GB2292187A - Propulsive mechanism - Google Patents
Propulsive mechanism Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2292187A GB2292187A GB9416198A GB9416198A GB2292187A GB 2292187 A GB2292187 A GB 2292187A GB 9416198 A GB9416198 A GB 9416198A GB 9416198 A GB9416198 A GB 9416198A GB 2292187 A GB2292187 A GB 2292187A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- load carrier
- propeller
- varied
- during use
- mechanisms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims description 36
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026058 directional locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K5/00—Plants including an engine, other than a gas turbine, driving a compressor or a ducted fan
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H7/00—Propulsion directly actuated on air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
A centrifugal propeller 10 or 11 within a specially shaped housing, 12, is rotated by a fuel-powered motor connected to spindle 15, and thus generates an airflow. The generation of this airflow produces a reactive force on the propeller and its housing. This force will be transmitted to any object, such as a vehicle, boat, or aircraft, to which the propeller is fixed. The direction of the reactive force, and therefore of the transmitted force, is determined by the direction of the airflow, which may be varied (eg by means of vanes or a rotatable housing) during use. The strength of the transmitted force may be varied during use by control of the speed and volume (or mass) of the airflow. <IMAGE>
Description
PROPIJIS IVE XRCHAJ TSM.
This invention is in the field of fuel-powered propulsive systems for vehicles, boats, and aircraft. Vehicles, boats, and aircraft, are hereafter included collectively in the term "load carriers". The term *propulsive mechanism" is here used to describe a mechanism which generates a force which produces or prevents any type of movement, including forward, backward, lateral, and vertical movement, and any combination of such directional movements, by the load carrier on which the mechanism is mounted.
Centrifugal impellers are widely used in the air-conditioning and other industries to generate airflows. In this invention the reactive force on a centrifugal propeller while generating an airflow, on its specially shaped housing, and on its associated equipment, is adopted as a propulsive force.
Existing propulsive mechanisms for load carriers include fuel-powered motors that rotate screw-type propellers to generate flows of either the water or the air, that is adjacent to the load carrier. In this invention a fuel-powered motor rotates a centrifugal propeller to generate a flow in the air in or around the load carrier. The centrifugal propeller is within a housing which is shaped to give the required directions to the input and output airflows.
In this invention a load carrier may be fitted with one or more centrifugal propellers, and one or more fuel-powered motors. The orientation of the propeller housing, the size and orientation of the air inlet and outlet ports, and the speeds of the motors may all be controlled either independently or in groups. Propellers may be driven by one or more motors and motors may drive one or more propellers.
The centrifugal propellers and their housings may be made of any suitable material such as metal, ceramic, wood, or plastic, separately or in combination.
The centrifugal propellers may,
have one ar more blades1
have blades that are flat or shaped,
have blades that are rigid or flexible,
have blades of different shapes on the same propeller,
have blades that are in fixed positions, or have blades that
are on mountings that enable the positions of the blades
to be varied during use.
The housings of the centrifugal propellers may,
be in fixed positions and orientations with respect to the load carriers,
or may be on mountings that enable their positions and orientations
with respect to the load carriers to be varied during use,
have one or more air-inlet and air-outlet ports and associated ducts,
have air-inlet and air-outlet ports and associated ducts of fixed shapes,
which are in fixed positions and orientations with respect to the
housings, or these ports and ducts may have shapes and positions
and orientations that may be varied during use.
A complete propulsive mechanism, including the centrifugal propeller, its housing, and its fuel-powered motor, may be mounted on a load carrier in a fixed position and orientation, or it may be on mountings that enable its position and orientation to be varied during use.
Changing the orientation of the reactive force with respect to the load carrier on which it is mounted provides a simple and powerful alternative to conventional steering mechanisms. An additional or alternative method of changing the orientation of the reactive force with respect to the load carrier is to deflect the airstream with adjustable vanes fastened directly or indirectly to the load carrier.
Examples of the essential components of the invention and the manner in which it may be employed are shown in the accompanying figures.
Figure 1 shows examples of the essential components of the invented propulsive
mechanism, excluding the fuel-powered motor and the components that
transmit the motor's power to the propeller.
Figure 2 shows how the invention could be fitted to a vehicle for use
on solid surfaces to provide propulsion.
Figure 3 shows how the invention could be fitted to a boat
to provide propulsion and steerage.
Figure 4 shows bow the invention could be fitted to a boat
to provide or prevent lateral movement.
Figure 5 shows how the invention could be fitted to an aircraft
to provide propulsion and steerage.
Figure 6 shows how the invention could be fitted to an aircraft
to provide lift, and forward, and backward, propulsion.
These figures are indicative of, and not exhaustive of, the shapes of the essential components and of the many ways in which the invention could be applied to provide propulsive forces, and movement control forces, for load carriers.
Figure 1 includes two of the many types of centrifugal propeller that could be used in this invention, together with a housing suitable for a double sided propeller. Figure 1 shows: 18 a propeller with straight blades on one side of a disc,
11 a propeller with curved blades on both sides of a disc,
12 a suitable propeller housing for a double-sided propeller, having
13 two air inlet ports, and
14 one air outlet port.
The arrangement shown produces an airflow in the direction a b, and a reactive force on the propeller and its housing in the direction c, when the centrifugal propeller is rotated in the direction d. A single sided propeller could have a similar housing with one inlet port.
Figure 1 also shows one simple arrangement for changing the orientation of the reactive force on the propeller and its housing with respect to the load carrier on which they are mounted. The components required by this arrangement are:
15 spindle carrying the propeller,
16 propeller mounting base on load carrier,
17 flanged tube attached to the propeller housing, located
concentrically about the propeller spindle,
18 bearings between the flanged tube and the load carrier,
19 pulley, sprocket, or gearwheel, attached to the flanged tube
to enable the orientation of the propeller housing to be changed, 28 bearings carrying the propeller spindle,
21 pulley, sprocket, gearwheel, or other coupling, for connection to the
transmission system bringing power from the fuel-powered motor.
This arrangement enables the orientation of the propeller housing 12 to be changed by the application of a turning force to component 19 while the propeller is being rotated by power received through components 21 and 15.
Steering and movement control could also be effected by:
i) movement of the motor, propeller, and propeller housing as a whole.
ii) Deflection of the airflow by adjustable vanes attached directly or
indirectly to the load carrier.
Figure 2 shows the invention fitted to a vehicle, 23, for use on solid surfaces.
The figure shows a vehicle fitted with wheels, 24, but the invention could be similarly fitted to vehicles supported by caterpillar tracks or by skids or ny air cushions. The power output from a fuel-powered motor, 25, is passed to the propeller spindle, 15, by a transmission system, 26. This transmission system could include pulleys and belts, sprockets and chains, interlocking gears, and other suitable components, and would often be arranged to enable the rotational speed of the propeller to differ to that of the motor output shaft.
Arrangements to allow the orientation with respect to the load carrier of the reactive force on the propeller and its housing to be changed during use would not normally be required on a wheeled vehicle which could be steered through its wheels in the normal manner, but could be adopted on a vehicle supported by caterpillar tracks or by skids.
Figure 3 shows two sets of the invented mechanism fitted to a boathull, 30.
The propeller housings, 12, are mounted according to the arrangements shown in figure 1, to enable the housing orientations with respect to the boat to be varied as shown in sketch 31, to provide steerage. Alternatively the orientation of the complete assembly, including propellers, housings, and motors, could be varied to provide steerage, as shown in sketch 32.
Figure 4 shows four sets of the invented mechanism fitted to a boat, 48, to enable lateral movements to be produced and controlled. The output ports could be below the water surface 41, as shown.
Figure 5 shows two sets of the invented mechanism fitted to an aircraft, 50, to produce forward propulsion and to provide steering in the manner shown in sketch 31 of figure 3.
Figure 6 shows four sets of the invented mechanism fitted to an aircraft, 68, in an arrangement such that the propeller housings may be rotated to provide forces for vertical lift, as sketch 61, or forward propulsion, as sketch 62, or forces producing combinations of lift and forward propulsion.
Claims (8)
1. A mechanism, consisting primarily of a fuel-powered motor driving a
centrifugal propeller within a specially shaped housing, for the
generation of an airflow which produces a reactive force on this
mechanism sufficient for the propulsion or movement control of the load
carrier on which the mechanism is mounted.
2. Arrangements in which load carriers are fitted with one or more of the
mechanisms described in claim 1.
3. A mechanism, or mechanisms, as described in claim 1, mounted on a load
carrier, but with additional arrangements such that the orientation of
the ropeller housing with respect to the load carrier may be varied
during use so that the direction of the force exerted by the mechanism
on the load carrier may be varied.
4. A mechanism, or mechanisms, as described in claim 1, mounted on a load
carrier, but with additional arrangements such that the orientation with
respect to the load carrier of all or nearly all of the major components
of the mechanism, including the propeller housing and the fuel-powered
motor, may be varied during use so that the direction of the force
exerted by the mechanism on the load carrier may be varied.
