GB2196217A - Heating device - Google Patents
Heating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2196217A GB2196217A GB08721430A GB8721430A GB2196217A GB 2196217 A GB2196217 A GB 2196217A GB 08721430 A GB08721430 A GB 08721430A GB 8721430 A GB8721430 A GB 8721430A GB 2196217 A GB2196217 A GB 2196217A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- heating device
- electrodes
- piezo
- fluid flow
- electric material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
- F22B1/30—Electrode boilers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
- F24H1/106—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with electrodes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
A heating device for heating a fluid, for example, for boiling water, has electrodes (7) and a fluid flow passage between the electrodes. The passage is linked mechanically to piezo-electric material (13) which is connected electrically to the electrodes. There may be multiple fluid flow passages defined by coaxial tubes (3,4,5) transversely intersected by multiple disc-shaped electrodes (7). The tubes (3,4,5) may be constructed from pairs of collars (12, 13) between the electrodes (7), one collar (13) of each pair being formed from the piezo-electric material and the other collar (12) being formed from electrically insulating material. The piezo-electric material produces about 1000 volts which when applied to the electrodes affects the conductivity of the water. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Heating device
This invention relates to a heating device.
Water can be heated by passing it between electrodes connected to a source of electric power. A suitable arrangement is described in
U.K. Patent Application No. 2164732A in which the electrodes are connected to a.c.
mains supply.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a heating device for electrically heating a fluid having electrodes arranged to be connected to a power source and at least one fluid flow passage arranged to direct flow of said fluid between said electrodes, characterised in that said fluid flow passage is linked mechanically to piezo-electric material which is connected electrically to said electrodes.
With this arrangement, as fluid flow along the passage and its temperature is elevated electrically by the electrodes, the associated agitation in the passage activates the piezoelectric material so as to produce an increased voltage between the electrodes and thereby increase the efficiency of the electrical heating effect.
The piezo-electric material may be of any suitable nature. Conveniently it may comprise polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and this may be applied as a film or coating layer to one or more surfaces of the heating device or may be used as part of a wall structure of the fluid flow passage.
The invention will now be described further by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a diagrammatic sectional view of one form of a heating device according to the invention.
The heating device comprises a copper tube inlet 1, a copper tube outlet 2, and a plurality of passages defined between coaxial tubes 3, 4, 5 within a cylindrical container 6 having an inner insulating layer 6a. The passages defined by the tubes 3-5 extend transversely (at right angles) through a plurality of perforated horizontal disc-shaped stainless steel electrodes 7.
The electrodes 7 are connected alternately to neutral and live terminals 8, 9. The top two electrodes 7 and the bottom electrode 7 are connected to the neutral terminal. The other electrodes are connected alternately to the live and neutral terminals. The tubes 1 and 2 are earthed.
The innermost tube 3 is fixed around the tube 1 and has a jacket 10 therearound defining a thermally insulating air gap 11.
The tubes 4, 5 are each made up of pairs of collars or rings 12, 13 (or 12a, 13a) which are stacked on top of each other with the electrodes 7 interposed therebetween. Suitable guides or abutments (not shown may be provided for centering the rings 12, 13 (or 12a, 13a) coaxially. The tube 3 is a one-piece tube which is passed through a central hole in the electrodes 7. The collars or rings (12, 13 (or 12a, 13a) of each pair respectively comprise a ring 13 of piezo-electric material (PVDF) which is in contact with the electrode 7 connected to the live terminal 9, and an electrically insulating ring 12 which is in contact with the electrode 7 connected to the neutral terminal 8.
At the bottom end of the tube 3 there is an earthed stainless steel disc 14 having an attached nut 15 bounding a central hole. The tube 1 extends down through the tube 3 and has a threaded end which engages the nut 15. The bottom ends of the tubes 4, 5 are defined by collars or rings 16, 16a which fit between the bottom electrode 7 and the disc 14 and these are formed wholly from electrical insulating material. The rings 16 have radial apertures 17 therein. Similarly, collars or rings 18, 1 8a formed wholly from insulating material are interposed between the top two electrodes 7, and collars or rings 19, 1 9a formed wholly from insulating material are interposed between the top electrode 7 and a top disc 20 of insulating material, the inner rings 19a having radial apertures 21 therein.
The disc 20 may be fixed to the inner tube 3 so that the nut 15 can be tightened to clamp the assembly of electrodes 7 and intermediate components securely together.
The bottom end of the tube 1 rests on the bottom of the inner lining 6a of the container 6 and there are radial outlet openings 22 in the end of the tube. There are also outlet holes 23 in the disc 14 between the tube 3 and the inner ring 16a. Outlet holes 24 are further provided in the disc 20 radially outwardly of the outer ring 19.
In use, water is caused to flow from the inlet 1 to the outlet 2 through the tubes 3, 4, 5 and through the perforations in the electrodes 7.
The path of the water flow is down the tube 1, through the holes 22, 23 up the passage between the tubes 3, 4, through the holes 21, down the passage between the tubes 4, 5, through the holes 24, and into the outlet 2.
The terminals 8, 9 are connected to opposite phases of a.c. mains supply and this causes the water to become electrically heated. The vigorous activity of the water due to the pressure of its flow into the inlet 1 and the turbulence derived from the counter flow through the electrodes in opposite directions and also due to thermal agitation, causes the piezo-electric material of the collars or rings 13 to be excited whereby a high voltage (1000v or more) is applied to the electrodes 7 connected to the live terminal. This gives rise to a breakdown in conductivity of the water between the electrodes 7 and this much promotes the efficiency of the heating of the water. Water can therefore be heated to boiling point more quickly and with less expenditure of energy than would be the-case if the piezo-electric material was not used. The water enters and leaves the heater at neutral potential due to the top and bottom arrangement of the neutral electrodes.
It is of course to be understood that the invention is not intended to be restricted to the details of the above embodiment which are described by way of example only.
Claims (10)
1. A heating device for electrically heating a fluid having electrodes arranged to be connected to a power source and at least one fluid flow passage arranged to direct flow of said fluid between said electrodes, characterised in that said fluid flow passage is linked mechanically to piezo-electric material which is connected electrically to said electrodes.
2. A heating device according to claim 1, wherein the piezo-electric material comprises polyvinylidene fluoride.
3. A heating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the piezo-electric material is applied as a film or coating layer to one or more surfaces of the heating device.
4. A heating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the piezo-electric material is used as part of a wall structure of the fluid flow passage.
5. A heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein there are multiple said fluid flow passages defined between coaxial tubes.
6. A heating device according to claim 5, wherein said tubes are arranged to direct fluid flow along successive said passages alternately in opposite directions.
7. A heating device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein said electrodes comprise multiple perforated structures which extend transversely through said tubes.
8. A heating device according to claim 7, wherein the tubes are made up of collars or rings stacked on top of each other with the electrodes interposed therebetween.
9. A heating device according to claim 8, wherein between successive adjacent electrodes there is one said collar or ring comprising said piezo-electric material and a further said collar or ring comprising electrical insulating material.
10. A heating device according to claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB868621902A GB8621902D0 (en) | 1986-09-11 | 1986-09-11 | Heating device |
GB868623439A GB8623439D0 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1986-09-30 | Heating device |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8721430D0 GB8721430D0 (en) | 1987-10-21 |
GB2196217A true GB2196217A (en) | 1988-04-20 |
GB2196217B GB2196217B (en) | 1990-01-17 |
Family
ID=26291279
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8721430A Expired - Lifetime GB2196217B (en) | 1986-09-11 | 1987-09-11 | Heating device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2196217B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008081492A2 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-10 | Carlos Sebastian Veltri | Low voltage electric water heater for sanitary uses and room heating |
CN104110838B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-08-17 | 沈阳工程学院 | A kind of telescopic electric heater unit of high temperature and high pressure gas |
-
1987
- 1987-09-11 GB GB8721430A patent/GB2196217B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008081492A2 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-10 | Carlos Sebastian Veltri | Low voltage electric water heater for sanitary uses and room heating |
WO2008081492A3 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-11-06 | Carlos Sebastian Veltri | Low voltage electric water heater for sanitary uses and room heating |
CN104110838B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-08-17 | 沈阳工程学院 | A kind of telescopic electric heater unit of high temperature and high pressure gas |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8721430D0 (en) | 1987-10-21 |
GB2196217B (en) | 1990-01-17 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |