GB2334077B - A plunger assembly for an internal combustion engine high pressure fuel system - Google Patents
A plunger assembly for an internal combustion engine high pressure fuel systemInfo
- Publication number
- GB2334077B GB2334077B GB9903016A GB9903016A GB2334077B GB 2334077 B GB2334077 B GB 2334077B GB 9903016 A GB9903016 A GB 9903016A GB 9903016 A GB9903016 A GB 9903016A GB 2334077 B GB2334077 B GB 2334077B
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- combustion engine
- internal combustion
- high pressure
- pressure fuel
- fuel system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
- F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
- F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
- F02M57/023—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive mechanical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M41/00—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
- F02M41/02—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements
- F02M41/04—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements the distributor reciprocating
- F02M41/042—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements the distributor reciprocating by means of mechanical drive
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M41/00—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
- F02M41/08—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M41/00—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
- F02M41/08—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined
- F02M41/10—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor
- F02M41/12—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor
- F02M41/121—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor with piston arranged axially to driving shaft
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M41/00—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
- F02M41/08—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined
- F02M41/14—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined rotary distributor supporting pump pistons
- F02M41/1405—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined rotary distributor supporting pump pistons pistons being disposed radially with respect to rotation axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
- F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
- F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
- F02M57/023—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive mechanical
- F02M57/024—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive mechanical with hydraulic link for varying the piston stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
- F02M59/04—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by special arrangement of cylinders with respect to piston-driving shaft, e.g. arranged parallel to that shaft or swash-plate type pumps
- F02M59/06—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by special arrangement of cylinders with respect to piston-driving shaft, e.g. arranged parallel to that shaft or swash-plate type pumps with cylinders arranged radially to driving shaft, e.g. in V or star arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
- F02M59/445—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
- F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
- F04B53/144—Adaptation of piston-rods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
- F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
- F05C2203/0865—Oxide ceramics
- F05C2203/0869—Aluminium oxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
- F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
- F05C2203/0865—Oxide ceramics
- F05C2203/0895—Zirconium oxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2251/00—Material properties
- F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
- F05C2251/042—Expansivity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2251/00—Material properties
- F05C2251/10—Hardness
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/021,296 US6149073A (en) | 1994-05-18 | 1998-02-10 | Ceramic plunger for internal combustion engine high pressure fuel system |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB9903016D0 GB9903016D0 (en) | 1999-03-31 |
GB2334077A GB2334077A (en) | 1999-08-11 |
GB2334077A8 GB2334077A8 (en) | 1999-10-12 |
GB2334077B true GB2334077B (en) | 2002-09-04 |
Family
ID=21803432
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB9903016A Expired - Fee Related GB2334077B (en) | 1998-02-10 | 1999-02-10 | A plunger assembly for an internal combustion engine high pressure fuel system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6149073A (ja) |
JP (1) | JPH11311164A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE19905462A1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2334077B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6688536B2 (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2004-02-10 | Caterpillar Inc | Free floating plunger and fuel injector using same |
US6460510B1 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2002-10-08 | Robert H. Breeden | Pump assembly and method |
US6622706B2 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2003-09-23 | Robert H. Breeden | Pump, pump components and method |
US6427663B1 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2002-08-06 | Robert H. Breeden | Inlet throttle pump assembly for diesel engine and method |
EP1379784B1 (de) * | 2001-04-06 | 2008-03-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Einstempel-einspritzpumpe für ein common-rail-kraftstoffeinspritzsystem |
DE10154552A1 (de) * | 2001-11-07 | 2003-05-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoff-Pumpeinrichtung für ein Kraftstoffsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine sowie Kraftstoffsystem |
US9259508B2 (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2016-02-16 | Louis A. Serafin, Jr. Trust | Ceramic manufactures |
US20050031466A1 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2005-02-10 | Coorstek, Inc. | Pump plungers and methods |
US7134851B2 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2006-11-14 | Coorstek, Inc. | Reciprocating pump having a ceramic piston |
DE10326880A1 (de) * | 2003-06-14 | 2004-12-30 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Radialkolbenpumpe zur Kraftstoffhochdruckerzeugung bei Kraftstoffeinspritzsystemen von Brennkraftmaschinen |
EP1654072A4 (en) * | 2003-07-14 | 2007-10-03 | Nordson Corp | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DISPENSING INDIVIDUAL QUANTITIES OF VISCOSEM MATERIAL |
US7025044B1 (en) | 2003-07-16 | 2006-04-11 | R. H. Sheppard Co., Inc. | Pump assembly and method |
JP4052220B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-08 | 2008-02-27 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料噴射ポンプ |
US20070009367A1 (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2007-01-11 | Kmt Waterjet Systems, Inc. | Close fit cylinder and plunger |
US20070272231A1 (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2007-11-29 | Ssw Holding Company, Inc. | Oven rack having an integral lubricious, dry porcelain surface |
US8070464B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2011-12-06 | Caterpillar Inc. | Retention system |
CN101806266B (zh) * | 2010-03-04 | 2012-07-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | 电控单体泵与电控喷油器双阀燃油喷射装置 |
CN102351531B (zh) * | 2011-06-24 | 2013-11-06 | 深圳市京南瓷业有限公司 | 氧化锆陶瓷柱塞及其制作方法 |
US10041447B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2018-08-07 | Caterpillar Inc. | Pump manifold |
US9926922B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2018-03-27 | Caterpillar Inc. | Barrel assembly for a fluid pump having separate plunger bore and outlet passage |
US10041484B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2018-08-07 | Caterpillar Inc. | Pump having inlet reservoir with vapor-layer standpipe |
US9909582B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2018-03-06 | Caterpillar Inc. | Pump with plunger having tribological coating |
US9828987B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2017-11-28 | Caterpillar Inc. | System and method for priming a pump |
US9828976B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2017-11-28 | Caterpillar Inc. | Pump for cryogenic liquids having temperature managed pumping mechanism |
CN106194532A (zh) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-07 | 唐守稼 | 多层蓄压单双缸柴油机电控喷油器 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1994027041A1 (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1994-11-24 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Compact high performance fuel system with accumulator |
US5409165A (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1995-04-25 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Wear resistant fuel injector plunger assembly |
EP0683314A1 (en) * | 1994-05-18 | 1995-11-22 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Ceramic fuel injector timing plunger |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3510062A (en) * | 1967-12-15 | 1970-05-05 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Delivery valve for engine fuel pump |
US4429227A (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1984-01-31 | General Electric Company | Solid state detector for CT comprising improvements in collimator plates |
JPS6170585A (ja) * | 1984-09-13 | 1986-04-11 | 日本テレビジヨン工業株式会社 | テレビジョン信号発生回路 |
JPS6254283A (ja) * | 1985-09-02 | 1987-03-09 | Sharp Corp | 画像形成装置 |
JPH0388972A (ja) * | 1989-08-31 | 1991-04-15 | Komatsu Ltd | 高圧プランジャ |
US5094215A (en) * | 1990-10-03 | 1992-03-10 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Solenoid controlled variable pressure injector |
US5215449A (en) * | 1991-12-05 | 1993-06-01 | Stanadyne Automotive Corp. | Distributor type fuel injection pump |
JPH06159180A (ja) * | 1992-11-25 | 1994-06-07 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | 分配型燃料噴射ポンプ |
US5423302A (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-06-13 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel injection control system having actuating fluid viscosity feedback |
EP0681100B1 (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 2002-03-27 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | System and methods for electronic control of an accumulator fuel system |
JPH0914035A (ja) * | 1995-06-28 | 1997-01-14 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | エンジンの燃料噴射時期制御装置 |
US5611317A (en) * | 1995-08-09 | 1997-03-18 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Open nozzle fuel injector having drive train wear compensation |
-
1998
- 1998-02-10 US US09/021,296 patent/US6149073A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-02-10 JP JP11033536A patent/JPH11311164A/ja active Pending
- 1999-02-10 GB GB9903016A patent/GB2334077B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-02-10 DE DE19905462A patent/DE19905462A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5409165A (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1995-04-25 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Wear resistant fuel injector plunger assembly |
WO1994027041A1 (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1994-11-24 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Compact high performance fuel system with accumulator |
EP0683314A1 (en) * | 1994-05-18 | 1995-11-22 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Ceramic fuel injector timing plunger |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9903016D0 (en) | 1999-03-31 |
GB2334077A (en) | 1999-08-11 |
DE19905462A1 (de) | 1999-08-26 |
GB2334077A8 (en) | 1999-10-12 |
JPH11311164A (ja) | 1999-11-09 |
US6149073A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
GB2334077B (en) | A plunger assembly for an internal combustion engine high pressure fuel system | |
GB2315813B (en) | A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine | |
GB2314946B (en) | A fuel control system for an internal combustion engine | |
GB2329937B (en) | Fuel injection procedure for starting an internal combustion engine | |
GB2287070B (en) | Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine | |
GB2291123B (en) | Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine | |
GB2341637B (en) | Fuel injection system for a diesel internal combustion engine | |
HRP950053B1 (en) | Fuel injector for a large two stroke internal combustion engine | |
EP0731267A3 (en) | Fuel supply system for internal combustion engine | |
GB2312486B (en) | High pressure fuel injection pipe for diesel internal combustion engine | |
GB2335465B (en) | Fuel injection system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine | |
GB2292184B (en) | A fuel feed system for an internal combustion engine | |
GB2288443B (en) | Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine | |
GB2312245B (en) | Engine brake for a multi-cylinder fuel injection internal combustion engine | |
GB2304830B (en) | High-pressure fuel pump for an internal combustion engine | |
AUPP347998A0 (en) | Fuel system for an internal combustion engine | |
GB2333328B (en) | Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines | |
AU5026699A (en) | A fuel valve for an internal combustion engine | |
GB9525088D0 (en) | A manifold assembly for an internal combustion engine | |
GB9822876D0 (en) | Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine | |
AU2002344659A1 (en) | A fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine | |
GB2319302B (en) | Fuel injection valve for an internal combustion engine | |
GB2307282B (en) | Fuel injection pump for an internal combustion engine | |
AU4173099A (en) | Fuel system for an internal combustion engine | |
GB9700510D0 (en) | High pressure fuel injection system for internal combustion engines |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20150210 |