5. A mechanism, or mechanisms, as described in claim 1, mounted on a load
carrier, but with additional arrangements such that the airflow
generated by the mechanism is deflected by vanes attached directly or
indirectly to the load carrier so that the direction of the force exerted
by the mechanism on the load carrier may be varied during use.
6. A mechanism, or mechanisms, as described in claim 1, mounted on a load
carrier, but with additional arrangements such that the position and
shape of the air inlet and outlet ports and ducts may be varied during
use so that the direction and strength of the force exerted by the
mechanism on the load carrier may be varied.
7. A mechanism, or mechanisms, as described in claim 1, mounted on a load
carrier, but with additional arrangements by which the speed of the
fuel-powered motor may be varied during use so that the strength of the
force exerted by the mechanism on the load carrier may be varied.
8. A mechanism, or mechanisms, as described in claim 1, mounted on a load
carrier, but with additional arrangements by which the speed of the
centrifugal propeller with respect to the speed of the fuel-powered
motor may be varied during use so that the strength of the force
exerted by the mechanism on the load carrier may be varied.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9416198A GB2292187A (en) | 1994-08-11 | 1994-08-11 | Propulsive mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9416198A GB2292187A (en) | 1994-08-11 | 1994-08-11 | Propulsive mechanism |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9416198D0 GB9416198D0 (en) | 1994-10-05 |
| GB2292187A true GB2292187A (en) | 1996-02-14 |
Family
ID=10759704
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9416198A Withdrawn GB2292187A (en) | 1994-08-11 | 1994-08-11 | Propulsive mechanism |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2292187A (en) |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB377237A (en) * | 1931-04-22 | 1932-07-22 | Thomas Murdoch Maccaskie | Improvements in aircraft |
| GB388696A (en) * | 1931-10-10 | 1933-03-02 | Jean Pierre Binard | Improvements relating to the propulsion of ships |
| GB809201A (en) * | 1955-01-12 | 1959-02-18 | Michel Henri Marie Joseph Wiba | Jet propelled aircraft |
| GB877982A (en) * | 1959-01-23 | 1961-09-20 | Meccanica Garelli S P A | Liquid jet propulsion outboard motor |
| GB885666A (en) * | 1956-12-07 | 1961-12-28 | Laing Nikolaus | Improvements in aircraft wings |
| GB1087543A (en) * | 1964-05-28 | 1967-10-18 | Hovercraft Dev Ltd | Improvements relating to gas-cushion vehicles |
| GB1183332A (en) * | 1966-03-01 | 1970-03-04 | Britten Norman Ltd | Improvements in or relating to Air Cushion Vehicles |
| GB2011006A (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1979-07-04 | Gen Motors Corp | Clutch and brake unit |
| GB1548455A (en) * | 1976-06-25 | 1979-07-18 | House W C | Amphibious air cushion vehicles |
| GB1582980A (en) * | 1976-08-09 | 1981-01-21 | Bizzarri A | Fluid flow devices |
-
1994
- 1994-08-11 GB GB9416198A patent/GB2292187A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB377237A (en) * | 1931-04-22 | 1932-07-22 | Thomas Murdoch Maccaskie | Improvements in aircraft |
| GB388696A (en) * | 1931-10-10 | 1933-03-02 | Jean Pierre Binard | Improvements relating to the propulsion of ships |
| GB809201A (en) * | 1955-01-12 | 1959-02-18 | Michel Henri Marie Joseph Wiba | Jet propelled aircraft |
| GB885666A (en) * | 1956-12-07 | 1961-12-28 | Laing Nikolaus | Improvements in aircraft wings |
| GB877982A (en) * | 1959-01-23 | 1961-09-20 | Meccanica Garelli S P A | Liquid jet propulsion outboard motor |
| GB1087543A (en) * | 1964-05-28 | 1967-10-18 | Hovercraft Dev Ltd | Improvements relating to gas-cushion vehicles |
| GB1183332A (en) * | 1966-03-01 | 1970-03-04 | Britten Norman Ltd | Improvements in or relating to Air Cushion Vehicles |
| GB1548455A (en) * | 1976-06-25 | 1979-07-18 | House W C | Amphibious air cushion vehicles |
| GB1582980A (en) * | 1976-08-09 | 1981-01-21 | Bizzarri A | Fluid flow devices |
| GB2011006A (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1979-07-04 | Gen Motors Corp | Clutch and brake unit |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Jane's Publishing Company Ltd.,Page 6(AC800) and pages 138, 139( ART 1&10 ) * |
| Roy McLeavy ," JANE'S SURFACE SKIMMERS HOVERCRAFT AND HYDROFOILS 1982 " published 1982 by * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9416198D0 (en) | 1994-10-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |