GB2328227A - A t-shaped floor beam - Google Patents
A t-shaped floor beam Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2328227A GB2328227A GB9824386A GB9824386A GB2328227A GB 2328227 A GB2328227 A GB 2328227A GB 9824386 A GB9824386 A GB 9824386A GB 9824386 A GB9824386 A GB 9824386A GB 2328227 A GB2328227 A GB 2328227A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- floor
- arrangement
- floor beam
- head portion
- beams
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000272165 Charadriidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/20—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
- E02D27/14—Pile framings, i.e. piles assembled to form the substructure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Abstract
A floor beam (22) for use in supporting a floor assembly comprises a foot portion (24) and a head portion (26); the foot portion (24) being adapted to engage the ground and the head portion (26) being provided with a surface capable of supporting a floor assembly. The beam has a T-shaped profile wherein the head portion is wider than the foot portion, the downwardly depending limb tapering towards the foot portion. The beam may include reinforcement (30). A trapezoidal portion (60) provides additional stability.
Description
Improvements in or Relating to Flooring Arrangements
The present invention concerns improvements in or relating to structural beams, especially but not exclusively structural beams for use in creating a foundation assembly for a building structure.
Our co-pending European Patent Application 0528578A discloses a support structure for a building in which a pluralitv of support members, for example piles.
are placed in the ground and the gap between adJacent piles spanned by a prefabricated reinforced concrete structural beam on which the walls of the structure are built and the floor of the structure supported.
The floor structure described in our earlier
European Patent Application is fabricated from a plurality of flooring beans, the gaps been each or which are filled with flooring blocks, this assemble subsequentiv being covered by a screed which I 5 spread over the beam and block structure after assembly.
An alternative method of floor assembly which, in a number of instances, exhibits certain advantages, comprises casting a reinforced concrete floor in situ with the beams resting on the piles defining the periphery of the building structure and acting as shuttering for the floor slab. The slab can be of any convenient construction. It may be cast, for example on polystyrene blocks resting on the ground within the structure and can include, as desired, reinforcing elements, heating elements, service ducts etc.
It has been realised after detailed research and experimentation that a building structure is more efficient if the peripheral beams and floor structure act as a monolithic mass so that it is important that there i a good mechanical Interconnection between the beams and the floor slab.
Proposals have been put forward i n the past to achieve a good mechanical interconnection between the beams and the floor slab by providing that reinforcing steel within the beam proJects outwardly so that lt Is cast i n with the floor slab. Whereas this proposal Is mechanically and structurally sound lt gives rise to certain disadvantages, particularly during the manufacture and placement of the beams.
It is an obJect of the present invention to obviate or mitigate this and other disadvantages.
According to the present invention there is provided a flooring arrangement comprising first and second structural beams adapted to be arranged opposite each other, and first and second floor beams adapted to extend between said structural beams, each structural beam comprising an upstanding web and a flange at the base of the structural beam extending transversely of the web, wherein the first and second floor beams can be supported by said flanges, and each floor beam comprising and upwardly facing surface arranged below the top of the structural beams to support a floor assembly thereon, the floor assembly having an upper surface arranged no higher than the top of the structural beams.
Preferably, each floor beam has a substantlallv T-shaped profile having a head portion and a foot portion, the head portion having a width which 1S greater than the width of the foot portion. Preferablv the upwardly facing surface I 5 provided b a said head portion.
Holding means may be provided to hold the floor beam upright during construction of said flooring arrangement. Preferably the holding means comprises clip means adapted to engage the foot portion of said floor beam. Preferably the holding means comprise also a bridging member resiliently linking clip means arranged on either side of the floor beam.
Alternatively the holding means comprise a hooked portion for mounting on the upstanding web of the structural beam, a limb extending from said hooked portion alongside said web and carrying lugs spaced apart so that the end of a floor beam can be neatly accommodated therebetween to stabilise said floor beam during subsequent in situ construction of the flooring arrangement.
Further alternatively the holding means comprises an enlarged portion having a base co-planar with the base of the beam formed lntegraliv wlth the beam at at least one end thereof.
Preferably the enlarged portion is trapezoidal in its cross-section parallel to the transverse plane of the beam and has a top which i a co-planar with the top of the beam.
The floor arrangement may include a layer of insulating material arranged on the floor beams and supported on said upwardly facing surfaces. Preferably, the insulating material is a polymeric plastics material such as expanded polystyrene. The floor assembly may further include a concrete layer cast in situ on said insulating material. Reinforcing fibres may be included in the concrete mix. Alternatively, the concrete layer may be preformed before being disposed on said insulating material. The concrete layer may be provided with conduits, for example for central heating pipes, and said insulating material may be interrupted in the region of said conduits to provide for a continuation of the concrete about said conduit.
According to another aspect of this invention there is provided a floor beam for use in supporting a floor assembly the floor beam comprising a foot portion and a head portion, the foot portion being adapted to engage the ground and the head portion being provided with a surface capable of supporting a floor assemblv.
Preferably, the floor beam has a l-shaped profile wherein te head portion is is wider than the foot portion.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described bv way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 shows a cross-section through a prefabricated, steel reinforced, concrete beam forming a foundation for a building structure, the external wall of of the structure, and a floor within the structure;
Fig. 2 shows a view similar to Fig. 1 at an end of a beam of the floor;
Fig. 3 shows an end portion of a modified beam;
Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of the modified beam on the line III III of Fig. 3; and
Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of the end portion of the modified beam.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, a reinforced concrete beam. which is prefabrlcated in factory conditions, comprises an inverted T-section having an upstanding web 10 from the base of which proJect transversely webs 12 and 1 shlcn are. respectively, outermost and innermost in use, that I 5 the web 12 supports the outer skin 1 5 or a wall to be stilt on the beam while the Inner web li supports a cast in situ floor slab to be described In greater detail below. The Inner skin 11 of the wall 1, supported on top of tne wall 10. A beam of this general configuration is described in our co-pending European
Patent Application 9307097.3 (Publication No.
0528578A1). The beam described in our earlier
Application is intended for use with a floor slab which is assembled in situ. The present beam is intended for use with a floor slab which is cast in situ.
It is intended that when a beam has been placed on top of two spaced apart support members, for example piles or support piers 20 and further beams are placed in end-to-end relationship around the periphery of the building structure to be built, the ring of beam forms shuttering in which the floor slab can be cast in situ.
The floor slab includes a floor beam 22 extend from the flange 14 of a first T-beam, to the flange of a second T-beam arranged at the opposite side of the structure. The floor beams 22 are arranged parallel to each other. Thus, a plurality of floor beams 22 extend between the flanges 14 in mutually spaced parallel relationship. Each floor beam 22 comprises a foot portion 2 and a head portion. The foot portion 21 engages the flanges l at opposite end regions of the foot portion .
The head portion 2o comprises a substantially flat surface 28 upon which a floor assembly can be arranged and the precast concrete floor beam 22 includes appropriate re-inforcement 30.
The foot portion 2 converges downwardly from the head portion 26 which is wider than the foot portion by a factor of at least three. The head portion has the flat upper face 28 described above and converges downwardly to merge with the foot portion with the head portion occupying about one third of the overall height of the beam. The floor beam is symmetical about its central longitudinal mid-plane.
Sheets 32 of a foamed polystyrene material is laid upon the floor beams 22. A concrete screed 34 which may include rim forcing fibres is then cast in situ onto the sheets 32 of the polystyrene material. Alternatively, the top layer 3 can be preformed before laying upon the sheets 32 of polystyrene material. Service ducts are provided ln the floor slab, for example, a conduit 3 6 which can receive, for example, central heating piping Is formed bv removing parts of the sheet 32, or reducing its thickness and casting the screed in such a way that the conduit is formed. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the floor slab 3 is continuous around the conduit 3 as at the bridging portion 38. As can be be seen from Fig. 3 the layer 11 of the polystyrene material is provided on either side of the bridging portion 128. When constructed. the floor assembly lies wholly within the depth of the T-beams.
The height of the floor beams is less than the depth of the webs 10 of the T-beam so that the floor assembly of floor beams, polystyrene material and concrete does not extend above the top of the T-beams.
In order to construct the floor shown in Fig. 1 the T-beams are initially arranged on the piles 20 and the floor beams 22 are arranged on the flanges 14. In order to prevent the floor beams 22 tipping over when they are first placed, holding means 40 are provided.
The holding means 40 shown in Fig.1 comprise a pair of clips 42 resiliently fixed to a bridge portion 44 and adapted to engage the foot of the floor beams 22 resting on the flanges 14.
In the modification shown in Fig. 2, temporary means are provides for holding the floor beams in position. These means can normally be removed when the sheets 24 are positioned as the frictional forces between the beam top surfaces 28 and the sheets holds the beams against toppling over. To assist ass;st adhesive can be applied to the surfaces 28 prior to placing the sheets 32.
The temporarv means are formed from sheet steel and comprise a hooked portion 50 with a lifting handle 52, the portion 50 being so dimensioned that it can be hooked over the top of the web 10 of the T-beam with a limb 54 extending down the side of the web to a point below the top of the floor beam lugs 56 project from the limbs, the lugs being spaced apart by a distance just greater than the width of the head portion 26 of the beam and extending away from the web 10 so that they define a channel into which the end of the floor beam can be accommodated to prevent it from toppling over.
Means of this type are fitted at each end of the floor beam.
Figs. 3,4 and 5 show a modified beam 22' where the means for holding the beam against toppling over while it is being installed are formed integrally with the beam during the precasting operation. The modified beam 22' takes the form of the beam 22 illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 but has an enlarged tapezoldal portion 60 formed at its end, the portion having a base 62 which is sufficiently wide to provide stability for the beam and is co-planar with the base of the foot portion 24' of the beam. The portion 60 has a top 64 which is co-planar with the top of the head portion 26 of the beam.
It will be appreciated that the trapezoidal portion 60 at the end of the beam is sufficiently stable to hold the beam 22 ' against toppling from its in use position such that holding means 40 or temporary means 50 are not required.
The enlarged trapezoidal portion 60 can be provided at one or both ends of the beam.
Various other modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (23)
1. A floor beam for use in supporting a floor assembly, the floor beam comprising a foot portion and a head portion, the foot portion being adapted to engage the ground and the head portion being provided with a surface capable of supporting a floor assembly.
2. A floor beam as claimed in claim 1, in which the floor beam has a Tshaped profile wherein the head portion is wider than the foot portion.
3. A floor beam as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, in which the foot portion and head portion converge downwardly with the head portion converging at a greater rate.
4. A floor beam as claimed in any preceding claim, manufactured from concrete and including re-inforcement.
5. A flooring arrangement comprising first and second structural beams adapted to be arranged opposite each other, and first and second floor beams adapted to extend between said structural beams, each structural beam comprising an upstanding web and a flange at the base of the structural beam extending transversely of the web, wherein the first and second floor beams can be supported by said flanges, and each floor beam comprising an upwardly facing surface arranged below the top of the structural beams to support a floor assembly supported thereon, the floor assembly having an upper surface arranged no higher than the top of the structural beams.
6. An arrangement as claimed in claim 5, in which each floor beam has a substantially T-shaped profile having a head portion and a foot portion, the head portion having a width which is greater than the width of the foot portion.
7. An arrangement as claimed in claim 6, in which the upwardly facing surface is provided by said head portion.
8. An arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 7, in which holding means are provided to hold the floor beam upright during construction of said flooring arrangement.
9. An arrangement as claimed in claim 8, in which the holding means comprises clip means adapted to engage the foot portion of said floor beam.
10. An arrangement as claimed in claim 9, in which the holding means comprise also a bridging member resiliently linking clip means arranged on either side of the floor beam.
11. An arrangement as claimed in any of claims 5 to 8, in which the holding means comprise a hooked portion for mounting on the upstanding web of the structural beam, a limb extending from said hooked portion alongside said web and carrying lugs spaced apart so that the end of a floor beam can be neatly accommodated therebetween to stabilise said floor beam during subsequent in situ construction of the flooring arrangement.
12. An arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, in which the holding means comprises an enlarged portion having a base co-planar with the base of the beam formed integrally with the beam at at least one end thereof.
13. An arrangement as claimed in claim 12, in which the enlarged portion is trapezoidal in its cross-section parallel to the transverse plane of the beam.
14. An arrangement as claimed in claim 12 or claim 13, in which the enlarged section has a top which is co-planar with the top of the beam.
15. An arrangement as claimed in any of claims 5 to 14, in which, the floor arrangement includes a layer of insulating material arranged on the floor beams and supported on said upwardly facing surfaces.
16. An arrangement as claimed in claim 15, in which the insulating material is a polymeric plastics material such as expanded polystyrene.
17. An arrangement as claimed in claim 15 or claim 16, including a concrete layer cast in situ on said insulating material.
18. An arrangement as claimed in claim 17, in which reinforcing fibres are included in the concrete mix.
19. An arrangement as claimed in claim 15, in which the concrete layer is preformed before being disposed on said insulating material.
20. An arrangement as claimed in any of claims 17 to 19, in which the concrete layer is provided with conduits, for example, for central heating pipes, and said insulating material is interrupted in the region of said conduits to provide for a continuation of the concrete about said conduit.
21. A flooring arrangement substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 or Figs. 3 to 5.
22. A floor beam substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 or Figs. 3 to 5.
23. Any novel subject matter or combination including novel subject matter disclosed herein, whether or not within the scope of or relating to the same invention as any of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9824386A GB2328227A (en) | 1994-11-19 | 1995-11-17 | A t-shaped floor beam |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9423399A GB9423399D0 (en) | 1994-11-19 | 1994-11-19 | Improvements in or relating to structural beams |
| GB9523521A GB2295169B (en) | 1994-11-19 | 1995-11-17 | Improvements in or relating to flooring arrangements |
| GB9824386A GB2328227A (en) | 1994-11-19 | 1995-11-17 | A t-shaped floor beam |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9824386D0 GB9824386D0 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
| GB2328227A true GB2328227A (en) | 1999-02-17 |
Family
ID=26306017
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9824386A Withdrawn GB2328227A (en) | 1994-11-19 | 1995-11-17 | A t-shaped floor beam |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2328227A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1455022A2 (en) | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-08 | Roxbury Limited | Forming building foundations |
| GB2434809A (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-08 | Marlows Timber Engineering Ltd | Joist end adapter |
| CN100390033C (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2008-05-28 | 中国国际海运集装箱(集团)股份有限公司 | Container using T shaped bottom crossbeam |
| EP1840274A3 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2008-12-24 | Roxbury Limited | Foundation |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB394505A (en) * | 1932-08-09 | 1933-06-29 | Leonard Miller Fairclough | Improvements in concrete flooring |
| GB538314A (en) * | 1940-01-27 | 1941-07-29 | William Henry James Shoebottom | Improvements relating to reinforced concrete construction |
| GB570587A (en) * | 1943-06-02 | 1945-07-13 | Edward Jones | Improvements in or relating to reinforced concrete floors |
| GB574496A (en) * | 1944-02-03 | 1946-01-08 | Thomas John Bray | Improvements relating to the construction of concrete buildings, walls, floors and the like |
| GB829283A (en) * | 1955-04-12 | 1960-03-02 | Stuart S Granolithic Company L | Improvements in or relating to pre-fabricated concrete flooring units and assemblies |
| GB1124908A (en) * | 1966-07-22 | 1968-08-21 | Gustav Hjalmar Paulsson | Slot flooring for stables |
| GB1510262A (en) * | 1976-11-01 | 1978-05-10 | Cavicrete & Shuttercrete Ltd | Concrete floors and multiple moulds for production in mass of concrete joists therefor |
| GB1549057A (en) * | 1976-04-06 | 1979-08-01 | Schreck P | Prestressed concrete carriageway and apparatus for constructing it |
| GB2246582A (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1992-02-05 | Scottish Agricultural College | Apparatus and method relating to flooring |
| EP0528578A1 (en) * | 1991-08-10 | 1993-02-24 | Roxbury Limited | Improvements in or relating to supports for building structures |
-
1995
- 1995-11-17 GB GB9824386A patent/GB2328227A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB394505A (en) * | 1932-08-09 | 1933-06-29 | Leonard Miller Fairclough | Improvements in concrete flooring |
| GB538314A (en) * | 1940-01-27 | 1941-07-29 | William Henry James Shoebottom | Improvements relating to reinforced concrete construction |
| GB570587A (en) * | 1943-06-02 | 1945-07-13 | Edward Jones | Improvements in or relating to reinforced concrete floors |
| GB574496A (en) * | 1944-02-03 | 1946-01-08 | Thomas John Bray | Improvements relating to the construction of concrete buildings, walls, floors and the like |
| GB829283A (en) * | 1955-04-12 | 1960-03-02 | Stuart S Granolithic Company L | Improvements in or relating to pre-fabricated concrete flooring units and assemblies |
| GB1124908A (en) * | 1966-07-22 | 1968-08-21 | Gustav Hjalmar Paulsson | Slot flooring for stables |
| GB1549057A (en) * | 1976-04-06 | 1979-08-01 | Schreck P | Prestressed concrete carriageway and apparatus for constructing it |
| GB1510262A (en) * | 1976-11-01 | 1978-05-10 | Cavicrete & Shuttercrete Ltd | Concrete floors and multiple moulds for production in mass of concrete joists therefor |
| GB2246582A (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1992-02-05 | Scottish Agricultural College | Apparatus and method relating to flooring |
| EP0528578A1 (en) * | 1991-08-10 | 1993-02-24 | Roxbury Limited | Improvements in or relating to supports for building structures |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1455022A2 (en) | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-08 | Roxbury Limited | Forming building foundations |
| EP1455022A3 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2006-03-15 | Roxbury Limited | Forming building foundations |
| CN100390033C (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2008-05-28 | 中国国际海运集装箱(集团)股份有限公司 | Container using T shaped bottom crossbeam |
| GB2434809A (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-08 | Marlows Timber Engineering Ltd | Joist end adapter |
| GB2434808A (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-08 | Marlows Timber Engineering Ltd | Joist with trapezoidal cross-section |
| GB2434809B (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2008-02-27 | Marlows Timber Engineering Ltd | Improvements in and relating to joists and floor panels containing same |
| GB2434808B (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2008-03-12 | Marlows Timber Engineering Ltd | Improvements in and relating to joists and floor panels containing same |
| EP1840274A3 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2008-12-24 | Roxbury Limited | Foundation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9824386D0 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| RU2418917C2 (en) | Structural elements and methods of their application | |
| US4682458A (en) | Dry laid floors | |
| GB2295169A (en) | Flooring arrangement | |
| AU2006254011A1 (en) | Floor construction method and system | |
| US4809474A (en) | Prestressed composite floor slab and method of making the same | |
| CA2491194A1 (en) | Floor system with steel joists having openings with edge reinforcements and method | |
| EP0880627B1 (en) | Floor and ceiling structures | |
| US6098359A (en) | Method of constructing a suspended floor | |
| AU2002256575B2 (en) | A structural formwork member | |
| GB2286612A (en) | Concrete structural beam with keying irregularities | |
| US2844024A (en) | Combination preformed and cast-in-situ reinforced flooring structure | |
| GB2328227A (en) | A t-shaped floor beam | |
| EP0345823B1 (en) | Screed rails | |
| KR101048106B1 (en) | Building Deck Panel | |
| JP3832651B2 (en) | Corrugated steel web bridge construction method | |
| WO1989000223A1 (en) | Shear connectors | |
| CN109594700B (en) | U-shaped steel composite beam member with shearing resistant piece | |
| RU2109896C1 (en) | Method for erection of sectional-monolithic covering in non-removable shuttering | |
| KR930003436B1 (en) | Assembly bridge structure | |
| KR19980058502U (en) | Half PC Concrete Slab Panel | |
| KR100389535B1 (en) | subway open cut structure water proofing method and panel thereby | |
| AU782222B2 (en) | Improved structural decking | |
| US3855375A (en) | Floor building system | |
| CA1202502A (en) | Arrangement for laying concrete floor | |
| EP0139798A1 (en) | Dry-laid floors |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |