GB231808A - Manufacture of artificial materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Oxy-alkyl and hydroxy-alkyl cellulose ethers such as are produced by treating cellulose with a monohalohydrin as described in Specification 231,807, are used in the manufacture of coatings, finishes, sizes, artificial leather, cements, thickening-agents for pigments in textile printing, plastic compositions, films and artificial threads. The cellulose ethers are used in alkali solution, and they may be mixed with other colloids and also with softening-agents such as hydrated cellulose or hydrocellulose soluble in alkalies, viscose, albuminous substances, proteins, gelatine, amyloid, starch and the like, dextrin, gums, pectins, tragasol, resins and resinous condensation products soluble in alkalies, shellac, glycerine, di-glycerine, poly-glycerine, glycols, sugars, syrups, soaps, fats, and ammonium or alkali-metal derivatives of fatty sulphonic acids such as turkey-red oil. The article or product is fixed by treating it with a precipitating-agent, optionally after partial or complete drying. According to the examples, films are manufactured by treating a layer of a solution in aqueous alkali of 1 : 2-dihydroxypropyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose, with a precipitating bath of sulphuric acid, acetic acid, ammonium chloride, tannin, formaldehyde, or of sulphuric acid, a salt and an organic substance such as sugar, and after washing and drying, treating the film with aqueous glycerine in order to increase its flexibility; artificial threads are made by squirting the solutions used in the first example and to which viscose may be added, into the precipitating-baths used in that example, the thread, after washing and drying, being hardened by treatment with formaldehyde etc.; fabrics are dressed by treatment with the solutions used in the first example and to which may be added a filling-material or a softening-agent or a solution of starch, the dressed fabric being dried and, if desired, steamed, and then treated with the precipitating-bath, and finally washed and dried; for the printing of fabrics, the solutions used in the first example are mixed with mica, lampblack or zinc white, and are then printed on the material, the printed fabric being subsequently treated with the precipitating-bath; book cloth is made by applying to a porous fabric such as calico, one or more coatings of the solutions used in the first example and to which may be added zinc white, china clay, finely-divided cellulose fibres, soot, a lake, mica, a dyestuff, or castor oil, the fabric being dried after each coating, and finally treated with the precipitating-bath. Specifications 177,811, 203,346, and 203,347 also are referred to.