GB2249740A - A nozzle - Google Patents

A nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2249740A
GB2249740A GB9123435A GB9123435A GB2249740A GB 2249740 A GB2249740 A GB 2249740A GB 9123435 A GB9123435 A GB 9123435A GB 9123435 A GB9123435 A GB 9123435A GB 2249740 A GB2249740 A GB 2249740A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
nozzle
primary
arrangement
shower
injector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9123435A
Other versions
GB2249740B (en
GB9123435D0 (en
Inventor
Peter Wilson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of GB9123435D0 publication Critical patent/GB9123435D0/en
Publication of GB2249740A publication Critical patent/GB2249740A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2249740B publication Critical patent/GB2249740B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/304—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B05B1/3046—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice
    • B05B1/3066—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice the valve element being at least partially hollow and liquid passing through it when the valve is opened
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/304—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B05B1/3046—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0408—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing two or more liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages

Landscapes

  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

A nozzle arrangement 1 comprises primary nozzle 2 positioned co-axially within a secondary nozzle 3. The primary nozzle 2 is moveable axially relative to the secondary nozzle 3 such that the flow rate of fluid passing through the arrangement 1 may be continuously varied. <IMAGE>

Description

A NOZZLE This invention relates to a nozzle for producing a jet of fluid, and particularly, but not exclusively to a nozzle forming a shower injector.
It is often desirable to have a nozzle which is adjustable in order that the rate of flow of the fluid passing through the nozzle may be altered.
A known adjustable nozzle is the so-called spear nozzle or needle valve. A spear nozzle comprises a primary nozzle within which is co-axially positioned a spear or needle. The head of the spear is bulbous and is positioned within the vicinity of the end portion of the nozzle through which the fluid exits the nozzle. In order to vary the flow rate of fluid exiting from the nozzle, the position of the head of the spear is varied relative to the end portion of the primary nozzle. The closer the head of the spear is to the end portion of the nozzle, the greater will be the degree to which the spear reduces the effective size of the orifice of the nozzle. The smaller the effective size of the orifice, the greater will be the velocity of fluid exiting from the nozzle.
A problem with this known type of adjustable nozzle is that it is not possible to achieve efficiency of flow at low flow rates. In other words, the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy is inefficient. This is believed to be caused by a pressure drop which occurs due to increased friction between the fluid passing through the nozzle and the spear head.
According to the invention there is provided a nozzle arrangement comprising: a primary nozzle comprising an exit end and an opposite end; a secondary nozzle having an exit end and an opposite end; the primary nozzle being positioned substantially co axially within the secondary nozzle, and being moveable axially relative to the secondary nozzle; and inlet means for allowing fluid to enter the arrangement.
The primary nozzle is moveable relative to the secondary nozzle between the position in which the exit end of the primary nozzle completely blocks the exit end of the secondary nozzle. In this position, the flow rate through the secondary nozzle is zero. The primary nozzle flow rate is determined by the dimensions of the nozzle and the pressure of the fluid entering the nozzle arrangement.
When the primary nozzle is moved into the second position relative to the secondary nozzle, a secondary flow will be created due to the opening of an exit between the two nozzles. In the second position, the flow rate will be at a maximum, and progressive opening of the primary nozzle between the first position and the second position results in a progressive increase in the secondary flow and therefore the total flow rate. The primary flow will remain virtually constant as long as the fluid pressure entering via the inlet means is substantially constant.
The nozzle arrangement according to the present invention thus reduces the inefficiency of the flow rate due to friction.
Preferably, the inlet means is formed in the secondary nozzle, and the primary nozzle comprises at least one port through which fluid entering the arrangement via the inlet means may enter the primary nozzle.
Preferably, the relative positions of the primary and secondary nozzles are adjustable by means of a sliding or screwed spindle on which the primary nozzle is mounted.
Alternatively, the primary nozzle may be fixed and the secondary nozzle moveable.
The nozzle according to the present invention may be used to form a shower injector. The shower injector using a nozzle according to the present invention may be incorporated in a domestic shower.
Preferably, the shower injector further comprises a hot water supply means and a hot water pressure regulator.
Such an arrangement will enable the shower to have temperature stability.
The invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a nozzle arrangement according to the present invention; and Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a shower injector incorporating the nozzle arrangement of Figure 1.
Referring to Figure 1, a nozzle arrangement according to the present invention is designated generally by the reference numeral 1. The arrangement comprises a primary nozzle 2 positioned co-axially within a secondary nozzle 3. A fluid inlet 4 is formed within the fluid tight housing of the secondary nozzle 3. The primary nozzle 2 is moveable relative to the secondary nozzle 3 by means of a screwed spindle 5 which may be operated by a knob 6. The primary nozzle 2 is moveable between a first position as shown in Figure 1 and a second position (not shown). When the first nozzle is in the first position the end portion 7 of the primary nozzle 2 forms a fluid tight seal with the secondary nozzle 3. Fluid entering the arrangement by means of the inlet 4 first of all enters into the secondary nozzle 3 before entering the primary nozzle 2 by means of ports 8.
Because the primary nozzle 2 is in the first position all the fluid entering the arrangement 1 by means of the inlet 4 will exit via the end portion 7 of primary nozzle 2. The jet velocity of the arrangement 1 with the nozzle 2, 3 in this position will be a maximum.
By means of the knob 6 it is possible to continuously and progressively increase the distance between the end portion 7 of the primary nozzle 2 and the end portion 9 of the secondary nozzle 3. As the distance between the two end portions 7 and 9 increases, an increasing gap will appear between the two nozzles forming an effective secondary nozzle. As the primary nozzle 2 moves towards the second position the size of the secondary orifice will increase. A secondary flow is thus created which exits through the gap between nozzles 2 and 3. The secondary flow envelops the primary flow which emerges through the end portion 7 of primary nozzle 2 and both of these combine to form a single jet.
Referring now to Figure 2, the nozzle of Figure 1 is shown incorporated into a shower injector for use for example in the domestic shower unit. The injector is designated generally by the reference numeral 20 and comprises a shower outlet 11 which forms the continuation of the secondary nozzle 3. Cold water is supplied at mains pressure at inlet 4 into the shower arrangement 20. Hot water is drawn through by the injector suction and is entrained in a cold water jet.
The total flow is directed through diffuser throat 21 and is pressurised in the divergent section of the outlet. The water flow then discharges through the outlet 11 to the shower by the pipe. The flow characteristics of this arrangement ensure that the ratio of hot to cod water remains virtually constant irrespective of the cold water supply pressure. This is because the amount of hot water drawn in by the injector suction is directly proportional to the pressure of the cold water. Thus if the cold water pressure falls so does the amount of hot water being drawn in by the injector suction. Preferably, the shower rose will be positioned at zero head relative to the hot water head tank.
If the shower rose is positioned at a lower level, a slight rise in temperature will occur if the cold water pressure reduces. This is usually insignificant, but in extreme cases it may be advisable to fit a simple pressure regulator in the hot water supply line to simulate zero head.
By means of the adjustable nozzle according to the present invention, a standard injector is capable of giving good shower flows even in premises supplied at low mains water pressure.
A fine temperature control may be incorporated by using an adjustable cold water bypass to deliver cold water directly from the inlet 4 to the outlet 11.
Although the nozzles illustrated in the accompanying figures are shown having a relatively simple geometry, the invention is equally applicable to nozzle designs with many different shapes, for example contoured sides. Advantages may be gained by using castellated or fluted nozzles.
Although the invention has been primarily described in terms of a shower injector, the nozzle is equally applicable to a wide range of equipment which depend on their operation on the development of a high velocity jet of fluid. Examples of such equipment are injectors and ejectors, turbines and pelton wheels. Air powered ejectors are used in the fields of vacuum cleaning, pneumatic conveying, and cooling purposes for example. Water powered ejectors may be found in suction devices, sludge pumping, river dredging, fertiliser spreading etc.
The term fluid used within this specification includes liquid gas, vapour and all such states may be used in the nozzle according to the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A nozzle arrangement comprising: a primary nozzle comprising an exit end and an opposite end; a secondary nozzle having an exit end and an opposite end; the primary nozzle being positioned substantially coaxially within the secondary nozzle and moveable axially relative to the secondary nozzle; and inlet means for allowing fluid to enter the arrangement.
2. A shower arrangement according to claim 1 wherein the inlet means is formed in the secondary nozzle and the primary nozzle comprises at least one port through which fluid entering the arrangement by the inlet means may enter the primary nozzle.
3. A nozzle arrangement as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the relative positions of the primary and secondary nozzles are adjustable by means of a screwed spindle on which the primary nozzle is mounted.
4. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the primary nozzle is fixed and the secondary nozzle is moveable.
5. A shower injector comprising a nozzle according to any one of the proceeding claims.
6. A shower injector according to claim 5 further comprising a hot water supply means and a hot water pressure regulator.
7. A nozzle arrangement substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to figure 1.
8. A shower injector substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to figure 2.
GB9123435A 1990-11-19 1991-11-05 A nozzle Expired - Fee Related GB2249740B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB909025116A GB9025116D0 (en) 1990-11-19 1990-11-19 Adjustable dual nozzle

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9123435D0 GB9123435D0 (en) 1991-12-18
GB2249740A true GB2249740A (en) 1992-05-20
GB2249740B GB2249740B (en) 1994-10-05

Family

ID=10685607

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB909025116A Pending GB9025116D0 (en) 1990-11-19 1990-11-19 Adjustable dual nozzle
GB9123435A Expired - Fee Related GB2249740B (en) 1990-11-19 1991-11-05 A nozzle

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB909025116A Pending GB9025116D0 (en) 1990-11-19 1990-11-19 Adjustable dual nozzle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (2) GB9025116D0 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5490576A (en) * 1995-01-12 1996-02-13 Huang; Fu-Shiang Air pressure adjusting module having variable blade device of independent structure
EP0857424A1 (en) * 1997-02-05 1998-08-12 Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd. Automatic spray apparatus for oily confectionery raw material
CN102698903A (en) * 2012-06-26 2012-10-03 上海大学 Multi-hybrid type sprayed liquid atomization head

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114682408A (en) * 2020-12-31 2022-07-01 大连理工大学 Internal rotational flow cross hole double-gas-assisted injector

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2118460A (en) * 1982-04-13 1983-11-02 Plessey Co Plc Liquid spray apparatus
GB2152851A (en) * 1984-01-20 1985-08-14 Harvey E Diamond Fluid nozzle with directional outlet jet of continuously changing direction

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2272747A (en) * 1939-04-07 1942-02-10 Gen Electric Glass to metal seal
GB1406607A (en) * 1971-09-22 1975-09-17 Crump F D Spray guns
SU1270485A1 (en) * 1983-12-06 1986-11-15 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектно-Конструкторский Институт Атомного Энергетического Машиностроения Boiler

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2118460A (en) * 1982-04-13 1983-11-02 Plessey Co Plc Liquid spray apparatus
GB2152851A (en) * 1984-01-20 1985-08-14 Harvey E Diamond Fluid nozzle with directional outlet jet of continuously changing direction

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5490576A (en) * 1995-01-12 1996-02-13 Huang; Fu-Shiang Air pressure adjusting module having variable blade device of independent structure
EP0857424A1 (en) * 1997-02-05 1998-08-12 Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd. Automatic spray apparatus for oily confectionery raw material
US6125787A (en) * 1997-02-05 2000-10-03 Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd. Automatic spray apparatus for oily confectionery raw material
US6401651B1 (en) * 1997-02-05 2002-06-11 Keizo Mochizuki Automatic spray apparatus for oily confectionery raw material
CN102698903A (en) * 2012-06-26 2012-10-03 上海大学 Multi-hybrid type sprayed liquid atomization head
CN102698903B (en) * 2012-06-26 2014-07-30 上海大学 Multi-hybrid type sprayed liquid atomization head

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2249740B (en) 1994-10-05
GB9025116D0 (en) 1991-01-02
GB9123435D0 (en) 1991-12-18

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19961105