GB2310236A - Preparing a screed base to receive paving stones - Google Patents
Preparing a screed base to receive paving stones Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2310236A GB2310236A GB9603164A GB9603164A GB2310236A GB 2310236 A GB2310236 A GB 2310236A GB 9603164 A GB9603164 A GB 9603164A GB 9603164 A GB9603164 A GB 9603164A GB 2310236 A GB2310236 A GB 2310236A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- face
- guide
- protruding
- faces
- screed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/12—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials
- E01C19/15—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials for laying-down uncoated stone or similar materials, or for striking-off or spreading same without compacting, e.g. for crushed rock base courses, sand cushions for paving
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Machines (AREA)
Description
APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING A SCREED BASE
TO RECEIVE PAVING STONES
The present invention relates to an apparatus and process for preparing a screed base to receive paving stones, in particular for preparing a level screed base of a desired elevation to receive paving stones in improved manner. The laying of paving stones is a long established and somewhat laborious practice requiring considerable experience and skill to obtain a regular and high quality finish. As with laying all floor surfaces, the skill required is particularly in the preparation of the surface on which the stones will be laid.
Paving stones are typically laid on a base of screed, which is the term used in the art for mixtures of cement, sand and water. Until now the skilled man has had to rely on his judgment in determining the amount of screed required on which to base each stone and the elevation at which to level it off in order to receive the paving stone at the desired height once securely tapped into position to create a continuous surface over all paving stones laid. Even the most skilled in the art commonly have to relay a stone, adjusting by addition or removal of extra screed, to achieve the desired elevation of screed surface and therefore of paving stone height. As a result the laying of paving stones is a time consuming business. Moreover even the most skilled in the art will encounter extreme difficulty in obtaining a high quality surface when laying more extensive expanses of paving stone.This will demand even greater precision and be even more time consuming.
Devices are known in the building art, for achieving level or straight surfaces.
In particular a device known as a screed which comprises a strip of wood, plaster or metal may be placed on a surface to act as a guide to the thickness of cement or plaster coat to be applied. Such devices have not found common application in the practice of laying paving stones which would imply that such screeds have not been found to contribute in any way to the accuracy or efficiency of laying stones.
Accordingly there would seem to be a great need for an apparatus to assist in the laying of paving stones in improved manner providing superior efficiency and quality of end finish.
There is provided according to the present invention an apparatus for preparing a screed base to receive paving stones comprising an elongate body having a first elongate guide face and a second elongate protruding face wherein the guide face and the protruding face have a difference in face relative elevation which is substantially similar to the thickness of a paving stone which it is desired to lay. Suitably the guide face and the protruding face are in adjacent location. There may be different arrangements of guide face and protruding face according to the nature of paving work for which it is intended to use the apparatus. For example, the apparatus may comprise one or more guide faces in combination with one or more protruding faces located in adjacent or alternate arrangement.Preferably the apparatus comprises one or two guide faces located at one or both ends of the body in combination with one protruding face located adjacent or between the respective one or both guide faces. Alternatively the apparatus may preferably comprise one or two protruding faces located at one or both ends of the body in combination with a guide face located adjacent or between the respective one or both protruding faces. Preferably adjacent guide and protruding faces are continuous with an intermediate co-perpendicular face which serves as an additional guide to accommodate the corner or side of the guide surface in operation.
It has surprisingly been found that the apparatus of the present invention may be simply and reliably employed to prepare a level screed base of the desired elevation to receive a paving stone by means of the elongated protruding face when located in contact with the screed base and of the elongate guide face when located in contact with an existing guide surface at the elevation of the desired paving stone surface, for example a previously laid paving stone.
Moreover the apparatus of the present invention enables significant improvement in the efficiency and speed of laying paving stones by virtue of the mechanisation of the processes of assessing the volume of screed required and levelling the screed base, which processes when manually performed are the most time consuming and the most subject to error.
Reference herein to paving stones is made to any form of stone or tile which is laid in a repeating manner to give a uniform floor surface or pavement.
