GB2374103A

GB2374103A - Levelling apparatus for use when laying paving slabs etc.

Info

Publication number: GB2374103A
Application number: GB0106388A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Michael Gammell
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-03-15
Filing date: 2001-03-15
Publication date: 2002-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 2021-03-15
Also published as: GB2374103B; GB0106388D0

Abstract

The levelling apparatus 10, for aiding the correct preparation of bedding material for paving slabs, comprises a co-operating portion 11 which is arranged to co-operate with a surface of an element such as a paving slab and a levelling member 70 that projects from the co-operating portion wherein the levelling member is arranged to level the height of a material located adjacent to the element to a predetermined height as the co-operating portion is moved relative to the surface of the element. The apparatus preferably includes handles 14,16 and a levelling edge which tapers downwardly in cross-section. The apparatus may be adjustable to vary the height and angle at which the material is levelled and the levelling member and the co-operating portion may be slidable relative to one another. The apparatus preferably includes a spirit level with a number of lines indicating different orientations and graduated markings along the upper edge to enable measurements to be made. Also claimed is a method of levelling a material.

Description

LEVELLING APPARATUS AND METHOD

Field of the Invention The present invention relates to levelling apparatus and a method of levelling especially, but not limited to, levelling apparatus and a method for use in laying paving slabs or the like.

Background to the Invention There are two conventional methods of laying paving slabs in order to provide a paved area. The first method uses a wet mortar on which the paving slabs are laid. However, with such a method the paving slabs cannot be walked on until the mortar is dry. This is generally the next day and, thereby, causes a delay to any other work which may be being conducted adjacent to the paved area.

The alternative method is to use a dry mix bed on which to lay the paving slabs. Once the paving slabs have been laid, the paving slabs can be walked on immediately.

However, one problem with using a dry bed is that considerable experience is required in order to gauge the correct amount of dry bed to lay. This may result in the paving slabs being lifted, once laid, in order to adjust the amount of the dry bed material used.

Accordingly, this wastes time in constructing the paved area. In addition, paved areas must incorporate a slight slope or fall in order to prevent the formation of puddles and to allow liquid especially water, for example rain to run off to a drainage area. Therefore, the dry bed must

incorporate a slight fall to allow for this. Again, considerable experience is required to achieve this or the paving slabs may have to be raised to adjust the dry bed several times to achieve the correct fall.

In this application, the verb"to level"means to form a surface which may be flat or contoured or to make substantially even and does not imply this surface is necessarily horizontal. In order to form or make the surface may require material to be added or removed therefrom.

It is an aim of the present invention to overcome at least one problem associated with the prior art whether referred to herein or otherwise.

Summary of the Invention According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a levelling apparatus comprising a cooperating portion which is arranged, in use, to co-operate with the surface of a member, the levelling apparatus further comprising a levelling member which projects from the co-operating portion wherein the levelling member is arranged to level the height of a material located adjacent to the member to a predetermined height as the co-operating portion is moved relative to the surface of the member.

Preferably the levelling member is arranged to level the height of the material in to a plane directly dependent upon the plane of the upper surface of the member. The levelling member may be arranged to level the height of

the material in to a plane parallel to the plane of the upper surface of the member. The plane may be substantially flat. Alternatively, the plane may be contoured.

Preferably the levelling apparatus comprises a handle portion. The co-operating portion may be provided by a part of the handle portion and preferably is provided by the lower surface of the handle portion. The handle portion may comprise at least one and preferably two grips to enable a user to manually move the levelling apparatus relative to the member.

Preferably the co-operating portion maintains in contact with the member during relative movement between the cooperating portion and the surface of the member.

Preferably the member is a planar member. The member may be a paving unit, for example a paving stone or flag stone or paving slab or block pavior.

The levelling member may comprise a levelling edge. The levelling member may be an elongate member. The levelling member may have a downwardly tapered cross-section. The levelling member may have a levelling face which is arranged, in use, to level the material. The levelling face may be angled downwardly and rearwardly relative to the movement of the levelling member, in use. The levelling member may be removably secured to the apparatus. The levelling member may be adjustable in order to level the height of a material located adjacent to the member to differing predetermined heights. The levelling may be slidably movable relative to the co

operating portion. For example, such a feature would enable the apparatus to be used with different members having different thicknesses.

The levelling member may be mounted on a support member.

The support member and the handle portion may comprise a single elongate member. Preferably the levelling member projects downwardly from the support member.

Preferably the levelling member is arranged, in use, to level the height of the material located adjacent to the member to a height below the upper surface of the member.

Preferably the levelling member is arranged, in use, to level the material in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the member.

Preferably, the material comprises a bedding material and preferably comprises a dry mix bed material.

Preferably, the handle portion comprises cut out portions to enable a user to grasp the levelling apparatus.

Preferably, the levelling apparatus further comprises an indicator. The indicator may be able to indicate when the levelling apparatus is positioned horizontally.

Preferably the indicator is able to indicate when the levelling apparatus is positioned with a predetermined angle of tilt.

Preferably, the indicator is in the form of a spirit level or level tube.

Preferably, the indicator is in the form of a spirit level whose vial is marked with a plurality of lines indicating both a horizontal orientation and an orientation in which the levelling apparatus is positioned with a predetermined angle of tilt.

Preferably, the levelling member comprises a levelling edge.

Preferably, the levelling member is supported from above by a support portion.

Preferably, the upper surface of the levelling apparatus is marked with graduations to enable measurements to be made.

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of levelling a material comprising moving levelling apparatus in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention relative to a member located adjacent to the material.

Preferably the method comprises manually moving the levelling apparatus relative to the member.

Preferably the method comprises maintaining the cooperating portion of the levelling apparatus in contact with the upper surface of the member.

The method may comprise adding further material. The method may comprise ensuring that there is excess material. The method may comprise removing material.

The method may comprise checking the level of the member. The method may comprise checking the level of the material.

Preferably the member is a planar member. The member may be a paving stone or a flag stone.

Preferably, the material comprises a bedding material and preferably comprises a dry bed mix material.

Brief Description of the Drawings The present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings that follow, in which: Figure 1 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of levelling apparatus.

Figure 2 is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of levelling apparatus.

Figure 3 is an end view of a preferred embodiment of levelling apparatus.

Figure 4 is a view of the underside of a preferred embodiment of levelling apparatus.

Figure 5 is a plan view of an indicator of a preferred embodiment of levelling apparatus.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a partially constructed paved area.

Figure 7 is a cross-section through part of a paved area.

Figure 8 is a cross-section of another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9a is a cross-section of another embodiment of the present invention with a removable member secured thereto.

Figure 9b is a cross-section of another embodiment of the present invention with another embodiment of a removable member secured thereto.

Figure 9c is a cross-section of another embodiment of the present invention with a further embodiment of a removable member secured thereto.

Figure 10 is a side view of another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a plan view of another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a plan view of another embodiment of the present invention showing the measurement scale.

Figure 13 is a view of the underside of another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a cross-section of a further embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 15 is a side view of a further embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 16 is a side view of part of a further embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the Preferred Embodiments As shown in Figure 1, the levelling apparatus 10 comprises a handle portion 12 including two hand grips 14,16. The hand grips 14,16 are cut out portions on the handle portion 12 which enable the hands of a user to grip the levelling apparatus 10.

The levelling apparatus 10 is generally elongate and has a support portion 18 extending from the handle portion 12.

The levelling apparatus may be the same length as twice the width of the paving slabs being laid. The support portion 18 has a levelling member 20 supported thereon.

The levelling member 20 is elongate and extends downwards from the support member 18. The levelling member may be adjustable in order to extend downwardly to different heights in order for use with paving members of different thicknesses. Alternatively, the levelling member may be fixed for use with paving members of a single thickness. The levelling member 20 has a levelling edge 22 defined thereon. The levelling member 20 may be a blade. The levelling member 20 has a tapered cross-section in which a levelling face 24 of the levelling member 20 is offset to the vertical and is angled to meet a lower face 26 of the levelling member 20 which is narrower than an upper portion of the levelling member 20 at the levelling edge

22. The third face 28 of the levelling member 20 is substantially vertical. The fall of the paved area may be arranged longitudinally along the paving slabs or laterally along the paving slabs. Alternatively, the fall may be diagonally across the paving slabs. As shown in Figure 6 the paved area is arranged to incorporate a fall along the longitudinal axis of the paving slabs. Accordingly, the first paving slab 42 is orientated at a downward angle relative to the horizontal plane. The first paving slab 42 has a longitudinally adjacent paving slab 44 which is located downstream. In addition, the first paving slab 42 has a laterally adjacent paving slab 46 which is located directly adjacent to the first paving slab 42. All of the paving slabs 42,44, 46 are in the same plane and that plane is the plane of the paved area. However, the paved area may be contoured depending on the use of the paved area and also the drainage requirements.

The method of laying the paved area may also use a string line in order to check that adjacent paving slab surfaces are horizontal, where required. The string line may be used to indicate the top edge of the paving slab (nearest the building) and extends to the last paving slab to be laid on the horizontal where it is secured to a metal pin at the correct height. The string line should be parallel to the building and also level on the horizontal to coincide with the brickwork on the building. After the levelling apparatus has been used, the paving slab can be compacted down to the correct level, using the string line as a guide.

In order to lay a paving slab longitudinally adjacent to a correctly positioned slab 40, a co-operating portion of the levelling apparatus 10 is rested on the upper surface of the correctly positioned slab 40 with the support member 18 projecting longitudinally outwards from the paving slab. The co-operating portion may comprise the lower face 11 of the handle portion 12. Accordingly, the levelling member 20 locates in the longitudinally adjacent area where the dry bed of the longitudinally adjacent paving slab is to be located. The levelling apparatus 10 is moved relative to the correctly positioned slab 40 in order for the levelling member to sweep and level the dry bed ready for the next paving slab. This may require dry bed mixture to be added to the area located adjacent to the paving slab 40. If the co-operating portion of the levelling apparatus is maintained in contact with the upper surface of the paving slab 40 then the height and level of the adjacent dry bed will be directly related to the level and orientation of the correctly laid slab 40. Accordingly, both the correct height and shape of the dry bed are attained.

Similarly, if a laterally adjacent paving slab is to be laid, then the levelling apparatus is positioned such that the levelling member 20 locates laterally adjacent to the correctly laid paving slab. The levelling apparatus 10 is again moved in order to sweep and level the dry bed laterally adjacent to the correctly laid paving slab 40.

This will result in the laterally adjacent paving slab being in the same place as the correctly laid paving slab 40.

The levelling apparatus 10 also incorporates an indicator 50 substantially in the form of a spirit level, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the indicator 50 is set in to the underside of the handle portion 12, and recessed relative to the underside of the handle portion 12 to offer protection against abrasion and impact. The indicator 50 functions as a normal spirit level and can also indicate the angle of tilt required for a paving slab to shed water. This functionality is achieved in this embodiment of the invention by marking a spirit level vial 52 with one pair of lines 54 which indicate a horizontal level when a bubble 56 is located between them, and additional lines 58,60 which indicate the correct angle of tilt when the bubble is located adjacent to them. For example, the first additional line 58 is used to indicate a tilt in a first direction whilst the second additional line 60 is used to indicate a tilt in a second direction which is opposite to the first direction. The indicator is used to ensure that a paving slab is laid horizontally perpendicular to the direction of the fall (the lateral direction of the example shown in Figures 6 and 7 and described earlier) and with the correct gradient in the direction of the fall (the longitudinal direction of the example shown in Figures 6 and 7 and described earlier).

The upper surface of the handle portion 12 and the support member 18 are marked with graduations to enable measurements to be made. Such measurements might be needed to calculate the number of slabs required for a given job or if slabs have to be cut. In addition, the

measurements may be used to measure the location where a paving slab needs to be cut in order to fit at a specific location. If the length of the levelling apparatus is proportional to the width of the relevant paving member, then the graduations may be specifically useful if measurements related to the width of the paving members are required.

Preferably the paving slabs are planar but they may be contoured and the levelling apparatus could be used to create a contoured dry bed mix for adjacent paving slabs to be laid thereon.

The invention may be manufactured from a metal alloy or plastics material, or any other suitable lightweight, durable material, and of course may be of any suitable colour.

Another embodiment of the present invention comprises a levelling member 70 which can be removably secured to the levelling apparatus 10, as shown in Figures 8 to 13. The removable levelling member 70 is secured to the support portion 18 of the levelling apparatus 10 by two securing bolts 72. Each securing bolt 72 projects through a securement aperture provided in the removable levelling member 70. Each securing bolt 72 secures in a threaded region 73 defined in the support portion 18 or in a separate securing nut (not shown) and are preferably secured hand tight. The apparatus may have grip members (not shown) in order to improve the grip and retention of the levelling member by the securing bolts. The position of the apertures in the removable levelling member 70 defines the amount to which the levelling edge 74 is

positioned below the lower face 11 of the handle portion 12 and hence the height of the dry bed that the apparatus 10 will level.

Different removable levelling members 70 may be used with the same apparatus in order to level at different heights dependent upon the thickness of the paving unit, (for example 25mm, 50mm or 65mm) as shown in Figure 9a, 9b and 9c. No setting up of the levelling apparatus is required by the user, just removal of the securing bolts, slide on the existing levelling member 70 and replace with a different one that suits the needs of the job.

The hand grips 14,16 may interfere with the measurement graduations on the apparatus 10. Accordingly, the markings for the graduations extend down both sides of the apparatus. On one side the measurements may be in reverse to the other side. For example, on one side the measurements may be 0-120cm and on the other side the measurements may be 120-Ocm. Accordingly, if the hand grips 14,16 are in the way of a measurement then the apparatus could be reversed. In addition, such an arrangement may be suitable for use by right handed and left handed users.

The levelling indicator 50 is visible from both sides and underneath. This enables more light to reach the indicator 50 and also makes it easier to read and clean.

Wear studs 76 or wear strips (not shown) may be provided on the relevant edges of the apparatus 10, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 13. The wear studs prevent the relevant surfaces from wear. Accordingly, the relevant

surfaces are the lower face 11 of the handle portion 12 and the inner surface 78 of the levelling member 70. A further embodiment of the present invention comprises an adjustable levelling member 80, as shown in Figure 14,15 and 16. The adjustable levelling member 80 may be slidably moved relative to the support portions 18 along a transverse axis relative to the longitudinal extent of the apparatus in order to extend downwardly relative to the lower face of the handle portion 12 by an adjustable amount. Accordingly, the user can select the height to be levelled and can vary this depending on the thickness of the paving unit. This makes the apparatus suitable for use with all paving units.

The adjustable levelling member 80 has two elongate slots 82 defined thereon. Two securement bolts 84 project through apertures provided in the support portion and through the elongate slots 72 and can be tightened to grip the levelling member 80 in order to retain the levelling member in a selected position. Each securement bolt locates in a threaded region 86 provided in the support portion 18. Alternatively a separate nut may be provided which may be flush with the side of the apparatus 10. The apparatus 10 has grip members 88 which are arranged to aid the grip and retention of the levelling member 80. The grip members may comprise a resilient material, for example rubber located adjacent to the securement bolts 84 such that when the securement bolts 84 are tightened the grip members 88 grip the levelling member 80.

The adjustable levelling member 80 may have a measurement scale 90 on one or both sides. The measurement scale 90

enables the user to measure the extent that the levelling member projects downwardly and hence the height which is to be levelled. In addition, this embodiment does not have removable parts which may be lost.

Again, wear prevention means in the form of wear studs 92 may be provided on the relevant surfaces. In addition, graduation makings may extend down both sides of the apparatus as previously described and the indicator may be visible from both sides and below, as previously described.

The reader's attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently with or previous to this specification in connection with this application and which are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference.

All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive.

Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise,

each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

The invention is not restricted to the details of the foregoing embodiment (s). The invention extend to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.

Claims

Claims 1. A levelling apparatus comprising a co-operating portion which is arranged, in use, to co-operate with the surface of a member, the levelling apparatus further comprising a levelling member which projects from the cooperating portion wherein the levelling member is arranged to level the height of a material located adjacent to the member to a predetermined height as the co-operating portion is moved relative to the surface of the member.
2. A levelling apparatus according to claim 1 in which the levelling member is arranged to level the height of the material in to a plane directly dependent upon the plane of the upper surface of the member.
3. A levelling apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 in which the levelling member is arranged to level the height of the material in to a plane parallel to the plane of the upper surface of the member.
4. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling apparatus comprises a handle portion.
5. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the co-operating portion maintains in contact with the member during relative movement between the cooperating portion and the surface of the member.
6. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the member is a paving unit.
7. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member comprises a levelling edge.
8. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member has a downwardly tapered cross-section.
9. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member is adjustable in order to level the height of a material located adjacent to the member to differing predetermined heights.
10. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member is slidably movable relative to the co-operating portion.
11. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member is arranged, in use, to level the height of the material located adjacent to the member to a height below the upper surface of the member.
12. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member is arranged, in use, to level the material in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the member.

13. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the material comprises a bedding material.

14. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling apparatus further comprises an indicator to indicate when the levelling apparatus is positioned horizontally.

15. A levelling apparatus according to claim 14 in which the indicator is in the form of a spirit level.

16. A levelling apparatus according to claim 14 or claim 15 in which the indicator is in the form of a spirit level whose vial is marked with a plurality of lines indicating both a horizontal orientation and an orientation in which the levelling apparatus is positioned with a predetermined angle of tilt.

17. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the upper surface of the levelling apparatus is marked with graduations to enable measurements to be made.

18. A method of levelling a material comprising moving levelling apparatus in accordance any one of claims 1 to 17 relative to a member located adjacent to the material.

19. A method according to claim 18 including manually moving the levelling apparatus relative to the member.

20. A method according to claim 18 or claim 19 including maintaining the co-operating portion of the levelling apparatus in contact with the upper surface of the member.

21. A method according to any one of claims 18 to 20 including adding further material.

22. A method according to any one of claims 18 to 21 including ensuring that there is excess material.

23. A method according to any one of claims 18 to 22 including the member is a paving stone.

24. A method according to any one of claims 18 to 23 including the material comprises a bedding material.

25. A levelling apparatus substantially as herein described, with reference to, and as shown in any of the accompanying drawings.

26. A method of levelling a material as herein described, with reference to, and as shown in any of the accompanying drawings.

Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows

1. A levelling apparatus comprising a c-operating portion which is arranged, in use, to co-operate with the surface of a paving member, the levelling apparatus further comprising a levelling member which projects from the co-operating portion wherein the levelling member is arranged to level the height of a material located adjacent to the paving member to a predetermined height as the co-operating portion is moved relative to the surface of the paving member, the levelling member being removably secured to the levelling apparatus to enable further levelling members to be secured to the levelling apparatus in order to level the material at different heights dependent upon the thickness of the paving member.

2. A levelling apparatus according to claim 1 in which the levelling member is removably secured to the levelling apparatus by a securing bolt which locates in a securement aperture provided in the removable levelling member, the position of the aperture defining the height that the material located adjacent to the paving member is to be levelled.

3. A levelling apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 in which the levelling member is fixed to the levelling apparatus for use with paving members of a single thickness.

4. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member is slidably secured to the levelling apparatus by sliding the levelling member along the longitudinal axis of the levelling apparatus.

5. A levelling apparatus according to claim 4 in which the levelling member comprises a flange which slidably engages in an elongated groove which extends along the longitudinal axis of the levelling apparatus.

6. A levelling apparatus according to claim 5 in which the flange is substantially T-shaped and engages in a substantially T-shaped groove.

7. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the apparatus comprises two securement bolts each being arranged to project through a securement aperture provided in the removable levelling member.

8. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member is arranged to level the height of the material in to a plane directly dependent upon the plane of the upper surface of the paving member.

9. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member is arranged to level the height of the material in to a plane parallel to the plane of the upper surface of the paving member.

10. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling apparatus comprises a handle portion.

11. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the co-operating portion maintains in contact with the paving member during relative movement between

the co-operating portion and the surface of the paving member. 12. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member comprises a levelling edge.
13. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member has a downwardly tapered cross-section.
14. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member is arranged, in use, to level the height of the material located adjacent to the member to a height below the upper surface of the paving member.
15. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling member is arranged, in use, to level the material in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the paving member.
16. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the material comprises a bedding material.
17. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the levelling apparatus further comprises an indicator to indicate when the levelling apparatus is positioned horizontally.
18. A levelling apparatus according to claim 17 in which the indicator is in the form of a spirit level.
19. A levelling apparatus according to claim 17 or claim 18 in which the indicator is in the form of a spirit level whose vial is marked with a plurality of lines indicating both a horizontal orientation and an orientation in which the levelling apparatus is positioned with a predetermined angle of tilt.
20. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the upper surface of the levelling apparatus is marked with graduations to enable measurements to be made.
21. A levelling apparatus according to any preceding claim in which the apparatus is arranged to level the height of dry bed mix material.
22. A method of levelling a material comprising moving levelling apparatus in accordance any one of claims 1 to 21 relative to a paving member located adjacent to the material.
23. A method according to claim 22 in which the method comprises removing a first removable levelling member and securing a second levelling member to the levelling apparatus in order to level the material to a different height.
24. A method according to claim 22 or claim 23 including manually moving the levelling apparatus relative to the paving member.
25. A method according to any one of claims 22 to 24 including maintaining the co-operating portion of the

levelling apparatus in contact with the upper surface of the paving member.
26. A method according to any one of claims 22 to 25 including adding further material.
27. A method according to any one of claims 22 to 26 including ensuring that there is excess material.
28. A method according to any one of claims 22 to 27 in which the paving member is a paving stone.
29. A method according to any one of claims 22 to 28 including the material comprises a dry bed mix material.
30. A kit comprising levelling apparatus in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 21 and a plurality of removable levelling members.
31. A kit according to claim 30 wherein each removable levelling member is selectively fixed to the levelling apparatus in order to level the material at different heights dependent upon the thickness of the paving member.
32. A kit according to claim 30 or claim 31 in which one levelling member is for use with a paving member having a thickness of 25mm.
33. A kit according to any one of claims 30 to 32 in which one levelling member is for use with a paving member having a thickness of 50mm.
34. A kit according to any one of claims 30 to 33 in which one levelling member is for use with a paving member having a thickness of 65mm.
35. A levelling apparatus substantially as herein described, with reference to, and as shown in any of the accompanying drawings.
36. A method of levelling a material as herein described, with reference to, and as shown in any of the accompanying drawings.
37. A kit substantially as herein described, with reference to, and as shown in any of the accompanying drawings.