GB2248853A - Coating of substrates with aluminium using an alane adduct - Google Patents

Coating of substrates with aluminium using an alane adduct Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2248853A
GB2248853A GB9120561A GB9120561A GB2248853A GB 2248853 A GB2248853 A GB 2248853A GB 9120561 A GB9120561 A GB 9120561A GB 9120561 A GB9120561 A GB 9120561A GB 2248853 A GB2248853 A GB 2248853A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
alane
aluminium
substrate
coating
solvent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB9120561A
Other versions
GB9120561D0 (en
Inventor
Anthony Copeland Jones
Graham Williams
Albert Barry Leese
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of GB9120561D0 publication Critical patent/GB9120561D0/en
Publication of GB2248853A publication Critical patent/GB2248853A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/06—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals
    • C03C17/10—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals by deposition from the liquid phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/08—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of metallic material
    • C23C18/10—Deposition of aluminium only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/25—Metals
    • C03C2217/251—Al, Cu, Mg or noble metals
    • C03C2217/252—Al
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
    • C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

A method of coating a substrate such as glass with aluminium to form a mirror comprises the steps of forming a solution of an alane amine adduct and depositing same on a heated substrate, whereby the adduct decomposes to leave a coating of elemental aluminium. The alane adduct preferably has the formula AlH3 (NR'R''R''')n where n is 1 or 2 and R', R'', R''' are selected from alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl radical, eg trimethylamine alane, bis-(trimethylamine) alane, and dimethylethylamine alane. Amines, ethers and aryl compounds may be used as the solvent to dissolve the aluminium compound. In the case of a liquid alane adduct, such as dimethylethylamine alane, it may not be necessary to form a solution thereof prior to coating. After coating a sealer layer may be applied to inhibit oxide tunnelling.

Description

Title: Coating of substrates DESCRIPTION This invention concerns formation of a coating of aluminium on a substrate and, in particular, concerns a method of producing mirrors.
Mirrors are mostly produced by forming a silver coating on one surface of a sheet of glass, the silver coating acting as a reflector. The production of such mirrors is relatively expensive due to the use of silver.
One object of this invention is to provide an alternative to silver for mirror production.
Another object of this invention is to provide a method of coating aluminium onto a substrate, such as glass.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a method of coating a substrate with a layer of aluminium comprising the steps of forming a solution of an alane adduct and depositing the solution onto a heated substrate.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a substrate coated with a layer of aluminium by the method of depositing on the heated substrate a solution of an alane adduct.
A preferred use of the invention is in the production of mirrors where the substrate is glass and the aluminium coating forms a reflective layer. It is envisaged that the invention may be used in conjunction with float glass production, wherein aluminium deposition is carried out on hot glass, typically at 1800C, emerging from the float glass process. It is, in fact, preferred that any substrate used in the invention be heated to at least 1000C so as to drive off moisture from the substrate and/or atmosphere that could otherwise cause oxidation of the aluminium.
The deposition of aluminium on a substrate is preferably carried out in an inert atmosphere, such as of nitrogen or argon. Although the aluminium deposition may be carried out in an atmosphere containing oxygen, that is less desirable due to the risks of oxidation and fire particularly with the presence of solvent and the use of high temperatures.
After coating a substrate with aluminium, a sealer layer may be applied to the aluminium coating for protection and to inhibit oxide tunnelling.
The aluminium compound used in the invention is preferably an alane adduct, especially with a triamine.
The aluminium adduct preferably has the formula A1H3 (NR3)n (NR'R''R''')n where n is 1 or 2 and R', R'' and R''' are selected from alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl radical. Particularly suitable alane adducts for use in the present invention are believed to be trimethylamine alane, bis-(trimethylamine) alane and dimethylethylamine alane.
The solvent used to dissolve the aluminium compound is preferably a donor solvent. Examples of suitable donor solvents include amines, ethers and aryl compounds. Of amines, tertiary amines are preferred and especially those of the formula N(Cn H2n+l)3, where n is from 1 to 12, such as tri-n-butylamine and triethylamine. Triaryl amines, trialkaryl amines and triaralkyl amines may also be used as solvents for the aluminium compound. In the case of a liquid alane adduct, such as dimethylethylamine alane, it may not be necessary to form a solution thereof prior to coating.
Of ethers, dialkyl ethers are preferred and especially those of the formula (Cn H2n+l)2O, where n is from 1 to 12. Diaryl ethers, dialkaryl ethers, diaralkyl ethers and cyclic ethers as well as mixed ethers may also be used as solvents for the aluminium compound. Examples of suitable ethers include diethyl ether, diphenyl ether and tetrahydrofuran.
Of aryl, compounds benzene and toluene may be suitable solvents for the aluminium compound.
The amount of aluminium compound used in the invention will be preferably sufficient to provide a solution having upto 20%, preferably 5 to 10%, by weight aluminium content.
The solution of aluminium compound may be deposited on the substrate in any suitable way.
Preferably the aluminium compound solution will be dropped onto the substrate, the substrate and deposition head(s) moving relative to each other to form a relatively thin even coating on the substrate. Under the influence of heat the aluminium compound decomposes to leave a coating of elemental aluminium on the substrate. That coating when the substrate is glass can provide a reflective surface that is of reasonable mirror quality- but at a lower cost than a silver coating.
This invention will now be further described by means of the following Example.
Example 10g of trimethylamine alane were dissolved in 29g of trinbutylamine. The resultant solution was applied to a glass substrate heated to 1800C in a nitrogen atmosphere. The glass thus received a reflective coating of aluminium to form a mirror. A coat of sealer was applied to the aluminium coating to inhibit oxide tunnelling.

Claims (22)

1. A method of coating a substrate with a layer of aluminium comprising the steps of forming a solution of an alane adduct and depositing the solution onto a heated substrate.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate in glass.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the substrate is heated to at least 1000C.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein deposition is carried out in a substantially inert atmosphere.
5. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising the step of applying a sealer layer to the aluminium coating.
6. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the alane adduct is an alane adduct with a triamine.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the alane adduct has the formula A1H3. (N R' R'' R''')n, wherein n is 1 or 2 and R', R'' and R''' are selected from alkyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl radicals.
8. A method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the alane adduct is selected from trimethylamine alane, bis (trimethylamine) alane and dimethylethylamine alane.
9. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the solvent is a donor solvent.
10. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the solvent is selected from amines, ethers and aryl compounds.
11. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the solvent is a tertiary amine.
12. A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the tertiary amine is of the formula N(Cn H2+1)3, where n is from 1 to 12.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the tertiary amine is tri-n-butylamine or triethylamine.
14. A method-as claimed in claim 10, wherein the solvent is a dialkly ether.
15. A method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the ether has the formula (Cn H2n+1)20, where n is from 1 to 12.
16. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the solvent is selected from diethyl ether, diphenyl ether and tetrahydrofuran.
17. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the solvent is selected from benzene and toluene.
18. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the amount of aluminium compound used is sufficient to provide a solution having upto 20% by weight aluminium content.
19. A method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the amount of aluminium compound used is sufficient to provide a solution having from 5 to 10% by weight aluminium content.
20. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the aluminium compound solution is dropped onto a moving substrate.
21. A method of coating a substrate substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the foregoing Example.
22. A substrate coated by a method as claimed in any one of claim 1 to 21.
GB9120561A 1990-09-27 1991-09-27 Coating of substrates with aluminium using an alane adduct Withdrawn GB2248853A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB909021042A GB9021042D0 (en) 1990-09-27 1990-09-27 Coating of substrates

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9120561D0 GB9120561D0 (en) 1991-11-06
GB2248853A true GB2248853A (en) 1992-04-22

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GB909021042A Pending GB9021042D0 (en) 1990-09-27 1990-09-27 Coating of substrates
GB9120561A Withdrawn GB2248853A (en) 1990-09-27 1991-09-27 Coating of substrates with aluminium using an alane adduct

Family Applications Before (1)

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GB (2) GB9021042D0 (en)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5576885A (en) * 1994-01-10 1996-11-19 Pilington Glass Limited Heatable mirror including a non-metallic reflecting coating on a glass substate
US5745291A (en) * 1992-07-11 1998-04-28 Pilkington Glass Limited Mirror including a glass substrate and a pyrolytic silicon reflecting layer
US5757564A (en) * 1994-01-10 1998-05-26 Pilkington Glass Limited Coatings on glass
US5764415A (en) * 1994-01-10 1998-06-09 Pilkington Glass Limited Coatings on glass
US5861189A (en) * 1995-01-09 1999-01-19 Pilkington Plc Method for producing mirrors by surface activation and pyrolytic deposition
DE19738880A1 (en) * 1997-09-05 1999-03-11 Alsthom Cge Alcatel Method and apparatus for coating a substrate with a metal
US5885321A (en) * 1996-07-22 1999-03-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Preparation of fine aluminum powders by solution methods
US6953600B2 (en) * 2002-04-19 2005-10-11 Jsr Corporation Conductive film forming composition, conductive film, and method for forming the same
WO2012047345A3 (en) * 2010-07-07 2012-05-31 Saint Louis University Passivated metal nanoparticles having an epoxide-based oligomer coating
JP2013044002A (en) * 2011-08-23 2013-03-04 Jsr Corp Aluminum film forming method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1178954A (en) * 1968-04-19 1970-01-28 Continental Oil Co Method of Aluminum Plating with Diethylaluminum Hydride
US4144360A (en) * 1976-08-09 1979-03-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for the currentless catalytic precipitation of aluminum
SU971913A1 (en) * 1980-12-26 1982-11-07 Тамбовский институт химического машиностроения Process for gaseous alitizing

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1178954A (en) * 1968-04-19 1970-01-28 Continental Oil Co Method of Aluminum Plating with Diethylaluminum Hydride
US4144360A (en) * 1976-08-09 1979-03-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for the currentless catalytic precipitation of aluminum
SU971913A1 (en) * 1980-12-26 1982-11-07 Тамбовский институт химического машиностроения Process for gaseous alitizing

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5745291A (en) * 1992-07-11 1998-04-28 Pilkington Glass Limited Mirror including a glass substrate and a pyrolytic silicon reflecting layer
US5576885A (en) * 1994-01-10 1996-11-19 Pilington Glass Limited Heatable mirror including a non-metallic reflecting coating on a glass substate
US5700305A (en) * 1994-01-10 1997-12-23 Pilkington Glass Limited Method of producing heatable mirrors by depositing coatings on glass
US5757564A (en) * 1994-01-10 1998-05-26 Pilkington Glass Limited Coatings on glass
US5764415A (en) * 1994-01-10 1998-06-09 Pilkington Glass Limited Coatings on glass
US5861189A (en) * 1995-01-09 1999-01-19 Pilkington Plc Method for producing mirrors by surface activation and pyrolytic deposition
US5885321A (en) * 1996-07-22 1999-03-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Preparation of fine aluminum powders by solution methods
DE19738880A1 (en) * 1997-09-05 1999-03-11 Alsthom Cge Alcatel Method and apparatus for coating a substrate with a metal
US6953600B2 (en) * 2002-04-19 2005-10-11 Jsr Corporation Conductive film forming composition, conductive film, and method for forming the same
WO2012047345A3 (en) * 2010-07-07 2012-05-31 Saint Louis University Passivated metal nanoparticles having an epoxide-based oligomer coating
US9745190B2 (en) 2010-07-07 2017-08-29 Saint Louis University Passivated metal nanoparticles having an epoxide-based oligomer coating
JP2013044002A (en) * 2011-08-23 2013-03-04 Jsr Corp Aluminum film forming method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9120561D0 (en) 1991-11-06
GB9021042D0 (en) 1990-11-07

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