GB2206486A - Liquid applicator - Google Patents
Liquid applicator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2206486A GB2206486A GB08815220A GB8815220A GB2206486A GB 2206486 A GB2206486 A GB 2206486A GB 08815220 A GB08815220 A GB 08815220A GB 8815220 A GB8815220 A GB 8815220A GB 2206486 A GB2206486 A GB 2206486A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- agitating
- liquid
- reservoir
- ball
- plunger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
- A45D34/00—Containers or accessories specially adapted for handling liquid toiletry or cosmetic substances, e.g. perfumes
- A45D34/04—Appliances specially adapted for applying liquid, e.g. using roller or ball
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43K5/00—Pens with ink reservoirs in holders, e.g. fountain-pens
- B43K5/18—Arrangements for feeding the ink to the nibs
- B43K5/1818—Mechanical feeding means, e.g. valves; Pumps
- B43K5/189—Pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
- A45D34/00—Containers or accessories specially adapted for handling liquid toiletry or cosmetic substances, e.g. perfumes
- A45D34/04—Appliances specially adapted for applying liquid, e.g. using roller or ball
- A45D34/042—Appliances specially adapted for applying liquid, e.g. using roller or ball using a brush or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
- A45D40/00—Casings or accessories specially adapted for storing or handling solid or pasty toiletry or cosmetic substances, e.g. shaving soaps or lipsticks
- A45D40/02—Casings wherein movement of the lipstick or like solid is a sliding movement
- A45D40/04—Casings wherein movement of the lipstick or like solid is a sliding movement effected by a screw
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B11/00—Brushes with reservoir or other means for applying substances, e.g. paints, pastes, water
- A46B11/001—Brushes with reservoir or other means for applying substances, e.g. paints, pastes, water with integral reservoirs
- A46B11/002—Brushes with reservoir or other means for applying substances, e.g. paints, pastes, water with integral reservoirs pressurised at moment of use manually or by powered means
- A46B11/0024—Brushes with reservoir or other means for applying substances, e.g. paints, pastes, water with integral reservoirs pressurised at moment of use manually or by powered means with a permanently displaceable pressurising member that remain in position unless actuated, e.g. lead-screw or ratchet mechanisms, toothpaste tube twisting or rolling devices
- A46B11/0027—Lead-screw mechanisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B11/00—Brushes with reservoir or other means for applying substances, e.g. paints, pastes, water
- A46B11/0072—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43K5/00—Pens with ink reservoirs in holders, e.g. fountain-pens
- B43K5/02—Ink reservoirs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43K8/00—Pens with writing-points other than nibs or balls
- B43K8/02—Pens with writing-points other than nibs or balls with writing-points comprising fibres, felt, or similar porous or capillary material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
Description
1--- LIQUID APPLICATOR 2f'/'-'06480' This invention relates to a liquid
applicator for applying a liquid such as ink, paint, or a cosmetic liquid such as nail polish, liquid drugs, adhesives etc. More particularly, but not exclusively, the invention relates to a liquid applicator for applying a liquid which must be agitated on or prior to its application, the applicator haing a liquid reservoir and a plunger provided therein for applying the liquid.
The applicants do not know of any liquid applicators which are wellsuited for applying a liquid such as inks containing insoluble pigments which require such agitation.
As shown In Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings a conventional liquid applicator for applying liquid which is agitated during application has a liquid reservoir in which a plunger and an agitating bal! are provided. However, since the agitating ball 52 prevents the plunge:51 from reaching the bottom of the liquid reservoir 53 and also closes the liquid outlet 54 of the reservoir 53, there is a problem in that the liquid contained in the reservoir 53 cannot be applied to the last drop and this is uneconomic.
Embadiments of this invention seek to resolve the above problem by providing a liquid applicator for applying a liquid which must be agitated when applied having a liquid reservoir in which an agitating ball permits a plunger to reach the bottom of the liquid reservoir so that the liquid contained in the reservoir is applied to the substantially last drop to minimise economic loss.
According to this invention, there is provided:
a liquid applicator or writing instrument with a liquid reservoir including:
t.
a liquid reservoir; a plunger slidabIv mounted in said liquid reservoir; an agitating ball loosely housed in said reservoir; and an agitating-ball chamber provided in a lower part of said liquid reservoir, at least one of the inner diameter and depth of said agitating-ball chamber being slightly greater than the diameter of said agitating ball.
References herein to forwards, rearwards etc. assume that the front end of the application is that through which the applicator fluid issues.
The invention will now be described by way of non-limiting example, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of the liquid applicator or nail-polish applicator of this invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a part of the first embodiment is shown in Fig. 1, in a condition in which the plunger of the liquid applicator has reached the bottom of the liquid reservoir of the applicator; Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1, taken along the line III-III of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a part of a second embodiment of the liquid applicator or nail-polish applicator of this invention; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a part of conventional liquid applicator or nail-polish applicator.
Figs. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of a liquid applicator or nailpolish applicator having a liquid or nail-polish reservoir 3 in the bottom of which is provided an agitating-ball chamber 2 in which an agitating ball 1 is received.
In Figs. 1 to 4 the nail-polish reservoir 3 is formed within the shaft sleeve 4. Specifically, a front end of the shaft sleeve 4 is formed into a small-diameter portion and the front half of the shaft sleeve 4 to the rear of the small-diameter portion is formed into the nail-polish 0 tr reservoir 3 which is filled with a liquid or nail-polish 6. An agitating ball 1 for agitating the nail-polish 6 is loosely housed in the nailpolish reservoir 3.
In the front end portion of the shaft sleeve 4 including the above smalldiameter portion is provided an agitating-ball chamber 2 for receiving the agitating ball 1 therein. The inner diameter and depth of the agitating-ball chamber 2 are both slightly larger than the diameter of the agitating ball 1.
A plunger 7 is mounted in the nail-polish reservoir 3 for axial sliding movement. relative thereto and is in hermetic sealIng engagement with the inner surface of the nail-polish reservoir 3. The plunger 7 is provided with a threaded shaft 8 which projects rearwardly from the rear of the plunger 7.
In a substantially axially central portion of the shaft sleeve 4 is fixed a rotation-stopper member 9, i.n a central portion of which is formed a square-shaped through-hole 10 through which the threaded shaft 8 of the plunger 7 may pass axially whilst being prevented from rotating about its axis.
A plunger-driving sleeve 11 is rotatably mounted in a rear half of the shaft sleeve 4 and is prevented from moving axially relative to the shaft sleeve 4. The plunger-driving sleeve 11 is provided with a front flange 12 in an inner peripheral surface of which is provided a female screw threadably connected to the threaded shaft 8 of the plunger 7.
The threaded shaft 8 of the plunger 7 is still threadably connected to the plunger-driving sleeve 11 even when the plunger 7 reaches the bottom of the nail-polish reservoir 3 to discharge the nail polish 6 from the nail-polish reservoir 3 to the last drop. When the reservoir 3 is completely full of nail polish 6, so that the plunger 7 is at its fullest extension, the rear portion of the threaded shaft 8 of the plunger 7 projects slightly rearward from the rear of the shaft sleeve 4.
The front surface of the front flange 12 of the plunger-driving sleeve 11 always abuts the rear surface of the rotation-stopper member 9. When the threaded shaft 8 of the plunger 7 is axially moved to its rearmost position, the rear portion of the plunger-driving sleeve 11 axially projects slightly rearward from the rear of the threaded shaft 8 of the plunger 7.
Inside the rear half of the shaf t sleeve 4, there is provided a springsupport member 16 which is mounted between the plunger-driving sleeve 11 and the shaft sleeve 4 to the rear of the front flange 12 of the plungerdriving sleeve 11 so as to abut the front flange 12.
To the rear of the plunger-driving sleeve 11 is fixed a fingergrip member 28 which is equal in diameter to the shaft sleeve 4, for rotating the plunger-driving sleeve 11 relative to the shaft sleeve 4.
The finger-grip member 28 is cylindrical with a closed top.
A front portion of the finger-grip member 28 is smaller in outer diameter than the remaining portion thereof. In the front portion of the fingergrip member 28, a spring-support portion 13 and an engaging projection 14 are provided inside the shaft sleeve 4 in which a plurality of axial slits 15 are also provided to open to the rear end of the shaft sleeve 4.
The interior of the rear portion of the shaft sleeve 4 is radially slightly enlarged while being provided with a circumferential projection 17 which prevents a ring-like stopper member 18 press-fitted into the interior of the rear-end portion of the shaft sleeve 4 frorn dropping out of the shaft sleeve 4.
In an outer peripheral surface of the rear-end portion of the plungerdriving sleeve 11 is provided a plurality of axial slits which mesh with a plurality of axial projections formed in an inner wall of the fingergrip member 28.
In assembly, the rear-end portion of the plunger-driving sleeve 11 is. inserted into the finger-grip member 28 to mesh its axial slits with the axial projections of the finger-grip member 28. The front flange 112 of the plunger-driving sleeve 11 can clear the ring-like stopper member 18 when the plunger-driving pipe 11 is inserted into the shaft sleeve 4 in assembly, because both the ring-like stopper member 18 and the rear-end portion of the shaft sleeve 4 are resiliently deformed when.. the front flange 12 clears the ring-like stopper member 18, due to the provision of the axial slits 15 in the shaft sleeve 4.
A compression coil spring 19 is loosely mounted on an outer peripheral surface of the plunger-driving sleeve 11 behind the front flange 12 thereof and between the spring-support member 16 and the springsupport portion 13 of the finger-grip member 28 so as to urge the plungerdriving sleeve 11 against the rotation -stopper member 9.
As is clearly shown in Fig. 2, a coupling member 21 provided with an axial central through-hole 20 is hermetically press-fitted to the front portion of the shaft sleeve 4. A rear portion of the central throughhole 20 of the coupling member 21 is radially enlarged to form an enlarged portion in which are provided four axially extending ribs 22. Each of the ribs 22 has a trapezoidal form having a rear slope in its side view, has a substantially rectangular cross-section, and is circumferentially spaced apart from the other ribs at equal intervals. The rear slopes of the ribs 22 of the coupling member 21 cooperate with each other to form an agitating-ball seat 23 having a rearwardly divergent conical form on which the agitating ball 1 seats.
It is also possible to form the agitating-ball seat 23 by forming a rear portion of the central through-hole 20 into a rearwardly divergent conical shape and providing on an inner peripheral surface a plurality of axially extending projections for preventing the agitating ball 1 from sticking to the inner peripheral surface of the rearwardly divergent conical shape of the agitating-ball seat 23.
In the central through-hole 20 of the coupling member 21 is press-fitted a nail-polish outlet conduit 24 which projects forward from a bottom of a front recess portion 29 of the coupling member 21 by a -6 predetermined length. It is also possible to integrate the nail-polish outlet conduit 24 into the coupling member 21.
As shown in Fig. 1, the projecting portion of the nail-polish outlet conduit 24 is fully inserted into a central blind hole of a fibrous nailpolish application member 25 so that a rear flange portion of the application member 25 is fixedly mounted in the front recess portion 29 of the coupling member 21.
A mouthpiece 26 is threadably connected to the front-end portion of the shaft sleeve 4 to cover both the rear part of the application member 25 and the coupling member 21. The front part of the mouthpiece 205 is formed into a nozzle-like shape as shown in Fig. 1.
A cap 27 is detachably mounted on the mouthpiece 26 for covering a tip portion of the application member 25.
In the first embodiment of the nail-polish applicator shown in Figs. 1 to 3 and described above, there are provided the agitating-ball chamber 2 for snugly receiving the agitating ball 1 therein in the bottom of the nail-polish reservoir 3, and the ribs 22 for forming the agitatingball seat 23 in the rear-end enlarged portion of the central axial throughhole 20 of the coupling member 21, which ribs are circumferentially spaced apart from each other at equal intervals to prevent the agitating ball 1 from sticking to the agitating-ball seat 23. This allows the nail polish 6 contained in the reservoir 3 to pass through the agitating-ball seat 23, and the plunger 7 to the bottom of the nail-polish reservoir 3 to discharge the nail polish 6 from the nail-polish reservoir 3 to substantially the last drop, which eliminates the economic loss inherent in the conventional nail-polish applicator shown in Fig. 5.
Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of the nail-polish applicator of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 3 in that the agitating-ball chamber 6 is provided in a front portion of the plunger 7. The remaining construction of the second embodiment shown in Fig. 4 is similar to that of the first embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 3. Also, in action and effect, there is no major difference between the first and second embodiments.
Either of the first and second embodiments may be made of conventional materials used in conventional nail-polish applicators.
In addition, the liquid applicators or the writing instruments 1 constructed according to the present invention may be made of the conventional materials such as rigid plastics and the like.
Now, the operation of these embodiments of the nail-polish applicator of the present invention will be hereinbelow described in detail with reference to the drawings.
When the user rotates the finger-grip member 28 of the nailpolish applicator of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the plunger-driving sleeve 11 is rotatably driven through the rotational movement of the finger-grip member 28. At this time, since the threaded shaft 8 of the plunger 7 is threadably connected to the plunger-driving sleeve 11 while being prevented from rotation by means of the rotation-stopper member 9, the threaded shaft 8 of the plunger 7 is axially moved by the rotational movement of the plunger-driving sleeve 11. Therefore, it is possible for the user to axially move the plunger 7 forward or backwards relative to the nail-polish reservoir 3 by selecting a rotational direction of the finger-grip member 28 of the nail-polish applicator. In use, the plunger 7 is axially moved forward in the reservoir 3 so that the nail-polish 6 in the reservoir 3 is gradually discharged from the reservoir 3. When the plunger 7 reaches the bottom of the reservoir 3, the nail polish 6 filled in the reservoir 3 is substantially completely consumed, which means that the volume of fluid left in the applicator is minimised whereby the conventional economic loss is eliminated.
Incidentally, it is also possible to move the _plunger 7 axially relative to the reservoir 3 by means of any suitable plunger-driving mechanism other than the plunger-driving mechanism employed in the embodiments of the present invention described above.
Claims (6)
1. A liquid applicator or writing instrument with a liquid reservoir including:
liquid reservoir; plunger slidably mounted in said liquid reservoir; an agitating ball loosely housed in said reservoir, and an agitating-ball chamber provided in a lower part of said liquid reservoir, at least one of the inner diameter of and depth of said agitating-ball chamber being slightly greater than the diameter of said agitating ball.
2. A liquid applicator or writing instrument with a liquid reservoir including:
liquid reservoir; plunger slidably mounted in said liquid reservoir; an agitating ball losely housed in said reservoir and an agitating-ball chamber provided in a lower part of said plunger, at least one of the inner diameter and depth of said agitating- ball chamber being slightly greater than the diameter of said agitating ball.
3. A liquid applicator or writing instrument according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the liquid reservoir is in flow communication with an outlet pipe via a generally frusto-conical outlet region which defines a seat for said agitating-ball.
4. A liquid applicator or writing instrument according to claim 3, wherein the frusto-conical outlet region includes one or more inward projections.
1;
5. A liquid applicator or writing instrument, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in any of Figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Any and all novel features and combinations and subcombinations thereof substantially as herein disclosed.
6.
%-blished 19813 at The Pate.M. Office. State House. 6671 High Hc-'born. London WC1R 4TP- Further copies may be obtained from The Patent Office,
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1987097627U JPS641779U (en) | 1987-06-25 | 1987-06-25 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8815220D0 GB8815220D0 (en) | 1988-08-03 |
| GB2206486A true GB2206486A (en) | 1989-01-11 |
| GB2206486B GB2206486B (en) | 1991-05-01 |
Family
ID=14197418
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8815220A Expired - Fee Related GB2206486B (en) | 1987-06-25 | 1988-06-27 | Liquid applicator |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS641779U (en) |
| KR (1) | KR900011375Y1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3821395C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2617135B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2206486B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1217901B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2237506A (en) * | 1989-10-19 | 1991-05-08 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co | Painting/writing instrument |
| WO2011050409A1 (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-05 | Ian Peter Allen | A device for delivering data tags |
| EP2345544A1 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-20 | Georg Linz GmbH & Co. KG | Valve marker with transit channel in the valve seat |
| EP2345543A3 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2012-01-18 | Georg Linz GmbH & Co. KG | Valve marker with metering valve |
| WO2018142399A1 (en) * | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-09 | Nailomatic Ltd. | Brush integrated capsule with film-forming polymer for nail polishing |
| US10939739B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2021-03-09 | Nailomatic Ltd. | Automated nail polish application apparatus |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0782787B2 (en) * | 1990-05-09 | 1995-09-06 | 株式会社テーアンテー | Slide switch |
| KR100445936B1 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2004-08-25 | 김종출 | Multipurpose case |
| JP5235625B2 (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2013-07-10 | 三菱鉛筆株式会社 | Liquid applicator |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB911066A (en) * | 1960-08-18 | 1962-11-21 | Ct Technique Des Ind Fonderie | Improvements in or relating to methods of desulphurizing a bath of metal |
| US4528032A (en) * | 1984-01-10 | 1985-07-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Lithium purification technique |
| GB2160896A (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-02 | Boc Group Inc | Agents for the removal of impurities from a molten metal and a process for producing same |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3802023A (en) * | 1971-12-06 | 1974-04-09 | Spatz Corp | Brush |
| US4447169A (en) * | 1981-03-23 | 1984-05-08 | Victor Vartoughian | Automatic applicator bottles |
| US4599008A (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1986-07-08 | Fin-Tech Limited Partnership | Fingernail polish capsule and plunger |
-
1987
- 1987-06-25 JP JP1987097627U patent/JPS641779U/ja active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-06-23 IT IT198821078A patent/IT1217901B/en active
- 1988-06-24 FR FR19888808530A patent/FR2617135B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-06-24 DE DE19883821395A patent/DE3821395C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-06-24 KR KR2019880009761U patent/KR900011375Y1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-06-27 GB GB8815220A patent/GB2206486B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB911066A (en) * | 1960-08-18 | 1962-11-21 | Ct Technique Des Ind Fonderie | Improvements in or relating to methods of desulphurizing a bath of metal |
| US4528032A (en) * | 1984-01-10 | 1985-07-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Lithium purification technique |
| GB2160896A (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-02 | Boc Group Inc | Agents for the removal of impurities from a molten metal and a process for producing same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| WO 81/01297 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2237506A (en) * | 1989-10-19 | 1991-05-08 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co | Painting/writing instrument |
| WO2011050409A1 (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-05 | Ian Peter Allen | A device for delivering data tags |
| EP2345544A1 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-20 | Georg Linz GmbH & Co. KG | Valve marker with transit channel in the valve seat |
| EP2345543A3 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2012-01-18 | Georg Linz GmbH & Co. KG | Valve marker with metering valve |
| WO2018142399A1 (en) * | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-09 | Nailomatic Ltd. | Brush integrated capsule with film-forming polymer for nail polishing |
| US10939739B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2021-03-09 | Nailomatic Ltd. | Automated nail polish application apparatus |
| US10993520B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2021-05-04 | Nailomatic Ltd. | Nail polish kit for use by an automated nail polish application apparatus |
| US11129461B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2021-09-28 | Nailomatic Ltd. | Brush integrated capsule with film-forming polymer for nail polishing |
| US11497292B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2022-11-15 | Nailomatic Ltd. | Brush integrated capsule with film-forming polymer for nail polishing |
| US11980273B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2024-05-14 | Nailomatic Ltd. | Brush integrated capsule with film-forming polymer for nail polishing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8815220D0 (en) | 1988-08-03 |
| KR900000161U (en) | 1990-01-07 |
| FR2617135A1 (en) | 1988-12-30 |
| GB2206486B (en) | 1991-05-01 |
| JPS641779U (en) | 1989-01-06 |
| IT1217901B (en) | 1990-03-30 |
| DE3821395C2 (en) | 1991-07-04 |
| DE3821395A1 (en) | 1989-01-05 |
| IT8821078A0 (en) | 1988-06-23 |
| FR2617135B1 (en) | 1990-04-27 |
| KR900011375Y1 (en) | 1990-12-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19930627 |