GB2277939A - Woven fabric for ink ribbon - Google Patents
Woven fabric for ink ribbon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2277939A GB2277939A GB9309813A GB9309813A GB2277939A GB 2277939 A GB2277939 A GB 2277939A GB 9309813 A GB9309813 A GB 9309813A GB 9309813 A GB9309813 A GB 9309813A GB 2277939 A GB2277939 A GB 2277939A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- twist yarns
- ink ribbon
- yarns
- ribbon
- twist
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J31/00—Ink ribbons; Renovating or testing ink ribbons
- B41J31/02—Ink ribbons characterised by the material from which they are woven
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/41—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific twist
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J32/00—Ink-ribbon cartridges
- B41J32/02—Ink-ribbon cartridges for endless ribbons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D3/00—Woven fabrics characterised by their shape
- D03D3/005—Tapes or ribbons not otherwise provided for
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Impression-Transfer Materials And Handling Thereof (AREA)
Description
2277939 GROUND FABRIC FOR INK RIBBON, INK RIBBON USING THE GROUND FABRIC,
AND AN INK RIBBON CASSETTE HAVING THE INK RIBBON
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an ink ribbon, a ground fabric for use in the ink ribbon, and a cassette having the ink ribbon. The ground fabric is a plain weave fabric having warp extending in a runnins direction of the ink ribbon and weft extending transversely of the running direction. The ink ribbon has this ground fabric soaked with ink, and is held between a drive roll and a driven roll to run with rotation of the drive roll.
2. DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
The above ink ribbon is formed. for example, by cutting a broad -ground fabric along the warp to a desired width. The cut portions are fused by heating to form ears. The opposite ends of the ground fabric.
are fused together by heating to form an endless structure which is then soaked with ink. In use, this ink ribbon is mounted in a printer pro.,ided for a computer, word processor or the like.
Conventionally, this type of endless ink ribbon, -1 as shown in Fig. 4, has a ground fabric 10 of plain weave structure including warp 3 extending in the running direction and weft 4 extending transversely of the running direction. The warp 3 is twisted in a fixed direction in order to enhance strength of the fabric and impregnation by the ink.
In the endless ink ribbon manufactured by using the ground fabric having the above conventional structure, all the threads of the warp are twisted in the fixed direction. Consequently, when the drive roll and pinch roll apply drive to the ink ribbon, the drive roll may slip slightly relative to the ink ribbon. The twisting direction of the warp (which extends in the running direction) of the ink ribbon produces a component of force to displace the ink ribbon transversely. Thus, the conventional structure has the disadvantage that the ink ribbon tends to move sideways relative to the drive roll and pinch roll.
That is, the drive roll on which the ink ribbon is wound may slishtly slip relative to the ink ribbon during a run of the ink ribbon. As a result, the ink ribbon runs slightly slower than a peripheral speed of the dri,,-e roll, and shifts upstream with respect to the running direction of the ribbon relative to the periplieral surface of the drive roll. However, where 2- the warp of the ink ribbon contacting the peripheral surface of the drive roll is twisted in a direction away from a bottom plane of a running track of the ribbon as the warp extends upstream with respect to the running direction of the ink ribbon, the ribbon shifts relative to the peripheral surface of the drive roll in a direction to diminish a contact resistance, i.e. in the direction along the warp contacting the peripheral surface of the drive roll. Consequently, the ink ribbon is guided in a direction to rise from the bottom plane of the running track.
Where the warp of the ink ribbon contacting the peripheral surface of the drive roll is twisted in a direction toward the bottom plane of the running track as the warp extends upstream with respect to the running direction of the ink ribbon, the ribbon shifts relative to the peripheral surface of the drive roll in a direction to diminish a contact resistance, i.e. in the direction along the warp contacting the perLpheral surface of the drive roll. Consequently,the ink ribbon is guided in a direction to come into sliding contact with the bottom plane of the runnintz track.
In either case, an increased resistance acts on the rtinriin, ink ribbon to increase a load of dri,,-iiic the ribbon. An upper edge or lower edge of the ink ribbon is pressed hard on the top plane or bottom plane of the running track, whereby the ribbon may be worn quickly. Further, the vertical displacement of the ink ribbon may prevent the ribbon from folding in a predetermined way, thereby causing ribbon jamming.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made having regard to the state of the art noted above, and its object is to provide an ink ribbon and a ground fabric for use in the ink ribbon, in which the warp is arranged in a way to cheek displacement during a run of the ink ribbon transversely of a running track.
The above object is fulfilled, according to the present invention, by an ink ribbon having a ground fabric comprising warp including a plurality of yarns extending in a running direction of the ink ribbon, and weft extending transversely of the running direction and interlaced through the warp to form a. plain weave structure. The ground fabric is soaked with ink, and held between a drive roll and a driven roll to run with rotation of the drive roll. The yarns of the warp include S twist yarns and Z twist varns liaviri,,zr substantially the same number of twists.
the S twist yarns and the Z twist yarns being arranged substantially evenly across of the ink ribbon.
In another aspect of the invention, a ground fabric for use in an ink ribbon is provided, which comprises warp including a plurality of yarns extending in a running direction of the ink ribbon, and weft extending transversely of the running direction and interlaced through the warp to form a plain weave structure. The yarns of the warp include S twist yarns and Z twist yarns having substantially the same number of twists, the S twist yarns and the Z twist yarns being arranged substantially evenly across of the ink ribbon.
The present invention provides the following functions and effects.
The warp forming the ground fabric for use in an ink ribbon includes S twist yarns and Z twist yarns having substantially the same number of twists. Threads constituting the S twist yarns and those constituting the Z twist yarns contact the peripheral. surface of the drive roll in directions symmetric about a line extending along a running direction of the ribbon. Moreover, the S twist yarns and Z twist yarns are arranged substantially evenly across of the ink ribbon. When the drive roll slips relative to the ink ribbon, a mutual cancellation and balance occurs between components of force produced by the directions of contact and tending to shift the ink ribbon transversely thereof.
Thus, an endless ink ribbon using this ground fabric does not easily shift transversely during a run. The ink ribbon is prevented from contacting top or bottom surfaces inside a cassette case. The ink ribbon runs with a reduced resistance, and the load of driving the ink ribbon is also reduced. An upper edge or lower edge of the ink ribbon is protected from early wear or damage. In particular, a predetermined folding force is properly applied to the ink ribbon to diminish the possibility of ribbon jamming.
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fign. 1 is an enlarged view of a portion of a ground fabric for use in an ink ribbon, ig is a conceptual view of the ink ribbon g. 2 during a run, A Fig. 3 is a plan view showing an interior of an ink ribbon cassette, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of a conventional ground fabric for use in an ink ribbon.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A ground fabric for use in an ink ribbon, an ink ribbon using this ground fabric, and a cassette having the ink ribbon according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 3 shows a ribbon cassette for mounting in a printer (not shown) provided for a computer, work processor or the like. An ink ribbon R is placed in a cassette case 5. The cassette case 5 comprises a combination of a box-like plastic case 5a having a top opening and a plastic cover case 5b closing the top opening. The cassette case 5 includes a ribbon storage 6 dispo.sed in a ribbon running track for storing the ink ribbon R in a folded state, a printing section 7 opposed to a print plane, ribbon guides & for contacting the ink ribbon R and guiding, the ribbon R along the running track from an outlet of the ribbon storage 6 through the printing section 7 to an inlet of the ribbon storage 6, and a ribbon drive 9 for catisinc,,,, the ink ribbon R to run in a circuit throuúh the ribbon storage 6 and printing section 7.
The ribbon drive 9 is disposed at the outlet of the ribbon storage 6, and includes a feed roll 11 acting as a drive roll rotatable by drive applied from the printer, and a pinch roll 12 acting as a driven roll rotatable with the feed roll 11. The ink ribbon R, pressed on the feed roll 11 by the pinch roll 12, is pulled out through the outlet of the ribbon storage 6 with rotation of the feed roll 11 to run substantially horizontally under guiding action of the ribbon guides 8. After passing through the printing section 7, the ink ribbon R is pushed in through the inlet of the ribbon storage 6 and contained in a folded state therein.
As shown in Fig. 2, the feed roll 11 has a turn knob 13 formed integral therewith and projecting outwardly of the cassette case 5. Any looseness of the ink ribbon R-ma.y be eliminated by manually turning this knob 13.
The ribbon guides 8 include a plurality of guide surfaces formed on a pair of left and right guiding arms 5c and 5d to contact the ink ribbon R. These -ruidincl arms 5c and 5d define the printing section 7 C m!n therebetween having an impact dot head (not shown) for printing with the ink ribbon R running from one arm to 8_ the other. A leaf spring 14 presses the ink ribbon R on one of the guide surfaces 8 to apply a tension to the ink ribbon R during a run.
Fig. 1 shows a ground fabric 10 for forming the ink ribbon R. The warp 3 includes S twist yarns 1 and Z twist yarns 2, both about 30 to 70 deniers, having threads la and 2a about one denier of nylon or polyester multi-f ilaments. The S twist yarns 1 are twisted rightward, while the Z twist yarns 2 are twisted leftward, the yarns 1 and 2 having substantially the same number of twists. The S twist yarns 1 and Z twist yarns 2 are arranged alternately across of the ribbon R.
The endless ink ribbon R is manufactured as follows. The ground fabric 10 is cut to a predetermined width, with the warp 3 extending longitudinally of the ribbon R. Opposite ends of the cut ground fabri-c.10 are fused together by heating, and then the ribbon R is soaked with ink.
As shown in Fig. 2, the feed roll 11 supporting the ink ribbon R in the cassette case 5 is driven to run the ink ribbon R. When the feed roll 11 slips slightly relative to the ink ribbon R, the ribbon R tends to shift relative to the feed roll 11 in a direction to diniinish a contact resistance between the -g- threads la and 2a and the feed roll 11, i.e. in the twisting direction of the threads la or 2a. However, since the warp 3 of this ink ribbon R has the S twist yarns 1 and Z twist yarns 2 arranged alternately and distributed evenly across the ribbon R, a mutual cancellation occurs between a moving force of the ink ribbon R acting toward a top plane of the running track and a moving force acting toward a bottom plane of the running track.
Thus, the ink ribbon R using the above ground fabric does not easily shift transversely during a run. The ink ribbon R has little possibility of contacting the top or bottom surfaces inside the cassette case 5.
The ink ribbon R runs with a reduced resistance, and the load of driving the ink ribbon R is also reduced. An upper edge or lower edge of the ink ribbon R is prevented from wearing quickly. A predetermined folding force is properly applied to the ink ribbon R to diminish the possibility of ribbon. jamming.
in the above embodiment, the warp 3 of the ground fabric 10 has the S twist yarns 1 and Z twist yarns 2 arranged alternately on a one-by-one basis. Instead of this, the arrangement may be such that the two 10- types of yarns alternate in groups of the same plural number, e.g. in every two or three yarns.
The ground fabric 10 is not limited to the warp 3 having the S twist yarns 1 and Z twist yarns 2 arranged alternately in groups of the same number. For example, the alternate arrangement may be made with a repetition of two, three and five S twist yarns 1, and f ive, three and two Z twist yarns 2. A group of Z twist yarns 2 may be arranged in an upper half transversely of the ribbon, with a group of S twist yarns 1 arranged in a lower half. In other words, it will serve the purpose if the S twist yarns 1 and Z twist yarns 2 are distributed substantially evenly across the ink ribbon R.
The weft 4 may comprise include S twist yarns 1 and alternately as does the warp The warp 3 may include The cassette case 5 may 2 5 Z twist yarns 2, or may Z twist yarns 2 arranged 3. untwisted yarns also. include an ink tank.
Claims (15)
1. A ground fabric for use in an ink ribbon comprising: warp including a plurality of yarns extending in a running direction of the ink ribbon; and weft extending transversely of the running direction and interlaced through said warp to form a plain weave structure; wherein said yarns include S twist yarns and Z twist yarns having substantially the same number of twists, said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns being arranged substantially evenly across of said ink ribbon.
2. A ground fabric as defined in claim 1, wherein said warp includes S twist yarns and Z twist yarns, both about 30 to-70 deniers, having threads about one denier of nylon or polyester multi-filaments, said S twist yarns being twisted rightward while the Z twist yarns are twisted leftward, said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns having substantially the same number of twists.
3. A ground fabric as defined in claim 2, wherein said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns are arranged alternately on a one-by-one basis.
4. A ground fabric as defined in claim 2, wherein said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns are arranged alternately in groups of the same plural number.
5. An ink ribbon having a ground fabric, comprising: warp including a plurality of yarns extending in a running direction of the ink ribbon; and weft extending transversely of the running direction and interlaced through said warp to form a plain weave structure; wherein said ground fabric is soaked with ink, and held between a drive roll and a driven roll to run with rotation of said drive roll; and wherein said yarns include S twist yarns and Z twist yarns having. substantially the same number of twists, said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns being arranged substantially evenly across of said ink. ribbon.
6. An ink ribbon as defined in claim 5, wherein said di-i,,,e roll comprises a feed roll rotatable by dri.,e applied from a printer, while said dri,,-en roll comprises a pinch roll rotatable with said feed roll, said feel roll and said pinch roll being disposed at an inlet of a ribbon storage of a cassette.
7. An ink ribbon as defined in claim 5, wherein said warp includes S twist yarns and Z twist yarns, both about 30 to 70 deniers, having threads about one denier of nylon or polyester multi-filaments, said S twist yarns being twisted rightward while the Z twist yarns are twisted leftward, said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns having substantially the same number of twists.
8. An ink ribbon as defined in claim 7, wherein said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns are arranged alternately on a one-by-one basis.
9. An ink ribbon as defined in claim 7, wherein said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns are arranged alternately in groups of the same plural number.
10. An ink ribbon cassette comprising:
a cassette case including a box-like plastic case having a top opening, and a plastic cover case for closing said top opening; 0 an ink ribbon contained in a ribbon storage inside said cassette case as folded along a running track of said ink ribbon; a printing section disposed in said cassette case and opposed to a print plane; ribbon guide means disposed in said cassette case for contacting said ink ribbon to guide said ink ribbon from an outlet of said ribbon storage through said printing section to an inlet of said ribbon storage; and ribbon drive means disposed in said cassette case for causing said ink ribbon to run in a circuit through said ribbon storage and said printing section, said ribbon drive means including a feed roll rotatable by drive applied from a printer, and a pinch roll rotatable with said feed roll, said feel roll and said pinch roll being disposed at said inlet of said ribbon storage;_ wherein said ink ribbon has a ground fabric comprising: warp including a plurality of yarns extending in a running direction of the ink ribbon; and weft extendin- transversely of the running m - direction and interlaced through said warp to form a 1-Aain weave si-ritc. ttire; wherein said ground fabric is soaked with ink, and held between said feed roll and said pinch roll to run with rotation of said feed roll; and wherein said yarns include S twist yarns and Z twist yarns having substantially the same number of twists, said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns being arranged substantially evenly across of said ink ribbon.
11. An ink ribbon cassette as defined in claim 10, wherein said warp includes S twist yarns and Z twist yarns, both about 30 to 70 deniers, having threads about one denier of nylon or polyester multifilaments, said S twist yarns being twisted rightward while the Z twist yarns are twisted leftward, said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns having substantially the same number of twists.
12. An ink ribbon cassette as defined in claim 11, wherein said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns are. arranged alternately on a one-by-one basis.
13. An ink ribbon cassette as defined in claim 11, wherein said S twist yarns and said Z twist yarns are arranged alternately in groups of the same plural t 1 number.
14. A ground fabric for use in an ink ribbon, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
15. An ink ribbon having a ground fabric, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9309813A GB2277939A (en) | 1993-05-12 | 1993-05-12 | Woven fabric for ink ribbon |
| DE4320521A DE4320521A1 (en) | 1993-05-12 | 1993-06-22 | Basic cloth for ink ribbons, ink ribbon made from this basic cloth and ink-ribbon cassette having this ink ribbon |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9309813A GB2277939A (en) | 1993-05-12 | 1993-05-12 | Woven fabric for ink ribbon |
| DE4320521A DE4320521A1 (en) | 1993-05-12 | 1993-06-22 | Basic cloth for ink ribbons, ink ribbon made from this basic cloth and ink-ribbon cassette having this ink ribbon |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9309813D0 GB9309813D0 (en) | 1993-06-23 |
| GB2277939A true GB2277939A (en) | 1994-11-16 |
Family
ID=25926968
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9309813A Withdrawn GB2277939A (en) | 1993-05-12 | 1993-05-12 | Woven fabric for ink ribbon |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4320521A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2277939A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10118363B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2018-11-06 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Antislip sheet material with twisted tapes |
| US10227715B2 (en) * | 2016-10-07 | 2019-03-12 | Sejong Tf Inc. | Manufacturing method of refrigerant fabric and refrigerant fabric manufactured by the method |
| US10232585B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2019-03-19 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Antislip sheet material with twisted tapes |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3049618B1 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2020-01-03 | Arianegroup Sas | WOVEN FIBROUS STRUCTURE HAVING SATIN WEAVING ON AT LEAST ONE OF ITS EXTERNAL FACES |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB449990A (en) * | 1935-02-08 | 1936-07-08 | Wingfoot Corp | Improvements relating to driving belts and their manufacture |
| GB889875A (en) * | 1958-02-24 | 1962-02-21 | Lewis & Tylor Ltd | Transmission belting |
| GB902330A (en) * | 1959-12-22 | 1962-08-01 | Edwin F James Associates Inc | Inked printing ribbon for use in typewriters or the like and method of making the same |
| GB986139A (en) * | 1961-08-18 | 1965-03-17 | Columbia Ribbon & Carbon | Novel inked woven fabrics |
-
1993
- 1993-05-12 GB GB9309813A patent/GB2277939A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-06-22 DE DE4320521A patent/DE4320521A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB449990A (en) * | 1935-02-08 | 1936-07-08 | Wingfoot Corp | Improvements relating to driving belts and their manufacture |
| GB889875A (en) * | 1958-02-24 | 1962-02-21 | Lewis & Tylor Ltd | Transmission belting |
| GB902330A (en) * | 1959-12-22 | 1962-08-01 | Edwin F James Associates Inc | Inked printing ribbon for use in typewriters or the like and method of making the same |
| GB986139A (en) * | 1961-08-18 | 1965-03-17 | Columbia Ribbon & Carbon | Novel inked woven fabrics |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10118363B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2018-11-06 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Antislip sheet material with twisted tapes |
| US10124557B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2018-11-13 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Antislip sheet material with twisted tapes |
| US10232585B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2019-03-19 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Antislip sheet material with twisted tapes |
| US10227715B2 (en) * | 2016-10-07 | 2019-03-12 | Sejong Tf Inc. | Manufacturing method of refrigerant fabric and refrigerant fabric manufactured by the method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9309813D0 (en) | 1993-06-23 |
| DE4320521A1 (en) | 1995-01-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |