GB235210A - Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of photographic emulsions - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of photographic emulsions

Info

Publication number
GB235210A
GB235210A GB14630/25A GB1463025A GB235210A GB 235210 A GB235210 A GB 235210A GB 14630/25 A GB14630/25 A GB 14630/25A GB 1463025 A GB1463025 A GB 1463025A GB 235210 A GB235210 A GB 235210A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
ligroin
alcohol
solution
sensitizing material
sensitizing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB14630/25A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kodak Ltd
Original Assignee
Kodak Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kodak Ltd filed Critical Kodak Ltd
Publication of GB235210A publication Critical patent/GB235210A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03CPHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/08Sensitivity-increasing substances
    • G03C1/10Organic substances
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03CPHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/04Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
    • G03C1/047Proteins, e.g. gelatine derivatives; Hydrolysis or extraction products of proteins
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03CPHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/08Sensitivity-increasing substances
    • G03C1/09Noble metals or mercury; Salts or compounds thereof; Sulfur, selenium or tellurium, or compounds thereof, e.g. for chemical sensitising

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)

Abstract

A sensitizing material is extracted in solution from organic tissues (e.g. hides, bones, cereal grains and leguminous plant seeds) and has the property of enhancing the sensitivity and other properties of photographic emulsions of various kinds. The material is contained in useful quantities in the sterol-containing extracts or fractions of animal and plant extracts. Sources of the material are bye-products from the treatment of hide, bones and gelatine manufacture, such as deliming solutions and bye-products from cereal preparations. Sources are of greater utility which have not been submitted to excessive oxidizing action which tends to destroy the active property of the material. As one example of preparation from animal sources, limed hide stock is agitated in a 1 per cent solution of hydrochloric acid, until a thick piece when cut across shows slight acidity to litmus at the inner parts of the cut. The deliming solution is then drawn off, concentrated at reduced pressure, and the concentrate is boiled until a coagulum or p precipitate is formed, which carries with it the sensitizing material, and is separated as by decantation, filtering or centrifuging off. It can then be washed. The coagulum is then preferably dried and ground. The sensitizing material is then extracted by a suitable solvent (e.g. alcohol) as by an extractor working on the Soxhlet principle of the continuous type. The alcoholic extract contains sterols and strong sensitizing materials as also does the dry residue obtained by evaporating it. By another method from a deliming solution obtained as above, an inorganic precipitate is formed to which the sensitizing material adheres. Potash alum is added to the deliming solution, the liquid brought nearly to boiling point, and caustic soda added to give a precipitate of aluminium hydroxide, addition being made until the pH value is 8 as shown by phenol red. The precipitate is allowed to settle, separated, dried and ground. Sensitizing material is extracted by ethyl alcohol, prolonged storage being avoided. Instead of using alcohols as the extracting solvent, which dissolves also certain impurities, ligroin or a volatile petroleum, e.g. petroleum ether, may be used. Since alcoholic extracts enter emulsions better however, the ligroin extracts are preferably evaporated to dryness and the residue taken up with alcohol. In an example of preparation from vegetable sources, lima beans are ground to a coarse flour, and, avoiding axidization, the flour is extracted with ligroin boiling between 40 DEG to 60 DEG C. The extract is evaporated and the residue taken up in alcohol. Alternatively again mustard seed is ground in water, allowed to ferment for say 12 hours at room temperature and extraction effected by shaking with ligroin. The ligroin extract although a strong sensitizing material can be further concentrated and purified. To remove any saponifiable oils, caustic soda is added to an alcoholic extract, the mixture boiled in apparatus having a reflux condenser until the oils are saponified. The solution is then evaporated to dryness and the residue taken up in sufficient water. Ligroin, or related petroleum ether, is added with shaking, the sensitizing material entering the ligroin whilst the oils and any glycerine liberated stay in the water. The ligroin extract is then separated out, the ligroin evaporated, and the residue taken up in alcohol. The sterol may be removed from such extracts, wholly or partially, by crystallization, by evaporating to dryness, taking up the dried residue in just sufficient warm, but not boiling, ethyl alcohol (say at 70 DEG to 80 DEG C.) to dissolve it, cooling until sterol crystals form, removing the crystals, washing them with a little ligroin, adding this wash to the liquid from which the crystals came, and finally concentrating by evaporation the combined liquids preferably at less than atmospheric pressure. The sensitizing material appears not to be truly soluble in water but to form a colloidal solution therein, but the solutions in alcohol and ligroin are true ones. It is stable if excessive exposure to oxidizing influences is avoided.
GB14630/25A 1924-06-06 1925-06-05 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of photographic emulsions Expired GB235210A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US718409A US1600736A (en) 1924-06-06 1924-06-06 Art of light-sensitive photographic materials
US718411A US1574944A (en) 1924-06-06 1924-06-06 Photographic light-sensitive material and process of making the same
US718410A US1574943A (en) 1924-06-06 1924-06-06 Art of light-sensitive photographic materials
US82846A US1602591A (en) 1924-06-06 1926-01-21 Photographic light-sensitive material containing tellurium and process of making the same
US82845A US1602590A (en) 1924-06-06 1926-01-21 Utilization of biochemical light-sensitizing extracts in the art of photographic materials
US82847A US1602592A (en) 1924-06-06 1926-01-21 Photographic light-sensitive material containing selenium and process of making the same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB235210A true GB235210A (en) 1926-12-06

Family

ID=27557251

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB14630/25A Expired GB235210A (en) 1924-06-06 1925-06-05 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of photographic emulsions
GB14629/25A Expired GB235209A (en) 1924-06-06 1925-06-05 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of photographic emulsions

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB14629/25A Expired GB235209A (en) 1924-06-06 1925-06-05 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of photographic emulsions

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (6) US1574943A (en)
DE (3) DE439372C (en)
FR (3) FR599934A (en)
GB (2) GB235210A (en)
NL (1) NL21355C (en)

Families Citing this family (70)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2449153A (en) * 1944-04-03 1948-09-14 Urbach Franz Photographic silver bromide emulsion sensitized with cysteine
BE474236A (en) * 1946-06-29
US2571688A (en) * 1946-11-29 1951-10-16 Ilford Ltd Production of colloidal silver
US2644756A (en) * 1947-02-08 1953-07-07 Polaroid Corp Photographic process for forming a positive transfer image
US2751299A (en) * 1952-11-08 1956-06-19 Eastman Kodak Co Mercury stabilizers for photographic emulsions sensitized with polyalkylene esters, amides, and ethers
US2743180A (en) * 1953-07-01 1956-04-24 Eastman Kodak Co Pentazaindene stabilizers for photo-graphic emulsions sensitized with alkylene oxide polymers
US2757088A (en) * 1953-12-30 1956-07-31 Du Pont Photographic silver halide emulsions containing phytic acid
US2757089A (en) * 1954-01-05 1956-07-31 Du Pont Phytic acid sensitizer for silver halide emulsions
BE539322A (en) * 1954-06-29
US2999751A (en) * 1957-07-30 1961-09-12 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Chemical sensitizing of photographic silver halide emulsions
US3184312A (en) * 1958-11-14 1965-05-18 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic emulsions containing carboxymethylated pigskin gelatin
BE624013A (en) * 1961-10-26
DE1151174B (en) * 1962-01-31 1963-07-04 Dr Karl Petz Process for the preparation of highly sensitive photographic emulsions with the aid of sensitization by gold salts
NL144403B (en) * 1964-02-10 1974-12-16 Kodak Nederland Bv METHOD OF INCREASING THE SENSITIVITY OF PHOTOSENSITIVE SILVER HALOGENIDE EMULSIONS AND PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIAL CONTAINED WITH THESE EMULSIONS.
GB1143673A (en) * 1965-04-29
US3320069A (en) * 1966-03-18 1967-05-16 Eastman Kodak Co Sulfur group sensitized emulsions
GB1282303A (en) * 1969-03-07 1972-07-19 Agfa Gevaert Improved light-sensitive material
BE759200A (en) * 1969-11-21 1971-05-21 Du Pont PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SILVER HALOGENIDE EMULSION OF HIGH SENSITIVITY
US3622318A (en) * 1970-03-20 1971-11-23 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic materials and processes
JPS5068133A (en) * 1973-10-18 1975-06-07
JPS511116A (en) * 1974-06-21 1976-01-07 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd HAROGEN KAGINSHASHINNYUZAINO SEIZOHO
US4197124A (en) * 1975-07-29 1980-04-08 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Non-treatment type planographic printing plate materials
JPS5945135B2 (en) * 1979-06-15 1984-11-05 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Silver halide photographic material
JPS5830747A (en) * 1981-08-17 1983-02-23 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd Photographic silver halide emulsion
JPS5969754A (en) 1982-10-14 1984-04-20 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Color photosensitive silver halide material
JPS59116647A (en) 1982-12-13 1984-07-05 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd Silver halide photosensitive material
JPS59137946A (en) 1983-01-28 1984-08-08 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Silver halide photosensitive material
JPS59188641A (en) 1983-04-11 1984-10-26 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Silver halide photographic emulsion
DE3482062D1 (en) * 1983-12-08 1990-05-31 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd METHOD FOR PRODUCING SILVER HALOGENIDE EMULSIONS.
JPS60143331A (en) 1983-12-29 1985-07-29 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Silver halide photosensitive material
JPS613137A (en) * 1984-06-15 1986-01-09 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Internal latent image type core/shell direct positive silver halide emulsion and its preparation
JPS613134A (en) * 1984-06-15 1986-01-09 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Preparation of silver halide emulsion and silver halide photographic sensitive material
JPS61245151A (en) 1985-04-23 1986-10-31 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd Silver halide photographic sensitive material
JPS61250645A (en) 1985-04-30 1986-11-07 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd Silver halide photographic sensitive material
JPS61250643A (en) 1985-04-30 1986-11-07 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd Silver halide photographic sensitive material
DE3682128D1 (en) 1985-07-17 1991-11-28 Konishiroku Photo Ind PHOTOGRAPHIC SILVER HALOGENID MATERIAL.
DE3684430D1 (en) 1985-12-25 1992-04-23 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN IMAGE.
DE3782351T2 (en) 1986-03-25 1993-05-27 Konishiroku Photo Ind LIGHT SENSITIVE PHOTOGRAPHIC SILVER HALOGENID MATERIAL USED FOR FAST DEVELOPMENT.
DE69003680T2 (en) * 1989-06-19 1994-05-05 Eastman Kodak Co Doping silver halide emulsions with a potassium selenate salt to form improved photoactive grains.
US5166045A (en) * 1989-06-19 1992-11-24 Eastman Kodak Company Doping of silver halide emulsions with group VIB compounds to form improved photoactive grains
DE69131785T2 (en) 1990-08-20 2000-05-11 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Data-preserving photographic film product and method for producing a color image
JPH04204640A (en) * 1990-11-30 1992-07-27 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Silver halide photographic sensitive material
US5240827A (en) * 1991-02-08 1993-08-31 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic element containing large, selenium-sensitized silver chloride grains
EP0514675B1 (en) 1991-04-22 1999-12-08 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic materials and method for processing the same
JP2699029B2 (en) * 1991-05-08 1998-01-19 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Silver halide photographic material
JP2936105B2 (en) * 1991-06-06 1999-08-23 コニカ株式会社 Method for producing silver halide emulsion and silver halide photographic material
JP2778853B2 (en) * 1991-06-28 1998-07-23 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Silver halide photographic material
US5459027A (en) * 1991-06-28 1995-10-17 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material
US5395745A (en) * 1991-06-28 1995-03-07 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide emulsion, and light-sensitive material prepared by using the emulsion
JP2691089B2 (en) * 1991-07-24 1997-12-17 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Silver halide photographic material
JPH05127290A (en) * 1991-11-06 1993-05-25 Konica Corp Silver halide photographic emulsion and silver halide photographic sensitive material formed by using this emulsion
JP2748062B2 (en) * 1991-11-06 1998-05-06 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Silver halide photographic material and image forming method using the same
JP2756520B2 (en) * 1991-11-15 1998-05-25 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Silver halide photographic material
EP0573649B1 (en) * 1991-12-18 1999-04-07 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic material
DE69131024T2 (en) * 1991-12-18 1999-08-05 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami-Ashigara, Kanagawa PHOTOGRAPHIC SILVER HALOGENID MATERIAL
US5525460A (en) 1992-03-19 1996-06-11 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion and light-sensitive material using the same
JP2811257B2 (en) * 1992-04-24 1998-10-15 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Silver halide photographic material
JP2824717B2 (en) 1992-07-10 1998-11-18 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Processing method of silver halide photographic material
EP0589460B1 (en) 1992-09-24 2000-08-09 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Method for processing a black & white silver halide light-sensitive material
EP0619515B1 (en) * 1993-04-07 2000-12-20 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Surface latent image type silver halide photographic emulsion
DE69516054T2 (en) * 1994-07-18 2000-10-26 Konica Corp., Tokio/Tokyo Silver halide photographic element and its processing method
US5616446A (en) * 1994-09-29 1997-04-01 Konica Corporation Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material
US5468588A (en) 1994-10-18 1995-11-21 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Process for manufacturing diffusion transfer printing plates
JPH08190199A (en) 1994-10-18 1996-07-23 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Co <3M> Photosensitive element
JP3393271B2 (en) * 1994-12-14 2003-04-07 コニカ株式会社 Silver halide photographic material and method for sensitizing silver halide emulsion
JP3448724B2 (en) 1995-11-29 2003-09-22 コニカ株式会社 Developer for silver halide photographic material and processing method thereof
EP1589372A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2005-10-26 Konica Corporation Silver halide emulsion, silver halide photographic sensitive material, and method of image formation
JP2007041376A (en) 2005-08-04 2007-02-15 Fujifilm Holdings Corp Silver halide photosensitive material and package including the same
EP2619628B1 (en) 2010-09-17 2014-03-26 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe BV Photographic paper and its use in a photo album
GB202006061D0 (en) 2020-04-24 2020-06-10 Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv Photographic paper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB235209A (en) 1926-12-06
US1574944A (en) 1926-03-02
NL21355C (en) 1930-03-15
FR599933A (en) 1926-01-25
DE433043C (en) 1926-08-24
US1602591A (en) 1926-10-12
US1574943A (en) 1926-03-02
DE439372C (en) 1927-01-12
DE441934C (en) 1927-03-18
US1602590A (en) 1926-10-12
FR599932A (en) 1926-01-25
FR599934A (en) 1926-01-25
US1600736A (en) 1926-09-21
US1602592A (en) 1926-10-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB235210A (en) Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of photographic emulsions
US2618670A (en) Process for deresinating rubber from plants
Pons Jr et al. Recovery of gossypol from cottonseed gums
Brauns The nature of lignin from Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla)
US1816394A (en) Process for working up materials containing lignin and cellulose
US2129222A (en) Process for the recovery of a soluble protein powder from whey
Tottingham et al. THE EXTRACTION OF NITROGENOUS CONSTITUENTS FROM PLANT CELLS1
US2193876A (en) Extraction of vitamin b complex
US2223398A (en) Extraction of sterols
US2437643A (en) Separation of neutral fat from tall oil
GB427680A (en) Process for refining vegetable and animal oils and fats
US1984260A (en) Process for preparing liquids containing active principles or hormones from parathyroid glands
US2136397A (en) Oestrogenous products and methods of producing the same
US2729656A (en) Isolation of sterols
DE545267C (en) Process for the separate extraction of the hormones contained in the adrenal cortex
US2891046A (en) Methods of processing and refining crude chemical fractions obtained from bark
US3004992A (en) Process for the separation of waxy components from sterol-containing materials
US1817686A (en) Process for the manufacture of physiologically active substances from female internal secretory sex organs
AT110558B (en) Process for obtaining the active components of the gonads.
US1464557A (en) Process of obtaining lecithin from vegetable raw materials
US1692509A (en) Manufacture of physiologically-active substances from organs
Niemann et al. Isolation and determination of starch in plant tissue
US1890851A (en) Extract of parathyroid gland and process of preparing the same
US1678454A (en) Process for obtaining certain remedial principles of oils
US1285474A (en) Glue-extracting process.