GB2350161A - Tractor transmission with a controller that prevents a shift to low speed - Google Patents
Tractor transmission with a controller that prevents a shift to low speed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2350161A GB2350161A GB9921563A GB9921563A GB2350161A GB 2350161 A GB2350161 A GB 2350161A GB 9921563 A GB9921563 A GB 9921563A GB 9921563 A GB9921563 A GB 9921563A GB 2350161 A GB2350161 A GB 2350161A
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- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- change speed
- low
- speeds
- speed mechanism
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/16—Inhibiting or initiating shift during unfavourable conditions, e.g. preventing forward reverse shift at high vehicle speed, preventing engine over speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
- F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
- F16H59/08—Range selector apparatus
- F16H2059/088—Fast forward-reverse-sequence mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
- F16H2200/0065—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising nine forward speeds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/085—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with more than one output shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
- F16H37/042—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement
- F16H37/043—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement without gears having orbital motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/70—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements
- F16H61/702—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements using electric or electrohydraulic control means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/40—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism comprising signals other than signals for actuating the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/44—Signals to the control unit of auxiliary gearing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19167—In series plural interchangeably locked nonplanetary units
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Control Devices For Change-Speed Gearing (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
A tractor transmission comprises a main transmission 11, an auxiliary transmission 15 and a high/low speed change mechanism 14 that are arranged in series and have shift sleeves S1-S5, operated by hydraulic cylinders C1-C5 controlled by a programable controller (32, fig 4), which change gear ratios/ranges from, for example, high speed Hi to low speed Lo and vice versa. When the transmission 11, the auxiliary transmission 15 and the speed change mechanism 14 are all set in their highest ratios/ranges the controller (32, fig 4) prevents, via a program, the speed change mechanism 14 switching from the high speed range Hi to the low speed range Lo. A single shift lever (30, figs 4 to 7) provides control signals to the controller (32) which selects, via valves (V1-V6), appropriate shift sleeves S1-S5 to operate in the transmissions 11, 15 and the speed change mechanism 14 so that the desired transmission ratios/ranges are selected for operating the tractor. Shift lever 22 controls a backward/ forward drive mechanism 13 while creep shift lever 29 operates a super-reduction mechanism 16.
Description
2350161 AGRICULTURAL TRACTOR This invention relates to an agricultural
tractor, and more particularly to an improvement in a propelling transmission for use in an agricultural tractor.
A propelling transmission of the type noted above is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication Kokai H9-240297, for example. In this prior transmission, a main change speed mechanism and an auxiliary change speed mechanism are combined to perform change speed in inultiple stages (eight stages), It is proposed in the above publication to connect, in series to the two change speed mechanisms, a high/low change speed mechanism for performing change speed in two stages with a smaller transmission ratio than the transmission ratio between speed stages of the main change speed mechanism.
In the propelling transmission having the above construction, the number of speeds (eight speeds) provided by the combination of the main change speed mechanism and auxiliary change speed mechanism is combined with the change speed in two stages provided by the highAow change speed mechanism. Thus, a total of 16 speeds is provided by the transmission. In addition, an engageable and disengageable super-reduction mechanism may be connected in sexies to the change speed mechanisms to provide a total of 32 speeds, doubling the above number of speeds, for a forward drive range.
With as many as 32 speeds available as notea above, it is convenient in performing an agricultural operation since speed may be changed by finely defined stages to suit the operation while running at so a relatively low speed in a speed range for an operational run.
1 However, the 32 speeds are too many for a speed range for a road run which requires a relatively high speed. Operability and handling convenience are all the worse for the numerous speed stages, which poses a disadvantage in practical use.
This invention has been made having regard to the state of the art noted above. A primary object of the invention is to provide an agricultural tractor of practical utility with excellent operability and handling convenience m carrying out shifting operations, which allows appropriate speeds to be set for varied agricultural operations in a speed range for an operational ran, and allows a selection of not too fine-clefmeaspeed stages from a speed range for a road.run.
