GB2390943A - Switching arrangement for connecting load to PWM supply - Google Patents

Switching arrangement for connecting load to PWM supply Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2390943A
GB2390943A GB0325004A GB0325004A GB2390943A GB 2390943 A GB2390943 A GB 2390943A GB 0325004 A GB0325004 A GB 0325004A GB 0325004 A GB0325004 A GB 0325004A GB 2390943 A GB2390943 A GB 2390943A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
motor
transistor
actuator
source
pulse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0325004A
Other versions
GB2390943B (en
GB0325004D0 (en
Inventor
Peter Brereton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Penny & Giles Drives Technolog
Original Assignee
Penny & Giles Drives Technolog
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Penny & Giles Drives Technolog filed Critical Penny & Giles Drives Technolog
Publication of GB0325004D0 publication Critical patent/GB0325004D0/en
Publication of GB2390943A publication Critical patent/GB2390943A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2390943B publication Critical patent/GB2390943B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P5/00—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
    • H02P5/68—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors controlling two or more dc dynamo-electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/02—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit
    • B60L15/08—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit using pulses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/52—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by DC-motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/03—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for controlling the direction of rotation of DC motors
    • H02P7/04—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for controlling the direction of rotation of DC motors by means of a H-bridge circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
    • H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
    • H02P7/29—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using pulse modulation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A switching arrangement for connecting a motor or actuator (e.g. 34) to a pulse-width modulated supply, comprises a Field Effect Transistor (e.g. 46) for connection in series with the motor or actuator, and a capacitor (e.g. 58) connected between the gate and source of the FET, the capacitor forming a bootstrapped gate supply for maintaining conduction between the drain and source of the transistor whilst the pulse-width modulated supply is applied to the motor or actuator thereby.

Description

( 1 Electronic Control Arrangement The present invention relates to an
electronic control arrangement wherein existing electronic motor control circuitry of a motorized assembly may be used to control one or more auxiliary devices.
5 It is common practice to control the operation of a pair of electric motors, used to drive respective wheels of a motorised wheel-chair assembly, by varying the pulse width of a modulated signal applied to each motor.
Each motor is typically connected across a transistor 10 bridge circuit, the transistors of which may be selectively switched to vary the direction in which the motor is rotated.
It is also common practice to provide such motorised wheel-chairs with further motors or other actuators, the operation of these devices being controlled by further 15 electronic control circuitry, independent of that of the two main drive motors.
It is an object of the present invention to reduce the overall amount of electronic control circuitry required to control the operation of two main drive motors and at least one 20 additional motor or other actuator of a motorized assembly.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a motorized assembly comprising: first and second bridge circuits, the two arms of each bridge circuit each comprising a first and a second electronic 25 switch connected in series; a respective drive motor connected between the two arms of each bridge circuit, at points intermediate the electronic switches of each of the two arms; an auxiliary motor or actuator connected between one 30 arm of the first bridge circuit and one arm of the second bridge circuit, at points intermediate the electronic switches of each of the two arms and in series with at least one electronic switch; and electronic control means arranged to operate the
( electronic switches to selectively control the operation of the drive motors and the auxiliary motor or actuator.
A third bridge circuit is thus effectively formed by said one arm of each of the first and second bridge circuits, 5 the switch connected in series with the auxiliary motor or actuator serving as a means by which to electrically isolate the auxiliary motor or actuator, when one or both of the drive motors is/are being operated.
It will be appreciated that such an arrangement 10 obviates the requirement for independent control circuitry for controlling the operation of the auxiliary motor or actuator, resulting in a reduction in the overall cost of the motorized assembly. Preferably the motorised assembly comprises a motorized 15 wheel-chair assembly, respective traction wheels of which are driven by the drive motors.
Preferably each electronic switch of the first and second bridge circuits comprises a transistor, which is preferably a Field Effect Transistor (FET) and is most
20 preferably a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
(MOSFET).
Preferably the electronic switch connected in series with the auxiliary motor or actuator comprises a transistor, which is preferably a Field Effect Transistor (FET) and is most
25 preferably a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
(MOSFET).
The auxiliary motor or actuator is preferably connected in series with and between two FET transistors. Preferably electronic control means of the assembly are arranged to 30 operate the auxiliary motor or actuator by applying a control signal to the gates of each of the two FET transistors associated therewith and then switching the transistors of the first and second bridge circuits to apply a pulse-width modulated signal to one or other side of the auxiliary motor 35 or actuator and to connect the opposite side of the auxiliary
! motor or actuator to ground.
A bootstrap capacitor is preferably connected between the source and gate of each of the transistors connected in series with the auxiliary motor or actuator, to ensure that the 5 transistor via which the pulse-width modulated signal is applied will remain in a conducting state whilst the pulse-
width modulated signal continues to be applied.
A resistor is preferably also connected between the source and gate of each of the transistors connected in series 10 with the auxiliary motor or actuator, to provide a discharge path for its parallel capacitance, when a control signal ceases to be applied to the gate of the transistor, to arrest conduction between the drain and source of the transistor.
Also in accordance with the present invention, there is 15 provided a switching arrangement for connecting a motor or actuator to a pulse-width modulated supply, and comprising: a Field Effect Transistor (FET) arranged to be
connected in series with the motor or actuator; and a capacitor connected between the gate and source of 20 the transistor, the capacitor forming a bootstrapped gate supply for maintaining conduction between the drain and source of the transistor whist the pulse-width modulated supply is applied to the motor or actuator thereby.
Preferably the transistor comprises one of a pair of 25 Field Effect Transistors (FETs), between and in series with
which a motor or actuator may be connected, each transistor having a respective bootstrap capacitor connected between its gate and source for maintaining conduction of that transistor whilst a pulse-width modulated supply is applied to the motor 30 or actuator thereby.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of examples only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of first embodiment of 35 control arrangement in accordance with the present invention)
f and Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of second embodiment of control arrangement in accordance with the present invention.
Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, an electronic 5 control arrangement for a motorized wheel-chair assembly is shown, comprising first and second bridge circuits 2,4, the two arms 6-12 of each bridge circuit 2,4 each comprising a first and a second MOSFET transistor switch 14-28 connected in series. 10 A respective drive motor 30,32 is connected between the two arms 6-12 of each bridge circuit 2,4, at points intermediate the transistor switches 14-28 of each of the two arms, such that the transistors may be selectively switched to vary the direction in which each motor 30,32 is rotated and to 15 control the speed of rotation of each motor 30,32 by pulse-
width modulating the supply thereto.
A plurality of auxiliary servo-motors 34-38 are connected between one arm 8 of the first bridge circuit 2 and one arm 10 of the second bridge circuit 4, at points 20 intermediate the electronic switches 18,20,22,24 of each of the two arms 8,10, each servo-motor 34-38 being connected in series with an electronic relay-switch 40-44.
A third bridge circuit, comprising the transistor switches 18,20,22 and 24, is thus effectively formed between 25 one arm 8,10 of each of the first and second bridge circuits 2,4, with the relay-switches 40-44 serving as a means by which to electrically isolate their associated servo-motors 34-38, when either one or both of the drive motors 30,32 is/are being operated. 30 Electronic control means 45 are arranged to operate the transistor switches 14-28 of the two bridge circuits 2,4 and the relay-switches 40-44, to selectively control the operation of the drive motors 30,32 and the servo-motors 34-38.
More specifically, the electronic control means 45 are 35 arranged such that, when one of the servo-motors 34-38 is to
( be operated, its associated relay-switch 40-44 is first closed and the transistors 13-24 forming the third bridge circuit then selectively switched to vary the direction in which the servo-
motor 34-38 is operated and to control the speed of operation 5 of the servo-motor 34-38 by pulse-width modulating the supply thereto. Meanwhile, to prevent the two drive motors 30,32 from operating, the transistor switches 14,16,26,28 of the opposite arms 6,12 of each of the first and second bridge circuits 2,4 are switched, either to produce a zero potential difference 10 across each of the drive motors 30,32 or, more preferably, to electrically isolate the side of the motor to which they are connected. In the alternative embodiment of Figure 2, each auxiliary servo-motor 34-38 is connected in series with and 15 between two MOSFET transistors 46-56. To operate one of the servo-motors, e.g. 34, a 12 volt control signal is applied to the gates of each of the transistors 46,48 associated with that servo-motor, and the transistors 18-24 of the third bridge circuit switched, as required, to apply a pulse-width 20 modulated, 24 volt supply signal to one side of the servo-motor (e.g via transistorl8) and to connect the opposite side of the motor to ground (e. g. via transistor 24).
A 100 nanofarad bootstrap capacitor 58-68 connected between the source and gate of each transistor ensures that the 25 transistor via which the modulated signal is applied will remain in a conducting state whilst the pulse-width modulated supply signal continues to be applied.
A 100 kilohm resistor 70-80, also connected between the source and gate of each transistor 46-56, provides a discharge 30 path for its parallel capacitance 58-68, when a control signal ceases to be applied thereby, to arrest conduction between the drain and source of the transistor.
It will be appreciated that whilst a control arrangement comprising MOSFETs has been described, other types 35 of electronic switch may instead be used to provide one or more
( of the electronic switches of the arrangement, with the control circuitry re-configured appropriately, according to known practices. The control arrangements thus described obviates the 5 requirement for independent control circuitry for controlling the operation of the or each auxiliary servo-motor, thereby allowing the overall cost of a motorized assembly having both a pair of drive motors and one or more auxiliary motors to be reduced.

Claims (2)

/ Claims
1) A switching arrangement for connecting a motor or actuator to a pulsewidth modulated supply, and comprising: a Field Effect Transistor (FET) arranged to be
5 connected in series with the motor or actuator; and a capacitor connected between the gate and source of the transistor, the capacitor forming a bootstrapped gate supply for maintaining conduction between the drain and source of the transistor whilst the pulse-width modulated supply is 10 applied to the motor or actuator thereby.
2) A switching arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the transistor comprises one of a pair of Field Effect
Transistors (FETs), between and in series with which a motor or actuator may be connected, each transistor having a 15 respective bootstrap capacitor connected between its gate and source for maintaining conduction between the drain and source of the transistor whilst a pulse- width modulated supply is applied to the motor or actuator thereby.
GB0325004A 2001-10-31 2001-10-31 Switching arrangement Expired - Fee Related GB2390943B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0126202A GB2381675B (en) 2001-10-31 2001-10-31 Electronic control arrangement

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0325004D0 GB0325004D0 (en) 2003-11-26
GB2390943A true GB2390943A (en) 2004-01-21
GB2390943B GB2390943B (en) 2004-03-10

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0126202A Expired - Fee Related GB2381675B (en) 2001-10-31 2001-10-31 Electronic control arrangement
GB0325004A Expired - Fee Related GB2390943B (en) 2001-10-31 2001-10-31 Switching arrangement

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0126202A Expired - Fee Related GB2381675B (en) 2001-10-31 2001-10-31 Electronic control arrangement

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US6593711B2 (en)
GB (2) GB2381675B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012069159A3 (en) * 2010-11-23 2012-07-19 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg, Hallstadt Drive arrangement in a motor vehicle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7355358B2 (en) * 2003-10-23 2008-04-08 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Configurable H-bridge circuit
US20070045658A1 (en) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-01 Lear Corporation System and method to provide power to a motor
DE102012204152B4 (en) 2012-03-16 2018-09-27 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Circuit arrangement for driving a motor group
CN104617754A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-13 柳州市同进汽车零部件制造有限公司 Electric automobile power driving module
GB201620837D0 (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-01-18 Trw Ltd A Motor drive and control circuit for electric power steering
CN108150046A (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-06-12 柳州市绿创科技有限公司 Automobile-used door and window intelligent controlling device and control method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4926307A (en) * 1986-10-15 1990-05-15 Yang Tai Her Polyphase a.c. motor supplied with power via d.c. power supply
JPH04172986A (en) * 1990-11-07 1992-06-19 Secoh Giken Inc High speed 3-phase dc motor
DE4139569A1 (en) * 1991-11-30 1993-06-03 Linde Ag Electric braking system for two motor battery powered vehicle - has tachometer or battery current sensor and logic selection of regenerative or resistive braking depending on vehicle speed
US5287046A (en) * 1992-05-13 1994-02-15 International Business Machines Corporation Method and system for actuator control for direct access storage devices
JP2000069796A (en) * 1998-06-10 2000-03-03 Asmo Co Ltd Stepping motor drive circuit and apparatus for driving the same
DE19846156C1 (en) * 1998-10-07 2000-07-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement of a multi-phase converter

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012069159A3 (en) * 2010-11-23 2012-07-19 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg, Hallstadt Drive arrangement in a motor vehicle
US20130342010A1 (en) * 2010-11-23 2013-12-26 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg, Hallstadt Drive arrangement in a motor vehicle
US9637074B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2017-05-02 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg, Hallstadt Drive arrangement in a motor vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2381675B (en) 2003-12-24
GB0126202D0 (en) 2002-01-02
GB2390943B (en) 2004-03-10
US20030080700A1 (en) 2003-05-01
US6593711B2 (en) 2003-07-15
GB0325004D0 (en) 2003-11-26
GB2381675A (en) 2003-05-07

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
732E Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)

Free format text: REGISTERED BETWEEN 20130215 AND 20130220

PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20201031