GB2461599A

GB2461599A - Removable post assembly

Info

Publication number: GB2461599A
Application number: GB0812514A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Roger Golaub
Original assignee: Combisafe International AB
Current assignee: Combisafe International AB
Priority date: 2008-07-09
Filing date: 2008-07-09
Publication date: 2010-01-13
Anticipated expiration: 2028-07-09
Also published as: GB2461599B; GB0812514D0

Abstract

A post assembly 10 is described comprising a post 12 having a locking means 22 for securing the post 12 to a fixing means 40 and a release means (34, 36, Fig 3a) configured for remote activation to release the locking means 22 and thereby the post 12 from the fixing means 40. A kit comprising the post assembly 10 and a fixing means 40 configured for use with the post assembly 10 is also described. Further described is a cardboard sleeve (50, Fig 6) provided around the post assembly for use when concrete is being poured around the base of a post assembly, to prevent the concrete from coming into contact with the post assembly.

Description

POST ASSEMBLY

Field of the Invention

This invention relates to a post assembly. Particularly, but not exclusively, the invention relates to a post assembly suitable for use as a safety post in an edge protection system.

Background to the Invention

During the construction of the envelope of a building there is a risk that a worker could fall to a lower level when working at height. Consequently, a temporary barrier (often referred to as an edge protection system) is fitted to prevent workers from falling to a lower level.

Unfortunately, the use of conventional scaffolding can lead to falls from height during its installation. The Applicants have therefore devised an edge protection system which can be fitted to a base element such as a steel beam prior to it being lifted into place, as described in the Applicants co-pending UK patent application number 0B0804197.2.

Such an edge protection system can greatly reduce the risk of falling from height as well as providing for an easy to use, flexible system.

Notwithstanding the above, the fitment and release of individual safety posts in an edge protection system gives rise to particular problems. More specifically, if the safety post is not fixedly secured when in use it may become accidentally dislodged with attendant safety risks. On the other hand, if the safety post is fixedly secured, for example by being welded (either directly or indirectly) to a base element, removal of the post after use can be hazardous. This problem is particularly significant when casting concrete around the base of the safety post since, once the concrete has set, removal of the projecting part of the post can only be achieved by using hot works to cut through the exposed metal and this operation is both labour-intensive and dangerous.

A conventional system attempts to overcome the above by having a metal socket welded to the base element and placing a plastic sleeve inside the socket, into which the safety post itself is received. The sleeve prevents the post from coming into contact with the cast concrete and allows the post to slide out of the socket once the concrete has set. In this system the plastic sleeve is retained with the socket in the cast concrete and the projecting portion of the sleeve is cut off to permit a flush finish after the retained sleeve and socket have also been filled with concrete. Whilst cutting the plastic sleeve in this instance is generally not as hazardous as cutting a metal post, it is still time-consuming and has safety implications. Furthermore, the post is only retained in the socket by the frictional resistance between the post and the sleeve and the sleeve and the socket and so the post may not be held particularly securely.

It is therefore an aim of the present invention to provide an improved post assembly which ameliorates at least some of the aforementioned problems.

Summary of the Invention

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a post assembly comprising a post having a locking means for securing the post to a fixing means and a release means configured for remote activation to release the locking means and thereby the post from said fixing means.

Thus, the present invention provides for the secure fixing of a post to a steel beam for instance and the subsequent selective release of the post even when the locking means itself is not directly accessible. Accordingly, the invention provides a solution to the problem of ensuring the post is securely and positively attached to the beam, say whilst casting a concrete slab at height, while at the same time ensuring that the post can be quickly and easily removed from the beam after the concrete has set around the fixing means. An advantage of the present invention is that the post assembly can be re-used a number of times since it is not necessary to cut the post to facilitate its removal.

Likewise, there is no waste associated with the use of the present invention and no neeu for hazardous hot works.

Embodiments of the present invention may be configured to allow safe erection of an edge protection system. the construction and disassembly of which requires minimal time, skill and effort and can be achieved without the need for supplementary tools.

A post assembly according to the present invention may be configured for use in an edge protection system and may form part of a temporary guard rail.

The release means may be configured for activation via relative movement of the post with respect to the fixing means. The relative movement may be axial, rotational or a combination thereof.

The release means may be integrated with the locking means.

The post may be constituted by a hollow cylindrical tube.

In one embodiment, the locking means comprises at least one spring-loaded pin configured to project outwardly from the post for engagement in a corresponding aperture, slot or recess in the fixing means. It will be understood that a typical fixing means for use with the present invention is constituted by an upwardly projecting cylindrical socket welded to a base element such as the top flange of a longitudinal steel 1-beam. In practice, the socket is likely to be significantly shorter and of a slightly larger diameter than the post and the spring-loaded pin will be located towards a lower end of the post so as to engage in an aperture, slot or recess located towards the upper end of the socket when the post is inserted therein, Engagement of the pin in the aperture, slot or recess will serve to lock the post to the socket in a generally upright orientation.

The locking means may comprise two radially opposed spring-loaded pins arranged for engagement in two correspondingly opposed apertures, slots or recesses in the fixing means. In such an embodiment, the two spring-loaded pins may te interconnected.

Accordingly, the locking means may be constituted by a thin strip of resilient material which is longer that the diameter of the post and has a protuberance at each end thereof.

The locking means is inserted into the post with each protuberance projecting through a corresponding hole in the side of the post and the thin strip being bent inside the post such that the resilience of the thin strip urges the protuberances through the respective holes (and into the corresponding aperture, slot or recess in the fixing means when in use). The resilient material may be formed from metal or plastic.

In an alternative embodiment the thin strip may be replaced by a coiled spring.

It will be understood that the locking means is configured such that the post is secured to the fixing means when an uplifting force is applied to it. This ensures that the post cannot become accidentally dislodged.

It will also be understood that depression of the protuberances will be permitted to allow the post to slide into or out of engagement with the fixing means (e.g. socket).

However, when used during the casting of concrete slabs it is common for the fixing means to be surrounded by the concrete such that it is no longer possible to manually depress the protuberances or disengage the locking means. Consequently, there is a need for the release means to be able to remotely disengage the locking means to allow the post to be removed.

The release means may be constituted by a chamfer or radius on the at least one spring- loaded pin, the chamfer/radius being configured to depress the at least one spring-loaded pin upon rotation of the post relative to the fixing means. Accordingly, the post can be removed, after concrete has been cast, by simply holding and rotating the free end of the post to disengage the locking means and then lifting the post out of the fixing means. The chamfer may comprise a 45° cut out as measured from a central tip of the at least one spring-loaded pin in a horizontal direction away from the inner axis of the at least one spring-loaded pin.

The post assembly may further comprise at least one stop projecting from the side of the post and configured to bear on the fixing means, when in use, to hold the post in a pre-detern-iined axial relationship with the fixing means.

The post assembly may further comprise an insertion means configured to allow the post to be inserted into the fixing means without the need for manual manipulation of the locking means. The insertion means may be constituted by a chamfer or radius on the at least one spring-loaded pin, the chamfer/radius being configured to depress the at least one spring-loaded pin upon insertion of the post into the fixing means. The chamfer may comprise a 45° cut out as measured from a central tip of the at leasi one spring-loaded pin in a downwards direction away from the inner axis of the at least one spring-loaded pin.

A post assembly according to the first aspect of the present invention can be erected on a steel beam, pre-cast slab or any pre-manufactured floor element before it is lifted into its final position which means that work carried Out at height is greatly reduced. One or more post assemblies may form a support for a safety barrier and a mesh panel can be fitted to the post assembly to enable increased containment if required.

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a kit comprising a post assembly according to the first aspect of the present invention and a fixing means configured for use with the post assembly.

The fixing means may be constituted by a cylindrical socket, In use, the socket may be welded to a base element, such as the top flange of a longitudinal steel I-beam, so that it projects generally upwardly. The socket may include an aperture, slot or recess for engagement with the locking means of the post assembly. The socket may be significantly shorter and of a slightly larger diameter than the post. The locking means may be located towards a lower end of the post and the aperture, slot or recess may be located towards the upper end of the socket. In use, insertion of the post into the socket and engagement of the locking means in the aperture, slot or recess will serve to lock the post to the socket in a generally upright orientation. Release of the post can then be achieved as described above in relation to certain embodiments of the tirst aspect of the invention.

When employed in the casting of concrete, a sleeve may also be provided to prevent any part of the post assembly (including the locking means) from coming into contact with the concrete being cast. The sleeve may be configured to envelope the outer surface of the fixing means, when in use, The sleeve may be longer than the fixing means to allow for concrete to be cast around it which comes to a height higher than the top of the fixing means but lower than the top of the sleeve.

The sleeve may comprise plastic or cardboard material. The sleeve may be coated with a release material configured so that concrete will not sick to it. In such a case, the sleeve may be removed after the concrete has been cast and subsequently re-used.

Alternatively, the sleeve can be retained and, if necessary, cut to provide for a level surface finish.

The sleeve may be configured such that frictional resistance between the sleeve and at least one projection on the post assembly prevent the sleeve from up thrust from the hydrostatic force of the concrete, when present. The at least one projection may be constituted by the at least one spring-loaded pin and/or the at least one stop, as defined above.

According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a sleeve for use with a post assembly during the casting of concrete around the base of the post assembly, wherein the sleeve is constituted from cardboard material.

The fourth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of a cardboard sleeve, during the casting of concrete around the base of a post assembly, to prevent the post assembly from coming into contact with the concrete.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of casting concrete around a post assembly comprising the steps of providing a cardboard sleeve around the post assembly and casting concrete around the cardboard sleeve.

It will be understood that a cardboard sleeve is relative cheap and easy to produce when compared to a plastic sleeve and that it is also more environmentally friendly.

With any of the third, fourth or fifth aspects of the invention, the sleeve may be coated with a release material configured so that concrete will be inhibited from sticking to it.

As such the sleeve may be removed after the concrete has been cast and subsequently re-used.

Brief Description of the Drawiflgs

Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a post assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention, aligned for insertion into a socket; Figure 2 shows a side view of the locking means employed in the post assembly in Figure 1; Figure 3A shows an alternative view of the locking means, taken in the direction of arrow A in Figure 2; Figure 3B shows a further alternative view of the locking means, taken in the direction of arrow B in Figure 2; Figure 4A shows a side view of the socket in Figure 1; Figure 4B shows a top view of the socket in Figure 1; Figure 5A shows a side view of a sleeve configured for use with the post assembly and fixing means of Figure 1; Figure 5B shows a top view of the sleeve of Figure 5A; Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the post assembly of Figure 1 after it has been inserted into the socket and the sleeve of Figures 5A and B has been placed around the socket; Figures 7A through 7F illustrate the erection of a post assembly according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and its removal after concrete has set around its base; more specifically: Figure 7A shows a perspective view of a sleeve adjacent to the post assembly; Figure 7B shows a perspective view of the sleeve of Figure 1 being slid over the post assembly towards its base; Figure 7C shows a perspective view of a socket welded to the base of an open-toped box; Figure 7D shows a perspective view similar to that of Figure 7C but with the post assembly of Figure 7B inserted into the socket and the sleeve placed around the socket; Figure 7E shows a perspective view similar to that of Figure 7D but with the box filled with concrete to a height above the top of the socket but below the top of the sleeve; and Figure 7F shows a perspective view similar to that of Figure 7E but with the post assembly and sleeve removed from the socket after the concrete has set.

Detailed Description of Certain Embodiments

With reference to Figure 1, there is illustrated a post assembly 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The post assembly 10 comprises a hollow cylindrical metal safety post 12 having a first pair of transversely opposed holes 14 longitudinally spaced by a distance X from a second pair of transversely opposed holes 16 there-through. Both pairs of holes 14, 16 are provided towards one end 18 of the post 12 with the first pair of holes 14 being located further from the one end than the second pair of holes 1 6. The one end 18 serves as the lower end of the post 12 when the post 12 is orientated vertically for use, as will be described in more detail below.

A roll pin 20 is provided through the first pair of holes 14 and extends outwardly from either side of the post 12 by approximately 10mm. In this particular embodiment the roll pin 20 is constituted by a solid metal cylinder which is inserted through the first pair of holes 14 and is held in place due to friction.

A double-ended spring-loaded pin 22 is provided between the second pair of holes 16 and is shown in more detail in Figures 2, 3A and 3B. Essentially, the spring-loaded pin 22 comprises a thin strip of resilient metal 24 which is longer that the diameter of the post 1 2 and has a first protuberance 26 at one end and a second protuberance 28 the other end. The first and second protuberances 2b, 2 are affixed to the strip by screws 29. The first and second protuberances 26, 28 are generally cylindrically shaped with a slightly inwardly tapering frusto-conical tip 30. In addition, the first and second protuberances 26, 28 are each provided with an insertion chamfer 32 formed from a 450 cut out as measured from the centre of the tip 30 in a downwards direction away from the inner axis of the protuberances 26, 28, as viewed in Figure 2. The first and second protuberances 26, 28 are also each provided with a release chamfer 34, 36 formed from a second 45° cut out as measured from the centre of the tip 30 in a horizontal direction away from the inner axis of the protuberances 26, 28, as viewed in Figure 2. The release chamfer 34 on the first protuberance 26 is provided on the near side of the spring-loaded pin 22 as viewed in Figure 2 and the release chamfer 36 on the second protuberance 28 is provided on the far side of the spring-loaded pin 22 as viewed in Figure 2.

When the spring-loaded pin 22 is inserted into the post 12, the strip 24 is bent upwards inside the post 12 so that the resilience of the strip 24 urges the protuberances 26, 28 through the respective holes 16 in an orientation similar to that shown in Figure 2 but with both insertion chamfers 32 facing generally downwardly.

A socket 40 is provided for fixing the post assembly 10 vertically to a base (not shown).

The socket 40 is shown in Figures 1, 4A and 4B and comprises a hollow cylindrical metal tube 42 which is approximately one sixth.of the height of post 12 and of a slightly larger diameter than the post 12 so that the post 12 can be relatively easily inserted into the tube 42. In certain embodiments, the height of the metal tube 42 may be between 100mm and 250mm. The tube 42 includes a pair of transversely opposed holes 44 there-through, located the same distance X down from the top of the tube 42 as the distance X provided between the first and second pairs of transversely opposed holes 14, l6on the post 12.

A sleeve 50, as shown in Figures 5A and 5B, is provided when the post assembly 10 is employed in the casting of concrete. The sleeve 50 is constituted by a hollow cylindrical plastic tube 50 sized to fit over the socket 40, when in use. It should be noted that the attached figures are not drawn to the same scales and, in tact, the sleeve is approximately 50% longer than the socket 40.

In use, the post assembly lOis inserted into the socket 40, as illustrated in Figure 1. It will be understood that as the post 12 is inserted into the socket, the insertion chamfers 32 are the first parts of the spring-loaded pin 22 to hit the top surface of the socket 40.

Thus, upon further insertion of the post 12 the insertion chamfers 32 serve to depress the first and second protuberances 26, 28 forcing the strip 24 to flex until the protuberances 26, 28 are depressed sufficiently to allow the post 12 to pass further into the socket 40. Eventually, the protruding ends of the roll pin 20 will contact the top surface of the socket 40 and prevent the post 12 from further insertion. At this point, the holes 44 in the socket 40 will align with the first and second protuberances 26, 28 and so the strip 24 will relax and force the protuberances 26, 28 through the holes 44.

This will serve to lock the post assembly to the socket 40 since lifting of the post 12 out of the socket 40 is prevented by the protuberances 26, 28. The sleeve 50 may then be slid over the post 12 until it completely surrounds the socket 40 and a first portion of the post 12 projecting from the top of the socket 40, as illustrated in Figure 6. In some embodiments, the sleeve 50 will be sized such that the projecting ends of the roll pin 20 will serve to hold the sleeve 50 in this position.

The sleeve 50 can serve to prevent unauthorized persons from removing the post 12 by simply depressing the protuberances 26, 28 and lifting the post 12 out of the socket 40.

In addition, the sleeve 50 prevents concrete from coming into contact with any parts of the post assembly 10 when concrete is being cast around it.

It is possible to remove the post assembly 10 from the socket 40 by rotating the post 12 from its upper (exposed) end so as to engage the two release chamfers 34, 36 on the protuberances 26, 28. In this case, release is effected by anti-clockwise rotation of the post 12, as viewed from above. Such rotation serves to depress the first and second protuberances 26, 28 forcing the strip 24 to flex until the protuberances 26, 28 are depressed sufficiently for them to be retracted from the holes 44 to enable the post 12 to be lifted from the socket 40. Accordingly, the release of the post 12 can be achieved without direct manipulation of the spring-loaded pin 22.

In the case where concrete is cast around the base of the sleeve 50, the sleeve 50 may be retained by the concrete and, if necessary, the sleeve 50 can be cut to provide for a level surface finish once concrete has been used to fill the hole provided by the socket 40.

Figures 7A through 7F illustrate the erection of a post assembly according to a second embodiment of the present invention and its removal after concrete has set around its base. The post assembly, socket and sleeve of this embodiment are similar to those described above and so like reference numerals will be used where appropriate. In fact, the only significant difference between the present embodiment and that described above is that the sleeve 52 is formed cardboard and is coated with a release material configured such that concrete will not stick to it. In this particular embodiment, the release material comprises vegetable oil.

As shown in Figure 7A, the post assembly 10 is the same as before and includes a post 12, roll pin 20 and a double-ended spring-loaded pin 22. Figure 7B shows the sleeve 52 being slid over the post assembly 10 towards its lower end. In this embodiment, the sleeve 52 is held in place over the lower end of the post assembly 10 by an interference fit between roll pin 20 and the inner surface of the sleeve 52.

As above, the socket 40 comprises a tube 42 with a pair of holes 44. As shown in Figure 7C, the socket is welded via a base plate 60 to a base 62. In practice, the base 62 may be a steel beam employed as part of an edge protection system. However, for illustrative purposes only, the base 62 in this embodiment forms the base of an open-toped box 64.

Figure 7D shows a view similar to that of Figure 7C after the post assembly 10 has been inserted into the socket 40 and the sleeve 52 is disposed around the socket 40. It will be understood that insertion of the post assembly 10 into the socket 40 is as described above with the spring-loaded pin 22 locking the post 12 in position so that it cannot be accidentally removed. At this stage in the process, a concrete slab can be cast around the post-assembly 1 0 and this is illustrated in Figure 7E. It will be noted that the box 4 is filled with concrete 66 to a height above the top of the socket 44 but below the top of the sleeve 52 so that no part of the post assembly 10 itself is in contact with the concrete 66. As before, once the concrete 66 has set, removal of the post assembly 10 is achieved by simply rotating the post 12 to disengage the spring-loaded pin 22 so that the post assembly 1 0 can be lifted out of the socket 40. As shown in Figure 7F, the sleeve 52 can also be removed from the concrete 66 in this embodiment since it is coated with material which prevents the concrete 66 from sticking to it. Accordingly, the sleeve 52 can be re-used and there is no need to cut the sleeve 52 to obtain a level finish. All that is required now is to fill the hole 68 left by the post assembly 10 with more concrete 66.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, whilst the above discussion has been primarily concerned with edge protection systems used in the construction industry, the invention is equally applicable to other applications where temporary posts are required.

Claims

Claims 1. A post assembly comprising a post having a locking means for securing the post to a fixing means and a release means configured for remote activation to release the locking means and thereby the post from said fixing means.
2. The post assembly according to claim I configured for use in an edge protection system as part of a temporary guard rail.
3. The post assembly according to either preceding claim wherein the release means is configured for activation via relative movement of the post with respect to the fixing means.
4. The post assembly according to claim 3 wherein the relative movement is axial, rotational or a combination thereof.
5. The post assembly according to any preceding claim wherein the release means is integrated with the locking means.
6. The post assembly according to any preceding claim wherein the post is : constituted by a hollow cylindrical tube. * * *****:*::*
7. The post assembly according to any preceding claim wherein the locking means comprises at least one spring-loaded pin configured to project outwardly from the post for engagement in a corresponding aperture, slot or recess in the fixing * S.. * I**** means.

I..... *
8. The post assembly according to any preceding claim wherein the locking means comprises two radially opposed spring-loaded pins arranged for engagement in two correspondingly opposed apertures, slots or recesses in the fixing means.
9. The post assembly according to claim 8 wherein the two spring-loaded pins are interconnected.
10. The post assembly according to claim 9 wherein the locking means is constituted by a thin strip of resilient material which is longer that the diameter of the post and has a protuberance at each end thereof.
11. The post assembly according to claim 9 wherein the locking means is constituted by a coiled spring having a protuberance at each end thereof.
12. The post assembly according to any preceding claim wherein the locking means is configured such that the post is secured to the fixing means when an uplifting force is applied to it.
13. The post assembly according to any of claims 7 to 11 wherein the release means is constituted by a chamfer or radius on the at least one spring-loaded pin, the chamfer/radius being configured to depress the at least one spring-loaded pin upon rotation of the post relative to the fixing means.
14. The post assembly according to claim 13 wherein the chamfer comprises a 45° ::.: cut out as measured from a central tip of the at least one spring-loaded pin in a horizontal direction away from the inner axis of the at least one spring-loaded *:*::
1 5. The post assembly according to any preceding claim further comprising at least one stop projecting from the side of the post and configured to bear on the fixing means, when in use, to hold the post in a pre-determiried axial relationship with the fixing means.
16. The post assembly according to any preceding claim further comprising an insertion means configured to allow the post to be inserted into the fixing means without the need for manual manipulation of the locking means.
17. The post assembly according to claim 16, when dependent on any of claims 7 to 11, 13 or 14, wherein the insertion means is constituted by a chamfer or radius on the at least one spring-loaded pin, the chamfer/radius being configured to depress the at least one spring-loaded pin upon insertion of the post into the fixing means.
18. The post assembly according to claim 17 wherein the chamfer comprises a 450 cut out as measured from a central tip of the at least one spring-loaded pin in a downwards direction away from the inner axis of the at least one spring-loaded pin.
19. A kit comprising a post assembly according to any preceding claim and a fixing means configured for use with the post assembly.
20. The kit according to claim 19 wherein the fixing means is constituted by a cylindrical socket.
21. The kit according to claim 20 wherein the socket includes an aperture, slot or recess for engagement with the locking means of the post assembly. *...
22. The kit according to claim 21 wherein socket is significantly shorter and of a slightly larger diameter than the post.
23. The kit according to claim 22 wherein the locking means is located towards a S...S...' lower end of the post and the aperture, slot or recess are located towards the upper end of the socket.
24. The kit according to claim 23 wherein insertion of the post into the socket and engagement of the locking means in the aperture, slot or recess serves to lock the post to the socket in a generally upright orientation.
25. The kit according to any of claims 19 to 24 further comprising a sleeve arranged to prevent any part of the post assembly, including the locking means, from coming into contact with concrete being cast, when in used in that environment.
26. The kit according to claim 25 wherein the sleeve is configured to envelope the outer surface of the fixing means, when in use.
27. The kit according to claim 25 or 26 wherein the sleeve is longer than the fixing means to allow for concrete to be cast around it which comes to a height higher than the top of the fixing means but lower than the top of the sleeve.
28. The kit according to any of claims 25 or 27 wherein the sleeve comprises plastic or cardboard material.
29. The kit according to any of claims 25 or 28 wherein the sleeve is coated with a release material configured so that concrete will not sick to it.
30. The kit according to any of claims 25 or 29 wherein the sleeve is configured such that frictional resistance between the sleeve and at least one projection on * *,* the post assembly prevent the sleeve from up thrust from the hydrostatic force of *..* : the concrete, when present. *** S * * S..*:*::*
31. A sleeve for use with a post assembly during the casting of concrete around the base of the post assembly, wherein the sleeve is constituted from cardboard material. *..* * S S..* :
32. The use of a cardboard sleeve, during the casting of concrete around the base of a post assembly, to prevent the post assembly from coming into contact with the concrete.
33. A method of casting concrete around a post assembly comprising the steps of providing a cardboard sleeve around the post assembly and casting concrete around the cardboard sleeve.
34. In any of claims 31 to 33 the sleeve may be coated with a release material configured so that concrete will be inhibited from sticking to it.
35. A post assembly substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to figures 1 through 7F.
36. A kit substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to figures 1 through 7F.
37. A sleeve for use with a post assembly during the casting of concrete around the base of the post assembly, substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to figures 5A through 7F
38. A method of casting concrete around a post assembly, substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to figures 7A through 7F. * S * ** * **.* * . *5I* * S. * * . * *. *... * . S...S*55S5S S *