The above object is fififiRed, according to this invention, by an is agricultural tractor comprising an engine, a pair of drive wheels, and a propelling transmission disposed between the engine and the drive wheels for transmitting drive from the engine in a plurality of speed.9, The propelling transmission includes a main change speed mechanism, an auxiliary change speed mechanism, and a higlvlow change speed mechanism for providing two, high and low. speeds with a smaller transmission ratio than a transmission ratio between speed stages of the main change speed mechanism. The main change speed mechanism, auxiliary change speed mechanism and ow change speed mechanism are arranged, insezies. Speeds in a low-speed range for an operational run among speeds provided by the main change speed mechanism and the auxiliary change speed mechanism are combined with the two speeds provided by the high/low change speed mechanism. The propelling transmission further includes a check device fox preventing the high/low change speed inechanism from being operated to the low speed, in a high-speed range for a road run among 2 the speeds provided by the main change speed mechanism and the auxiliary change speed mechanism, whereby the high-speed range is combined only with the high speed provided by the high/low change speed mechanism.
With this construction, the tractor may run at speeds, in the speed range for an operational run, suited to vaiiect agricultural operations.
Further, the speed range for a road run includes speeds not excessively fine-defined. The tractor may run on the road by selecting a suitable speed. Thus, the agricultural tractor according to this invention 'has practical utility with excellent operability and handling convenience in carrying out shifting operations.
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with eferende to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an agricultural tractor according to this invention; Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a transmission line; Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the transmission line; Fig. 4 is a diagram of a hydraulic circuit for change speed controls; Fig. 5 is a front view of a driving platform; Fig. 6 is a side view of a shift lever; Fig. 7 is a reax view of the shift lever; Fig. 8 is a plan view of a lever guide; Fig. 9 is a graph of speed distribution characteristics; Fig. 10 shows tables of a relationship between speed stages and change speed mech me; Fig. 11 shows a table of a relationship between forward speed stages and change speea mechanisins in a diffierent embodiment; and Fig. 12 is a side view of a transmission structure in a farther embodiment.
3 Fig. 1 shows a side elevation of an agricultural tractor. This agricultural tractor has a tractor body I with a rotary plow 4 coupled to the rear end thereof to be vertically movable by an external lift cylinder 3. Output of an engine 4 mounted on the front of tractor body I is transmitted through a main clutch 6 to a transmission case 6 where the power is branched to a propelling line and a PTO line. The power branched to the propelling line is put to an appropriate change speed to drive rear wheels 7 acting as drive wheels and front wheels 8 acting as dirigible wheels. The power branched to the PTO line also is put to an appropriate change speed, and transmitted to the rotary plow 4 through a PTO shaft 9 disposed in a rear position of tractor body 1.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the transmission line. Fig. 3 schematically shows a transmission mounted in the transmission case 6. The engine output transmitted through the main clutch 5 to the transmission case 6 is branched to the propelling line and PTO line through a counter shaft 10. The propelling line includes, arranged in series, a main change speed mechanism 11 for providing four speeds, a multidisk change speed hydraulic clutch 12, a backward and forward drive switching mechanism 13, a high/low change speed mechanism 14 for providing two, high and low, speeds with a small transmission ratio, an aux:iHary change speed mechanism 15 for providing two, high and low, speeds with a large transmission ratio, and a super-reduction mechanism 16. The power having undergone 26 change speed operations by these change speed mechanisms is transmitted to the rear wheels 7 through a rear differential 17, and to the front wheels 8 through a transmission shaft 18 and a front differential 19. The PTO line includes a PTO change speed mechanism 20 for changing the power branched thereto by the counter shaft 10 to three forward speeds and one backward speed for 4 transmission to the PTO shaft 9.
As shown in Fig. 3, the main change speed mechanism 11 includes two shift sleeves S 1 and S2 ahiftable to provide four speeds. Thefirst sp eed is provided when the shift sleeve S 1 is shifted rearward with the shift sleeve S2 maintained in neutral. The second speed is provided when the shift sleeve SI is shifted forward with the shift sleeve S2 maintained in neutral. The thixcl speed is provided when the shift sleeve S2 is shifted rearward with the shift sleeve SI maintained in neutral. The fourth speed is provided when the shift sleeve S2 is shifted forward with the shift sleeve S1 maintained in neutral. The shift sleeves S l and S2 are operable by hydraulic cylinders Cl anaC2 acfmg also as sequence valves, respectively The backward and forward drive switching mechanism 13 includes a shift sleeve SS shiftable forward to provide forward drive and rearward to provide backward drive. The shift sleeve S3 is interlocked to a backward and forward drive switching lever 22 disposed at a left side of a steering wheel 2 l.
When the backward and forward drive switching mechanism 13 is operated to a forward position, power is transmitted from a transmission shaft 23 at the output side of change speed hydraulic clutch 12 to the high/low change speed mechanism 14 through an intermediate idle shaft 24. The power having undergone a change speed operation by the bigMow change speed mechanism 14 is transmitted to the amd change speed mechanism 15 through a change speed shaft 25. When the backward and forward drive switching mechanism 13 is operated to a backward position, power is transmitted from the transmission shaft 23 directly to the change speed shaft 25 without passing through the highhow change speed mechanism 14. That is, the high/low change speed mechsiniRrn 14 and backward and forward drive switching mechanism 13 are arranged between the main change speed mechanism 11 and auxiliaxy change speed mechanism 15, with the high/low change speed mechanism 14 disposed adjacent and downstream, with respect to the direction of power transmission, of a forward drive gear of the backward and forward drive switching mech m 13.
The highAow change speed mechanism 14 includes a shift sleeve S4 shiftable forward to provide a low speed "Lo" and rearward to provide a high speed "W". The transmission ratio between the high speed and low speed is set smaller than the train mi sion ratio between speed stages provided by the main change speed mechanism 11. The shift sleeve S4 is shiftable, by a hydraulic cylinder C4 acting also as a sequence valve.
The auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 includes a shift sleeve S5 shiftable forwaxcl to provide a low speed 'U' and rearwarcl to provide a high speed "H". The transmission ratio between the high speed and low speed is set larger than the transmission ratio between the speed stages provided by the main change speeamechanism 11. The shift sleeve S5 is shiftable by a hydraulic cylinder CS acting also as a sequence valve.
The super-reduction mechanism 16 includes a shift sleeve S6 shiftable forward to provide a "super-reduction OFF state" whereby change speed output of the auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 is transmitted directly to a final change speed shaft 26. The shift sleeve S6 is able rearward to provide a "super-reduction ON state" whereby change speed output of the auxiliary change speed mech i m is greatly reduced while passing through a reduction shaft 27, to be transmitted to the final change speed shaft 26. The shift sleeve S6 is operable by a creep shift lever 29 disposed at the left side and rearwardly of a dziver's seat 28.
Fig. 4 shows the hydraulic cylinders Cl and C2 for operating the 6 main change speed mechanism 11, the hydraulic cylinder b3 for operating the auxiliary change speed mechanism 15, the hydraulic cylinder C4 for operating the high/low change speed mechanism 14, and a hydraulic control circuit for controlling the change speed hydraulic clutch 12. In Fig. 4, references V1-W denote electromagnetic unloading valves. Reference V7 denotes an electromagnetic proportional control valve. Reference V8 denotes a pilot operated unloading valve. Reference 30 denotes a shift lever disposed at the left side of dAver's seat 28 to be rockable fore and aft. Reference 31 denotes a potentiometer for detecting a position to which the shift lever is operated. The electromagnetic unloading valves V1-W and electromagnetic proportional control valve V7 are all connected to a controller 32. Thus, when the shift lever 80 is operated, the controller 32 controls these valves to obtain a speed stage indicated by the shift lever 30- The controller 32 performs controls based on a program set thereto. A central portion of this program has commands corresponding to the table shown in Fig. 10. When the shift lever 30 is operated to a first shift position, for example, the controller 32 controls the electromagnetic unloading valves V1-W to shift the main change speed mechanism 11 to a first position, the auidliary change speed mechanism 15 to "L" and the high/low change speed mechanism 15 to "Lo" as shown in Fig. 10.
As shown in Figs. 4, 6, and 7, the shift lever 80 projects from a guide groove 35 of a lever guide S4 fixed to an inward wall of a left rear wheel fencler 33. The shift lover 30 has a neutral position N at the rear end. of its operating stroke, and shift positions for 12 forwaxd stages and 8 backward stages arranged forwardly of the neutral pc$ ition.
A support bracket 36 formed of sheet metal is fixed to the inward wall of the rear wheel fender 33. The support bracket 36 supports a 7 support shaft 37 extending sideways to be rotatable relative to the bracket 36, with a lever fulcrum member 38 fixed to the support shaft 37. The shift lever 30 has a proximal end thereof pivotally connected.
to the lever fulcrum member 38 to be rockable right and left about a fore and aft pivotal axis x extending perpendicular to the support shaft 37. The potentiometer 31 is attached to a support piece 86a formed integral with the support bracket 36. The potentiometer 31 has an operating rod 31a thereof coaxially coupled to the support shaft 37.
Thus, the potentiometer 8 1 detects a fore and aft rocliing position of the shift lever 30.
As best seen in Fig. 6, the shift lever 30 is constantly biased leftward by a torsion spring 39 mounted on the pivotal axis x, whereby the shift lever 30 is guided to move along the left edge of the guide groove 3 5 which is in a staggered form (Fig. 8).
As shown in Rg. 6, the support bracket 36 has a positioning plate 86b formed integral therewith and upstanding in a sector shape as seen from a side. The positioning plate 36b has an outer peripheral edge defining positioning recesses 41 corresponding to the neutral and 12 shift positions. The lever fulcrum member 38 has a retainer arm 48 attached thereto to be vertically oscillatable about an axis y and biased downward by a spring 42. The retainer arm 43 carries a roller 44 for resiliently Bitting into the positioning recesses 41 on the outer peripheral edge of positioning plate 36b, thereby steadily maint g the shift lever 30 in the neutral and 12 shift positions.
Fig, 10 shows a relationship between the 12 forward speeds provided by operating the shift lever 30, and positions of the main change speed mechanism 11, auxiliary change speed mechanism 16 and high/low change speed mechanism 14.
Specifically, for the first forward speed, the main change speed mechanism 11 is shifted to the first speed. position, the auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 to the position for low speed "L", and the hgh/low change speed mechanism 14 to the position for low speed "Lo". For the second forward speed, the main change speed mechanism 11 is maintained in the first speed position and the auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 in the position for low speed 'V', and the high/low change speed mechanism 14 is switched to the position for high speed "Hi". For the third forward speed, the main change speed mechanism 11 is shifted to the second speed position, the auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 to the position for low speed "U', and the high/low change speed mechanism 14 to the position for low speed "Lo". For the fourth forward speed, the main change speed mechanism 11 is maintained in the second speed position and the auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 in the position for low speed 'V'. and the highdow change speed mechanisrn 14 is switched to the position for high speed 'TW, For the fifth forward speed, the main change speed mechanism 11 is shifted to the third speed position, the auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 to the position for low speed 'V', and the high/low change speed mechanism 14 to the position for low speed "Lo". Forthe sixth forward speed, the main change speed mechanism 11 is maintained in the third speed position and the auxfiiary change speed mechanism 15 in the position for low speed "L". and the high/low change speed mechanism 14 is switched to the position for high speed In". Fox the seventh forward speed, the main change speed mechanism 11 is shifted to the fourth speed position, the auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 to the position for low speed W, and the high/low change speed mechanism 14 to the position for low speed "Lo".
Fox the eighth forward speed, the main change speed mechanism 11 is maintained in the fourth speed position and the au change speed mechanism 15 in the position for low "ed "L", and the high/low change speed mechanism 14 is switched to the position for high speed Mcf.
For the ninth to 12th forward speeds, the main change speed mechanism 11 is switched from the first speed position to the fourth speed position, with the auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 maintained in the position for high speed "H" and the high/low change speed mechanism 14 in the position for high speed "IW'. That is, when the controller 32 determines that the shift lever 30 has been operated to one of the positions corresponding to the ninth to 12th forward speeds, the controller 32 controls the electromagnetic unloading valve VS corresponding to the high/low change speed mechanism 14 to prevent the highAow change.9p eed mechanism 14 from switching to the position for low speed "Lo". Thus, part of the program set to the controller 32 serves as a cheek device for preventing the high/low change speed mechanism 14 from being shifted to provide the low speed.
Fig. 9 shows one example of forward speed distribution characteristics (a graph of vehicle speeds, with speed stages serving as variables). In Fig. 9, line (A) shows characteristics obtained from an ordinary run with the super-reduction mechanism 16 set "inoperative", while line (B) shows characteristics obtained. from an ultra-slow operational run with the super-reduction mechanism 16 set "operative".
For an ordinary plowing operation, a low-speed range from. the first to eighth forward speeds with characteristics (A) is selected. For road running, a high-speea range from the ninth to 12th forward speeds with characteristics (A) is selectedL The first to 12th forward speeds with characteristics (A) in Fig. 9 are 1.51, 1.81, 2.13. 2.55, 2.64, 3.16, 3.53, 4.21, 5.91, 8.34, 10.8 and 13.77 (km/h), respectively- That is, with the super-reduction mechanism set inoperative, the speed range for an operational run is set to approximately 1.5 to 4 km/h, and the speed range foie a road run to approximately 5 km/h and above.
The first to 12th forward speeds with characteristics (B) are 0.17, 0.20, 0.24, 0.29, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.47, 0.66, 0.94, 1.16 and 1.55 (km/h), respectively. Thus, with the super-reduction mechanism set operative, vehicle speed at the lowest speed stage is set below 0.2 kmlh.
In this way, speed may be changed by finely defined stages in the low-speed range during an operational run. During a road run, speed may be changed by broad and not unduly fine stages.
It will be seen from Fig. 9 that the vehicle speed function for characteristics (A) has a smaller gradient in the low-speed range (fixet to eighth speeds) than in the high-speed range (ninth to 12th speeds).
Preferably, the gradient in the low-speed range h at most halú and more desirably at most 114 of, the gradient in the high-speed range.
When the backward and forward drive switching lever 22 is operated to a "back" position, power is transmitted from the am change speed mechanism 11 to the auxiliary change speed mechanism without passing through the high/low change speed mechanism 14.
Thus, eight speeds are provided by the combination of main and auxiliary change speed mechanisms 11 and 15. That is, in the backward driving state, as shown in Fig. 8, the first and second forward speed positions correspond to the first backward speed position. The thircl and fourth forward speed positions correspond to the second backward speed position. The fifth and sixth forward speed positions correspond to the third backward speed position. The seventh and eighth forward speed positions correspond to the fourth backward speed position. The ninth to 12th forward speed positions correspond to the ffth to eighth backward speed position.
Upon detection of a shift position of shift lever 80, the electromagnetic unloading valves V1-W are controlled to shift requirecl shift sleeves Si-S6 by means of hydraulic cylinders Cl-CS, The electromagnetic control valve V7 also is controlled at this time. An 11 example of such change speed control will be described hereinafter.
Fig 4 shows a state for providing the second forward speed where the main change speed mechanism 11 is in the first speed position, the auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 in the position for low speed "L", and the high/low change speed mechanism 14 in the position for high speed "lli". In this state, the change speed clutch 12 is engaged by pressure oil from a pump P. When the shift lever 30 is moved from the second forward speed position to the third forward speed position, the electromagnetic unloading valves V1, V2 and V5 axe reversed and the hydraulic cylinders Cl and C4 are contracted to switch the main change speed mechanism 11 from the first speed position to the second speed position, and the high/low change speed mechanism 14 from the position for high speed "ET' to the position for low speed "Lo".
When the hydraulic cylinders Cl and C4 begin a shifting operation, check valves 46 are thereby mechanically opened to reduce the pressure in an oil line 47. Then, the pilot operated unloading valve V8 using the pressure in the oil line 47 as a pilot pressure is switched by a return spring to drain pressure oil from the propelling hydraulic clutch 12. The clutch 12 is thereby automatically disengaged to allow smooth shifting of the shift sleeves S l and S4.
When the shift sleeves S1 and S4 are shifted to predetermined shift positions, the hydraulic cylinders Cl and C4 stop their action for forcibly opening the check valves 46. The cheek valves 46 are closed again, whereby the pressure in the oil line 47 begins to increase to switch the unloading valve VS to the position for supplying pressure oil to the propelling hydraulic clutch 12. In this case. the pressure increase in the oil line 47 is detected by a pressure sensor PS, which starts a control of an opening degree of the electromagnetic proportion control valve V7. The pressure of pressure ofi supplied to propelling hydraulic clutch 12 is gradually increased with a predetermined 12 characteristic, to engage the dutch 12 with no shock.
Though not described, operations for the other speed stages are basically the same as above, The propelling clutch is disengaged duxing the operation of the shift sleeves. Upon completion of the shifting operation, the propelling dutch is engaged with the predetermined pressure increase characteristic.
The invention may be implemented in the following forms also.
As shown in Fig. 11, a speed stage (ninth forward. speed) may be added, where the main change speed mechanism 11 is in the first speed position, the auxiliazy change speed mechanism 15 in the position for high speed "H", and the high/low change speed mechanism 14 in the position for low speed "Lo". This construction provides 18 forward speeds, With this construction, the first to ninth forward speeds may be used for an operational run, and the tenth to 13th forward speeds for a road run.
In this case, the first to Ath forward speeds in an ordinary run with the super-reduction mechanism 16 set "inoperative", preferably, are 1.1, 1.4, 1-6, 2-0, 2.6, 3.3, 3-8, 4.8, 5.5, G.9, 9.7, 15.7 and 23.2 (kmih), respectively. The first to 18th forward speeds in an ultra-slow operational run with the super-reduction mechanism 16 set "operative", preferably, are 0.13, 0.16, 0-18, 0.23, 0.3.0.37, 0.43, 0.64, 0.62, 0.77. 1.1, 1.8 and 2.6 (.km/h), respectively.
With these vehicle speeds made available, appropriate speeds may be selected to suit agricultural operations. Whert a plow is attached to the agricultural tractor, for example, a speed of about 5-7 kra/h is desirable. When a front loader is attached, a speed of about 3-5 km/h is desirable. Further, when a mower is attached to the agricultural tractor, a speed of about 2-4 km/h is desirable. When a trencher is attached, a speed of about 0.13-1 km/h is desirable.
As shown in Fig. 12, the high/low change speed mechanism 14 13 may be disposed in a most upstream position in the transmission hne.
In the foregoing embodiment, the main change speed mechanism 11, auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 and high/low change speed mechanism 14 are operable by the single shift lever 30. This 6 construction may be modified such that the main change speed mechanism 11 and auxiliary change speed mechanism 15 axe operable by a single shffi lever, and the highAow change speed mechanism 14 operable by a switch mounted on the grip of the shift lever.
The change speed mechanisms per se may be in a form other than the desciibed form shiftable by the hydraulic cylinders. It will, be easy to adopt a construction where, for example. a hydxaulic clutch is provided for each speed, and a desired speed is produced by selecting a group of clutches.
The 'high/low change speect mechanism 14 may be the planetary gear type rather than the shift type.
14
Claims (13)
1. An agricultural tractor comprising:
an engine, a pair of drive wheels; and a propelling transmission disposed between said engine and said drive wheels for transmitting drive from said engine in a plurality of speeds, said propelling transmission induding.
a main change speed mech i m; an auxiliary change.9peed mech i m; a high/low change speed mechanism for providing two, high and low, speeds with a smaller transmission ratio than a transmission ratio between speed stages of said, main change speed mechanism, wherein said main change speed mechanism, said auxiliary change is speed mechanism and said high/low change speed mechanism are arranged in series, and speeds in a low-speed range for an operational run among speeds provided by said main change speed mechanism and said auxiliary change speed mechanism axe combined with the two speed,s provided by said highilow change speed mechanisin; and check raeans for preventing said high/low change speed mechanism úrora being operated to the low speed, in a high-speed range for a road run among the speeds provided by said main change speed mechanism and said auxiliary change speed inechnni"n, whereby said high-speed range is combined. only with the high speed provided. bysaid.
highilow change speed mech m.
2. An agricultural tractor as defined in claim 1, wherein each of saict main change speed mechanism, said auxiliary change speed mech i m and said high/low change speed mechanism is controllable by a controller through a corresponding hydraulic cylinder, said cheek is means being part of a program set to said controller.
3. An agricultural tractor as defined in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said high/low change speed mechanism and a backward and forward dxive switching mechanism are arranged between said main change speed mechanism and said au--dhary change speed mechanism, said high/low change speed mechanism being disposed downstream, with respect to a direction of power transmission, of a forward gear of said backward and forward drive switching mechanism.
4. An agricultural tractor as defined in any preceding claim, wherein said main change speed mechanism, said auxiliary change speed mechanism and said highAow change speed mechanism are operable by a single shift lever.
16
5. An agricultural tractor as defined in any preceding claim, wherein eight or nine speeds are set to said low-speed range for an operational run while four or five speeds are set to said high-speed range for a road run.
6. An agricultural tractor as defined in any preceding claim, further comprising an engageable and disengageable super-reduction mechanism connected in series to said propelling transmission.
7. An agricultural tractor as defined in claim 6, wherein, with said super-reduction mechanism disengaged, said low-speed range for an operational run is approximately 1.5 to 4 km/h while said high-speed range for a road run is approximately 5 km/h and above.
8. An agricultural tractor as defined in claim 6, wherein, with said super-reduction mechanism engaged, a minirniltn running speed is less 16 than 0.2 kmlh.
9. An agricultural tractor as definedin cWm 1, wherein, assumfingall speeds provided by a combination of said main change speed mechanism, said auxiliary change speed mechanism and said high/low change speed mechanism to be variables, and running speeds corresponding to said all speeds to be a function of said variables, said running speeds have a smaller gradient in said low-speed range than in said high-speed range.
10. An agricultural tractor as defmed in claim 9, wherein said low speed range includes first three speeds while said high-speed range includes three highest speeds.
is
11. An agricultural tractor as defined in claim 9, wherein said gradient in said low-speed range is at most half a gradient in said high speed range.
12. An agricultuxal tractor as defined in daini 9, wherein said gradient in said low-speed range is at most 114 of a gradient in said high-speed range.
13. An agricultural tractor substantially as herein described with reference to Figures 1 to 11 or Figure 12, of the accompanying drawings.
17
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13744299A JP3583021B2 (en) | 1999-05-18 | 1999-05-18 | Travel transmission for agricultural tractors |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9921563D0 GB9921563D0 (en) | 1999-11-17 |
| GB2350161A true GB2350161A (en) | 2000-11-22 |
| GB2350161B GB2350161B (en) | 2001-07-25 |
Family
ID=15198730
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9921563A Expired - Lifetime GB2350161B (en) | 1999-05-18 | 1999-09-13 | Agricultural tractor |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6138528A (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3583021B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100326088B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2350161B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1482217A3 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2009-09-16 | Deere & Company | Transmission arrangement and its operation method |
| EP1662164A3 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2009-11-04 | Deere & Company | Method to control a transmission, transmission and vehicle |
| WO2019039667A1 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-02-28 | Kang Myungkoo | Discontinuously variable transmission having gear boxes |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2358049B (en) * | 1999-11-04 | 2001-12-19 | Kubota Kk | Tractor transmission |
| JP2005180514A (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-07-07 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Transmission device of tractor |
| JP4194094B2 (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2008-12-10 | 株式会社クボタ | Working vehicle structure |
| JP4591676B2 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2010-12-01 | 井関農機株式会社 | Powered vehicle |
| JP4437446B2 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2010-03-24 | 株式会社クボタ | Power transmission device for tractor |
| JP4951998B2 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2012-06-13 | 井関農機株式会社 | Tractor shift control device |
| CA2575181A1 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-24 | Park Lake Welding & Manufacturing Ltd. | Auxiliary transmission for a motor vehicle |
| US7735592B2 (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2010-06-15 | Textron Innovations Inc. | Regulated output voltage generator-set applied to mobile equipment in the turf industry |
| JP5160367B2 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2013-03-13 | 三菱農機株式会社 | Work vehicle |
| KR200452284Y1 (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2011-02-21 | 대동공업주식회사 | Power take off transmission |
| DE102010034225A1 (en) * | 2010-08-07 | 2012-02-09 | Daimler Ag | Motor vehicle driving device |
| KR101590249B1 (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2016-01-29 | 조진희 | flowerpot with audio device |
| US11592083B2 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2023-02-28 | Deere & Company | Configuration of gearshift variants |
| KR102714341B1 (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2024-10-10 | 주식회사 진명파워텍 | Method of shifting transmission for work vehicle and transmission for work vehicle |
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| US4590817A (en) * | 1983-03-15 | 1986-05-27 | Massey-Ferguson Inc. | Gear selector means |
| EP0737828A1 (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1996-10-16 | Eaton Corporation | Vehicular transmission |
| EP0769641A1 (en) * | 1995-10-21 | 1997-04-23 | Eaton Corporation | Compound transmission with repeat or double-I shift pattern |
| JPH09240297A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1997-09-16 | Kubota Corp | Travel transmitting structure for working vehicle |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3633372A1 (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1988-04-14 | Deere & Co | METHOD FOR SHIFTING A TRANSMISSION CONSISTING OF SEVERAL TRANSMISSION UNITS |
| CA2013563C (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1995-05-02 | Yasuyuki Horii | Power transmission for driving vehicle |
| GB9017920D0 (en) * | 1990-08-15 | 1990-09-26 | Massey Ferguson Services Nv | Planetary gear units |
| US5117702A (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1992-06-02 | Deere & Company | Powershift transmission for an agricultural tractor |
| US5931055A (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1999-08-03 | Meritor Heavy Vehicle Systems, Llc | Electrical transmission range shift system |
-
1999
- 1999-05-18 JP JP13744299A patent/JP3583021B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-10 US US09/393,674 patent/US6138528A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-13 KR KR1019990038939A patent/KR100326088B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-09-13 GB GB9921563A patent/GB2350161B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4590817A (en) * | 1983-03-15 | 1986-05-27 | Massey-Ferguson Inc. | Gear selector means |
| EP0737828A1 (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1996-10-16 | Eaton Corporation | Vehicular transmission |
| EP0769641A1 (en) * | 1995-10-21 | 1997-04-23 | Eaton Corporation | Compound transmission with repeat or double-I shift pattern |
| JPH09240297A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1997-09-16 | Kubota Corp | Travel transmitting structure for working vehicle |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1482217A3 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2009-09-16 | Deere & Company | Transmission arrangement and its operation method |
| EP1662164A3 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2009-11-04 | Deere & Company | Method to control a transmission, transmission and vehicle |
| WO2019039667A1 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-02-28 | Kang Myungkoo | Discontinuously variable transmission having gear boxes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9921563D0 (en) | 1999-11-17 |
| GB2350161B (en) | 2001-07-25 |
| JP2000326740A (en) | 2000-11-28 |
| KR20000075399A (en) | 2000-12-15 |
| US6138528A (en) | 2000-10-31 |
| KR100326088B1 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
| JP3583021B2 (en) | 2004-10-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Expiry date: 20190912 |