CN111896591A - Self-calibration gas sensor device and calibration method and system thereof - Google Patents
Self-calibration gas sensor device and calibration method and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-calibration gas sensor, which comprises a sensing device body with one or more gas sensors; the probe end of the induction device body is provided with an airflow channel; an air suction device is arranged in the air flow channel and is used for guiding external air flow to flow through the air flow channel; a self-calibration device is arranged in the gas flow channel and used for detecting the measurement accuracy of the gas sensor by releasing test gas; the sensor device provided by the invention can accelerate external airflow to pass through the probe end of the sensor, shorten the sensing time of the sensor and improve the sensing efficiency; the device has a self-calibration function, and the sensor is tested and calibrated by utilizing the quantitative release of the test gas, so that the condition of sensitivity drift of the sensor along with the time is favorably calibrated, and the monitoring sensitivity is improved; the invention also provides a self-calibration method and a self-calibration system, which are beneficial to improving the monitoring accuracy of the sensor, reducing the maintenance cost of the sensor and prolonging the service life of the sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sensor monitoring, in particular to a self-calibration gas sensor device and a calibration method and system thereof.
Background
The gas sensor is used for detecting the components and the content of gas; some important applications of the sensor are to monitor the influence and harm of various gases on the fields of industrial production, home/social safety, environmental monitoring, medical treatment and the like, so that people have higher and higher requirements on the sensitivity, performance and stability of the gas sensor.
Especially, piping lane monitoring management field need set up multiple gas sensor and carry out real-time supervision to gas such as smog, methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide gas, carbon monoxide in the piping lane, comes the safe operation of guarantee piping lane facility.
Generally, the multiple gas sensors in the pipe gallery are integrated into one group in parallel, and the groups are distributed on the top of the pipe gallery or the wall of the pipe gallery according to actual requirements; this conventional design has the following disadvantages:
1. slow induction monitoring: because the pipe gallery is long and the space is large, in order to save the construction cost, the gas sensor group arranged in the pipe gallery often has the problems of insufficient dense layout or sensitive induction performance; meanwhile, the gas in the pipe gallery has poor fluidity, when a fire disaster happens at a certain corner in the pipe gallery or harmful gas leaks in a certain area/position, the gas naturally flows to the position of the sensor, and long time is needed, so that the best time for fire fighting, maintenance, rescue and even escape is probably delayed, and immeasurable harm and loss are caused;
2. performance failure: common faults of the sensor mainly comprise accuracy reduction, drift deviation and fixed deviation; when the sensor has a precision reduction fault, the measurement precision is lower and lower, the measurement performance is poorer and poorer, and the normal use of the sensor is directly influenced; drift failure is that the actual value differs more and more from the measured value of the sensor over time; the fixed deviation is caused by that the difference value between an actual value and a measured value of the sensor is a constant and the processing precision of the sensor is not high; the various faults are easy to cause the sensor to detect inaccurate data, and then the online monitoring of the porch is adversely affected.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a self-calibration gas sensor device, a calibration method and a calibration system thereof, which are beneficial to realizing high-efficiency monitoring of a gas environment and improving monitoring sensitivity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present application includes:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a self-calibrating gas sensor comprising:
an inductive device body having one or more gas sensors; the probe end of the induction device body is provided with an airflow channel;
an air suction device is arranged in the air flow channel and is used for guiding external air flow to flow through the air flow channel;
a self-calibration device is arranged in the gas flow channel and used for detecting the measurement sensitivity of the gas sensor by releasing the test gas.
Further, in the self-calibrating gas sensor described above, the auxiliary calibration means comprises a test gas discharge sheet and a heater sheet, the test gas discharge sheet and the heater sheet being in contact with each other and disposed near the probe end; the heating plate carries out automatic control heating through the host computer.
Further, in the self-calibrating gas sensor, the test gas releasing sheet is a metal hydride and a solid substance capable of releasing gas.
Further, in the self-calibrating gas sensor described above, the gas flow path includes an air inlet, an air outlet, and a communication port disposed on a path between the air inlet and the air outlet; the probe end of the induction device body is connected into the airflow channel from the communication port;
the air suction device is arranged in the airflow channel close to one end of the air inlet and/or the air outlet;
the airflow channel comprises airflow chambers, and each airflow chamber is provided with one communication port; when the airflow chambers are arranged in a plurality of numbers, the adjacent airflow chambers are communicated through a communicating pipe with the pipe diameter smaller than the cross section of the airflow chamber.
Further, the self-calibration gas sensor further comprises an air suction device accommodating chamber for accommodating the air suction device; the air inlet is arranged on one side of the air suction device accommodating chamber, and the air suction device accommodating chamber is communicated with the adjacent airflow chamber through the communicating pipe;
the air suction device accommodating chamber is also used for arranging a smoke sensor.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a self-calibration method for a self-calibration gas sensor, which is used for self-calibrating the self-calibration gas sensor according to any one of the embodiments; comprises that
S1, setting a self-calibration rule related to quantitative calculation of heating release of test gas,
s2, controlling a self-calibration device in the self-calibration gas sensor to start, and enabling a target sensor to correspondingly acquire test gas parameters released by the self-calibration device;
and S3, performing self-calibration calculation according to the self-calibration rule according to the starting parameters of the self-calibration device and the acquired test gas parameters.
Further, in the self-calibration method of the self-calibration gas sensor, in step s1, a self-calibration rule related to quantitative calculation of heating and releasing of the test gas is set, and the method includes:
s11, starting a heating sheet of the self-calibration device by presetting heating time and temperature to obtain test gas released by heating a test gas release sheet;
s12, establishing a linear relation between the heating time and the preset temperature and the test gas to form a quantitative calculation rule of the test gas;
and S13, setting a test strategy to start the self-calibration device and obtain the test gas parameters acquired by the target sensor for the test gas.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a self-calibration system for a self-calibrating gas sensor, comprising:
the sensor device is used for acquiring environmental gas data; comprising an inductive device body having one or more gas sensors; the probe end of the induction device body is provided with an airflow channel; an air suction device is arranged in the air flow channel and is used for guiding external air flow to flow through the air flow channel; a self-calibration device is also arranged in the gas flow channel and used for detecting the measurement sensitivity of the gas sensor by releasing the test gas;
the self-calibration setting module is used for setting a self-calibration rule related to quantitative calculation of heating release of the test gas;
the self-calibration control module is used for controlling a self-calibration device in the sensor device to start and enabling the target sensor to correspondingly acquire test gas parameters released by the self-calibration device;
the self-calibration calculation module is used for carrying out self-calibration calculation according to the self-calibration rule according to the starting parameters of the self-calibration device and the acquired test gas parameters;
the auxiliary control module is used for controlling the air suction device and/or the self-calibration device to work so as to accelerate the acquisition of the self-detection data and/or the environmental gas monitoring data of the sensor device;
the monitoring control module is used for controlling the daily operation of the air suction device through the auxiliary control module so as to assist the sensor device to acquire various gas concentration data of the monitored environment; the module is also used for acquiring the monitored gas concentration data to analyze and process.
Further, in the self-calibration system of the sensor device described above, the air flow passage includes an air inlet, an air outlet, and a communication port provided on a path between the air inlet and the air outlet; the probe end of the induction device body is connected into the airflow channel from the communication port;
the air suction device is arranged in the airflow channel close to one end of the air inlet and/or the air outlet;
the airflow channel comprises airflow chambers, and each airflow chamber is provided with one communication port; when a plurality of airflow chambers are arranged, adjacent airflow chambers are communicated through a communicating pipe with the pipe diameter smaller than the cross section of the airflow chambers;
the auxiliary calibration device comprises a test gas release sheet and a heating sheet, wherein the test gas release sheet and the heating sheet are in contact with each other and are arranged close to the probe end; the heating plate carries out automatic control heating through the host computer.
Further, in the self-calibration system of the sensor device, the self-calibration setting module is specifically configured to:
setting a self-calibration rule for quantitative calculation of heating release of the test gas;
controlling a self-calibration device in the sensor device to start, and enabling a target sensor to correspondingly acquire test gas parameters released by the self-calibration device;
and according to the starting parameters of the self-calibration device and the acquired test gas parameters, carrying out self-calibration calculation according to the self-calibration rule.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the sensor device provided by the invention, the airflow channel and the air suction device are constructed, so that the external airflow passes through the probe end of the sensor device, the sensing time of the sensor can be shortened, and the sensing efficiency is improved; the device is provided with a self-calibration device, and the sensor is tested and calibrated by utilizing the quantitative release of the test gas through the automatic control of an upper computer, so that the condition of sensitivity drift of the sensor along with the time is favorably calibrated, and the monitoring sensitivity is improved;
the invention also provides a self-calibration method for the sensor device, by arranging the self-calibration device, the heating released quantitative test gas is collected by the target sensor and uploaded to the upper computer for calculation and analysis, and self-calibration is carried out, and the method is favorable for realizing automatic calibration of the sensor by a program control mode; meanwhile, the invention also provides a self-calibration system for realizing the method, which can control the air suction device of the sensor device to accelerate the detection and calibration process while carrying out self-calibration on the sensor, has high efficiency and is beneficial to improving the monitoring accuracy of the sensor.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the self-calibrating gas sensor of the present invention in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the self-calibrating gas sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a self-calibration device and a probe end of the self-calibration gas sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a self-calibration method of the self-calibrating gas sensor of the present invention in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a detailed flowchart of step S1. in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a logical block diagram of a self-calibrating gas sensor self-calibration system of the present invention in one embodiment; .
In the drawings, there is shown in the drawings,
1-an inductive device body; 100-a sensor; 101-a probe end; 1001-smoke sensor; 1002-a carbon monoxide sensor; 1003-methane sensor; 1004-carbon dioxide sensor; 1005-a hydrogen sulfide sensor; 1006-Smoke particles
2-an airflow channel; 201-air inlet; 202-an exhaust port; 203-a communication port; 204-a gas flow chamber; 205-a containment chamber; 206-communicating tube; 207-first air absorption device accommodation chamber; 208-a second suction device accommodating chamber;
3-an air suction device; 301-a first fan; 302-a second fan;
4-self-calibration means; 401-test gas release sheet; 402-a heating plate; 403-temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a self-calibrating gas sensor includes:
an induction device body 1 having one or more gas sensors 100; the probe end 101 of the induction device body 1 is configured with an airflow channel 2;
an air suction device 3 is arranged in the air flow channel 2, and the air suction device 3 is used for guiding external air flow to flow through the air flow channel 2;
a self-calibration device 4 is provided in the gas flow channel 2 for detecting the measurement sensitivity of the gas sensor 100 by releasing the test gas.
According to the self-calibration gas sensor, an airflow channel is formed at the probe end of the gas sensor, external airflow is quickly sucked and guided into the channel through the built-in air suction device, the passing speed of the airflow is increased, so that air inside and outside the airflow channel is quickly exchanged to cause disturbance of the external airflow, and the induction time of the gas sensor is shortened when fire or harmful gas leakage occurs; the sensor is further provided with a self-calibration device, and the sensor is tested and calibrated by utilizing the quantitative release of the test gas through the automatic control of the upper computer, so that the condition of sensitivity drift of the sensor along with the time is favorably calibrated, and the monitoring sensitivity is improved; the device is suitable for the monitored environment with slow air flow or large space, such as a pipe gallery, a naval vessel, a ship, a passenger plane, an aerospace cabin, a cinema, a factory building, a shopping center, a classroom, a warehouse, a basement, a subway station and the like; the method is also suitable for scenes with low reaction speed of sensors such as harmful gas sensors and smoke sensors installed in hotel rooms, family rooms and the like.
The self-calibrating gas sensor in the present invention preferably has a plurality of gas sensors such as, but not limited to, gas sensors for detecting the concentrations of smoke, methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide gas, carbon monoxide, etc., respectively; the gas sensors are arranged in parallel to enable monitoring of multiple gases in the environment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the air flow path 2 includes an air inlet 201, an air outlet 202, and a communication port 203 provided on a path between the air inlet 201 and the air outlet 202; the probe end 101 of the sensing device body 1 is connected into the airflow channel 2 from the communication port 203.
In the present invention, the air suction device is disposed in the air flow channel 2 near one end of the air inlet 201 and/or the air outlet 202; when the suction device is activated, an air flow may be directed from the air inlet 201 into the air flow channel 2, through the probe end 101 of each gas sensor 100, and out the air outlet 202.
In one specific example, the self-calibrating gas sensor of the present invention has 5 gas sensors, respectively, a smoke sensor 1001, a carbon monoxide sensor 1002, a methane sensor 1003, a carbon dioxide sensor 1004, and a hydrogen sulfide sensor 1005. At least 4 airflow chambers 204 and a suction device accommodating chamber 205 are formed in the airflow channel 2 corresponding to the number of the gas sensors 100.
Since the conventional smoke sensor 1001 has a different external structure from other gas sensors (1002,1003,1004,1005), the gas sensor (1002,1003,1004,1005) having the same housing as the airflow channel 2 is provided with a uniform communication port 203, and the accommodating space 205 is configured for the smoke sensor 1001 alone or the accommodating space 205 is shared with the suction device 3.
Specifically, each airflow cavity 204 in the airflow channel 2 is provided with one port 203 of the communication; the probe end 101 is used for being correspondingly connected with a carbon monoxide sensor 1002, a methane sensor 1003, a carbon dioxide sensor 1004 and a hydrogen sulfide sensor 1005; the communication port 203 is preferably sealed at a portion in contact with the probe tip 101, so that passage leakage can be prevented to reduce the intensity of disturbance of the internal airflow.
In the plurality of airflow chambers 204, every two adjacent airflow chambers 204 are communicated through a communicating pipe 206 with the pipe diameter smaller than the cross section of the airflow chamber; thus, when the external airflow is guided to flow through the airflow channel 2, since the pipe diameter of the communicating pipe 206 connected to the airflow chamber 204 is significantly smaller than the longitudinal cross section of the airflow chamber 204, the incoming airflow easily flows into the airflow chamber 204 and stays for a short time, which is beneficial for the gas sensor 100 to have sufficient time to sense the concentration of the gas component in the airflow, and the sensing data is more accurate.
And as the preferred embodiment, the positions of the air inlet pipe orifice and the air outlet pipe orifice of any air flow chamber or containing chamber are opposite to each other and kept misplaced, namely not on the same horizontal line or height line, thus under the power action of the air suction device 3, the air flow cannot directly and linearly gush out due to the misplaced air inlet and outlet pipe orifices, turbulent disturbance is caused in the air flow chamber, molecules in the air flow actively flow in the range of the chamber and fully contact with the probe end of the sensor, thus being beneficial to shortening the sensing time, improving the sensing sensitivity and improving the accuracy of the processing result in the subsequent monitoring data processing. Wherein sensitivity means that the desired target is 50PPM, then the final sensor also displays approximately 50 PPM; if the accuracy expected target is 50PPM, the sensor data acquisition processing result is 50.015PPM, and then the sensing is high-accuracy.
The air suction device 3 is a fan, and in this embodiment, a first air suction device accommodating chamber 207 is formed at the end of the air outlet 202, and the first fan 301 is disposed to guide the flow of the whole air flow passage 2. And the foremost end of airflow channel 2, that is, air inlet 201 end, constructs the accommodation space of smoke sensor 1001, makes the air current pass through this smoke sensor earlier and pass through other sensors again, relatively with smoke sensor setting rear end, can avoid crooked airflow channel to filter partial smog granule, reduces smoke sensor's response accuracy.
In another alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the airflow channel 2 is configured with a second suction device housing chamber 208, in which the smoke sensor 1001 (of course, other types of sensors are possible) and the second fan 302 are placed, and the suction device housing chamber, i.e., the entire airflow channel, is suitable for an application scenario with only one sensor; the air inlet 201 is arranged at the front side of the chamber, and the second fan 302 and the air outlet 202 are arranged below the smoke sensor 1001; the fan guides the airflow to enter the smoke sensor, so that the fire condition can be found in time, and the reliability of environment monitoring is improved.
Further, in the self-calibration gas sensor, a self-calibration device 4 is arranged in the gas flow channel 2 and used for detecting the measurement accuracy of the gas sensor by releasing the test gas. In one embodiment, the auxiliary calibration means is provided one by one corresponding to the number of gas sensors, and includes a test gas discharge sheet 401 and a heating sheet 402, the test gas discharge sheet 401 and the heating sheet 402 being in contact with each other and being disposed adjacent to the probe end 101; the heating plate 402 performs automatic control heating by an upper computer.
In implementation, referring to fig. 3, the test gas releasing sheet 401 is a sheet formed by pressing metal hydride, the heating sheet 402 is also an electric heating sheet, and a temperature sensor 403 is integrated, which can collect the temperature of the heating sheet 402; the test gas releasing sheet 401, the heating sheet 402 and the temperature sensor 403 are pressed into a whole, and the heating sheet 402 and the temperature sensor 403 can be electrically connected to a controller of a sensor to be calibrated (namely, a target sensor) so as to realize data transmission with an upper computer; or the plurality of self-calibration devices are uniformly provided with a microcontroller which is in communication connection with an upper computer to realize data transmission; the heating piece can be started to heat under the control of the upper computer, the temperature sensor can upload temperature acquisition data of the heating piece to the upper computer, feedback control over the heating piece is achieved, the heating piece achieves preset heating time and heating temperature, and the purpose of quantitatively acquiring test gas is achieved.
Preferably, the test gas release sheet is binary or ternary metal hydride such as nickel-metal hydride, nickel-chromium hydride, magnesium-nickel hydride, nickel-iron hydride, nickel-cobalt hydride and the like, or the test gas release sheet can also adopt other solid substances capable of releasing test gas, and if the test gas release sheet corresponds to a carbon dioxide gas sensor, the test gas release sheet adopts a solid substance capable of releasing a dioxide gas. In the case of a hydrogen sulfide gas sensor, the test gas releasing sheet is capable of releasing solid substances of hydrogen sulfide gas.
The self-calibration principle of the invention preferably adopting hydrogen as the test gas is as follows: most gas sensors are sensitive to hydrogen because the semiconductor materials used in gas sensors are mostly oxides, such as SnO2，ZnO,In2O3Active hydrogen free radicals overflow to the surface of the semiconductor to be reacted with adsorbed oxygen to generate water, and the reaction causes the change of an electric signal of the gas sensor, so that the change can be used as a detection parameter of hydrogen contacting the surface; in the embodiment, the calibrated hydrogen only needs 10-50PPM, the release amount of the hydrogen is set by a microcontroller of an upper computer or a self-calibration device, namely the heating time and the temperature of a heating sheet are set, the metal hydride sheet is heated to obtain quantitative hydrogen which is released to a probe end, and the probe end obtains an actual test value;
the corresponding relation standard value (namely an experimental value) of the working parameter of the heating sheet and the concentration value of the released hydrogen is stored in a microcontroller of the upper computer or the self-calibration device, the obtained actual test value is compared with the standard value, whether the accuracy of the sensor is reduced or not is determined through analysis, if the accuracy of the sensor is reduced, the follow-up daily monitoring data can be compensated according to the comparison difference value, and accurate monitoring data are obtained.
Example 2
The invention also provides a self-calibration method of the sensor device, which is used for self-calibrating the sensor device in the embodiment 1; as shown in fig. 4, the method includes the steps of:
s1, setting a self-calibration rule related to quantitative calculation of heating release of test gas,
s2, controlling a self-calibration device in the self-calibration gas sensor to start, and enabling a target sensor to correspondingly acquire test gas parameters released by the self-calibration device;
and S3, performing self-calibration calculation according to the self-calibration rule according to the starting parameters of the self-calibration device and the acquired test gas parameters.
The method aims to realize the self-calibration of the sensor on line after the sensor is put into use, and one specific embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 5, in step s1, a self-calibration rule is set for quantitative calculation of the heating release of the test gas, including:
s11, starting a heating sheet of the self-calibration device by presetting heating time and temperature to obtain test gas released by heating a test gas release sheet;
this section is the settings: the heating sheet is enabled to reach the preset heating time and the heating temperature, and the purpose of quantitatively obtaining the test gas is achieved, so that the method further comprises the step S12 of establishing a linear relation between the heating time and the preset temperature and the test gas, and forming a quantitative calculation rule of the test gas;
and S13, setting a test strategy to start the self-calibration device and obtain the test gas parameters acquired by the target sensor for the test gas.
The step is realized based on the self-calibration device, and the self-calibration principle of the invention is as follows: most gas sensors are sensitive to hydrogen because the semiconductor materials used in gas sensors are mostly oxides, such as SnO2，ZnO,In2O3Active hydrogen free radicals overflow to the surface of the semiconductor to be reacted with adsorbed oxygen to generate water, and the reaction causes the change of an electric signal of the gas sensor, so that the change can be used as a detection parameter of hydrogen contacting the surface; in the embodiment, the calibrated hydrogen only needs 10-50PPM, the release amount of the hydrogen is set by a microcontroller of an upper computer or a self-calibration device, namely the heating time and the temperature of a heating sheet are set, the metal hydride sheet is heated to obtain quantitative hydrogen which is released to a probe end, and the probe end obtains an actual test value;
the corresponding relation standard value (namely an experimental value) of the working parameter of the heating sheet and the concentration value of the released hydrogen is stored in a microcontroller of the upper computer or the self-calibration device, the obtained actual test value is compared with the standard value, whether the accuracy of the sensor is reduced or not is determined through analysis, if the accuracy of the sensor is reduced, the follow-up daily monitoring data can be compensated according to the comparison difference value, and accurate monitoring data are obtained.
In the daily operation process, the method also comprises the following steps: the upper computer sets a program to control the daily operation of the fan, and the auxiliary sensor device collects the concentration conditions of various gases in the monitored environment (such as a pipe gallery) and uploads the concentration conditions to the upper computer for analysis and processing;
at intervals, the upper computer controls to execute the self-calibration process, namely steps S2-S3;
analyzing whether each gas sensor of the self-calibration gas sensor has sensitivity drift or accuracy reduction or not by comparing an actual test value acquired in a self-calibration process with a standard value prestored in a system;
if the difference exists, the follow-up daily monitoring data can be compensated according to the comparison difference, and accurate monitoring data can be obtained.
The method is favorable for realizing the automatic calibration of the sensor through a program control mode, does not need to excessively modify the hardware equipment structure of the sensor in the whole process, has low cost but good calibration effect, is favorable for realizing the on-line self-calibration in the running process, and improves the monitoring accuracy of a daily monitoring system.
Example 3
The present invention also provides a self-calibration gas sensor self-calibration system, as shown in fig. 6, including:
the sensor device is used for acquiring environmental gas data; comprising an inductive device body having one or more gas sensors; the probe end of the induction device body is provided with an airflow channel; an air suction device is arranged in the air flow channel and is used for guiding external air flow to flow through the air flow channel; a self-calibration device is also arranged in the gas flow channel and used for detecting the measurement sensitivity of the gas sensor by releasing the test gas;
the self-calibration setting module is used for setting a self-calibration rule related to quantitative calculation of heating release of the test gas;
the self-calibration control module is used for controlling a self-calibration device in the sensor device to start and enabling the target sensor to correspondingly acquire test gas parameters released by the self-calibration device;
the self-calibration calculation module is used for carrying out self-calibration calculation according to the self-calibration rule according to the starting parameters of the self-calibration device and the acquired test gas parameters;
the auxiliary control module is used for controlling the air suction device and/or the self-calibration device to work so as to accelerate the acquisition of the self-detection data and/or the environmental gas monitoring data of the sensor device;
the monitoring control module is used for controlling the daily operation of the air suction device so as to assist the sensor device to acquire various gas concentration data of the monitored environment; the module is also used for acquiring the monitored gas concentration data to analyze and process.
The system is realized by depending on software and hardware structures, wherein a self-calibration setting module, a self-calibration control module, a self-calibration calculation module, an auxiliary control module and a monitoring control module are mainly loaded in a Central Processing Unit (CPU) of an upper computer in a program code mode; the host computer as data processing device with sensor device establishes wired or wireless mode's communication connection, and the host computer can acquire sensor device's data and carry out piping lane environment on-line monitoring management and self calibration control, can output the fan start of instruction control sensor module simultaneously, shortens induction time, does benefit to when taking place the gas disaster condition, in time holds the processing opportunity, avoids causing personal property loss.
In a specific embodiment, the gas sensor is self-calibrated, an airflow channel 2 is formed at a probe end 101 of the gas sensor 100, and external airflow is quickly sucked and guided into the channel through a built-in air suction device 3, so that the speed of the airflow passing through is increased, air inside and outside the airflow channel is quickly exchanged, disturbance of the external airflow is caused, and the induction time of the gas sensor is shortened when fire or harmful gas leakage occurs.
The sensor device in the present invention preferably has a plurality of gas sensors such as gas sensors for detecting the concentrations of smoke, methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide gas, carbon monoxide, and the like, respectively, but is not limited thereto; the gas sensors are arranged in parallel to enable monitoring of multiple gases in the environment.
The airflow passage 2 includes an intake port 201, an exhaust port 202, and a communication port 203 provided on a path between the intake port 201 and the exhaust port 202; the probe end 101 of the sensing device body 1 is connected into the airflow channel 2 from the communication port 203.
The air suction device is arranged in the air flow channel 2 close to one end of the air inlet 201 and/or the air outlet 202; when the air suction device 3 is controlled and started by an upper computer, air flow can be guided to enter the air flow channel 2 from the air inlet 201, flow through the probe end 101 of each gas sensor 100 and then be discharged from the air outlet 202.
The upper computer can flexibly control the operation condition of the sensor device by presetting the working time, the operation speed and the like of the air suction device through the auxiliary control module.
In one specific example, in conjunction with fig. 1-3, the sensor device of the present invention has 5 gas sensors, respectively a smoke sensor 1001, a carbon monoxide sensor 1002, a methane sensor 1003, a carbon dioxide sensor 1004, and a hydrogen sulfide sensor 1005. At least 4 airflow chambers 204 and a suction device accommodating chamber 205 are formed in the airflow channel 2 corresponding to the number of the gas sensors 100.
Since the conventional smoke sensor 1001 has a different external structure from other gas sensors (1002,1003,1004,1005), the gas sensors having the same housing as the airflow channel are provided with the uniform communication port 203, and the accommodating space 205 is separately configured for the smoke sensor 1001 or the accommodating space 205 is shared with the suction device 3.
Specifically, each airflow cavity 204 in the airflow channel 2 is provided with one port 203 of the communication; the probe end 101 is used for being correspondingly connected with a carbon monoxide sensor 1002, a methane sensor 1003, a carbon dioxide sensor 1004 and a hydrogen sulfide sensor 1005; the communication port 203 is preferably sealed at a portion in contact with the probe tip 101, so that passage leakage can be prevented to reduce the intensity of disturbance of the internal airflow.
In the plurality of airflow chambers 204, every two adjacent airflow chambers 204 are communicated through a communicating pipe 206 with the pipe diameter smaller than the cross section of the airflow chamber; thus, when the external airflow is guided to flow through the airflow channel 2, since the pipe diameter of the communicating pipe 206 connected to the airflow chamber 204 is significantly smaller than the longitudinal cross section of the airflow chamber 204, the incoming airflow easily flows into the airflow chamber 204 and stays for a short time, which is beneficial for the gas sensor 100 to have sufficient time to sense the concentration of the gas component in the airflow, and the sensing data is more accurate.
And as the preferred embodiment, the positions of the air inlet pipe orifice and the air outlet pipe orifice of any air flow chamber or containing chamber are opposite to each other and are kept dislocated, namely not on the same horizontal line or height line, thus under the power action of the air suction device 3, the air flow cannot directly and linearly gush out due to the dislocation of the air inlet pipe orifice and the air outlet pipe orifice, turbulent disturbance is caused in the air flow chamber, molecules in the air flow actively flow in the range of the chamber and fully contact with the probe end of the sensor, the sensing time is favorably shortened, and the sensing sensitivity is improved.
The air suction device 3 is a fan, and in this embodiment, in combination with fig. 2, a first air suction device accommodating chamber 207 is formed at the end of the air outlet 202, and a first fan 301 is disposed to guide the flow of the whole air flow passage 2. And the foremost end of airflow channel 2, that is, air inlet 201 end, constructs the accommodation space of smoke sensor 1001, makes the air current pass through this smoke sensor earlier and pass through other sensors again, relatively with smoke sensor setting rear end, can avoid crooked airflow channel to filter partial smog granule 1006, reduces smoke sensor's response degree of accuracy.
Further, in the self-calibration gas sensor, a self-calibration device 4 is arranged in the gas flow channel 2 and used for detecting the measurement accuracy of the gas sensor by releasing the test gas. In one embodiment, the auxiliary calibration means is provided one by one corresponding to the number of gas sensors, and includes a test gas discharge sheet 401 and a heating sheet 402, the test gas discharge sheet 401 and the heating sheet 402 being in contact with each other and being disposed adjacent to the probe end 101; the heating plate 402 performs automatic control heating by an upper computer.
In implementation, the test gas release sheet 401 is a sheet formed by pressing metal hydride, the heating sheet 402 is also an electric heating sheet, and the temperature sensor 403 is integrated, so that the temperature of the heating sheet 402 can be acquired; the test gas releasing sheet 401, the heating sheet 402 and the temperature sensor 403 are pressed into a whole, and the heating sheet 402 and the temperature sensor 403 can be electrically connected to a controller of a sensor to be calibrated (namely, a target sensor) so as to realize data transmission with an upper computer; or the plurality of self-calibration devices are uniformly provided with a microcontroller which is in communication connection with an upper computer to realize data transmission; the heating piece can be started to heat under the control of the upper computer, the temperature sensor can upload temperature acquisition data of the heating piece to the upper computer, feedback control over the heating piece is achieved, the heating piece achieves preset heating time and heating temperature, and the purpose of quantitatively acquiring test gas is achieved.
Preferably, the test gas release sheet is binary or ternary metal hydride such as nickel-metal hydride, nickel-chromium hydride, magnesium-nickel hydride, nickel-iron hydride, nickel-cobalt hydride and the like.
The self-calibration principle of the invention is as follows: most gas sensors are sensitive to hydrogen, because the semiconductor materials adopted by the gas sensors are mostly oxides, such as SnO2, ZnO and In2O3, active hydrogen radicals overflow to the surface of a semiconductor to react with adsorbed oxygen to generate water, and the reaction causes the change of an electric signal of the gas sensor, namely the change can be used as a detection parameter of the hydrogen contacting the surface; in the embodiment, the calibrated hydrogen only needs 10-50PPM, the release amount of the hydrogen is set by a microcontroller of an upper computer or a self-calibration device, namely the heating time and the temperature of a heating sheet are set, the metal hydride sheet is heated to obtain quantitative hydrogen which is released to a probe end, and the probe end obtains an actual test value;
the corresponding relation standard value (namely an experimental value) of the working parameter of the heating sheet and the concentration value of the released hydrogen is stored in a microcontroller of the upper computer or the self-calibration device, the obtained actual test value is compared with the standard value, whether the sensitivity of the sensor drifts or the accuracy of the sensor is reduced or not is determined through analysis, and if the sensitivity drifts or the accuracy of the sensor is reduced, the follow-up daily monitoring data can be compensated according to the comparison difference value, so that accurate monitoring data can be obtained.
Further, the self-calibration setting module in the self-calibration system of the sensor device is specifically configured to:
setting a self-calibration rule for quantitative calculation of heating release of the test gas;
controlling a self-calibration device in the sensor device to start, and enabling a target sensor to correspondingly acquire test gas parameters released by the self-calibration device;
and according to the starting parameters of the self-calibration device and the acquired test gas parameters, carrying out self-calibration calculation according to the self-calibration rule.
The function and principle of the module can be specifically described with reference to the self-calibration method in embodiment 2, and are not described again.
When the system works, each gas sensor collects each gas concentration data of the detected environment, and the data are uploaded to an upper computer after signal conditioning and A/D conversion; the upper computer monitoring control module sets a program to control the daily operation of an air suction device (fan) so as to assist the sensor device to efficiently acquire various gas concentration data; analyzing and processing the acquired and monitored gas concentration data to achieve the monitoring and management of the detected environments such as a pipe gallery and the like;
at intervals (such as half a year), the upper computer controls the self-calibration gas-sensitive sensor to execute a self-calibration process through the corresponding module, and the problem that whether sensitivity drift or accuracy reduction occurs to each sensor of the sensor device is analyzed and compared;
if the difference exists, the follow-up daily monitoring data can be compensated according to the comparison difference, and accurate monitoring data can be obtained.
The system can control the air suction device of the sensor device to accelerate the detection and calibration process while carrying out self calibration on the sensor, has high efficiency, and is beneficial to improving the monitoring accuracy of the sensor.
Implementations of the invention and all of the functional operations provided herein may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer software, firmware, or hardware, including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents, or in combinations of one or more of them. Implementations of the present disclosure may be implemented as one or more computer program products, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on a computer-readable medium for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus. The computer readable medium can be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storage substrate, a memory device, a composition of matter effecting a machine-readable propagated signal, or a combination of one or more of them. The term "data processing apparatus" encompasses all apparatus, devices, and machines for processing data, including by way of example a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple processors or computers. The apparatus can include, in addition to hardware, code that creates an execution environment for the described computer program, e.g., code that constitutes processor firmware, a protocol stack, a database management system, an operating system, or a combination of one or more of them.
A computer program (also known as a program, software application, script, or code) can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program does not necessarily correspond to a file in a file system. A program can be stored in a portion of a file that holds other programs or data (e.g., one or more scripts stored in a markup language document), in a single file dedicated to the program in question, or in multiple coordinated files (e.g., files that store one or more modules, sub programs, or portions of code). A computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A self-calibrating gas sensor, comprising:
an inductive device body having one or more gas sensors; the probe end of the induction device body is provided with an airflow channel;
an air suction device is arranged in the air flow channel and is used for guiding external air flow to flow through the air flow channel;
a self-calibration device is arranged in the gas flow channel and used for detecting the measurement sensitivity of the gas sensor by releasing the test gas.
2. The self-calibrating gas sensor of claim 1, wherein the secondary calibration device comprises a test gas release tab and a heat tab, the test gas release tab and the heat tab being in contact with each other and disposed proximate to the probe end; the heating plate carries out automatic control heating through the host computer.
3. The self-calibrating gas sensor of claim 2, wherein the test gas release sheet is a metal hydride and a solid substance capable of releasing a gas.
4. The self-calibrating gas sensor of claim 1, wherein the gas flow channel comprises an inlet port, an outlet port, and a communication port disposed on a path between the inlet port and the outlet port; the probe end of the induction device body is connected into the airflow channel from the communication port;
the air suction device is arranged in the airflow channel close to one end of the air inlet and/or the air outlet;
the airflow channel comprises airflow chambers, and each airflow chamber is provided with one communication port; when the airflow chambers are arranged in a plurality of numbers, the adjacent airflow chambers are communicated through a communicating pipe with the pipe diameter smaller than the cross section of the airflow chamber.
5. The self-calibrating gas sensor of claim 4, further comprising an air suction device receiving chamber for receiving the air suction device; the air inlet is arranged on one side of the air suction device accommodating chamber, and the air suction device accommodating chamber is communicated with the adjacent airflow chamber through the communicating pipe;
the air suction device accommodating chamber is also used for arranging a smoke sensor.
6. A self-calibration method of a self-calibration gas sensor, which is used for self-calibrating the self-calibration gas sensor of any one of claims 1 to 5; which is characterized by comprising
S1, setting a self-calibration rule related to quantitative calculation of heating release of test gas,
s2, controlling a self-calibration device in the self-calibration gas sensor to start, and enabling a target sensor to correspondingly acquire test gas parameters released by the self-calibration device;
and S3, performing self-calibration calculation according to the self-calibration rule according to the starting parameters of the self-calibration device and the acquired test gas parameters.
7. The self-calibration method for the gas sensor according to claim 6, wherein in step S1, a self-calibration rule is set for the quantitative calculation of the heating release of the test gas, comprising:
s11, starting a heating sheet of the self-calibration device by presetting heating time and temperature to obtain test gas released by heating a test gas release sheet;
s12, establishing a linear relation between the heating time and the predicted temperature and the test gas to form a quantitative calculation rule of the test gas;
and S13, setting a test strategy to start the self-calibration device and obtain the test gas parameters acquired by the target sensor for the test gas.
8. A self-calibrating gas sensor self-calibration system, comprising:
the sensor device is used for acquiring environmental gas data; comprising an inductive device body having one or more gas sensors; the probe end of the induction device body is provided with an airflow channel; an air suction device is arranged in the air flow channel and is used for guiding external air flow to flow through the air flow channel; a self-calibration device is also arranged in the gas flow channel and used for detecting the measurement sensitivity of the gas sensor by releasing the test gas;
the self-calibration setting module is used for setting a self-calibration rule related to quantitative calculation of heating release of the test gas;
the self-calibration control module is used for controlling a self-calibration device in the sensor device to start and enabling the target sensor to correspondingly acquire test gas parameters released by the self-calibration device;
the self-calibration calculation module is used for carrying out self-calibration calculation according to the self-calibration rule according to the starting parameters of the self-calibration device and the acquired test gas parameters;
the auxiliary control module is used for controlling the air suction device and/or the self-calibration device to work so as to accelerate the acquisition of the self-detection data and/or the environmental gas monitoring data of the sensor device;
the monitoring control module is used for controlling the daily operation of the air suction device through the auxiliary control module so as to assist the sensor device to acquire various gas concentration data of the monitored environment; the module is also used for acquiring the monitored gas concentration data to analyze and process.
9. The self-calibrating gas sensor self-calibration system of claim 8, wherein the gas flow channel comprises an inlet port, an exhaust port, and a communication port disposed on a path between the inlet port and the exhaust port; the probe end of the induction device body is connected into the airflow channel from the communication port;
the air suction device is arranged in the airflow channel close to one end of the air inlet and/or the air outlet;
the airflow channel comprises airflow chambers, and each airflow chamber is provided with one communication port; when a plurality of airflow chambers are arranged, adjacent airflow chambers are communicated through a communicating pipe with the pipe diameter smaller than the cross section of the airflow chambers;
the auxiliary calibration device comprises a test gas release sheet and a heating sheet, wherein the test gas release sheet and the heating sheet are in contact with each other and are arranged close to the probe end; the heating plate carries out automatic control heating through the host computer.
10. The self-calibrating gas sensor self-calibration system of claim 9, wherein the self-calibration setting module is specifically configured to:
setting a self-calibration rule for quantitative calculation of heating release of the test gas;
controlling a self-calibration device in the sensor device to start, and enabling a target sensor to correspondingly acquire test gas parameters released by the self-calibration device;
and according to the starting parameters of the self-calibration device and the acquired test gas parameters, carrying out self-calibration calculation according to the self-calibration rule.
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Application publication date: 20201106 |