GB2193086A - Toasters - Google Patents
Toasters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2193086A GB2193086A GB08618464A GB8618464A GB2193086A GB 2193086 A GB2193086 A GB 2193086A GB 08618464 A GB08618464 A GB 08618464A GB 8618464 A GB8618464 A GB 8618464A GB 2193086 A GB2193086 A GB 2193086A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- toaster
- toasting
- temperature
- switch
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
- A47J37/06—Roasters; Grills; Sandwich grills
- A47J37/08—Bread-toasters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/32—Time-controlled igniting mechanisms or alarm devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
Abstract
A toaster comprises at least one heating element (18, 20) for effecting toasting, control means (26) responsive to a desired extent of toasting having been achieved to de-energise the heating element, and sensor means (30) directly or indirectly responsive to a temperature within the toaster reaching a value higher than a value or maximum value which should be achieved during toasting. The sensor means (30) may be operative to activate an alarm (34) and/or to de-energise the heating element (18, 20).
Description
SPECIFICATION
Electric toasters
This invention relates to electric toasters, that
is devices for toasting slices of bread or other
toastable items of food.
Electric toasters generally are provided with
a control means or device which is responsive
to a parameter, which varies with the extent
of toasting, reaching a value indicating that a
desired extent of toasting has been achieved
to de-energise one or more electrical heating
elements that effect the toasting by cutting off
a supply of electricity thereto. The control
means may, for example, comprise a bimetal
lic switch or other temperature responsive de
vice which is responsive to a temperature
within the toaster reaching a predetermined
value to cut off the supply of electricity to the
electrical heating element or elements, in
which case the predetermined (temperature)
value is chosen to correspond to the tempera
ture having risen by an amount sufficient to
have achieved a desired extent of toasting.
Usually, the predetermined value of the tem
perature or other parameter is manually adjust
able, so that the user can control the extent
of toasting. Sometimes, in more sophisticated
toasters, a compensation device may be pro
vided to ensure at least approximate unifor
mity of the extent of toasting as between first
use (switching on from cold) and subsequent
use (switching on with toaster already warm).
The control means should, of course, nor
mally ensure that the supply of electricity to
the heating element or elements is cut off well
before the bread or other toastable iternis burnt. However, should the control means fail
to accomplish this function, an excessive
amount of heating may occur, which can give
rise to several unfortunate consequences.
Firstly, the bread or the like may be burnt and
therefore become inedible. Secondly, burning
of the bread or the-like can give rise to un
pleasant smoke and odour. Thirdly, overheat
ing can result in damage to the toaster and/or
a fire hazard; possibly, in extreme cases, an Selectrical fault caused by overheating can even
give rise to an electrical (electrocution) hazard.
The risk of damage/fire hazard/electrical haz
ard can be particularly severe if, in accordance
with a modern design tendency, a casing of
the toaster is constructed wholly or partially
of a low melting point material, in particuiar a
plastics material, rather than of metal.
According to the present invention there is
provided an electric toaster comprising:
at least one electrical heating element for
effecting toasting; F control means responsive to a desired ex
tent of toasting having been achieved to de
energise the heating element; and
sensor means responsibWe to a temperature
within the toaster reaching a value higher than a value or maximum value which should be achieved during toasting.
The sensor means may be operative to activate an alarm (e.g. audible and/or visual) so that the user will be made aware of the excessive temperature and can take appropriate corrective action, for instance switching off the toaster or unplugging the toaster from an electrical supply. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor means may be operative to deenergise the heating element, thereby automatically taking appropriate corrective action.
The invention will now be further described, by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which like references indicate like items throughout, and in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an electric toaster embodying the invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic electrical circuit diagram of the toaster of Figure 1; and
Figures 3 and 4 are schematic electrical circuit diagrams of respective modifications of the toaster of Figure 1.
The electric toaster illustrated in the drawing comprises a casing 10, which may for example be constructed wholly or partially of a thermoplastic or other plastics material, having therein a slot 12 through which a slice of bread 14 (or other toastable item of food) can be inserted into the toaster. When inserted within the toaster, the bread 14 is supported by a grille 16 or the like in such a position that its opposite sides face respective electrical heating elements 18, 20. In a manner well known per se in the art, insertion of the bread 14 causes closure of an ON/OFF switch 22 (Figure 2) whereby the heating elements 18, 20 are connected to an electrical supply 24.
The heating elements 18, 20 thus generate heat and start to toast the bread 14.
An extent of toasting control means or device, which may be in the form of or which may include a switch 26, is arranged within the casing 10. As shown in Figure 2, the switch 26 is connected ifl series with the
ON/OFF switch 22 between the heating elements 18, 20 and the electrical supply 24 and is normally closed so that it permits energisation of the heating elements. The control means is responsive to a parameter, which is indicative of the extent of toasting, reaching a predetermined value indicative of a desired extent of toasting having been achieved to open the switch 26 to de-energise the heating elements 18,20. The above-mentioned parameter may be a temperature, in which case the control means may comprise a temperature responsive device, e.g. a semiconductor device or a bimetallic switch.In this case, when the temperature in the vicinity of the control means or a temperature-sensitive part thereof (e.g. the temperature in the vicinity of the bimetallic switch 26) reaches a predetermined value which is selected such that the bread 14 will have been (or at least ought to have been) toasted to a desired extent, the switch 26 will open whereby the heating elements 18, 20 are de-energised. However, other parameters than temperature may be employed.
The parameter may, for example, be an optical parameter directly indicative of the extent of toasting, in which case the control means may comprise an optical device.
In a manner known per se in the art, the toaster may be provided with a sprung latch arrangement (not shown) which provides a spring force which resists slightly the insertion of the bread 14 and latches the bread in the illustrated position when it is fully inserted.
When the switch 26 is opened, the latch is released so that the spring force at least partially ejects the toasted bread 14 through the slot 12 ready for withdrawal.
The predetermined value of the above-mentioned parameter (e.g. the operating temperature of the bimetallic switch 26) preferably is manually adjustable, for example by means of a knob 28 or the like, so that the user can select the desired deg-ree of toasting (stepwise or continuously) over a range of values extending from a lightest value (minimum extent of toasting) to a darkest value (maximum extent of toasting).
The construction of the electric toaster, as so far described, is known.
The electric toaster is additionally provided with an overtemperature sensor device, which may be in the form of or include another normally closed switch 30. As shown in Figure 2, the switch 30 is connected in series with the ON/OFF switch 22 and the switch 26.
The overtemperature sensor device is responsive to an excessive temperature having been attained within the casing to open the switch 30. The sensor device need not sense temperature directly, but could for example comprise an optical device which senses by monitoring a parameter representative of the extent of toasting that the parameter has reached a value indicating that the toast has been excessively toasted, whiqh will, of course, occur only when the temperature within the casing
10 is excessive. The sensor device 30 may, however, sense temperature directly, in which case it may, for example, comprise a temperature-sensitive device such as a semiconductor device or bimetallic switch which is operative to sense the temperature at a location within the casing 10.Although that location is shown as being remote from the location of the switch 26, the switches 26, 30, if they are in themselves temperature sensitive, or temperature sensitive parts of the control
means and the sensor means, if disposed re
mote from the switches 26, 30, could in fact
be located adjacent one another. A predeter
mined temperature at which the switch 30 will
become open is so chosen as to be higher than the temperature that will be achieved in the vicinity of the switch 30 (or in the vicinity of a temperature sensitive part of the sensor means) when the switch 26 is set for the maximum extent of toasting. Thus, during normal operation, the switch 30 will always be closed.However, in the event of the switch 26 failing to become open when maximum toasting has been achieved, the switch 30 will become open and cut off the heating elements 18, 20 from the electrical supply 24, thereby preventing any substantial overheating and avoiding the above-described possibly unfortunate consequences of overheating. The toaster may be so designed that opening of the switch 30 may, as is the case for opening of the switch 26, release the latch to cause at least partial ejection of the bread 14 through the slot 12.
Preferably, the toaster is operative to provide an alarm signal in the event of operation of the overtemperature sensor device (opening of the switch 30) so that the user will be aware that a fault has occurred. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the switch 30 may be provided with an auxiliary, normally open contact set 32 which is closed on opening of the switch 30 to energise an alarm lamp 34 to provide a visual alarm. Electrical latching means (not shown) could be provided to maintain energisation of the lamp 34 cause of its energisation has been removed, for example (if the switch 30 is temperature sensitive) after the switch 30 has cooled down.
Instead of or as well as a visual alarm, the toaster could be designed to provide an audible alarm. This could be achieved, for example, by connecting a buzzer or the like (not shown) in parallel with the lamp 34 or by replacing the lamp with a buzzer or the like.
In a modification shown in Figure 3, the toaster provides only an alarm in the event of overheating, leaving it to the user to de-energise the heating elements 18, 20 by switching off the toaster or unplugging the toaster from the electrical supply. According to the modification, the switch 30 is replaced by a switch 30'. The switch 30' is the same as the switch 30, except that it is normally open rather than normally closed. Further, the switch 30' is not connected in series with the switch 26, but is connected simply between the supply 24 and the lamp 34 (and/or buzzer or the like) so as to provide an alarm in the event of closure of the switch 30' due to overheating. Again, electrical latching means could be provided to maintain energisation of the lamp 34 (and/or buzzer or the like) after the cause of its energisation has been removed, for example (if the switch 30 is temperature sensitive) after the switch 30 has cooled down.
In another modification shown in Figure 4, the switch 30 (30') that constitutes or forms part of the overtemperature sensor means is a changeover-type switch 30" located where shown in Figure 4 so that, in the event of an overtemperature, the contacts of the switch 30" change over from the position shown so as to energise the alarm lamp 34 and deenergise all other components. The switch 30" could be designed so as to be capable of being manually reset.
The invention can, of course, be embodied in other ways than those described above by way of illustrative and non-limiting example.
For instance, the extent of toasting control means and the overtemperature sensor means.
could comprise a common device for sensing a parameter (such as temperature) and operative to produce outputs for opening the switches 26,30 (30',30") at respective different predetermined parameter values.
Claims (8)
1. A toaster comprising:
at least one electrical heating element for effecting toasting;
control means responsive to a desired extent of toasting having been achieved to deenergise the heating element; and
sensor means responsive to a temperature within the toaster reaching a value higher than a value or maximum value which should be achieved during toasting.
2. A toaster according to claim 1, wherein the control means comprises a temperature sensitive device which is responsive to a temperature within the housing having attained a predetermined value to de-energise the heating element.
3. A toaster according to claim 1, wherein the control means is operative to sense a parameter directly indicative of the extent of toasting and is responsive to that parameter having attained a predetermined value to deenergise the heating element.
4. A toaster according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the sensor means comprises a temperature sensitive device whereby the sensor means is operative to sense temperature directly.
5. A toaster according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the sensor means is operative to sense temperature indirectly by sensing a parameter representative of the extent of toasting.
6. A toaster according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor means is operative to activate an alarm when the sensed temperature within the toaster has reached a value higher than the value or maximum value which should be achieved during toasting.
7. A toaster according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor means is operative to de-energise the heating element when the-sensed temperature within the toaster has reached a value higher than the vaiue or maximum value which should be achieved during toasting.
8. A toaster substantially as herein described with reference to Figures 1 and 2,
Figures 1 and 3 or Figures 1 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08618464A GB2193086A (en) | 1986-07-29 | 1986-07-29 | Toasters |
PCT/GB1987/000495 WO1988000808A1 (en) | 1986-07-29 | 1987-07-14 | Electric toasters |
AU76936/87A AU7693687A (en) | 1986-07-29 | 1987-07-14 | Electric toasters |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08618464A GB2193086A (en) | 1986-07-29 | 1986-07-29 | Toasters |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8618464D0 GB8618464D0 (en) | 1986-09-03 |
GB2193086A true GB2193086A (en) | 1988-02-03 |
Family
ID=10601857
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB08618464A Withdrawn GB2193086A (en) | 1986-07-29 | 1986-07-29 | Toasters |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU7693687A (en) |
GB (1) | GB2193086A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1988000808A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997040728A1 (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1997-11-06 | Philips Electronics N.V. | Toaster with mains-power-on safety device |
WO2001000073A1 (en) | 1999-06-04 | 2001-01-04 | Cambridge Consultants Limited | Toasting device with browning control |
WO2015118292A1 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2015-08-13 | Leslie Gort-Barten | Toaster |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5304782A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1994-04-19 | Black & Decker Inc. | Protection circuit for electric toaster |
AU655849B2 (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1995-01-12 | Pne Appliance Controls Pte Ltd. | Electric appliance |
US6486451B1 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2002-11-26 | Hamilton Beach/Proctor-Silex, Inc. | Toaster chassis assembly with improved safety device |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB243708A (en) * | 1924-12-01 | 1926-07-15 | Frederick Elliott Hurxthal | Improvements in, and connected with, automatic temperature controls for toasters forbread or other materials |
US3154005A (en) * | 1962-03-08 | 1964-10-27 | Gen Electric | Food broiling oven |
US3919523A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1975-11-11 | Mc Graw Edison Co | Electric cooking apparatus with safety control |
US4217482A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1980-08-12 | Mcgraw-Edison Company | Electric cooking apparatus with safety control |
US4245148A (en) * | 1979-09-14 | 1981-01-13 | Wisco Industries, Inc. | Optically sensitive control circuit for a food browning device |
CH654193A5 (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1986-02-14 | Sigg Aluminium & Metallwaren | Table-top oven device |
-
1986
- 1986-07-29 GB GB08618464A patent/GB2193086A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1987
- 1987-07-14 WO PCT/GB1987/000495 patent/WO1988000808A1/en unknown
- 1987-07-14 AU AU76936/87A patent/AU7693687A/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997040728A1 (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1997-11-06 | Philips Electronics N.V. | Toaster with mains-power-on safety device |
WO2001000073A1 (en) | 1999-06-04 | 2001-01-04 | Cambridge Consultants Limited | Toasting device with browning control |
WO2015118292A1 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2015-08-13 | Leslie Gort-Barten | Toaster |
CN106132258A (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2016-11-16 | 莱斯利·哥特-巴登 | Bread baker |
US20160345775A1 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2016-12-01 | Leslie GORT-BARTEN | Toaster |
GB2522889B (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2018-10-24 | Leslie Gort Barten | Toaster |
US10362900B2 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2019-07-30 | Leslie GORT-BARTEN | Toaster |
AU2015213935B2 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2019-09-19 | Leslie Gort-Barten | Toaster |
CN106132258B (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2019-12-24 | 莱斯利·哥特-巴登 | Toaster |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8618464D0 (en) | 1986-09-03 |
WO1988000808A1 (en) | 1988-02-11 |
AU7693687A (en) | 1988-02-24 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |