GB2382641A - A refractory furnace block with a surface coated in a platinum alloy - Google Patents
A refractory furnace block with a surface coated in a platinum alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2382641A GB2382641A GB0128441A GB0128441A GB2382641A GB 2382641 A GB2382641 A GB 2382641A GB 0128441 A GB0128441 A GB 0128441A GB 0128441 A GB0128441 A GB 0128441A GB 2382641 A GB2382641 A GB 2382641A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- block
- platinum
- glass
- backing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls
- C03B5/425—Preventing corrosion or erosion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls
- C03B5/43—Use of materials for furnace walls, e.g. fire-bricks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
- C04B41/5122—Pd or Pt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/88—Metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
- F27D1/06—Composite bricks or blocks, e.g. panels, modules
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
- F27D1/06—Composite bricks or blocks, e.g. panels, modules
- F27D1/08—Bricks or blocks with internal reinforcement or metal backing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Abstract
A refractory furnace block comprising a ceramic block substrate with a platinum group metal/alloy coated on a surface of the block. Preferably the coating is applied by plasma or combustion flame spraying to achieve a coating thickness ranged between 200 to 500 um. The coating could also be a cladding of platinum or platinum alloy foil. Post treatment of the sprayed coating is preferably shot-peening or a heat treatment. The coated block is used as a backing refractory block to repair the thin weakened lining of a glass furnace. The ceramic block substrate 15 constructed from conventional materials such as fusion-cast AZS (alumina-zirconia-silica).
Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
GLASS FURNACES
The present invention concerns glass furnaces, and more especially concerns parts for extending the life of glass furnaces and methods of operation of glass furnaces.
Many glass furnaces are built from tall blocks of ceramic, each of which may weigh about 11/2 tonne or more. The molten glass, however heated, occupies a large part of the volume of the furnace, but the ceramic blocks are eroded by chemical action at the glass line (sometimes called the "metal line"). The glass line is where the upper surface of the molten glass contacts the ceramic blocks, and where there is a three-way interface between the ceramic, the molten or melting glass and the gases in the space above the molten glass.
The erosion of the blocks initially cuts a groove in the furnace blocks and can in time cause "holing"of the ceramic. For a float glass furnace this can occur in 3 to 6 years depending upon glass composition, temperature, pull rate etc. In early furnace practice, wall penetration was reduced by lowering the glass level to reduce the risk of glass leaks. This was superceded by the placing of ceramic walls where perforation risk could be seen from the wall temperature. This interrupts the normal operation of the furnace, and in some cases can cause a week's loss of production. The placement of backing blocks changes the thermal balance of the wall blocks and promotes a rapid corrosion to cut through the original block, allowing significant debris to enter the glass. The backing block (s) may themselves be perforated, and replaced in the same way. However, the backing block repair method can extend the life of a glass furnace to about 10 years, after which a rebuild is generally necessary.
It has been suggested that t9 avoid erosion the ceramic blocks, or a portion thereof around the glass line, should be coated or lined with platinum. However, there are a number of practical difficulties, mainly arising from the size and weight of the ceramic blocks, which prevents controllable coating to be readily performed. Other difficulties could arise from partial coating of the ceramic, and the glass can attack behind the coating by upward drilling. A further problem is financial, in that a full or part-coating involves a large capital investment in precious metal which cannot be recovered by way of recycling until the furnace is rebuilt, perhaps after 10 to 15 years.
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
It has been proposed to use, instead of conventional ceramic backing blocks, blocks of chromia. Such chromia blocks are more resistant to attack by glass, but chromia is found to discolour glass ; is sensitive to breakage by thermal shock ; and can lead to Health and Safety problems for example when being disposed of at the end of a campaign, because of its classification as hazardous waste.
The present invention provides backing blocks for glass furnace repair, comprising a ceramic block substrate characterised by the presence of a platinum group metal coating on a surface thereof which coating is impervious to molten glass.
The invention further provides a method of operating a glass furnace composed of ceramic blocks prone to attack by molten glass, involving repair of dangerously thinned areas by ceramic backing blocks, characterised in that the ceramic blocks are provided on their inner surface in contact with the danger area, with a coating of platinum group metal which is impervious to molten glass.
The platinum group metal is preferably platinum or a platinum alloy, such as PtIORh.
The backing blocks may be conventional in size and material, and conventional materials are fusion-cast AZS (alumina-zirconia-silica) eg containing 41% zirconia or 32% zirconia. The block material is not critical to the present invention. The invention may permit smaller, or thinner, backing blocks to be used, and is flexible enough that special size and/or special shaped, blocks may be used for particular parts of a furnace. The invention permits the use of materials having higher thermal conductivity than the main furnace blocks, since this provides greater cooling in the holed region, with the result that further erosion is slowed.
The coating may be a foil or cladding of platinum or platinum alloy, bonded to the ceramic in conventional manner, eg by (cementing). Such cladding may be approximately 500 um in thickness. Traditional manufacturing and bonding methods may be used.
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
Preferably, however, the coating is a flame or plasma sprayed platinum or platinum alloy coating of thickness 200 to 400 (or more) um, preferably approximately 300 urn. Such coatings are now commercially available as a coating service, and we refer, for example, to EP 0 559 330A. We prefer to use combustion flame spraying as described in said EP, and to post-treat by peening using beads to produce an impervious surface.
However, plasma spraying followed by a heat treatment or indeed any spraying method, whether or not followed by post-treatment, may be used, providing the coating is impervious to molten glass. This does not mean that the coating is necessarily totally lacking in pores.
Many benefits may flow from the present invention. Not least is the ability to platinum-coat only a small proportion of the material used in the furnace, and effectively concentrate the value of the platinum at those points requiring it. Additionally, the coating of backing blocks may be carried out in a controlled manner in a plant, rather than attempting to coat the unwieldy main construction blocks in situ. The backing blocks may be shipped as required. It is expected that the method of the invention will offer increased furnace life and reduced glass contamination.
The invention may be practised in a variety of ways, as the skilled person may desire. It is to be understood that all inventive forms and combinations are included in the present invention, and that the skilled person may optimise any or all aspects of the invention for particular situations.
Claims (9)
1. A backing block for glass furnace repair, comprising a ceramic block substrate characterised by the presence of a platinum group metal coating on a surface thereof, which coating is impervious to molten glass.
2. A block according to claim 1, wherein the platinum group metal is platinum or an alloy of platinum.
3. A block according to claim 2, wherein the coating thickness is from 200 to 500 ! lu.
4. A block according to claim 3, wherein the coating has been applied by combustion flame spraying or plasma spraying.
5. A block according to claim 3, wherein the coating is a cladding of platinum or platinum alloy foil.
6. A block according to claim 4, wherein the sprayed coating has been post-treated by shot-peening or heat treatment.
7. A method of operating a glass furnace composed of ceramic blocks prone to attack by molten glass, involving repair of dangerously thinned areas by the addition of backing blocks, characterised in that a backing block is used which is provided on its inner surface in contact with the danger area, with a platinum group metal coating which is impervious to molten glass.
8. A method according to claim 7, wherein the backing block is according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A method according to claim 7, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0128441A GB2382641A (en) | 2001-11-28 | 2001-11-28 | A refractory furnace block with a surface coated in a platinum alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0128441A GB2382641A (en) | 2001-11-28 | 2001-11-28 | A refractory furnace block with a surface coated in a platinum alloy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0128441D0 GB0128441D0 (en) | 2002-01-16 |
| GB2382641A true GB2382641A (en) | 2003-06-04 |
Family
ID=9926570
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0128441A Withdrawn GB2382641A (en) | 2001-11-28 | 2001-11-28 | A refractory furnace block with a surface coated in a platinum alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2382641A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2777254A (en) * | 1952-10-22 | 1957-01-15 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Coated refractory for contacting molten glass and method of making same |
| GB1202999A (en) * | 1967-08-31 | 1970-08-26 | Du Pont | Method of metalizing a substrate |
| GB1242996A (en) * | 1969-02-24 | 1971-08-18 | Corning Glass Works | Plasma spraying protective coating on refractory |
| US4192667A (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1980-03-11 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Platinum group metal layer on a refractory |
| US4240847A (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1980-12-23 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Production of platinum group metal layer on a refractory |
| EP0074918A2 (en) * | 1981-09-10 | 1983-03-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for simultaneous peening and smoothing |
| EP0539330A1 (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-04-28 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Process for the preparation of substituted indoles |
| JPH11228260A (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-08-24 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Covering of platinum for refractory or the like |
-
2001
- 2001-11-28 GB GB0128441A patent/GB2382641A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2777254A (en) * | 1952-10-22 | 1957-01-15 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Coated refractory for contacting molten glass and method of making same |
| GB1202999A (en) * | 1967-08-31 | 1970-08-26 | Du Pont | Method of metalizing a substrate |
| GB1242996A (en) * | 1969-02-24 | 1971-08-18 | Corning Glass Works | Plasma spraying protective coating on refractory |
| US4192667A (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1980-03-11 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Platinum group metal layer on a refractory |
| US4240847A (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1980-12-23 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Production of platinum group metal layer on a refractory |
| EP0074918A2 (en) * | 1981-09-10 | 1983-03-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for simultaneous peening and smoothing |
| EP0539330A1 (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-04-28 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Process for the preparation of substituted indoles |
| JPH11228260A (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-08-24 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Covering of platinum for refractory or the like |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0128441D0 (en) | 2002-01-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |