GB2288873A - Multi-component gas analysis apparatus - Google Patents
Multi-component gas analysis apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2288873A GB2288873A GB9408383A GB9408383A GB2288873A GB 2288873 A GB2288873 A GB 2288873A GB 9408383 A GB9408383 A GB 9408383A GB 9408383 A GB9408383 A GB 9408383A GB 2288873 A GB2288873 A GB 2288873A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- sensor
- control chamber
- gases
- sensor according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
- G01N27/4073—Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte
- G01N27/4074—Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte for detection of gases other than oxygen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/417—Systems using cells, i.e. more than one cell and probes with solid electrolytes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The apparatus which measures the concentration of two or more gases such as oxygen and nitric oxide in a gas mixture has at least two compartments 7 and 22 in which the most easily reduced gas is reduced in the first compartment 7 and the next easily reduced gas is reduced in the second compartment 22 and so on until all the gases of interest have been reduced. The reduction is carried out by applying a voltage from sources 9, 19 between electrodes 6, 7 and 17, 18 located on opposite sides of solid electrolyte 4. A voltage of 100 - 200 mV is used for oxygen, 250 - 300 mV for nitric oxide and 800 mV for SO2. The current, as measured by ammeters 8 and 24, required to electrochemically reduce each gaseous component being measured in the gas mixture is directly proportional to the concentration of that gas in the mixture. Gas partial pressures in the cavities 7, 22 can be monitored and the reductions controlled by solid electrolyte gauge sensors 10, 3, 11 and 20, 3, 21. <IMAGE>
Description
Multi-component Gas Analysis APparatus This invention relates to the measurement of oxygen containing gas concentration.
Nitric oxide and several other nitrogen oxides belonging to the group called NOX are toxic gases that produce acid rain among other problems. They are produced primarily by the wide range of combustion processes used in modern society. There is a need for a sensor for detecting NOX that can withstand the high temperatures found in the exhaust outlets of these combustion processes. Sensors constructed from solid electrolytes are robust and ideally suited to high temperature operation which means that they can be used directly in hot exhaust gases as part of a feed-back control loop.
Zirconia is a solid electrolyte that conducts oxygen ions and has been widely used in two basic classes of oxygen sensor: the potentiometric sensor and the amperometric sensor. Figure 1 illustrates the principles of the amperometric sensor. Two electrodes, 2 and 6 are deposited into a zirconia disc 1. Electrode 2 is covered by another disc 3 of any suitable material and separated from this electrode by a suitable separating ring 5. A diffusion pore 4 within disc 3 or ring 5 restricts the flow as gas to electrode 2. Oxygen is electrochemically pumped from electrode 2 to electrode 6 by the application of a current from power source 9. When the applied voltage from power source 9 is less than about 200mV only oxygen is reduced at cathode 2.The pumping current that results and is measured by ammeter 8 is directly proportional to the oxygen concentration and can therefore be used to measure this concentration.
When applied voltage 9 is between about 200 and 300mV nitric oxide is also reduced. The extra current that flows is directly proportional to the NO concentration.
Figure 2 illustrates an extension of the basic amperometric sensor called the pump-gauge sensor. The covering disc 3 is now also made from a solid electrolyte and two extra electrodes 10 and 11 have been added. A pumping current is passed through electrodes 2 and 6 as before and the cell consisting of electrodes 2 and 6 and the electrolyte disc 3 is called the gauge cell. No current flows through the gauge cell so no overvoltages develop on the gauge electrodes 10 and 11. The voltage on the gauge cell measured by voltmeter 14 is a Nernst voltage that reflects the difference in oxygen partial pressure between electrodes 10 and 11. The oxygen partial pressure within the enclosed volume 7 can therefore be determined.
Figure 3 shows how the pump current increases as the gauge voltage increases when the sensor is in a gas mixture containing oxygen, nitric oxide and an inert gas. The plateau in pump current at point A is due to oxygen reduction and that at B due to nitric oxide and oxygen reduction. The obvious way to measure NO concentration is to step between the two gauge voltages represented by points A and B in Figure 3 and measure the difference in pump current. One difficulty with this idea is that it takes several minutes for the pump current to reach steady state due to capacitive effects in the electrodes. The second difficulty is that if the NO concentration is much smaller than the oxygen concentration it is very difficult to measure the relatively small change in pumping current due to NO reduction.
Accordingly, in order to overcome the above difficulties, one aspect of the present invention provides a method a method of detecting the presence of a particular gas in a gas mixture comprising the steps of exposing at least a first electrode to a volume of gas in a control chamber; exposing at least a second electrode to a gas mixture outside the control chamber; selecting and applying a predetermined voltage across the first and second electrodes, which predetermined voltage allows detection of a selected particular gas in the gas mixture.
Further, another aspect of the present invention provides a sensor for detecting the presence of a plurality of gases comprising: a plurality of control chambers each enclosing a volume of gas and having an associated electrode exposable to the respective volume of gas in the respective control chamber; and at least one electrode exposable to a volume of gas outside the control chambers, wherein the application of a selected and predetermined voltage across each electrode associated with a control chamber and the at least one electrode exposable to the volume of gas outside the control chambers detects a particular selected gas in the volume of gas outside the control chambers.
In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, embodiments thereof will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is diagrammatic cross-section of amperometric sensor;
Figure 2 is diagrammatic cross-section of a pumpgauge sensor;
Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between pump current and gauge voltage;
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic cross-section of an embodiment of the present invention; and
Figure 5 is a diagrammatic cross-section of another embodiment of the present invention.
One embodiment of the invention consists of a device with two compartments 7 and 22 separated by dividing partition 15 through which a small diffusion pore 16 is placed as illustrated in Figure 4. Power supply 9 is set to a value typically between about 100 and 200mV so that electrode 2 reduces oxygen only. The pump current measured by ammeter 8 therefore indicates the oxygen concentration.
Gas containing very little free oxygen is passed to the second compartment 22 and power supply 19 is set to supply a slightly higher pumping voltage (typically 250 to 300mV) which allows the reduction of NO. The pump current through electrodes 17 and 18 as measured by ammeter 24 is therefore proportional to the NO concentration. The combined sensor therefore produces two signals, one for oxygen concentration and one for NO concentration with relatively little interference between the two. This increases the sensitivity of the device to NO and because the electrode voltages do not undergo large changes, the slow response due to electrode capacitance effects is removed and sensor response should approach the order of 1 second.
Both compartments in Figure 4 have gauge electrodes: electrodes 10 and 11 for compartment 7 and electrodes 20 and 21 for compartment 22. These are included so that the sensor control circuit can avoid the effects of any overvoltages that could develop on electrodes 2 and 6 in compartment 7 and 17 and 18 in compartment 22. If the gauge voltages are used to control the pumping voltages in each compartment using a suitable control circuit the oxygen activity within the compartments will be more accurately maintained at the desired values.
The principle of the above sensor can be extended to any oxygen containing gas simply by adjusting the gauge voltages in the two compartments. The principle can also be extended to detect more than two gases simultaneously.
Figure 5 shows an alternative layout of the device which has also been extended to detect 3 gases simultaneously.
The gas is passed at a fixed rate down solid electrolyte tube 33 in the direction shown by arrow 25. The gauge voltage on the second stage measured by voltmeter 23 is higher than that on the first stage measured by voltmeter 14 and the third stage has the highest gauge voltage measured by voltmeter 30. For instance to detect 02, NO and SO2 the first gauge voltage, as measured by voltmeter 14, would be set to about 150m V by the application of a suitable voltage from power source 9 to electrodes 2 and 6 such that about 99.9% of the oxygen entering tube 33 is reduced at electrode 2. The resultant current measured by ammeter 8 is a measure of the 02 concentration.Power source 19 supplies a higher voltage to electrodes 17 and 18 so that NO is reduced at electrode 18 and the difference in potential between electrodes 21 and 20 as measured by voltmeter 23 becomes about 300mV. SO2 is reduced in the third stage at electrode 26 by the application of a voltage from power source 29 which sets the potential measured by voltmeter 30 to about 800mV. Thus, three signals, one for each gas, would be obtained from the device.
The principle of the above device could be extended to gases other than oxygen. For instance if an electrolyte in which chlorine ions were most mobile was used, the first compartment could be used to reduce chlorine and the subsequent compartments could be used to reduce chlorine containing gases such as HC1. It is also possible that different compartment could include pump cells using different electrolytes. For instance sulphur dioxide has been shown to interfere with the performance of zirconia amperometric sensors. If the sulphur dioxide was removed in the first compartment using a sulphate solid electrolyte any subsequent compartment using zirconia would be protected. This would also add to the range of gases that could be detected by the one device.
A fifth electrode through which negligible current flows called a reference electrode (13 in Figure 2) could be added to the pump cell of any compartment for the purposes of determining the overvoltages on either or both pumping electrodes. This additional information could be used to aid the analysis of the gas.
Catalytic layers could also be included to aid the detection of different gases. For instance the oxygen potential required to reduce carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide or carbon is very similar to that required to reduce steam to hydrogen. The device as described above could accurately distinguish between CO2 and H2O. However, if the second compartment contained a catalyst layer that promoted the reduction of CO2 but not that of H2O then the second compartment would produce a current signal more representative of the CO2 concentration and the third compartment would reduce H2O almost exclusively. Careful choice of sensor operating temperature will also help in achieving gas concentration signals that have the least cross-sensitivity.
Claims (16)
1. A method of detecting the presence of a particular gas in a gas mixture comprising the steps of exposing at least a first electrode to a volume of gas in a control chamber;
exposing at least a second electrode to a gas mixture outside the control chamber;
selecting and applying a predetermined voltage across the first and second electrodes, which predetermined voltage allows detection of a selected particular gas in the gas mixture.
2. A sensor for detecting the presence of a plurality of gases in a gas mixture comprising:
a plurality of control chambers each enclosing a volume of gas and having an associated electrode exposable to the respective volume of gas in the respective control chamber; and
at least one electrode exposable to a volume of gas outside the control chambers, wherein the application of a selected and predetermined voltage across each electrode associated with a control chamber and the at least one electrode exposable to the volume of gas outside the control chambers detects a particular selected gas in the gas mixture.
3. A sensor according to Claim 2, wherein the control chambers are provided in series and the voltage applied across each electrode associated with a control chamber and the at least one electrode exposable to the volume of gas outside the control chambers increases from one control chamber to the next.
4. A sensor according to Claim 3, wherein each control chamber is separated by a diffusion barrier.
5. A sensor according to any one of Claims 2 to 4, wherein the sensor is a polarographic sensor for oxygencontaining gases such as NO or SO2.
6. A sensor according to any one of Claims 2 to 5, wherein the sensor is a zirconia amperometric sensor.
7. A sensor according to anyone of Claims 2 to 6 for measuring the concentration of a particular gas in a gas mixture, which sensor consists of at least two control chambers, the first connected by a flow control device to a gas mixture being analyzed to reduce electrochemically the particular gas only by the application of a suitable electrochemical pumping voltage to the electrodes on either side of an ion conducting solid electrolyte membrane making up at least part of the wall of the control chamber, the remaining control chambers being connected to the immediately preceding control chamber by a flow control device and which are set up to progressively electrochemically reduce the increasingly stable gases in the gas mixture so that the device produces current signals, the signal from the first control chamber being proportional to the concentration of the particular gas in the gas mixture in the first control chambers and the signals from the succeeding control chamber being proportional to the concentration of the gases being reduced in those control chambers.
8. A sensor according to any one of Claims 2 to 7, wherein a gauge and a pump cell are used in each control chamber in order to bypass the difficulties caused by variable overvoltages on the electrodes and thereby improve the operation of the sensor.
9. A sensor according to any one of Claims 2 to 8, wherein oxygen ions are mobile in the solid electrolyte.
10. A sensor according to any one of Claims 2 to 8, wherein ions other than oxygen are mobile in the electrolyte.
11. A sensor according to any one of Claims 2 to 10, wherein a reference electrode is added to one or more of the control chambers in order to enhance the sensing ability of the sensor.
12. A sensor according to any one of Claims 2 to 11, whereby different materials are used for constructing each of the control chambers in order to increase the selectivity or sensitivity of the sensor to the gases of interest and to increase the range of gases that can be detected by a single sensor device.
13. A sensor according to any one of Claims 2 to 12, wherein catalytic layers are added to any part of any control chamber in the sensor in order to increase the selectivity or sensitivity of the device to the gases of interest and to increase the range of gases that can be detected by a single device.
14. A sensor according to any one of Claims 2 to 13, wherein a heating device is incorporated so that the device can be raised to a suitable operating temperature.
15. A gas sensing device substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
16. Any novel feature or combination of features disclosed herein.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9408383A GB2288873A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Multi-component gas analysis apparatus |
PCT/GB1995/000966 WO1995030146A1 (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-27 | Multi-component gas analysis apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9408383A GB2288873A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Multi-component gas analysis apparatus |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB9408383D0 GB9408383D0 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
GB2288873A true GB2288873A (en) | 1995-11-01 |
Family
ID=10754234
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB9408383A Withdrawn GB2288873A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Multi-component gas analysis apparatus |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2288873A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995030146A1 (en) |
Cited By (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996017242A1 (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1996-06-06 | Roth-Technik Gmbh & Co. Forschung Für Automobil- Und Umwelttechnik | Device and process for determining gaseous components of gas mixtures |
EP0791827A1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-27 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Nitrogen oxide sensor |
EP0791826A1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-27 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Oxide sensor |
EP0791828A1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-27 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Method for measuring nitrogen oxides |
EP0791825A1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-27 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Sensing device for measuring nitrogen oxides |
EP0807818A2 (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 1997-11-19 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Method for measuring nitrogen oxide |
FR2760532A1 (en) * | 1997-03-10 | 1998-09-11 | Denso Corp | SOLID ELECTROLYTE GAS DETECTOR |
FR2764986A1 (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1998-12-24 | Riken Kk | ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSOR OF NITROGEN OXIDE WITH SOLID ELECTROLYTE |
EP0930501A2 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-07-21 | NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. | Method and sensor for measuring NOx concentration |
WO1999057558A1 (en) * | 1998-05-06 | 1999-11-11 | Sem Corporation | Gas sensing assembly |
US5985118A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1999-11-16 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Solid electrolyte gas concentration detector |
EP0981046A1 (en) * | 1998-08-10 | 2000-02-23 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Method for measuring concentration of a component in a gas |
EP0982586A2 (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-03-01 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Carbon monoxide sensor, method for making the same, and method of using the same |
US6036842A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 2000-03-14 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Gas sensor, method for controlling gas sensor, gas concentration controller, and method for controlling gas concentration |
US6071393A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 2000-06-06 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Nitrogen oxide concentration sensor |
US6093294A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 2000-07-25 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Gas sensor and gas concentration controller |
US6149786A (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 2000-11-21 | Ecm Engine Control And Monitoring | Memory device for gaseous emission sensor |
FR2799548A1 (en) * | 1999-10-11 | 2001-04-13 | Armines Ass Pour La Rech Et Le | Detector for reference gas and oxydoreducing component comprises electrodes, in which potential difference across electrodes in atmosphere and reference gas is measured |
EP1172650A2 (en) | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-16 | BW Technologies Limited | Combined toxic gas sensor and oxygen sensor |
US6495027B1 (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2002-12-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrochemical gas sensor and method for determining gas components |
US6517702B2 (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 2003-02-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensor for the analysis of exhaust gases and analysis method |
JP3537983B2 (en) | 1996-03-21 | 2004-06-14 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Gas sensor |
US6824661B2 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2004-11-30 | Ceramphysics, Inc. | Combined oxygen and NOx sensor |
US6923902B2 (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 2005-08-02 | Ngk Spark Plug Co, Ltd. | Methods and apparatus for measuring NOx gas concentration, for detecting exhaust gas concentration and for calibrating and controlling gas sensor |
RU2459309C1 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-08-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Казанский государственный технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева (КГТУ-КАИ) | Method of measuring ion concentration and apparatus for realising said method |
RU2603970C1 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) | Method of measuring concentration of ions |
RU2614157C2 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-03-23 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" | Device for counting ions |
RU180594U1 (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-06-19 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) | DEVICE FOR ION ACCOUNT |
RU2660287C1 (en) * | 2017-10-02 | 2018-07-05 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") | Multi-component gaseous medium in the airtight container state parameters control method |
RU2671833C1 (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-11-07 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) | Device for counting ions |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4340875A1 (en) * | 1993-12-01 | 1995-06-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Oxygen sensor |
US5948964A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1999-09-07 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | NOx sensor and method of measuring NOx |
JP3050781B2 (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 2000-06-12 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Method and apparatus for measuring predetermined gas component in gas to be measured |
JP3631582B2 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2005-03-23 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Gas sensor |
JP3488591B2 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2004-01-19 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Oxide sensor |
JP3544437B2 (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 2004-07-21 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Gas sensor |
JP3332761B2 (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 2002-10-07 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Oxygen concentration / nitrogen oxide concentration measurement method and device |
US6214208B1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 2001-04-10 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for measuring NOx gas concentration |
US6228252B1 (en) * | 1997-02-13 | 2001-05-08 | Ngk Spark Plug Co. Ltd. | Apparatus for detecting concentration of nitrogen oxide |
JP3610182B2 (en) | 1997-03-27 | 2005-01-12 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Gas sensor |
US6224727B1 (en) | 1997-03-28 | 2001-05-01 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | NOx sensor |
JP3876506B2 (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 2007-01-31 | 株式会社デンソー | Gas concentration measuring method and composite gas sensor |
DE19757112C2 (en) | 1997-09-15 | 2001-01-11 | Heraeus Electro Nite Int | Gas sensor |
EP0938666A1 (en) | 1997-09-15 | 1999-09-01 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Gas sensor |
US6309536B1 (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 2001-10-30 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for detecting a functional condition on an NOx occlusion catalyst |
DE69937511T2 (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 2008-09-18 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd., Nagoya | NOx sensor |
EP1890139B1 (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 2012-12-12 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | NOx sensor system with control circuit unit |
JP3896685B2 (en) * | 1998-03-23 | 2007-03-22 | 株式会社デンソー | Air-fuel ratio control device for internal combustion engine |
DE19846487C5 (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2004-12-30 | Basf Ag | Measuring probe for the detection of the instantaneous concentrations of several gas components of a gas |
RU2504760C2 (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2014-01-20 | Виктор Васильевич Рыжаков | Method of measurement for gaseous media polycomposition |
WO2016166126A1 (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-10-20 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet | Gas sensor with multiple internal reference electrodes and sensing electrodes |
CN111896591A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-06 | 北京致感致联科技有限公司 | Self-calibration gas sensor device and calibration method and system thereof |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4576705A (en) * | 1983-05-26 | 1986-03-18 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Apparatus with polarographic sensor to detect concentrations of plurality of gas components |
EP0432649A1 (en) * | 1989-12-12 | 1991-06-19 | Gte Laboratories Incorporated | A method for sensing nitrous oxide |
EP0434085A2 (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-06-26 | ULTRAKUST electronic GmbH | Sensor system |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3173950D1 (en) * | 1981-03-23 | 1986-04-10 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Sensor for oxygen-combustibles gas mixtures |
JPH0672861B2 (en) * | 1986-08-04 | 1994-09-14 | 日本碍子株式会社 | NOx sensor |
EP0517366B1 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1996-04-03 | Ford Motor Company Limited | Method and apparatus for sensing oxides of Nitrogen |
-
1994
- 1994-04-28 GB GB9408383A patent/GB2288873A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-04-27 WO PCT/GB1995/000966 patent/WO1995030146A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4576705A (en) * | 1983-05-26 | 1986-03-18 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Apparatus with polarographic sensor to detect concentrations of plurality of gas components |
EP0432649A1 (en) * | 1989-12-12 | 1991-06-19 | Gte Laboratories Incorporated | A method for sensing nitrous oxide |
EP0434085A2 (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-06-26 | ULTRAKUST electronic GmbH | Sensor system |
Cited By (44)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996017242A1 (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1996-06-06 | Roth-Technik Gmbh & Co. Forschung Für Automobil- Und Umwelttechnik | Device and process for determining gaseous components of gas mixtures |
EP0791827A1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-27 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Nitrogen oxide sensor |
EP0791826A1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-27 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Oxide sensor |
EP0791828A1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-27 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Method for measuring nitrogen oxides |
EP0791825A1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-27 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Sensing device for measuring nitrogen oxides |
US5942190A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1999-08-24 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Oxide sensor |
JP3537983B2 (en) | 1996-03-21 | 2004-06-14 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Gas sensor |
US6036841A (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 2000-03-14 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Method for measuring nitrogen oxide |
EP0807818A2 (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 1997-11-19 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Method for measuring nitrogen oxide |
EP0807818A3 (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 1997-12-10 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Method for measuring nitrogen oxide |
US6306271B1 (en) | 1996-05-16 | 2001-10-23 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Sensor for measuring nitrogen oxide |
US6071393A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 2000-06-06 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Nitrogen oxide concentration sensor |
US6093294A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 2000-07-25 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Gas sensor and gas concentration controller |
US6036842A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 2000-03-14 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Gas sensor, method for controlling gas sensor, gas concentration controller, and method for controlling gas concentration |
US5985118A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1999-11-16 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Solid electrolyte gas concentration detector |
DE19810075B4 (en) * | 1997-03-10 | 2014-12-24 | Denso Corporation | Solid electrolyte gas sensor |
FR2760532A1 (en) * | 1997-03-10 | 1998-09-11 | Denso Corp | SOLID ELECTROLYTE GAS DETECTOR |
US6923902B2 (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 2005-08-02 | Ngk Spark Plug Co, Ltd. | Methods and apparatus for measuring NOx gas concentration, for detecting exhaust gas concentration and for calibrating and controlling gas sensor |
FR2764986A1 (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1998-12-24 | Riken Kk | ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSOR OF NITROGEN OXIDE WITH SOLID ELECTROLYTE |
US6149786A (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 2000-11-21 | Ecm Engine Control And Monitoring | Memory device for gaseous emission sensor |
US6171470B1 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 2001-01-09 | Ecm Engine Control And Monitoring | Method for measuring component of a gaseous emission |
US6254750B1 (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 2001-07-03 | Ecm Engine Control And Monitoring | Exhaust emission sensors |
US6454931B2 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 2002-09-24 | Ecm Engine Control And Monitoring | Method for measuring component of a gaseous emission |
US6444114B2 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 2002-09-03 | Ecm Engine Control And Monitoring | Method for measuring component of a gaseous emission |
EP0930501A3 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 2002-04-24 | NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. | Method and sensor for measuring NOx concentration |
EP0930501A2 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-07-21 | NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. | Method and sensor for measuring NOx concentration |
WO1999057558A1 (en) * | 1998-05-06 | 1999-11-11 | Sem Corporation | Gas sensing assembly |
EP0981046A1 (en) * | 1998-08-10 | 2000-02-23 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Method for measuring concentration of a component in a gas |
US6623617B2 (en) | 1998-08-10 | 2003-09-23 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for measuring concentration of a component in a gas |
EP0982586A2 (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-03-01 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Carbon monoxide sensor, method for making the same, and method of using the same |
EP0982586A3 (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2001-10-24 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Carbon monoxide sensor, method for making the same, and method of using the same |
US6368479B1 (en) | 1998-08-25 | 2002-04-09 | Ngk Insulators Ltd. | Carbon monoxide sensor, method for making the same, and method of using the same |
US6517702B2 (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 2003-02-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensor for the analysis of exhaust gases and analysis method |
US6495027B1 (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2002-12-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrochemical gas sensor and method for determining gas components |
US6824661B2 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2004-11-30 | Ceramphysics, Inc. | Combined oxygen and NOx sensor |
FR2799548A1 (en) * | 1999-10-11 | 2001-04-13 | Armines Ass Pour La Rech Et Le | Detector for reference gas and oxydoreducing component comprises electrodes, in which potential difference across electrodes in atmosphere and reference gas is measured |
EP1172650A3 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2003-01-22 | BW Technologies Limited | Combined toxic gas sensor and oxygen sensor |
EP1172650A2 (en) | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-16 | BW Technologies Limited | Combined toxic gas sensor and oxygen sensor |
RU2459309C1 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-08-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Казанский государственный технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева (КГТУ-КАИ) | Method of measuring ion concentration and apparatus for realising said method |
RU2603970C1 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) | Method of measuring concentration of ions |
RU2614157C2 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-03-23 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" | Device for counting ions |
RU2671833C1 (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-11-07 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) | Device for counting ions |
RU2660287C1 (en) * | 2017-10-02 | 2018-07-05 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") | Multi-component gaseous medium in the airtight container state parameters control method |
RU180594U1 (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-06-19 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) | DEVICE FOR ION ACCOUNT |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9408383D0 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
WO1995030146A1 (en) | 1995-11-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
GB2288873A (en) | Multi-component gas analysis apparatus | |
US5034112A (en) | Device for measuring concentration of nitrogen oxide in combustion gas | |
Göpel et al. | Trends in the development of solid state amperometric and potentiometric high temperature sensors | |
US5397442A (en) | Sensor and method for accurately measuring concentrations of oxide compounds in gas mixtures | |
Zhuiykov et al. | Potentiometric NOx sensor based on stabilized zirconia and NiCr2O4 sensing electrode operating at high temperatures | |
US4670405A (en) | Sensor array for toxic gas detection | |
GB2318874A (en) | Electrochemical sensor for several gases | |
US6342151B1 (en) | Method of using a gas sensor | |
US20070051641A1 (en) | Oxides of nitrogen gas sensors and methods | |
US20060231420A1 (en) | Explosives detection sensor | |
US6808618B2 (en) | Chemical sensing apparatus and methods | |
Maclay et al. | Microfabricated amperometric gas sensors | |
US4591414A (en) | Method of determining methane and electrochemical sensor therefor | |
GB2202053A (en) | Apparatus for measuring combustible gas concentration in flue gas | |
US4321113A (en) | Electronic calibration of electrochemical sensors | |
CZ351896A3 (en) | Process and apparatus for for determining gaseous components in gas mixtures | |
EP0993607B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for measuring the composition of gases using ionically conducting electrolytes | |
Somov et al. | A parallel analysis of oxygen and combustibles in solid electrolyte amperometric cells | |
Schelter et al. | Highly selective solid electrolyte sensor for the analysis of gaseous mixtures | |
US6637197B1 (en) | Method for controlling a rich/lean combustion mixture in a defined manner | |
JPH02297054A (en) | Electrochemical measuring cell for measuring ammonia or hydrazine in gaseous or liquid measuring sample | |
US5281313A (en) | Selective combustible sensor and method | |
US7785457B2 (en) | Sensor element and method for determining ammonia | |
US20060249385A1 (en) | Chemical sensing apparatus | |
Shoemaker et al. | Gas microsensors using cyclic voltammetry with a cermet electrochemical cell |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |