GB2291729A - An electronic travel pass system - Google Patents

An electronic travel pass system Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2291729A
GB2291729A GB9514611A GB9514611A GB2291729A GB 2291729 A GB2291729 A GB 2291729A GB 9514611 A GB9514611 A GB 9514611A GB 9514611 A GB9514611 A GB 9514611A GB 2291729 A GB2291729 A GB 2291729A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
card
pass
data
electronic travel
travel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9514611A
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GB2291729B (en
GB9514611D0 (en
Inventor
John Wolfgang Halpern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB9115403A external-priority patent/GB2258371A/en
Priority claimed from GB919115408A external-priority patent/GB9115408D0/en
Priority claimed from GB919122242A external-priority patent/GB9122242D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB9514611A priority Critical patent/GB2291729B/en
Priority claimed from GB9400814A external-priority patent/GB2272552B/en
Publication of GB9514611D0 publication Critical patent/GB9514611D0/en
Publication of GB2291729A publication Critical patent/GB2291729A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2291729B publication Critical patent/GB2291729B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07701—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier comprising an interface suitable for human interaction
    • G06K19/07703—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier comprising an interface suitable for human interaction the interface being visual
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
    • G06K7/10326—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers the antenna being of the very-near field type, e.g. capacitive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/04—Payment circuits
    • G06Q20/06—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme
    • G06Q20/065—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme using e-cash
    • G06Q20/0652—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme using e-cash e-cash with decreasing value according to a parameter, e.g. time
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/341—Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/343—Cards including a counter
    • G06Q20/3437—Cards including a counter the counter having non-monetary units, e.g. trips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/357—Cards having a plurality of specified features
    • G06Q20/3572—Multiple accounts on card
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/36—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
    • G06Q20/363—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes with the personal data of a user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
    • G06Q20/403—Solvency checks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
    • G07C9/25—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
    • G07C9/253—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition visually
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/02—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by keys or other credit registering devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/0806—Details of the card
    • G07F7/0813—Specific details related to card security
    • G07F7/082—Features insuring the integrity of the data on or in the card
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/0806—Details of the card
    • G07F7/0833—Card having specific functional components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/0866—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means by active credit-cards adapted therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/0873—Details of the card reader
    • G07F7/088—Details of the card reader the card reader being part of the point of sale [POS] terminal or electronic cash register [ECR] itself
    • G07F7/0886—Details of the card reader the card reader being part of the point of sale [POS] terminal or electronic cash register [ECR] itself the card reader being portable for interacting with a POS or ECR in realizing a payment transaction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
    • G07F7/1008—Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/66—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers with means for preventing unauthorised or fraudulent calling
    • H04M1/667—Preventing unauthorised calls from a telephone set
    • H04M1/67—Preventing unauthorised calls from a telephone set by electronic means
    • H04M1/675—Preventing unauthorised calls from a telephone set by electronic means the user being required to insert a coded card, e.g. a smart card carrying an integrated circuit chip

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Cash Registers Or Receiving Machines (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Meter Arrangements (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Abstract

A user has the choice between three different cards, namely a plain, non-contact operated card, a card equipped with a readout window showing the result after each transaction, and thirdly a considerably thicker card which permits code entry via push buttons on the surface of the card. The three card types are useable in a uniform Reader Terminal of the system.

Description

AN ELECTRONIC TRAVEL PASS SYSTEM This paper deals with a portable, private data base in pocketsize format and an associated operating system which combine a number of inventive characteristics in order to obtain important results: A high rate of data transfer in a non-contact transfer mode.
Replacement of on-line transactions by secure off-line transactions.
The card device should remain hand-held in a large majority of applications.
The card device should have a long working life.
The user, when acquiring a card device, should have the choice between: (i) a plain credit card-like carrier (ii) a card as above, with a built-in display window (iii) a card with a display with some on-board battery power and manual data entry facilities.
The item (i) may well suffice for a commuting student, especially as it may also be useful for paying exact money to a copy machine, as an ID card in the library or to pay for canteen meals. Item (ii) upgrades the card, making it closer to real money because the user can check what he has paid, or how much he has left in the "purse". Item (iii) is for the person who needs multiple sources of money and credit, who engages in many types of expenditure of which he wishes (or perhaps is obliged) to keep a record and over which he has to keep control, or concerning which he/she is required to report accurately and dependably.
These three card types can be used at terminals interchangeably, that is, they are built to employ the same data transfer technique, the same security system and the same protocol for the exchange of data with a terminal.
Beyond this just characterised freedom of choice, further options would be desirable, namely for the service supplier. Some would prefer a well-defined Reader Unit with a slot into which the card or card device must be entered; others would prefer if a mere approach of the card to a given surface area would execute the intended transaction.
Finally, the card system should offer the user an opportunity to use a card which not only permits the choices cited above but permits him or her to preset the card so that it becomes sensitive to a card terminal at a distance; this would be convenient for self-service parking and toll collection systems.
Design indications for putting together a smartcard payment or record system capable of fulfilling the here outlined requirements can be found in earlier work of this author; examples are GB 1,314,021, GB 2,057,740, GB 2,075,732, USA 3,870,866 and US 3,906,460, GB 2,130,412 and more particularly also the PCT publication W093/02430 which claims three priority documents which originated in 1991.
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 are taken from the original international (PCT) patent application drawings, Figures 5 and 6 are added to aid the explanation only. Figure 8 is derived from the Figure 1 of the current patent GB 2,130,412 and Figure 9 is intended to support the full appreciation of the security role played by portions of the card LSI circuits described in the said GB 2,130,412.
Hereunder is given a brief description of the material: Figure 1 shows the relative position of a card interacting with a low signal emission Reader.
Figure 2 shows a card having a visual data Readout and data entry facilities.
Figure 3 shows a versatile travel and payment pass capable of settling a bill in cash, by debiting to an account, or by using a credit facility (a full description thereof is given in a parallel application, paper No.II).
Figure 4 is in this context only to indicate that the non-contact transfer function could be performed either by induction or capacitively (Figure 7).
Figure 5 shows the other alternative of linking a card to a Reader terminal, namely by placing the card into a slot-like cavity, showing that the card can remain hand held.
Figure 6 is essentially the same as Figure 5, except that the card is furnished with a readout window W.
Figure 7 gives details of a capacitively coupled card.
Figure 8 and Figure 9 emphasise the importance of the security measures, not only for combatting fraudulent attempts of card imitation, but also as a back-up assurance that the data transfer is in no way interfered with, and that the data received in the card are the same as those emitted by the Reader.
As the cited publications are a part of the background to this patent application, no detailed description is needed except for Figures 7, 7a, 7b, 8 and 9.
Figure 7 shows a card which may be thought of as being made of three sandwiched layers.
The Reader Unit has the particularity that they surround the left and right card electrodes.
This is intentional to obtain a good transfer of the full voltage peak potential (the effect of the outer plates is similar to that of a Faraday Cage).
In Figure 8 such a data transfer arrangement is again shown schematically, this time connected to the interface portions (21t and 21c) of the IC in Reader and Card, then to the 22t and 22c respectively portions which control the scrambling/descrambling circuits, and finally to the memory and computing sections 23t and 23c respectively.
The terminal cavity has in addition a circuit group 25 for which there is no equivalent in the card. This is a small but critically important circuit group. It will guard the participants of a transaction from the contingency that there might be some defect in either the card or the spending terminal. Circuit Section 25 is fully described in GB 2,130,412 and this need not be repeated here except to say that it generates a random number which is then recirculated from the unit 25 through the scrambling and interfåce circuits 22t and 21t via the ?? transfer plates a:(a-1) and ss:(B-1) to the card descramble unit, across the 77 coupling to the terminal electronics of section 25. There the two signals are compared and if found identical the process is repeated another three times.If after the fourth time all is well the circuit permits the actual data dialogue to take place and as Figure 9 indicates, the terminal/card pair is declared to be in working order.
The same principle is repeated at the end of the transmission of a DATA PACKAGE. Should only a very small deviation in the text have occurred, say the omission of a comma or of a decimal point, this would already show up as much any major deviation. In that case, the circuit group 25 will cause the entire transmission routine to be repeated. If the data transfer has been perfect this produces an alternative signal from 25 which is transmitted to the card in code form. This code causes the data in the card buffer register to be entered into its nonvolatile memory. This is equivalent to an authentic certification by the Source Station that its own data had been correctly transferred to the receiving station (in this case, a card). The Source Station can be in one case a local computer, but may be also in another town many hundreds of miles away from the transaction locality.

Claims (11)

1. An electronic travel pass System with personal data carriers of various description equipped for non-contact cards are interfacing with P.O.S. terminals, wherein the public has the option to aequire either a plain card-like device, or a card-like device furnished with a low wattage display device in order to show up a residual stored value, or a personal data carrier furnished with data entry buttons and a low wattage display device and wherein each of these card types can successfully be interfaced with the system's other vending terminals due to its employing the same data transfer technology, the same protocols and the same transaction event sequences.
2. An electronic travel pass as in Claim 1 using a card of approximately credit card format wherein only the lower half carries components involved in a transaction, namely capacitive plates or built-in spiral coils whereas the upper half contains a small LCD display device.
3. An electronic travel pass as in claims 2 and 2 wherein both the card and the Reader Unit comprise scrambling/descrambling circuits or corresponding encryption/ decryption circuits or programs for executing scrambling or encryption processes.
4. An electronic travel pass as in Claims 2 to 3 wherein the scramble/descramble circuits follow the design ideas given in GB 2,130,412.
5. An electronic travel pass wherein the terminal outlet of the Accounting System electronics contain a random number comparator circuit which recirculates that number through the scrambling mechanisms of both the outlet terminal and the card one or more times in succession, the comparison result being used for enabling or inhibiting an exchange of data, as well as for certifying the correct execution of a data dialogue or to abort and restart it.
6. (42) A pocket-size electronic travel and commuter pass and a plurality of user systems as in Claim 1, wherein an outlet of one of these systems (i.e. a card reader) contains conductive areas (a-2, ss-2) which surround or nearly surround similar areas (a,ss) in the card when presented to the Reader as in a Faraday Cage, thereby ensuring a near complete transfer of the a.c. voltage potentials applied to the reader.
7. A pocket-size electronic travel and commuter pass and a plurality of user systems as in Claim 1 wherein a user system outlet (i.e. a card reader) contains electro-magnetic radiation elements in order to be received by corresponding electromagnetic receiver elements placed into the card for the non-contact transfer of data and energy to said card.
8. A pocket-size electronic travel and commuter pass and a plurality of user systems as in Claim 1 wherein the transfer means for the data moving between the said pass and said outlet comprise at least one cipher key register, a random data generator and additional means for varying the spacing of data bits in a serial mixture of random and transaction data wherein the data bit spacing is determined in dependence of the parity level of the data present in the cipher register at any one time or of the logic levels of pre-selected bit positions of the said cipher by register at any one time, or in dependence of a logic combination of both.
9. A travel pass system and a plurality of user systems as in Claim 8, wherein the means varying the data bit spacing in a serial mixture of random data and transaction data are additionally co-determined in dependence of the logic levels of the sequentially appearing clear data bits (save the first one) to be transmitted from, or being received in, the said travel pass.
10. A travel pass system and a plurality of user systems as in Claim 8, wherein the said cipher key applied to a pass debiting operation differs from a cipher key applied to a pass crediting operation.
[18 of 2,130,412]
11. A travel pass system and a plurality of user systems as in Claim 1 wherein the specific section of the micro-processor memory in the pass, or a dedicated counter in the pass, is incremented with each debiting operation and whereby each count step represents a fraction of the purchase price of the pass, and the accumulated level of which can be read out by the pass owner's bank during a value update operation, until a preset limit corresponding to a purchase price by instalments is reached.
GB9514611A 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 An electronic travel pass system Expired - Fee Related GB2291729B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9514611A GB2291729B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 An electronic travel pass system

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9115403A GB2258371A (en) 1991-07-17 1991-07-17 A proximity data transfer method and device
GB919115408A GB9115408D0 (en) 1991-07-17 1991-07-17 Versatile personal data carrier and payment instrument
GB919122242A GB9122242D0 (en) 1991-10-19 1991-10-19 Method for transferring data by proximity with limited range,and low-cost personal card device for same
GB9514611A GB2291729B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 An electronic travel pass system
GB9400814A GB2272552B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 Electronic travel pass

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9514611D0 GB9514611D0 (en) 1995-09-13
GB2291729A true GB2291729A (en) 1996-01-31
GB2291729B GB2291729B (en) 1996-04-10

Family

ID=27450717

Family Applications (8)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9514612A Expired - Fee Related GB2291730B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 Method for sending digital data in a noisy environment
GB9514605A Expired - Fee Related GB2291724B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 Communication systems and the "travel pass"
GB9514607A Expired - Fee Related GB2291726B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 Protection against misuse of issued cards
GB9514606A Expired - Fee Related GB2291725B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 An electronic travel pass
GB9514714A Expired - Fee Related GB2291731B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 An electronic travel pass
GB9514611A Expired - Fee Related GB2291729B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 An electronic travel pass system
GB9514609A Expired - Fee Related GB2291727B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 The conventional smart card as a data base for a non-contact "travel pass"
GB9514610A Expired - Fee Related GB2291728B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 A system of revolving cash update for cards through vending terminals

Family Applications Before (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9514612A Expired - Fee Related GB2291730B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 Method for sending digital data in a noisy environment
GB9514605A Expired - Fee Related GB2291724B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 Communication systems and the "travel pass"
GB9514607A Expired - Fee Related GB2291726B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 Protection against misuse of issued cards
GB9514606A Expired - Fee Related GB2291725B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 An electronic travel pass
GB9514714A Expired - Fee Related GB2291731B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 An electronic travel pass

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9514609A Expired - Fee Related GB2291727B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 The conventional smart card as a data base for a non-contact "travel pass"
GB9514610A Expired - Fee Related GB2291728B (en) 1991-07-17 1992-07-16 A system of revolving cash update for cards through vending terminals

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (8) GB2291730B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9514605D0 (en) 1995-09-13
GB2291729B (en) 1996-04-10
GB2291730B (en) 1996-04-10
GB2291730A (en) 1996-01-31
GB9514714D0 (en) 1995-09-20
GB2291724A (en) 1996-01-31
GB9514610D0 (en) 1995-09-13
GB2291727B (en) 1996-04-10
GB2291727A (en) 1996-01-31
GB2291724B (en) 1996-04-10
GB9514609D0 (en) 1995-09-13
GB2291731A (en) 1996-01-31
GB2291726B (en) 1996-04-03
GB2291725B (en) 1996-04-10
GB9514611D0 (en) 1995-09-13
GB9514612D0 (en) 1995-09-13
GB2291726A (en) 1996-01-31
GB9514607D0 (en) 1995-09-13
GB2291725A (en) 1996-01-31
GB2291728A (en) 1996-01-31
GB9514606D0 (en) 1995-09-13
GB2291731B (en) 1996-04-10
GB2291728B (en) 1996-04-10

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Effective date: 19980716