GB2332367A

GB2332367A - Finger toothbrush

Info

Publication number: GB2332367A
Application number: GB9819653A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Amit Goradia
Original assignee: GORADIA INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIE
Current assignee: GORADIA INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIE
Priority date: 1997-12-17
Filing date: 1998-09-09
Publication date: 1999-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2018-09-09
Also published as: GB2332367B; BR9802442A; EP0985364B1; IN189823B; ZA984872B; HK1018934A1; GB9819653D0; EP0985364A2; CN1220124A; EP0985364A3

Abstract

A finger toothbrush has a bristled body 2 with a side engaging a finger 14 and at least one generally loop-like element 3 for holding the brush on the finger. The body 2 has at least one aperture 5. An element 3 engages with at least one of those opposed boundary edges (6, Fig. 9, not shown) of an aperture 5 which extend along the toothbrush. The aperture(s) facilitate injection moulding of the brush and brush bending during use. Bristle shapes are described (Figs. 6 to 8), and brush dimensions, and the brush may have bristles and/or bristle bundles (Fig. 9). A rib (13, Fig. 2) to retain tooth powder may surround the bristles.

Description

AN IMPROVED BRUSHING DEVICE is 2332367 The invention relates to a finger

toothbrush having a brush body which exhibits a finger-supporting side and at least one generally loop-like holding element for joining the finger toothbrush to a finger and bears bristles and/or bundles of bristles on the outer surface facing away form the finger-supporting side.

A finger toothbrush of this character is already known from US 168 998 by way of example. The finger toothbrush in that reference has a flexible brush body with bristles arranged on one side. Attached to the side of the brush body opposite the bristle side are a thimble-like holding element and a loop-like holding element. In manufacturing this finger toothbrush, the holding elements are made separately and then connected to the brush body, e.g. adhesively bonded or fused. This type of manufacture is, however, highly complex and hence costly.

A further finger toothbrush bearing bristles in a portion of a tubular brush body is known from US 5 636 405. Such a finger toothbrush can be manufactured in one piece, for example in an injection mould with two mould halves. However, before injecting the mould part for forming the interior cavity of the tube, it is necessary that a core be introduced into the mould cavity formed by the mould halves and be withdrawn again after injection. This is likewise complex and costly with regard to the injection mould and manufacture.

The object underlying the present invention is to provide a finger toothbrush of the kind set forth at - 2 the outset, which can be manufactured quickly and to especial cost advantage in a particularly simple way.

The object is accomplished according to the invention particularly in that the brush body has at least one aperture therethrough and that a generally looplike holding element engages with at least one of the opposed boundary edges of an aperture which extends along the finger toothbrush.

The apertures enable simple, one-piece manufacture of the finger toothbrush in an in3ection mould which may take the form of a multicavity mould for the simultaneous injection moulding of a plurality of finger toothbrushes, e.g. 24. Assembly of several components is not necessary. As a consequence, a high number of pieces of finger toothbrushes per unit of time can be manufactured, enabling cheap mass production.

A further advantage consists in that the apertures facilitate curvature of the brush body during cleaning for adaption to the dental structure. The flexibility of the finger toothbrush is thereby increased and cleansing efficiency can be enhanced.

It is advantageous if, on the one hand, the width of an aperture along the finger toothbrush, and, on the other hand, the width of the holding element associated to said aperture, are approximately equal. The portion recessed in the brush body for an aperture forms, as it were, the looplike holding element projecting at the finger-supporting side and spanning the aperture, which simplifies the manufacture of the finger toothbrush. The width of a loop-like holding 1 1! is element can be about 3mm to 1Omm, preferably about 4mm. Good retention of the finger toothbrush on a finger is hence given and the holding element exhibits sufficient stability.

It is particularly suitable if the finger toothbrush consists of elastic material, particularly rubber or rubber-like plastic, polyethylene, polypropylene or similar plastic material usable in an injection moulding process. The brush body of the finger toothbrush is thereby elastic to an extent such that, during cleaning, it can be adapted particularly well to the dental structure by bending the finger. The bristles are hence likewise elastic, so that they do not cause any injury during cleaning, but on the other hand they exhibit sufficient stability for good cleaning efficiency. By means of the likewise elastic holding elements, good adaptation to different finger widths can be attained and, as a result of the elasticity, the holding elements rest snugly against the finger so as to prevent the finger toothbrush from becoming inadvertently detached from the finger. In addition, it is possible to provide slanting bristles. By virtue of their elasticity, such bristles can be ejected from the injection mould despite their slanting arrangement, as they can undergo elastic deformation accordingly during ejection.

An advantageous embodiment contemplates that the holding element(s) are each of arcuate, closed configuration. Particularly good and secure retention of the finger toothbrush on the finger is thus constituted.

Another embodiment contemplates that at least one of - 4 is the holding elements has two arcuate holding arms which are preferably adapted to be spread apart against a restoring force, and whose free ends in particular face each other. This renders it especially practicable to adapt the finger toothbrush to different finger widths. There is hence the possibility of producing finger toothbrushes in a single size, which can then be used in like manner by people with different finger widths. This simplifies manufacture significantly.

A particularly suitable embodiment contemplates that the brush body is dished, e.g. concave, and its finger-supporting side is generally adapted in shape to the contour of a finger and that, at least in the region of the end receiving the finger tip, the dished brush body is formed approximately up to or over the finger tip. With such an anatomical shape, the brush body can be held with especial convenience and ease, so that the handling of the finger toothbrush, or more specifically the cleaning of teeth. is simplified.

The laterally arched edge area provides additional lateral guidance for the finger, so that it rests particularly snugly against the brush body and the finger toothbrush is prevented from inadvertently slipping or sliding off. To prevent injury in the oral cavity, particularly by the finger nail of the finger holding the finger toothbrush at least in the region of the end receiving the finger tip, the dished brush body is formed approximately up to or over the finger tip. By this means the finger nail is peripherally enclosed by, and does not project beyond, the brush body. The finger nail, or more specifically its outer edge, is hence practically embedded in the dished brush body.

1! i - It is suitable if the aperture(s) of the brush body continue into the laterally arched edge area. The dished brush body can thus be bent more simply at the apertures in order that, during cleaning, the finger toothbrush be adapted to the dental structure by bending the finger.

In addition, it is advantageous if the bristles or bundles of bristles are approximately 3mm to 5mm long, preferably 4mm, and where possible if bristles of different length are provided. The bristles are short enough to allow that the finger toothbrush, together with the finger holding it, be easily inserted into the oral cavity. On the other hand, the bristles are is of a length sufficient to be able to give way elastically during cleaning, enhancing cleaning efficiency and preventing injury in the oral cavity. The cleansing action, particularly in the interdental spaces, can be further enhanced by bristles of different length, that is to say, by a contoured array of bristles.

According to one embodiment, bristles can be provided whose cleaning ends are divided into a plurality of bristle tips. Fine, narrow bristle tips are thereby obtained, enabling thorough cleaning of the teeth and particularly of the dental interspaces.

It may be suitable if a peripheral rib generally bounding the array of bristles is provided and is of a height which is preferably about 0.5mm to about lmm. If tooth powder is used, this is normally sprinkled onto the moistened finger toothbrush. The peripheral rib prevents the tooth powder form dropping off the finger toothbrush. The height of the peripheral rib 6 is selected in such a way as, on the one hand, to keep the tooth powder on the finger toothbrush and, on the other, not to hamper cleaning.

is In addition, it may be suitable if the brush body is provided with a plurality of holding elements, preferably two, at a spacing corresponding particularly to about the length of the second finger joint of an index finger. A plurality of holding elements produces improved retention of the finger toothbrush on the finger. Given two holding elements spaced as mentioned, the finger toothbrush can be designed in such a way that the holding elements, and hence also the apertures, are in each case arranged in the region of a finger joint. By this means, the finger toothbrush can be adapted especially simply to the dental structure by bending the finger, so that in particular the molars can also be thoroughly cleaned.

Preferred embodiments of the finger toothbrush according to the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal side view of a finger toothbrush according to a first embodiment of the present invention, having a dished brush body and two loop-like holding elements; Fig. 2 is the finger toothbrush of Figure 1 viewed from the end at which the finger is inserted, with holding elements closed in an arcuate fashion; 1:

Fig. 3 is a finger toothbrush according to a second embodiment of the present invention viewed from the end at which the finger is inserted, with holding elements each having two arcuate holding arms; Fig. 4 Fig. 5 is the finger toothbrush of Figure 1 in which the end thereof receiving the finger tip is formed approximately up to the finger tip; is the finger toothbrush of Figure 4 viewed frontally from the end receiving the finger tip; Figs. 6 to 8 illustrate various embodiments of bristles of a finger toothbrush according to the present invention; and Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of an array of bristles of a finger toothbrush according to the present invention.

A finger toothbrush, altogether designated la, lb, lc, id, le in the respective Figures, has a brush body 2 and, projecting on the fingersupporting side of the brush body 2, two generally loop-like holding elements 3 for joining the finger toothbrush la, lb, lc, ld, le to a finger 14 indicated by a dashed line in Figure 1.

On the outer surface facing away from the fingersupporting side, the brush body 2 bears bristles 4 indicated in schematic form. Such finger toothbrushes la, lb, lc, ld, le can be slipped onto a finger 14 and employed for cleaning teeth directly with the finger 14.

8 Figure 1 shows a finger toothbrush la whose brush body 2 has two apertures 5 therethrough. A loop-like holding element 3 engages with the opposed boundary edges 6 of each aperture 5 which extend along the finger toothbrush la.

In order that the finger toothbrush la can be manufactured in one pieceand in an injection mould with only two plates, without further cores, in each case one aperture 5 and one holding element 3 are mutually opposed. During the injection moulding of the finger toothbrush la, one formation of a first mould cavity half engages with a respective recess of a second mould cavity half to form a holding element, whereby the formation is spaced at least in some regions from the recess. In the base area of the formation an aperture for this formation is produced during the injection moulding of the finger toothbrush, so that the injection mould can be opened again without any difficulty. When the injection mould is opened, simple ejection is possible because the finger toothbrush has no undercut areas. Separate cores and drawing devices are not necessary. The manufacture of the finger toothbrush is thus possible in a particularly simple, rapid and cost-advantageous fashion.

The apertures 5 furthermore enable simplified curvature of the brush body 2 when cleaning the teeth, since the apertures 5 also compose predetermined bending points.

It is also to be seen in Figure 1 that, on the one hand, the width bi of an aperture 5 along the finger toothbrush la, and, on the other hand, the width b2 of is the holding element 3 associated to said aperture, are approximately equal. On the basis of the abovedescribed manufacture of the finger toothbrush la in an injection mould with two plates and a formation engaging with a recess to compose a holding element, the width b2 of a holding element 3 can be maximally as large as the width bl of an aperture S. Consequently, the holding elements 3 have the greatest possible width b2, permitting especially good retention of the finger toothbrush la on the finger. In addition, the holding elements 3 are large and thereby sufficiently stable so as not to be damaged when inserting the finger or when cleaning teeth, increasing the service life of the finger toothbrush la.

The finger toothbrushes la, 1b, ic, id, le depicted in the Figures consist of elastic material, particularly rubber or rubber-like plastic, polyethylene, polypropylene or the like, which also lends itself well to use in an injection moulding process. Through the inherent elasticity of the material, the finger toothbrushes la, 1b, 1c, 1d, le can easily be curved by the finger 14 holding them, so as to be able to adapt them to the dental structure and gain ready access to all oral areas. Cleaning efficiency can thereby be enhanced. In addition, the bristles 4 are also elastically yielding, preventing injury in the oral cavity during cleaning.

Figure 2 shows a finger toothbrush ib viewed from the end at which the finger 14 is inserted. The holding element 3 to be seen in Figure 2 is of arcuate, closed configuration. By this means, the finger toothbrush ib is retained on a finger 14 especially well. Since - 10 the finger toothbrush ib consists of elastic material, the holding element 3 can be stretched and thus adapt itself to different finger widths.

is Figure 3 shows a different exemplary embodiment of a finger toothbrush ic in which the depicted holding element 3 has two arcuate holding arms 7. The free ends of the holding arms 7 face each other. Since the finger toothbrush ic consists of elastic material, the holding arms 7 can be spread apart against a restoring force. The holding element 3 can therefore adapt especially well and within broad limits to different finger sizes.

By this means it is not necessary to manufacture finger toothbrushes la, lb, lc, ld, le of different size. If necessary, larger finger toothbrushes la, lb, lc, ld, le with a larger brush body 2 can be provided for adults and smaller ones with a smaller brush body 2 can be provided for children. These can then be used by anyone in the respective group of persons, regardless of the individual finger size.

According to Figures 1 to 5 the brush body 2 is dished and its finger supporting side is generally adapted in shape to the contour of a finger. By this means, the finger 14 is held to the finger toothbrush la, lb, lc, ld, le especially well, preventing inadvertent detachment of the finger toothbrush la, lb, lc, ld, le from the finger 14 during cleaning.

According to Figures 4 and 5, in the region of the end receiving the finger tip, the dished brush body 2 is formed approximately up to the finger tip. Figure 4 shows a side view of the end of a finger toothbrush 1d 1 i 1 receiving the finger tip and Figure 5 shows a front view of a correspondingly configured finger toothbrush le. With these finger toothbrushes id, le, the finger nail does not project beyond the free edge 8 of the brush body 2, but is embedded in the brush body 2. Hence injuries in the oral cavity by the finger nail when cleaning teeth are prevented. The apertures 5 of the brush body 2 in each case continue into the laterally arched edge area (Figs. 1, 4). Simple curvature or bending of the brush body 2 in the region of the apertures 5 is thereby possible with little expenditure of force also with finger toothbrushes la, ld having dished brush bodies 2.

The wall thickness d of the brush body 2 (Figure 2) is proportioned in such a way that the finger toothbrush la, lb, lc, ld, le on the one hand exhibits sufficient stability to prevent damage of the brush body 2 in use, and on the other hand can be readily curved. In addition, the wall. thickness d is selected in such a way as to obtain a short cooling time during injection moulding of the finger toothbrush la, lb, lc, ld, le and thus higher manufacturing output of finger toothbrushes la, 1b, lc, ld, le per unit of time. The wall thickness of the brush body 2 is preferably about O.Smm to 3mm, particularly about imm.

Figures 6 to 8 show bristles 4a, 4b, 4c varying in configuration. Figure 6 depicts two separate bristles 4a each tapering at one side toward its free end, thus enhancing the cleansing action of the bristles 4a. In addition, the free ends of the bristles 4a are rounded to prevent injury in the oral cavity when cleaning teeth.

12 Figure 7 shows a bristle 4b whose cleaning end is divided into a plurality of bristle tips 9. The bristle tips 9 are so narrow as to enable thorough cleaning of the teeth and particularly of the interdental spaces. The free extremities of the bristle ends 9 are also rounded to prevent injury.

Figure 8 shows a bristle 4c where the bristle tips 9 differ in length. The entire array of bristles 4c of a finger toothbrush la, lb, lc, ld, le can thus be contoured to enhance the cleansing action. Furthermore, the bristle tips 9 are re-divided into fine end portions 11. An especially fine surface, with which the teeth can be cleaned especially throughly, is thus achieved.

Figure 9 shows a plan view looking onto the bristle side of a brush body 2, showing the apertures 5 from whose bordering edges 6 the holding elements 3 extend.

Also indicated are several sections 12 of the array of bristles 4, each with one or more bristles (not shown). By suitably distributing the bristles 4 on the brush body 2, a contour can be provided, for instance with long bristles 4 in the outer area, with which especially good cleansing action can be achieved.

In Figure 2 a peripheral rib 13 is provided which extends along the longitudinal sides of the bristle body 2 and bounds the array of bristles 4. The peripheral rib 13 prevents tooth powder sprinkled onto the bristles 4 from dropping off before the finger toothbrush 1b is introduced into the oral cavity. If necessary, the peripheral rib 13 could also be continued at the cross side of the brush body 2, so as 1 1 to produce a peripheral rib 13 extending around the brush body 2.

According to Figures 1, 4 and 5, slanting bristles 4 are provided in the area of the front and longitudinal sides of the finger toothbrush la, ld, le. Teeth can thereby be cleaned in a simpler and more thorough fashion.

Since the bristles 4 consist of elastic material, slanting bristles 4 can also be detached from the mould without any difficulty after the finger toothbrush la, id, le has been injection moulded.

is The finger toothbrushes la, lb, lc, id, le can be made in different sizes, e.g. larger ones for adults and smaller ones for children. Furthermore, finger toothbrushes la, lb, lc, ld, le can be made with bristles 4 of different hardness. The finger toothbrushes la, lb, lc, id, le can be fashioned in different colours to distinguish ones of different size and/or bristle hardness. In addition, it is conceivable to provide the brush body 2 with a number or similar marking for this purpose, for instance a projection or a depression.

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Claims

1. A finger toothbrush having a brush body which exhibits an fingersupporting side and at least one generally loop-like holding element for joining the finger toothbrush to a finger and bears bristles and/or bundles of bristles on the outer surface facing away from the fingersupporting side, characterized in that the brush body has at least one aperture therethrough and that a generally loop-like holding element engages with at least one of the opposed boundary edges of an aperture which extend along the finger toothbrush.

2. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that, on the one hand, the width of an aperture along the finger toothbrush, and, on the other hand, the width of the holding element associated to said aperture, are approximately,equal.

3. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the finger toothbrush consists of elastic material, particularly rubber or rubber-like plastic, polyethylene, polypropylene or similar plastic material usable in an injection moulding process.

4. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the holding element(s) are each of arcuate, closed configuration.

5. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of ii 1 1 1 1 25 - is claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least one of the holding elements has two arcuate holding arms which are preferably adapted to be spread apart against a restoring force, and whose free ends in particular face each other.

6. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the brush body is dished and the finger-supporting side thereof is generally adapted in shape to the contour of a finger and that, at least in the region of the end receiving the finger tip, the dished brush body is formed approximately up to or over the finger tip.

7. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the aperture(s) of the brush body continue into the laterally arched edge area.

8. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the wall thickness of the brush body is about 0.5mm to 3mm, preferably about imm.

9. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the bristles or bundles of bristles are approximately 3mm to 5mm long, preferably 4mm and that possibly bristles of different length are provided.

A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the individual bristles have a substantially round cross section and a diameter of about 0.05mm to 3 - 16 O.Smm, preferably 0.2mm.

11. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the bristles are of conical configuration, each tapering toward its free end, and that the free ends of the bristles are preferably rounded.

12. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that bristles are provided whose cleaning ends are divided into a plurality of bristle tips.

13. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that a peripheral rib generally bounding the array of bristles is provided and is of a height which is preferably about 0.5mm to about lmm.

14. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the brush body is provided with a plurality of holding elements, preferably two, at a spacing corresponding particularly to about the length of the second finger joint of an index finger.

15. A finger toothbrush substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.

i 11 Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows CLAIMS Z) is 1. A finger toothbrush having a brush body which exhibits a finger- supporting side for engaging one side of a finger of a user and at least one generally looplike holding element which extends from the finger supporting side of the brush body to at least substantially encircle the finger of the user for joining the finger toothbrush to the finger, wherein: the brush body bears bristles on an outer surface facing away from the finger-supporting side; the brush body has an aperture extending therethrough from the surface of the finger supporting side which in use faces the finger of the user to the outer surface which faces away from the fingersupporting side; the aDerture is defined in part by a pair of opposed boundary edges of the aperture which extend 20 lengthwise along the finger toothbrush; and orm.s an at least one of said boundary edges also end edge of a holding element.

2. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 1 which comprises a plurality of generally loop-like holding elements and wherein:

the brush body comprises a plurality of apertures extending therethrough from the surface of the finger supporting side which in use faces the finger ol - t_he user to the outer surface which faces away from the finger-supporting side, each aperture is defined in part by a respecr--ive pair of opposed boundary edges of the aperture which extend lengthwise along the finger toothbrush; each pair of opposed boundary edges also fo= end edges of one of the plurality of holding elements.

A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the width of each aperture along the finger toothbrush and the width of the holding element associated with the aperture are approximately 10 equal.

4. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the finger toothbrush consists of an elastic material.

is 5. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 4 characterised in that the finger toothbrush consiszs cf a rubber material.

6. A figure toothbrush as claimed in claim 4 characterised in that the finger toothbrush consists cf: a rubber-like material.

7. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim A= 25 characterised in that the finger toothbrush consists of polyethylene.

S. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 4 characcerised in that the finger toothbrush consists of 30 polMropylene.

9. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 4 characterised in that the finger toothbrush consists of a material which can be used in an injection moulding process.

i:

1 j

10. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 characterised in that at least one of the holding elements cormprises an arcuate, closed configuration arm.

11. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 characterised in that at least one of the holding elements has two arcuate holding arms whose free ends face each other.

12. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim l! where-'n the two arcuate holding arms are adapted to be spread 15 a-cart against a restoring force.

13. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of cla'Lms 1 to 12, characterised in that the surface of the f-ingersupporting side, of the brush body which faces the 20 finger of the user is dished.

14. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 13 wherein the finger supporting side of the brush body in a region of an end receiving a tip of the finger is formed approximately up to or over the finger tip.

15. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of c--"a-,ms 1 to 14, characterised in that each aperture in the brush body continues into a laterally arched edQe area 30 of the brush body.

i.6. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one o-f claims to 15, characterised in that the brus'n body has a wall thickness in the range of O.Smm to 3mm.

3 j_0

17. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 16 wherein the wall tIlickness of the brush body is 1.C mm.

18. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of clalms 1 to 17, characterised in that the bristles have a length in the range 3mm to 5mm.

19. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 18 which has bristles of different lengths.

20. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 18 wherein the bristles are 4mm long.

is

21. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 20, characterised in that at least some of the bristles each have a substantially round cross-section and a diameter in the range of 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm.

22. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 20 wherein the bristles each have a diameter of 0.2 mm.

23. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21, characterised in that at least some of the bristles have a bristle tip with a portion of conica con-figuration, each conical portion tapering toward a free end of the bristle tip.

24. A finger toothbrush as claimed in claim 23, wherein the bristle tips have free ends which are rounded.

1! 1

25. A f=ger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2,, characterised in that bristles are provided whilch are each divided into a plurality of bristle tips.

26. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 25.., whch has a peripheral rib generally bounding the array of bristles, the peripheral rib having a he-Ight which is in the range 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

27. A finger toothbrush as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 26, characterised in that the brush body is provided with a pair of holding elements, a first holding element closest in use to the end of the finger of the user and a second holding element spaced apa= p from the first holding element by a distance which locates the second holding element at least further from the end of the finger of the user than the second finger j 0 i nt..

28. A finger toothbrush substantially as hereinbeEcre described with reference to and as shown in the accompany.nc drawings.