upper portion, a bottom or base portion and slides connecting the two. A cylinder for the storage of liquids such as water generally has two end caps connected by a cylindrical sidewall and can be placed either on its sidewall with the two end caps facing or with one of the end caps placed on its end and accordingly forming a base and the other effectively a top end cap. As mentioned already, it does not have to be a cylindrical tank and could be a vessel of any shape.
External heat generating sources could, for example, be an oil, gas or solid fuel fired boiler delivering hot water through an inlet' port, a coil mounted in the cylinder forming part of a solar panel assembly or a heat pump assembly (air source or ground source). The heated water inlets could be open inlets delivering water into the thermal water storage cylinder directly from any external heat generating source such as the aforementioned oil and gas fired boilers, solar panels, heat pumps or even electrical heaters, though generally the latter are more likely to be electrical "immersion heaters" mounted in the cylinder. Further, the heated water inlets will be chosen having regard to the expected temperature of the water being delivered into the cylinder. In some cases this water could in fact be return water from for example a central heating system where the water would be considerably warmer than that of a mains water supply.
It is the latter, namely, the delivery directly of hot water into the store, that causes the problems. If the heated water is relatively hot, having regard to the draw-off temperature required from the cylinder, then the heated water will be delivered near the top of the cylinder adjacent the end cap, while if it is relatively cold, such as the return water from a central heating system, it would be delivered into the cylinder near the bottom of the cylinder and close to the base.
What happens when the heated water is delivered into the cylinder is that it tends to cause turbulence in the cylinder and destroys the natural thermal stratification of the water in the cylinder due to convection and the temperature of the water in the cylinder is more uniform than is desirable as it takes some time for stratification to re--establish. Accordingly, if there is considerable flow in and out of the cylinder over short periods of time, the draw-off temperature is lower than it should be, or is as effectively all the water is mixed together in the cylinder and having, as is normal, the draw-off taking place adjacent to the top of the cylinder, serves no purpose.
The present invention is directed towards providing a thermal water storage cylinder which will overcome this problem and will additionally provide an extremely efficient form of thermal water storage.
Statements of invention
According to the invention, there is provided a thermal storage water cylinder, having at least two heated water inlets for delivering hot water into the cylinder, a cold water inlet and at least one hot water outlet characterised in that: each of the heated water inlets comprises a pipe projecting into the cylinder and connecting to a diffuser manifold mounted in the cylinder, the manifold having a plurality of outlets for delivery of water from the manifold to the cylinder.
The advantage of this arrangement is that the heat stratification within the cylinder is maintained. There will undoubtedly be some mixing within the manifold but it would be considerably less than if the water were to be delivered directly into the cylinder you.
Ideally, the manifold extends substantially vertically in use. If one were not do so then there would be little point in having different inlets into the manifold.
In one embodiment of the invention, the outlets in the manifold are circumferentially arranged at various heights around the manifold. Again, this prevents turbulence and a dual mixing. It will be appreciated that the height of the heated water inlets above the base is chosen having regard to the expected temperature of the water being delivered in the cylinder.
It is envisaged that a flow restricting device may be mounted in one or more of the heated water inlets and in this way the water entering the manifold is less likely to cause turbulence. To achieve exactly the same result a flow diffuser may be mounted between the heated water inlet and the diffuser manifold.
At least one of the heat and water inlets may be supplied by return water from a heat utilisation device.
In one embodiment of the invention the thermal storage water cylinder is provided by a cylindrical vessel having a vertically mounted cylindrical sidewall and a pair of semi-spherical end caps.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description of an embodiment thereof, given by way of example only, with reference the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a thermal water storage cylinder according to the invention, Figure 2 is vertical cross-sectional view of the thermal water storage cylinder of Figure 1, along the line X-X of Figure 3, Figure 3 is a typical horizontal cross-sectional view of the thermal water storage cylinder, Figure 4 is an exploded view of a thermal cladding housing for the thermal water storage cylinder, Figure 5 is a front view of the thermal cladding housing with the thermal water storage cylinder housed therein, and Figure 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the thermal cladding housing and thermal water storage tank.
Referring to the drawings and initially to Figures 1 to 3 thereof, there is provided a thermal water storage cylinder, indicated generally by the reference numeral 1. The thermal water storage cylinder 1 comprises a top end cap 2 and a base, indicated generally by the reference numeral 3, connected together by a side wall 4. The base 3 comprises a bottom end cap 5 on a circular support skirt 6.
Referring now to Figure 2, there is illustrated a substantially vertically arranged diffuser manifold 10, in this embodiment, in a rectangular cross-section chamber having a plurality of vertically and circumferentially spaced-apart outlets 11 formed by holes in the manifold 10. The manifold 10 is fed by heated water inlets 12 formed by pipes projecting out of the cylinder 1. In this embodiment, there are illustrated six heated water inlets 12. The heated water inlets 12 are connected, as required, to, for example, a gas or oil fired boiler, a solid fuel boiler such as a wood pellet boiler, a heat pump and so on. Other water heating devices may also be connected to the terminal water storage cylinder 1 such as, for example, a set of solar panels which do not directly transmit hot water to a storage cylinder. There is illustrated twin coils 20 fed by coil pipes 21 from a solar panel assembly. The twin coils 20 are supported in the terminal water storage cylinder, one by a vertically arranged support 24 which partially obscures the manifold 10 in Figure 2.
It should be noted that the heated water inlets 12 are at varying heights in the cylinder 1. This arrangement is chosen having regard to the expected inlet temperature of the water entering the cylinder 1. It will be appreciated that in certain cases this water inlet temperature may be relatively high even though it is in effect return water from some heated water using device such as a radiator.
Accordingly, not all the heated water inlets 12 are necessarily fed by heat sources or generators.
It is envisaged that to ensure the maximum heat stratification is achieved in the manifold 10 it may be necessary to provide internal baffle plates for reducing turbulence within the manifold.
Referring to Figures 4 to 6 (inclusive), there is illustrated a cladding sleeve 30 having a top cladding disk 31 and a bottom cladding disk 32 for housing the thermal water storage cylinder 1. The cladding sleeve 30 surrounds the thermal water storage cylinder 1 and may also contain insulation material if so required.
In this specification, the terms "comprise", "comprises", "comprised" and "comprising" and the terms "include", "includes", "included" and including" are deemed totally interchangeable and should be afforded the widest possible interpretation.
The invention is not limited to the embodiment hereinbefore described but may be varied in both construction and detail within the scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

  1. CLAIMS1. A thermal storage water cylinder, having at least two heated water inlets for delivering hot water into the cylinder, a cold water inlet and at least one hot water outlet characterised in that: each of the heated water inlets comprises a pipe projecting into the cylinder and connecting to a diffuser manifold mounted in the cylinder, the manifold having a plurality of outlets for delivery of water from the manifold to the cylinder.
  2. 2. A thermal storage water cylinder as claimed in claim 1, in which the manifold extends substantially vertically in use.
  3. 3. A thermal storage water cylinder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which the outlets in the manifold are circumferentially arranged at various heights around the manifold.
  4. 4. A thermal storage water cylinder as claimed in any preceding claim in which the height of the heated water inlets above the base is chosen having regard to the expected temperature of the water being delivered into the cylinder.
  5. 5. A thermal storage water cylinder as claimed in any preceding claim, in which a flow restricting device is mounted in one or more of the heated water inlets.
  6. 6. A thermal storage water cylinder as claimed in any preceding claim, in which a flow diffuser is mounted between a heated water inlet and the diffuser manifold.
  7. 7. A thermal storage water cylinder as claimed in any preceding claim in which at least one of the heated water inlets is supplied by return water from a heat utilisation device.
  8. 8. A thermal storage water cylinder as claimed in any preceding claim in which the thermal water storage cylinder is a cylindrical vessel havhg a vertically mounted cylindrical side wall and a pair of semi-spherical end caps.
GB0909799A 2009-06-08 2009-06-08 Thermal storage water cylinder comprising a diffuser manifold Withdrawn GB2470899A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0909799A GB2470899A (en) 2009-06-08 2009-06-08 Thermal storage water cylinder comprising a diffuser manifold

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0909799A GB2470899A (en) 2009-06-08 2009-06-08 Thermal storage water cylinder comprising a diffuser manifold

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0909799D0 GB0909799D0 (en) 2009-07-22
GB2470899A true GB2470899A (en) 2010-12-15

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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GB0909799A Withdrawn GB2470899A (en) 2009-06-08 2009-06-08 Thermal storage water cylinder comprising a diffuser manifold

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2770268A1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2014-08-27 Wolf GmbH Housing for at least one heating element and housing system
FR3100623A1 (en) * 2019-09-10 2021-03-12 Delta Dore A method of managing, in a tank, a volume of water the temperature of which is higher than a predetermined temperature.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2703460A1 (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-08-03 Thyssen Industrie Single walled steel heat storage vessel - has plastics foam insulation on inside and large cross=section hot water inlet (NL 1.8.78)
EP0683362A1 (en) * 1994-05-17 1995-11-22 Alfons Kruck Heat accumulator
DE10123305A1 (en) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-02 Stefan Nau Gmbh Layer storage unit comprises a vessel for storing heat energy, and a pipe with an internal separating wall, that divides it into primary and secondary chambers

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2703460A1 (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-08-03 Thyssen Industrie Single walled steel heat storage vessel - has plastics foam insulation on inside and large cross=section hot water inlet (NL 1.8.78)
EP0683362A1 (en) * 1994-05-17 1995-11-22 Alfons Kruck Heat accumulator
DE10123305A1 (en) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-02 Stefan Nau Gmbh Layer storage unit comprises a vessel for storing heat energy, and a pipe with an internal separating wall, that divides it into primary and secondary chambers

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2770268A1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2014-08-27 Wolf GmbH Housing for at least one heating element and housing system
FR3100623A1 (en) * 2019-09-10 2021-03-12 Delta Dore A method of managing, in a tank, a volume of water the temperature of which is higher than a predetermined temperature.
EP3816760A3 (en) * 2019-09-10 2021-07-28 Delta Dore Method for managing, in a tank, a volume of water in which the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0909799D0 (en) 2009-07-22

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