Such stones typically include any paving or flag stones or tiles made of stone slab, concrete or other composite. Reference herein to screed is made to any mixture which is commonly employed to prepare a surface for the laying of paving stones and to secure the paving stones once laid, which mixture usually comprises cement, sand and water or other such materials.
The apparatus of the invention is suitably adapted to be held at any convenient point on the elongate body, other than on the guide or protruding faces, when in operation. Preferably the apparatus is adapted to be held in the region of one or both guide faces. Most preferably the apparatus comprises handle means which are integral with the body in the region of one or both guide faces. By this means it is possible to maintain the guide face(s) securely in contact with the guide surface(s) during operation whereby greater accuracy may be achieved.
The apparatus of the present invention is adapted for use in the laying of any shape or form of paving stone. In a preferred aspect of the invention the apparatus comprises a protruding face and a guiding face of adjustable relative elevation difference. For example the protruding face(s) may be adjustably mounted on the body of the apparatus of which the guide face(s) is/are an integral part. Alternatively the guide face(s) may be adjustably mounted on the body of the apparatus of which the protruding face(s) is/are an integral part. By this means adjustment of the face in question may be made in order to select an appropriate elevation difference of the two types of face. It will be apparent that by this means the apparatus of the invention is of particular advantage in the laying of paving stones of any desired thickness, by means of simple adjustment thereof.
Adjustable mounting may comprise any known convenient form. However in view of the fact that an adjustment once made should be adequate for performing the whole job in hand i.e. paving a smaller or larger expanse of ground, the simpler the mechanism for adjusting the apparatus face elevations the more effective will be the apparatus. For example the adjustably mounted face is typically non integral with the body and mounted thereon by means of hand secured bolts such as wing nuts and bolts which may be located in an elongate slot perpendicular to the face such that the bolt is made fast at any position along the slot. The slot may conveniently be calibrated for ease of adjustment indicating the location at which the wing nut should be fastened to give a desired difference of elevation of faces which would correspond to the thickness of a particular paving stone which it is desired to lay. Such calibrations may be associated with notching or recess seating for the wing nut which will enable improved security of fastening without excess tightening of wing nuts.
Alternatively, a more elaborate but most convenient mechanism, resembling a typical parallel rule mechanism may comprise an adjustably mounted face non integral with the body and mounted thereon by means of two cross supports, one end of each rotationally mounted on one of the body and the non integral guide face, and the other end of each slideably mounted in a slot or groove parallel to the guide face, on the other of the body and the non integral guide face.
The body of the apparatus of the invention may be made of any appropriate material, but is suitably made of a material which is resistant to abrasion and may be easily moulded and assembled. Such a material is suitably also selected for its weight whereby the apparatus is of sufficient weight to contribute to stability of operation but is not unduly heavy in manual operation. The apparatus made be made of one material or a combination of materials, for example the body may be made of a lower abrasion but more easily moulded and assembled material in combination with face panels made of a more abrasion resistant material which may also be of sufficient weight.
Preferably the apparatus is made of steel or a combination of steel with another suitable material for the body.
The apparatus may be of any desired dimensions. For operation with predominantly a paving stone of a standard surface area it is convenient to employ an apparatus having a protruding surface equal to the length or width dimension of the paving stone standard in question, in combination with a guide surface of the same or slightly less length. The width of the guide and protruding surfaces should be sufficient to ensure that the apparatus may be held upright with the guide and protruding faces substantially coplanar with the guide surface and the desired screed surface. Suitable width may be selected according to the size of stones being laid and/or the size and weight of the apparatus.The height of the apparatus body should be sufficient to enable secure operation of the apparatus, bearing in mind any handle means which may be incorporated, to ensure clearance of the operators hands from the guide surface and the screed surface. Suitably the protruding face and the guide face are of the order of 20-100 cm in length, for example the protruding face is typically of the order of 50-70 cm in length and the guide face is typically of the order of 40-60 cm in length. The width of the faces is suitably of the order of 0.1-1.5 cm, for example 0.4-1.2 cm. The height of the body of the apparatus excluding handle means is suitably of the order of 5-15 cm, for example 8-12 cm.
An apparatus of the invention which comprises two guide faces, one at either end of the body, with a single protruding face therebetween may be of particular application for preparing a large expanse of screed surface adapted to receive a plurality of rows or paving stones, i.e. for the technique of "block-paving". Such an apparatus may typically be of significantly greater dimensions than mentioned hereinbefore. Suitably the apparatus may have a protruding face of length and width twice to ten times that mentioned hereinbefore, should it be desired to lay two to ten rows of paving stones in each block. The width of the protruding face should be sufficient to avoid warping or bending, alternatively the body of the apparatus is reinforced for this purpose.Such provision for block paving may suitably be obtained with an apparatus according to the present invention comprising two protruding faces, one located at each end of the body, in combination with a single guide face located in the central portion of the body.
For operation with a large range of paving stones of varying dimensions for each job in hand it may be desirable to employ an apparatus according to the present invention comprising protruding faces of adjustable length. By this means the apparatus may be set to the desired surface area of the paving stone to be laid prior to commencing a given job. Any suitable means may be employed to achieve adjustment of the length of a protruding face, however bearing in mind the fact that paving stones will normally be laid having a similar cross sectional area for a single job, the simpler the means of adjustment the better.For example the apparatus may comprise a series of panels making up the entire body in particular making up the portion of the body integral with the protruding face, which panels are adapted to slide across each other in elongate direction thereby enabling the face to be lengthened or shortened as appropriate. Suitably the panels are adjusted and secured as above described with reference to the adjustable elevation difference, however in this case employing wing nuts and bolts or equivalent and elongate slots which are parallel with the protruding face, or a parallelrule mechanism slideably mounted in elongate slots which are perpendicular to the protruding face.
The body of the apparatus may be linear or non-linear for example it may be angular or curved in elongate direction. The body may also be of greater width than the corresponding guide or protruding face for improved strength or warp-resistance. Preferably the body is profiled, whereby a trapezoidal cross-section or a cross-sectional width decreasing in direction away from the faces provides lower resistance and less dragging of the screed surface with corresponding greater accuracy of operation. Preferably the body is linear in elongate direction.
The apparatus of the invention may comprise multiple parallel guide and/or protruding faces. Parallel guide faces may be of particular advantage for stability. Parallel protruding faces may be of advantage for a smoother finish, provided by a "following" face, or for improved levelling of the edges of the screed surface where the faces are in adjacent staggered arrangement, one leading and one following the guide face.
In a further aspect of the invention there is provided a process for preparing a screed base to receive paving stones using the apparatus as hereinbefore described comprising locating a guide face as hereinbefore defined on a guide surface, locating a protruding face as hereinbefore defined in contact with the screed base, drawing the guide face along the guide surface whereby the protruding face is drawn across the screed base at a desired elevation.
Suitably in the process as hereinbefore defined a guide surface comprises a previously laid paving stone or row of paving stones.
The apparatus will now be described with reference to the figures in nonlimiting manner.
Figure 1 is an elevation view of the apparatus of the invention comprising adjustably mounted protruding face.
Figure 2 is an elevation view of the apparatus of figure 1 in use.
Figure 3 is an elevation view of the apparatus of the invention adapted for use in block paving.
In figures 1 to 3 reference numerals are consistently employed to refer to similar parts.
In figure 1 elongate body (1) is shown having adjustably mounted non integral elongate body part (2) of which the remote face comprises protruding face (3). Elongate body part (2) is adjusted and secured to elongate body (1) by means of bolt and wing nut fastenings projecting through body (1) and an elongate slot in body part (2) perpendicular to the protruding face (3) thereof.
Figure 1 illustrates thus the apparatus of the present invention comprising a single protruding face (3) adjustably supported on elongate body (1) such that guide face (4) is created as the remote face of the elongate body (1) for the portion thereof not associated with the adjustably mounted elongate body part (2). Handle means (5) is provided integral with elongate body part (1) as a projection thereof in the region of and opposite to the guide face (4). The apparatus of figure 1 may be constructed from any material but is suitably constructed of a wood or steel portion (l) in association with a steel portion (2). For this simple embodiment, the steel portion (2) may be a sheet of steel of 1-8 mm width.
It will be apparent as illustrated in figure 2 that the apparatus is employed as hereinbefore defined by means of locating the guide face (4) in contact with a guide surface, for example a previously laid paving stone, along a length or width dimension thereof such that the remainder of the apparatus comprising the projecting face (3) extends along the length or width of the adjacent area in which it is intended to lay the next paving stone. Sufficient screed or sand has been distributed into the vacant position in which the paving stone is to be laid thereby creating a screed base with which the projecting face (3) is in contact during operation. The intermediate face coperpendicular with faces (3) and (4) will be in contact with the side of the previously laid paving stone or other object which serves as guiding surface.
The operator then draws the apparatus along one length dimension of the existing previously laid paving stone thereby drawing the projecting face (3) along the full extent of the screed base. By keeping the guide face (4) firmly in contact with the guide surface, the elongate body portion (2) remains perpendicular to and projects below the plane of the existing previously laid paving stone or guide surface such that the projecting face (3) is drawn across the screed base in levelling and elevation regulating manner, resulting in the desired difference in relative elevation of the guide surface and the screed base. The screed base is then ready to receive a paving stone which may be tapped into position. The process may then be repeated for the following paving stones.
In figure 3 is illustrated an apparatus of the invention comprising elongate body (1) having thereon mounted in length wise adjustable manner, elongate body part (2) of which the remote face comprises projecting face (3). Guide face (4) is provided by further non integral part (6) adjustably mounted on elongate body part (1) in similar manner as hereinbefore defined for projecting face mounting in figure 1. By means of adjustable mounting through elongate slots (7) arranged perpendicularly to guide face (4), a desired difference in relative elevation of faces (3) and (4) may be obtained.
A similar arrangement may be employed at the remote end of elongate body part (1) thereby providing two guide faces (4) in combination with a single projecting face (3) therebetween.
The apparatus of figure 3 is adapted for operation with greater accuracy, which may be of particular application when attempting to prepare screed bases of greater cross sectional area for laying more than one row of paving stones at a time or for laying paving stones of relatively large cross sectional area. Non integral body part (2) comprises at its upper face opposite to the remote face (3), a right angled lip (7) which is adapted to ensure a more secure fastening of the body part to elongate body part (1).
The operation of the apparatus of figures 1 and 3 has resulted in significant improvement in efficiency and accuracy of laying paving stones in most simple manner and without requiring any adaptation of screed mixtures or paving stones to be laid.
Claims (31)
1. An apparatus for preparing a screed base to receive paving stones comprising an elongate body having a first elongate guide face and a second elongate protruding face wherein the guide face and the protruding face have a difference in face relative elevation which is substantially similar to a thickness of a paving stone which it is desired to lay.
2. An apparatus according to Claim 1 wherein said guide face and protruding face are in adjacent location.
3. An apparatus according to Claims 1 and 2 which comprises a plurality of guide faces and a plurality of protruding faces located in adjacent or alternative arrangement.
4. An apparatus according to any proceeding claim wherein the apparatus comprises one or two guide faces located at one or both ends of said body in combination with one protruding face located adjacent or between the respective one or both guide faces.
5. An apparatus according to Claims l to 3 wherein the apparatus comprises one or two protruding faces located at one or both ends of said body in combination with a guide face located adjacent or between the respective one or both protruding faces.
6. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein adjacent guide and protruding faces are continuous.
7. An apparatus according to any preceding claim further comprising an intermediate co-perpendicular face which serves as an additional guide to accommodate a corner or side of a guide surface in operation.
8. An apparatus according to any preceding claim comprising a protruding face and a guide face of adjustable relative elevation difference.
9. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein the protruding face(s) is/are adjustably mounted on the body of the apparatus of which the guide face(s) is/are an integral part.
10. An apparatus according to Claims 1 to 8 wherein the guide face(s) is/are adjustably mounted on the body of the apparatus of which the protruding face(s) is/are an integral part.
11 An apparatus according to Claims 9 or 10 wherein said adjustable mounting is non-integral with the body and mounted thereon by means of hand secured bolts such as wing nuts and bolts.
12. An apparatus according to Claim 11 wherein said adjustable mounting is located in an elongate slot perpendicular to a face such that the bolt is made fast at any position along the slot.
13. An apparatus according to Claim 12 wherein said slot is conveniently calibrated for ease of adjustment indicating the location at which a wing nut should be fastened to give a desired difference of elevation of faces which would correspond to a thickness of a particular paving stone which it is desired to lay.
14. An apparatus to Claim 13 wherein said calibration is associated with notching or recess seating for the wing-nut.
15. An apparatus according to Claims 9 or 10 comprising an adjustably mounted face non-integral with the body and mounted thereon by means of two cross supports, one end of each rotationally mounted on one of the body and the non-integral guide face, and the other end of each slidably mounted in a slot or groove parallel to the guide face, on the other of the body and the non-integral guide face.
16. An apparatus according to preceding claim wherein the body of the apparatus is constructed of suitable material(s) which is/are resistant to abrasion and may be easily moulded and assembled and of sufficient weight to contribute to stability of operation but is not unduly heavy in manual operation.
17. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein dimensions of a protruding surface is equal to the length or width dimension of a paving stone standard in question, in combination with a guide surface of same or slightly less length, furthermore the width of the guide and protruding surfaces should be sufficient to ensure that the apparatus may be held upright with the guide and protruding faces substantially co-planar with the guide surface and a desired screed surface and even furthermore height of the apparatus body should be sufficient to enable secure operation of the apparatus, bearing in mind any handle means which may be incorporated, to ensure clearance of the operators hands from the guide surface and the screed surface.
18. An apparatus according to Claim 17 wherein protruding face and guide face length are in the order of 20 to 100 cm in length.
19. An apparatus according to Claim 17 wherein protruding face length are in order of 50 to 70 cm.
20. An apparatus according to Claim 17 wherein guide face length is in order of 40 to 60 cm.
21. An apparatus according to Claims 17 to 20 wherein width of guide and protruding faces are in the order of 0.1 to 1.5 cm and more specifically 0.4 to 1.2 cm.
22. An apparatus according to Claims 17 to 21 wherein the height of body of the apparatus excluding a handle means is in order S to 15 cm and more specifically 8 to 12 cm.
23. An apparatus according to Claims 1 to 17 comprising two guide faces, one at either end of the body, with a single protruding face there between of significantly greater dimensions, in the order of two to ten times those claimed in Claims 18 to 22, so as to lay two to ten rows of paving stones in each block.
24. An apparatus according to Claim 23 comprising two protruding faces, one located at each end of the body, in combination with a single guide face located in a central position of the body.
25. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein protruding face are of adjustable length by any suitable means.
26. An apparatus according to any preceding Claim wherein said body of the apparatus may be linear or angular or curved in elongate direction and further more maybe a greater width than the corresponding guide or protruding face.
27. An apparatus according to Claim 26 wherein said body is profiled whereby a trapezoidal cross-section or cross-sectional width decreasing in direction away from the faces provides lower resistance and less dragging of a screed surface and corresponding greater accuracy of operation.
28. An apparatus according to Claim 1 comprising multiple parallel guide and/or protruding faces where the faces are in adjacent staggered arrangement, one leading and one following the guide face.
29. A process for preparing a screed base to receive paving stones using an apparatus according to any preceding claim comprising:
i) locating a guide face on a guide surface and,
ii) locating a protruding face in contact with a screed face and,
iii) drawing, the guide face along the guide surface whereby the
protruding face is drawn across the screed base at a desired
elevation.
Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows 1. An apparatus for preparing a screed base to receive paving stones comprising an elongate body having a first elongate guide face and a second elongate protruding face wherein the guide face and the protruding face have a difference in face relative elevation which is substantially similar to a thickness of a paving stone which it is desired to lay and wherein the protruding face is of adjustable length.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1 which comprises a series of panels making up the portion of the body integral with the protruding face, which panels are adapted to slide across each other in elongate direction thereby enabling the face to be shortened or lengthened as appropriate.
3. Apparatus according to any of Claims 1 and 2 wherein panels are adjusted and secured employing wing nuts and bolts or equivalent and elongate slots which are parallel with the protruding face.
4. Apparatus according to any of Claims 1 and 2 wherein panels are
n adjusted and secured employing a parallel rule mechanism slideably mounted in elongate slots which are perpendicular to the protruding face.
5. Apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein the guide face is of adjustable length.
6. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein said guide face and protruding face are in adjacent location.
7. An apparatus according to any preceding claim which comprises a plurality of guide faces and a plurality of protruding faces located in adjacent or alternative arrangement.
8. An apparatus according to any proceeding claim wherein the apparatus comprises one or two guide faces located at one or both ends of said body in combination with one protruding face located adjacent or between the respective one or both guide faces.
9. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 1 to 7 wherein the apparatus comprises one or two protruding faces located at one or both ends of said body in combination with a guide face located adjacent or between the respective one or both protruding faces.
10. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein adjacent guide and protruding faces are continuous.
11. An apparatus according to any preceding claim further comprising an intermediate co-perpendicular face which serves as an additional guide to
e accommodate a corner or side of a guide surface in operation.
12. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein the protruding face(s) is/are adjustably mounted on the body of the apparatus of which the guide face(s) is/are an integral part.
13. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 1 to 11 wherein the guide face(s) is/are adjustably mounted on the body of the apparatus of which the protruding face(s) is/are an integral part.
14. - An apparatus according to Claims 12 or 13 wherein said adjustable mounting is non-integral with the body and mounted thereon by means of hand secured bolts such as wing nuts and bolts.
15. An apparatus according to Claim 14 wherein said adjustable mounting is located in an elongate slot perpendicular to a face such that the bolt is made fast at any position along the slot.
16. An apparatus according to Claim 15 wherein said slot is conveniently calibrated for ease of adjustment indicating the location at which a wing nut should be fastened to give a desired difference of elevation of faces which would correspond to a thickness of a particular paving stone which it is desired to lay.
17. An apparatus according to Claim 16 wherein said calibration is associated with notching or recess seating for the wing-nut.
18. An apparatus according to Claims 12 or 13 comprising an adjustably mounted face non-integral with the body and mounted thereon by means of two cross supports, one end of each rotationally mounted on one of the body and the non-integral guide face, and the other end of each slidably mounted in a slot or groove parallel to the guide face, on the other of the body and the non-integral guide face.
19. An apparatus according to preceding claim wherein the body of the apparatus is constructed of suitable material(s) which is/are resistant to abrasion and may be easily moulded and assembled and of sufficient weight to contribute to stability of operation but is not unduly heavy in manual operation.
20. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein dimensions of a protruding surface is equal to the length or width dimension of a paving stone standard in question, in combination with a guide surface of same or slightly less length, furthermore the width of the guide and protruding surfaces should be sufficient to ensure that the apparatus may be held upright with the guide and protruding faces substantially co-planar with the guide surface and a desired screed surface and even furthermore height of the apparatus body should be sufficient to enable secure operation of the apparatus, bearing in mind any handle means which may be incorporated, to ensure clearance of the operators hands from the guide surface and the screed surface.
21. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein protruding face and guide face length are in the order of 20 to 100 cm in length.
22. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein protruding face length are in order of 50 to 70 cm.
e 23. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein guide face length is in order of 40 to 60 cm.
24. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein width of guide and protruding faces are in the order of 0.1 to 1.5 cm and more specifically 0.4 to 1.2 cm.
25. An apparatus according to any preceding claim wherein the height of body of the apparatus excluding a handle means is in order 5 to 15 cm and more specifically 8 to 12 cm.
26. An apparatus according to any of Claims 1 to 20 comprising two guide faces, one at either end of the body, with a single protruding face there between of significantly greater dimensions, in the order of two to ten times those claimed in Claims 21 to 25, so as to lay two to ten rows of paving stones in each block.
27. An apparatus according to Claim 26 comprising two protruding faces, one located at each end of the body, in combination with a single guide face located in a central position of the body.
28. An apparatus according to any preceding Claim wherein said body of the apparatus may be linear or angular or curved in elongate direction and further more maybe a greater width than the corresponding guide or protruding face.
29. An apparatus according to Claim 28 wherein said body is profiled whereby a trapezoidal cross-section or cross-sectional width decreasing in direction away from the faces provides lower resistance and less dragging of a screed surface and corresponding greater accuracy of operation.
30. An apparatus according to Claim 1 comprising multiple parallel guide and/or protruding faces where the faces are in adjacent staggered arrangement, one leading and one following the guide face.
31. A process for preparing a screed base to receive paving stones using an apparatus according to any preceding claim comprising:
i) locating a guide face on a guide surface and,
ii) locating a protruding face in contact with a screed face and,
iii) drawing, the guide face along the guide surface whereby the
protruding face is drawn across the screed base at a desired
elevation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9603164A GB2310236A (en) | 1996-02-15 | 1996-02-15 | Preparing a screed base to receive paving stones |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9603164A GB2310236A (en) | 1996-02-15 | 1996-02-15 | Preparing a screed base to receive paving stones |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9603164D0 GB9603164D0 (en) | 1996-04-17 |
| GB2310236A true GB2310236A (en) | 1997-08-20 |
Family
ID=10788790
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9603164A Withdrawn GB2310236A (en) | 1996-02-15 | 1996-02-15 | Preparing a screed base to receive paving stones |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2310236A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2374103A (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-10-09 | Michael Gammell | Levelling apparatus for use when laying paving slabs etc. |
| GB2389614A (en) * | 2002-06-15 | 2003-12-17 | Edward Mcginlay | Screeding leveller |
| WO2011045569A3 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-09-01 | Vin-Tech Industries Limited | Paving or tiling aid |
| GB2490684A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-14 | Philip Charles Green | Levelling aid for laying sub-layer of paving |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2102054A (en) * | 1981-07-16 | 1983-01-26 | David Capell | Mortar or other material flattening device |
| GB2209044A (en) * | 1987-08-06 | 1989-04-26 | Geoffrey Norman Henry Goss | Patio slab laying aid |
| GB2224057A (en) * | 1988-09-21 | 1990-04-25 | John Delany | Adjustable paving layer |
| GB2258483A (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1993-02-10 | Greest Products Limited | Device for facilitating the laying of paving stones |
| GB2267523A (en) * | 1992-05-30 | 1993-12-08 | Alan Griffiths | Levelling device |
-
1996
- 1996-02-15 GB GB9603164A patent/GB2310236A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2102054A (en) * | 1981-07-16 | 1983-01-26 | David Capell | Mortar or other material flattening device |
| GB2209044A (en) * | 1987-08-06 | 1989-04-26 | Geoffrey Norman Henry Goss | Patio slab laying aid |
| GB2224057A (en) * | 1988-09-21 | 1990-04-25 | John Delany | Adjustable paving layer |
| GB2258483A (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1993-02-10 | Greest Products Limited | Device for facilitating the laying of paving stones |
| GB2267523A (en) * | 1992-05-30 | 1993-12-08 | Alan Griffiths | Levelling device |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2374103A (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-10-09 | Michael Gammell | Levelling apparatus for use when laying paving slabs etc. |
| GB2374103B (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2005-04-13 | Michael Gammell | Levelling apparatus and method |
| GB2389614A (en) * | 2002-06-15 | 2003-12-17 | Edward Mcginlay | Screeding leveller |
| WO2011045569A3 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-09-01 | Vin-Tech Industries Limited | Paving or tiling aid |
| GB2490684A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-14 | Philip Charles Green | Levelling aid for laying sub-layer of paving |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9603164D0 (en) | 1996-04-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |